134 arhitektov bilten • architect's bulletin • 224 • 225 • 226 • 227 Arhitektura. Skulptura. Spomin. / Architecture. Sculpture. Remembrance. Kompleks v spomin padlim borcem revolucije • Štip, Makedonija • Arhitekt: Bogdan Bogdanović • Material: beli marmor • Fotografije: Damjan Momirovski • Besedilo: Ana Ivanovska Memorial complex to the fighters of the Revolution • Štip, Macedonia • Architect: Bogdan Bogdanović • Material: white marble • Photographs: Damjan Momirovski • Text: Ana Ivanovska 20_ ŠTIP, 1974 Bogdan Bogdanović MKD 135arhitektov bilten • architect's bulletin • 224 • 225 • 226 • 227 razstava / exhibition Kompleks v spomin padlim borcem revolucije je manj znano delo Bogdana Bog- danovića. Spomenik, ki je bil zmagovalna rešitev natečaja s konca šestdesetih let, so gradili od leta 1969 do 1974. Stoji na vzhodni strani hriba Isar, pod ostanki srednjeveške trdnjave nad mestom Štip. Posvečen je padlim borcem narodnoo- svobodilnega boja (1941–1944) in civilnim žrtvam fašizma iz Štipa in okolice. Gle- de na specifični značaj ozkega in strmega terena je Bogdanović običajno horizon- talno zasnovo nadomestil z vertikalno razporeditvijo. Spodnja ploščad, tlakovana z granitom, je opremljena s svečanim portalom iz treh klesanih monolitov, visokih približno tri metre. Od tu vodi strmo stopnišče proti zgornji granitni ploščadi. Na vsaki strani posamezne stopnice je majhen spominski kamen z imenom enega od padlih borcev. Zgornja ploščad je osrednji element kompleksa. Na mesto gleda dvanajst monolitov iz belega marmorja višine približno 2,3 m in širine 80 cm, ki so v nekakšni prosti kompoziciji razporejeni ob vznožju pobočja. Monoliti enake veli- kosti in geometrije sledijo enotni delitvi volumna: vsi so postavljeni na trapezoidni podstavek in sestavljeni iz spodnjega dela s horizontalnimi žlebovi in zgornjega dela s krožno, kot rozeta oblikovano vdolbino, ki se simbolično zaključi z rogovi. Kljub na prvi pogled enotni podobi se med seboj razlikujejo po vklesanih motivih in vzorcih in kot taki oblikujejo »družino« individualnih elementov: motiv, ki ga v Bogdanovićevem delu pogosto najdemo. Na nasprotni strani ploščadi je enako visok žerjavni steber, pod katerim je kripta z ostanki padlih. Pomen in uporaba spomenika sta, podobno kot pri ostalih spomenikih druge svetovne vojne, po raz- padu Jugoslavije upadla. Vendar se v spominskem kompleksu Štip lokalni spomin- ski dogodki še vedno izvajajo. Čeprav kompleks ni bil nikoli uvrščen na seznam kulturnih spomenikov, je območje v razmeroma dobrem stanju; edini znak zane- marjenosti in vandalizma so grafitni napisi na belih marmornih površinah. Memorial complex to the fighters of the Revolution is a lesser-known work by Bogdan Bogdanović. The monument - the winning solution of the competition held in the late 1960s - was built between 1969 and 1974. It stands on the east- ern side of hill Isar, under the remains of a mediaeval fortress above the town of Štip. It is dedicated to fighters of the People’s Liberation Struggle killed in action (1941–1944) and to civilian victims of fascism from Štip and its vicinity. Owing to the specific character of the narrow and steep terrain, Bogdanović opted for a vertical arrangement instead of a commonplace horizontal design. The lower platform paved with granite features a ceremonial portal with three carved mon- oliths measuring approximately 3 m in height. From here, a steep stairway leads towards the upper granite platform. On either side of each step, there is a small memorial stone inscribed with the name of a fighter. The upper platform is the central element of the complex. Overlooking the town, there are twelve white- marble monoliths approximately 2.3 m tall and 80 cm wide, arranged along the slope in a kind of free composition. The monoliths, equal in their size and geom- etry, follow the same division of volume: placed on a trapezoid plinth, they com- prise a lower portion with horizontal flutes and an upper portion with a circular recess featuring a rosette design which symbolically concludes in two horns. De- spite appearing uniform at a glance, they differ in the chiselled designs and pat- terns and as such form a “family” of individual elements - a motif often found in Bogdanović’s work. On the opposite end of the platform, there is an equally tall urn-like column with a crypt containing the remains of those killed beneath it. The significance and use of the monument diminished after the dissolution of Yugoslavia. However, local remembrance events still take place at the memorial complex Štip. Despite the complex never having been listed as a cultural monu- ment, the area is in relatively good condition; the only sign of neglect and van- dalism is graffiti writing on the white marble surfaces.