kv.ibTaBbm KaMHHi Eeiapyci 3pncm flnyKoy AanKcandp Kapa6anay, flwdMirn fnynuu, ddeapd 3auKoycKi, Banepuu BinaKypay The article analyses cult stones on the territory of Belarus, among them such types as stones with footprints, stones for protection, officinal- and treasure-stones, petrified people and animals. The stones are known under the following names: the God's footprint, the Holy stone, Volas, Dazhdzboh (Rain-God), Kapavishcha (Sanctuary), Forefather, and others. Even today people make sacrifice (money, flowers, apples) to many of these stones. Ha 6oibmaft Tapbrropbii Beiapyci, Haftnepm 3a yce Ha ae noyHanbi i y i3HTpaibHaft nacTUbi, mbipoKa pacnaycroflxaHbi BaiyHbi. Ix 3'ayieHHe TyT a6yMoyieHa Ma-nepHKOBHMi 3Aefl3HHeHHHMi, i3HTpaM aKix 6biia OeHacKaHflHH. 3BHHafiHa naMep BaiyHoy He nepaBHmae 0,7 m, pafl3eH cycTpaKaroiia ribi6bi fla 1—1,5 m i 3yciM 3paflKy — KaMjibiri fla 3—5 m i 6ojieiH CaMbi BaiiKi 3 3ap3ricTpaBaHbix y pacnySuiiibi BaiyHoy (BaiiKi KaMeHb) iaxbiib Kaia b. TopKi OyMiiiHcKara paeHa (T.1: 13). ^ro flayxbma 11 m. naMepH KaMaHey 3MSHmaroma 3 noyHanbi Ha noyfl3eHb Beiapyci. 3'ayiaroHbica aflMeraaft nacTKafi uaHflma^Ty, BaiyHbi 3flayHa yBafimii He ToibKi y MaTapbaibHyro, aie i flyxoyHyro KyibTypy 6eiapycKara Hapofla. y 3HanHafi cTyneHi KyibTaBba BaiyHbi 3Ba3aHbi 3 nepma6biTHbiMi BepaBaHHaMi: maHaBaHHeM a6'eKTay npbpoflb, aKia 6bimaM 6h Maroib 3BbimHaTypaibHbia aKacii (^eTbimbi3M), BepaH y Toe, mTo aco6Hbia KaMaHi 3'ayiaroma a6o paHeft 6biii xbiBbiMi icToTaMi (aHiMi3M), a TaKcaMa no3HiMi paiiriHHbiMi BepaBaHHaMi (KyibTaM npoflKay, a3bramiTBaM 3 aro mMaTiiKiMi aHTpanaMop^HbMi 6ocTBaMi, xpbiciiaHcTBaM). 3BecTKi a6 KyibTaBbix KaMaHax Beiapyci cycrpaKaroma y nicbMoBbix Kpbrniiax nanbrnaroHbi 3 XVI ct. (XpoHiKa ^iToycKaa i XaMofiiKaa, XpoHiKa Maiea CTpbHKoycKara, ^iToycKaa MeTpbiKa). TaK, nafl 1557 roflaM Kaia B.TapacaBa na6ii3y MiHcKa 3raflBaeiia HopTay KaMeHb [1, c. 22]. ,D,aKyMeHTbi XVII ct. nacra Ha3biBaroib KaMaHi 3 BbicenaHbiMi Ha ix KpbixaMi y aKacii narparnnHbix 3HaKay [4]. y KaHibi XVII ct. pycKi naflapoxHiK n.A.TaicTofi afl3Hanbiy KaMeHb 3 BbiaBaft cTynHi naiaBeKa (cieflaBiK) y BapbicaycKiM Kacieie [12, c. 17]. y 1751 r. npbi pa3MexaBaHHi 3aMeib xbipoBiiKix 6a3^iibaHay i MaeMacii b. fflbiflioBiibi (fflbiiaBMbi) apxiyHbia KpbiHiibi Ha3bBaroib Kanibi 3 KaMaHaMi, Ha aKix BbicenaHbi rep6bi yiaflaibHiKay MaeHTKay BxacToycKix ("cTpaMa") i 6a3biibaHay ("KaioHa") [14, c. 71]. y 1773 r. BbiBynaHHeM BapbicaBbix KaMaHey 3aHMaiaca aKcneflbiibia aKaflaMiKa I.I.^anexiHa. y nanaTKy XIX ct. nomyKi KaMaHey 3 HaflnicaMi i 3HaKaMi Baiica na iHiibiaTbiBe rpa^a M.n.PyMaHiaBa. na aro xaflaHHiiTBy pacificKi ypafl npbrnay pamaHHe a6 3axaBaHHi MaHyMeHTaibHbix noMHiKay anirpa^ki — "BapbicaBbix KaMaHey" — y panbimnbi 3axoflHaH ,D,3BiHbi [5, c. 90—91]. Aca5niBaa yBara Ha KynbTaBbia KaMaHi cTana aBapTaroa a capa^mbi XIX ct. A5 ix mMaT nicani A.nnaTap, A.KipKop, ^.TbimKeB«, K.TaBopcxi, nOnineycm, M.KycmHcm, n.B.ffl3HH, A.^.BarnaHoBin, O.B.naKpoycxi, E.P.PaMaHay, M.B.^oyHap-3anonbcxi i iHmbisi nacneflHHKi [2; 6, c. 92—93; 7; lO; ll; l3, c. 98—l07; 15; iT]. OMaT apTbiKynay, npncBenaHHx KynbTaBbiM BanyHaM, npyKaBanaca y raaeTax, aca5niBa "Mhhckhx ry5epHcKHx BenoMocTax". BaniKaa npana na BbiBynaHHi KynbTaBbix KaMaHëy 5bina paaropHyra lH5e.Ky.bTaM y 20-a ranbi XX ct. [9, c. 155—182]. y nacnaBaeHHbia ranbi aBecTKi a5 KynbTaBbix KaMaHax a5ipani apxeonari .n.B.AnaKceey, r.B.ffl/rbixay, n.^.no5anb. HeKaTopbia naHbia Tpanini y "35op noMHiKay ricTopbii i KynbTypbi Benapyci". 3apaa BbiBynaHHeM KynbTaBbix KaMaHëy aaÖMaroroa ayTapbi apTbiKyna [8]. Ha cëHHamHi ^eHb Ha Tapbrropbii Benapyci HaniHBaeroa 5onbm aa 300 KynbTaBbix BanyHoy, 5onbm aa 100 MecnaaHaxonxaHHay KaMeHHbix Kpbixoy i Kana 30 KaMeHHbix aaHHHinKix inanay. yce KynbTaBHa KaMaHi MoxHa nanaaninb Ha flBa acHoyHbia THna: KynbTaBbia BanyHH i KynbTaBHa Bbipa5bi a BanyHoy. nepmH a othx Tbinay cKnanaeroa a HacTynHbix nani Knacay: MariHHbia BanyHbi (^erambi), aHiMicTbmHbia BanyHbi (napaBapaTHi), aBicTbHHba BanyHbi (naenaBiKi), naicTbiHHbia BanyHbi (5araBiKi), KpbinTareHHbia BanyHbi (BanyHb a aMKaMi i BbieMKaMi i BanyHbi a ManroHKaMi, HannicaMi, aHaKaMi). KynbTaBbia Bbipa5bi a BanyHoy nanpaanaanaroroa Ha KynbTaBbia a5ynaBaHHi a BanyHoy, inanbi i KaMeHHbia Kpbixbi. yce raraa Knacbi y cBaro napry naena^a amna Ha Biflbi. Taöjiua. Kjaci^iKauMH KymTaBbix KaMaHëy Benapyci Tun Knac Bifl npu5^Í3Haa KO^bKacub MarraHbia BanyHbi A5apari l0 (^eTbimbi) toh5íth 20 CnenaBiKi l00 ^ynan3eHHHa l0 CKap5HiKi l0 AHiMicTb^Hba BanyHb AKaMaHenba nronai 20 (napaBapaTHi) AKaMaHenbia xbiBënbi l0 AKaMaHenba 5ynbiHKi i aaëpbi l5 KynbTaBba BanyHbi ABicTbmHbia BanyHb A5araynëHbia npoflKi 30 (naenaBiKi) MeMapbianbHbia BanyHbi l0 flaicTbmHbia BanyHbi BanyHbi a iMëHaMi aabmH^Kix 5ocTBay l0 (5araBiKi) AxBapHiKi l5 HopraBbi KaMaHi 30 Boxbia (cBaTba) KaMaHi l0 BapbicaBbi KaMaHi 7 KpbinTareHHbia BanyHbi BanyHb a BbieMKaMi i aMKaMi 20 BanyHb a ManroHKaMi, aHaKaMi, HannicaMi l0 KynbTaBba a5ynaBaHHi a üaxaBanbHba a5ynaBaHHi coTHi BanyHoy Kanim^bi ÄaecaTKi KynbTaBba 5ynbiHKi a BanyHo ÄaecaTKi KynbTaBbia Bbipa5bi a Inanb (ctoäh) Aco5Hbia ranoBb l0 BanyHoy Oirypbi 20 KaMeHHbia Kpbixbi MeMapbianbHbia (naMaTHbia) l0 A5apari 20 HaflMarinbHba coTHi KyjbTaBbra BMyHbi (I Twn) MariHHbra BaiyHM (^enimbi). ^a Knaca MariHHbix BanyHoy, a6o BanyHoy-^eTbimay, Hanexanb BanyHbi-a6ap3ri, BanyHbi-roH6iTbi, cnenaBiKi, nynan3eftHbia BanyHbi i CKap6HiKi. BanyHu - ačapazi BanoMbi y BecKax MinbKaBiHbi (MinbKaHoBinbi) HaBarpyncKara (T.1: 56), KpbiHKi AcinoBinKara paeHay (T.1: 47) i y iHmbix Macnrnax. y B.MinbKaBinbi MarinHaft cinaft Banonaronb nacTKi, an6iTbia an BanyHa. y KpHHKax MarinHbiMi ninbinica KaMHHi y ^opMe mymaK. y KpaBe CMaproHcKara paeHa (T.1: 30) y aKacm a6apoHH an xanepbi y 1871 r. Ha koxhhm 6axy BecK 6bino nacTayneHa na BanyHy-a6apary. 3 ix 3axaBayca TonbKi an3iH KaMeHb BHmHHČi Kana 1 m. Ha aro Tpox rpaHax BH6iTH macmKaHnoBbia Kpbixbi. ®oto 1: 3flBapa 3aHKoycKH — KaMeHb «KaSuna» Kam eecKU flaumea fludcKaia paeHa BanyHu - zouSimu. na naBep'ax, nanaMararonb an po3Hbix xBapo6ay. ,D,axnxaBaa Bana 3 BanyHoy ninbinaca neKaBaft i BbiKapbicToyBanaca y MHorix BecKax. y aKacni neKay yxbiBayca mox, aKi pBani 3 KaMeHa i cymbini. An xBapo6 Banan Hi6HTa nanaMarana Bana 3 KaMeHa Kanpbinb Kana b. KaMaHoe Bap33iHcKara paeHa, 3 BanyHoy Kana BecaK CTapanBapan Ha rpon3eHmHbrne, Kyn3iHaB«bi KanbinbcKara (T.1: 66), 3aciMaB«bi npyxaHcKara (T.1: 70), BoyKaymHbma MiepcKara paeHay (T.1: 7), r.n.A^a6pcm (Pyna6enKa). y Pyna6ennbi Han KaMeHeM 6bina na6ynaBaHa Kannma, cnyxbinica Mane6HH, nron3i npHHocini axBapbi — neH, nanaTHo, Macna. An nixapanKi BbineHBay KaMeHb y B.KiBanbrna npyxaHcKara (T.1: 69) paeHa. ^3anen, xbophx KoKnromaM, nanbiy KaMeHb y b. fflbinaB«bi npyxaHcKara paeHa. y b. napa^apbi nyxaBmKara paeHa (T.1. 43) KaMeHb BbineHBay napaniTbiKay, KynbraBHx i rnyxix. y BHrnan3e napamKa KaMeHb Kana B.PaMeHiKi IyeycKara paeHa nanaMaray an Bap'anTBa. y HaBinKaBinax KaMaHenKara paeHa (T.1 : 73) Bana ca cnanKa nanbina 6apanayKi y nron3efi i xHBen. XbiBen nanbini amna KaMeHb Kana b. 3acHynn3e BpacnaycKara paeHa (KoHefi) i KaMeHb Bonac y Kpbixoynbi Kana MiHcKa (ycix xaTHix xbiBen). KaMHHey - cnedaeiKoy HaninBaenna Kana coTHi. 3BbinafiHa raTa HeBaniKia (na 1,5—2 m) rnHÖH 3 KceHaniTaMi — yKnronaHHaMi iHmaponHara panbiBa y acHoyHafi Mace ropHafi MarMaTHnHafi naponbi. y rpyny cnenaBiKoy yBaxon3anb nBa BinH aHTpanaMop^Hbia cnenaBixi-anöiTKi Hari (Boxaa CTonKa, Cnen Xpbicra, Cnen Barapon3inb, Cnen CBaTofi naHHb, Cnen CBaTora MiKanaa, Cnen HopTa, Cnen fl'aöna, Cnen BanaToyHbi i iHm.), anöiTKi nanoHi (an3iH ca 3MeeBbix BanyHoy y CeHHeHcKiM paeHe, KaMeHb Ha 6epa3e Caxa, KaMeHb nan anTapoM XbipoBinKafi napKBbi y CnoHiMcKiM paeHe) i 3aaMop$Hbia cnenaBiKi — an6iTKi KanbiT ni nan xbiBen. ^a Hafi6onbm cTapaxbiTHbix MoxHa anHecni KaMaHi nan Ha3Bafi Cnen BanaToyHb Ha 6epa3e CBicnanbi i Kana b. 3a6exxa nan Bine6cKaM i nan Ha3Bafi Cnen .He6en3i Kana b. ^yxaBa ManapbinKara paeHa (T.1: 75). TaKia Ha3Bb 3axaBanica 3 a3binmnKix nacoy. Bonbmacnb xa cnenaBiKoy nafimni na Hac y xpbcniaHcKafi iffrapnpaTanbii. Capon cnenaBiKoy ecnb KaMaHi ca cnanaMi Cb. MiKanaa - BecKi KynaymnbHa (T.1: 64) i Tpo3aBa KanbinbcKara paeHa (T.1: 65), Cb. ÄHTOHia - b. nnaßaHaynb MacroycKara paeHa (T.1. 59). HeKaTopbia KaMaHi-cnenaBiKi 3Ba3Baronna ca cnenaM XpbicTa: BecKi Kyn3iHaBinbi KanbinbcKara (T.1: 66), KanKa EnycKara, BoyKaymnbiHa MiepcKara paeHay (T.1: 7). MiHcKi cnenaBiK, mTo Kanicbni naxay Ha TpaenKafi rapbi, BanoMbi nan Ha3Bafi Hara naTpa. Capon 3aaMopc^Hbix cnenaBiKoy nBa 3Ba3aHbi 3 KoHaMi (KoHb-KaMeHb Kana b. 3acHynn3e i b. KpacHaropKa BpacnaycKara paeHa (T.1: 2), KoHcKi KanbiT Ha KaMeHi Kana b. nyneninb BapbicaycKara paeHa). Ecnb an3iH KaMeHb ca cnenaM 3afina - b. HypbinaBa MiepcKara paeHa (T.1: 4), an3iH ca cnenaM 6binKa (Banoxbrncrn paeH), an3iH ca cnenaM aneHa (r.n. PanamKoBinbi Manan3enaHcKara paeHa). Ha BanyHe Kana b. XypaBen AcinoBinKara paeHa (T.1: 48) Maronna cnanKi narapox xbiBen — Man3Ben3a, BayKa, 3afina i nicinbi. na nanaHHax, cnanKi 6binnaM 6h naKiHyni 3Bapbi y Tba nacbi, Kani KaMaHi 6bini MaKKiMi. Cnen aneHa amna 3Ba3Baronb ca cnenaM 3anaTora aneHa mnacna. KaMaHi 3 Ha3BaMi Cnen HopTa (HopTay cnen, HopTay cTyneHb) BanoMbia Kana BecaK BynaBimxi-^Ky6aHnH BpacnaycKara, EanbmaHH AmMaHcKara (T.1: 31), CaHexbinbi HaBarpyncKara paeHay (T.1: 57) i y iHmHx Mecnax. Kana b. PacanbmnH3Ha IyeycKara paeHa (T.1: 32) KaMeHb 3aBenna CnenaM ,D,a6na-a6xopbi. UydadseÜHUM eanyHU, aöoeanyHU - u,ydaeiKi, He Maronb ^yHKnbifi a6aparay a6o neKaBHx KaMaHey, ane 3 iMi nanaHHi 3Ba3Baronb npHBinH i iHmHa He3BHnafiHHa 3'aBH. TaKia BanyHb BanoMb y BecKax Hayraponb MiepcKara, KaMeHb y3n3eHcKara, MacnimnH, CTamanimKi i BarnaHaBa BpacnaycKara paeHay. HanpHKnan, MacnoBHa xHxapH anaBanaronb, mTo y b. CTamanimKi Kana BanyHa nacaM 3'aynaronna tph BepmHiKi i nyxaronb nron3efi, a y B.BarnaHaBa Ha BanyHe 6brnae aroHb i 6ananb cTapyro 3 Bani3HHM MexaM. A6 kümhhhx - cKapÖHimx y 6onbmacni BbinanKay 3BHnafiHa raBopanb, mTo nan iMi 3aKanaHH cKap6bi. Hacnefi 3a yce raTa rpombi (BecKi nyneninH BapbicaycKara, Macnimna BpacnaycKara paeHay), 3onaTa (BecKi CTamanimKi BpacnaycKara, HypbinaBa MiepcKara paeHay), 3onaTa i cpa6pa (PacoHmnHHa), 3onaTa i 36poa (b. ,D,pbinbiH nyxaBinKara paëHa), öpbiHKi a aojaTaM (b. MiKyjKi nacTaycxara paëHa), öaranne, HapaöaBaHae ^paHnyaaMi y 1812 roaae (b. BymaBwbi TjHÖonKara paëHa) i r.a. ahímíct^ihh^i» BajyH^i, aöo napaBaparai. Tara Kjac a^jrocTpoyBae pamTKi apxaiHHHx BepaBaHHAy y Toe, mTo BajyHbi, hk i HeKaTopbia mmbia npbipoflHbia aö'eKTbi (HanpHKnafl, apaBbi), a'ayjaronna a6o Marji paHeö 6binb xbiBbiMi icToTaMi. Capoa aBecTaK a6 BajyHax hk aKaMHHejbix icToTax, öy^biHKax i panax Bbmynaenna 6 croxaTay: aKaMHHej^iH aparas paaaM a BajaMi aa npany Ha BajiK^aeHb, aKaMHHejba Bacejji, aKaMHHej^iH Kpaynbi ni maynb aKaMHHejbia jroaai aa poaHbia npaBiHHacni, aKaMHHej^iH xbiBëjbi i aKaMHHejbiH öy^biHKi (nacneö paaaM a jroaabMi). ®OTO 2: 3aBapa 3aHKoycKH — Kajeub cnedaeiK Kann eëcKU Msüpu ÄudcKaia paëHa Haööojbm pacnaycroaxaHbi naaaHHi a6 aKüMHHeÄUX - apamux paaaM a BajaMi aa npany Ha BajiK^aeHb. 3BbraaÖHa raBopanb a6 apaTHM i ^Byx Bajax: BëcKi Typbrnbi Maabipcxara, KpHHKa AcinoBinKara (T.1: 47), Tajayji flaaxnaycKara (T.1: 58), BbiKaBiHbi Bapaamcxara paëHay (T.1: 44). y HeKaTopbix naaaHHax amna ^irypye xoHKa apaTara, HKaa npbmecja HMy cHeaaHHe ni aöea, caöaxa, rapmKi i py^HiK. na^aHHi npa amMHHemiH enceMi nepaKjjiKaronna a na^oÖHbiMi naaaHHHMi npa KypraHH, aae MarijbHbia Hacbinbi — raTa naxaBaHHi yaaejbHiKay Bacejja, axoe cycTpajaca a jmthm aMeeM, a6o Ha Mecnbi KypraHoy aflöbmaca öofca naMix ^ByMa BacejjHMi — a^Ho exaja a napKBH, a apyroe y napKBy i He xaneji cacTynanb a^Ho apyroMy aapory: BëcKi 36jhhh ^i^cKara (T.1: 55), flaapanbrn 3ejb6aHcKara paëHay. Bojbmacnb naaaHHay npa aKaMHHejbix jroaaeö iaae amna aa nacoy xpncniaHiaanHi. TaTa, HanpbiKjafl, Cnën-KaMeHb — aKaMHHejbi CnanaH, hkí y nepmbi aaeHb BajiKa^HH Bbiexay apanb (b. KpacHiKi floxmbinKara paëHa). TaBopanb, mTo Kajicbui KaMeHb öbiy a rajaBoH, pyKaMi i HaraMi. y Bajbrnrax i b. flaepayHOH CjOHiMcKara paëHa (T.1: 62) KaMaHi jraauua aKaMaHejHMi xaHHbrnaMi. y b. iKaHbi Ha BapbicaymwHe (T.1: 29), arojHa a najaHHeM, öbiy jpaHHbi KHaab, jrojai npaxjaji aro, ëH axaMaHey i yBaHmoy y aaMjro. SacTajaca TOjbKi rajaBa. y b. ropKi HapBeHbcKara paëHa BajiKi KaMeHb jinbiuua aKaMaHejbiM BOjaTaM, a Kaja b. napaxap nyxaBiuKara paëHa jBa BajyHH aBajica aKaMaHejHMi flaaM'aHaM i Map'aH. S BajyHoy, y aKix nepaTBapbijica xbiBëjbi, BajOMH BoyK, TycaK, MajaBejab, Bhkí, KapoBa, Kot, a TaxcaMa SMeeBH i ByxbiHbia KaMaHi. najaHHi a6 Taxix KaMaHax MOXHa jinbiub caMHMi apxaiHHHMi. flaBOji pacnaycrojxaHa HaaBa 3Meey KaMeHb. Kaja B.Bipxay Hammuxara paëHa BajOMH SMeH-KpaBeu, y BajyHe naöjiay B.BajaHKÍmKÍ AcTpaBeuKara paëHa (T.1. 32/4) öbiuuaM 6h xbiy aMeH (umok) Bajb. Ha PacoHmwHe icHye HacTynHae najaHHe. D,mok jauey a aojaTaM i cpaöpaM ja rpamHÍKay. PanTaM Heöa pacxajojaca, umok ynay i nepaTBapbiyca y KaMeHb, a cxapöbi anHHyjica y aaMji naj KaMeHeM. flaBOji pacnaycrojxaHH najaHHi npa amMmemiH eëcKi, asëpu, xpaMU. Tax, y PaxaHax Cjyuxara paëHa (T.1: 67) Ha Mecubi KaMaHëy HiöHra paHeH öbija Bëcxa. y najaHHi raBopbiuua, mTO jaajOK, axora He nycuiji nepaHanaBaub, ycro Bëcxy nepaTBapHy y KaMaHi, a jaaynbrny, mTO npbrnecja jaajKy xjeöa, aje He nacjyxajaca aro i arjaHyjaca, nepaBapHyy y aaarojro. KaMeHb naöjiay B.rajbiHKa Kaja japori a najpoci y BayxaBbcK (T.1: 61) jaxbiub HiöHra Ha Mecubi öbijora Boaepa. SrojHa a najaHHeM, TyT Hexaji npaaajxaja öaraTaa naHi a jmóímhm caöanxaM. ^Ha xaueja BbiKynaub caöa^Ky, aje toh yTaniyca. naHi npaxjaja Boaepa, aHO yBaHmjo y aaMjro i Ha naBepxHi aaMecT Boaepa aacrayca TOjbKi KaMeHb. npa BajyH Kaja b. CrapajBapau Ha TpojaeHmwHe raBopbiub, mTO Ha aro Mecubi paHeH craay Kacuëj. Capoj aHiMicTbiHHbix BajyHoy acoÖHa craaub KaMaHi-Kpayubi i mayubi. S ix ceM mbiji ajaeHHe, tph öoth, npbiwM capoj thx BajyHoy, mTO mbiji ajaeHHe, jBa KaMaHi HaaHBaroub CuanaHaMi, ajaiH HopTaBbiM, ajaiH — SMeeBbiM, a capoj KaMaHëy, mTO mbiji öoth, ajaiH aaBeuua Tomcíhhm. yce KaMaHi-Kpayubi jraauua axaMaHejbMi xaTaMi. najaHHi npa Taxia KaMaHi aMajb ajHOjbKaBbia. HanpbiKjaj, y Bhcokím rapajubi TajanbrncKara paëHa (T.1: 22) ja KaMeHa BenapaM npHHociji TKaHiHy i npaciji: "CuanaH, cmbiH MHe xynaH", a paHiuaH aTpHMjiBaji ajaeHHe. Ajhohhh yBenapH HeHxaa öaöa npHHecja cyKHO, naxjaja Ha KaMeHb i nanpacija: "CuanaH, cmHH MHe Hi Toe, Hi cëe". PaHiuaH aHa npbiHmja i yöan^ua, mTO ajaiH pyxay Ha MecuH a jpyri npHmHTH ja najojy. S thx nacoy KaMeHb nepacray mbnb. y b. CTapH narocT Miëpcxara paëHa (T.1. 119/4) pacxaaBaroub, mTO y KaMeHi öhjo axeHua, npaa axoe Kjaji TKaHiHy i raBapbiji, mTO nam^iub. Ha HacrynHH jaeHb ajaeHHe öhjo raTOBa. KaMeHb Kaja b. BipxaBa (SMeey KaMeHb) yciM mbiy ajaeHHe öacnjaTHa, aje TOjbKi Hejbra öhjo aro aö othm npaciub, a Kaji nanpaciub, to ëH apoöiub HaajBapoT, napaxa TKaHiHy i BHKÍHe. KaMeHb hí a kím He paaMayjay. Sa npauy aMy npHHociji ecui i niub. Aö KaMeHi Kaja BaöpyHcxa (T.1: 49) BajOMa najaHHe, naBOjje axora TyT öbiy Taxi KpaBeu, mTO Hejbra öhjo aro hí npaciub, hí naxaaBaub, aK mbiub. AjaiH paa npHHecja ja aro TKaHÍHy Ha mjroöHH yöop jaayHbma-Hapaymua i cTaja TjyManbiub, aK apaöiub. KpaBeu paaajaBayca i He nambiy ycaro naTpaöHara. Hapaymua aa raTa nepaTBapbija xaTy paaaM a KpayuoM y KaMeHb. npa KaMeHb naöjiay b. BapoHÍHa CeHHeHcxara paëHa (T.1: 21) icHye HexajbKÍ najaHHay. HanpbiKjaj, arojHa a ajHHM a ix, KaMeHb joyra mbiy ajaeHHe, naxyjb ajHa öaöa He nanpacíja: "CmHH MHe hí Toe, hí cëe". KaMeHb ajaiH pyxay ymbiy y njano, a npyri npbimbiy aaany. 3 thx nacoy KaMeHb i nepacTay maub. na npyroMy nanaHHro, Ha KaMeHi canaey nopT i mbiy anaeHHe. ABiCTbiHHbM KyjbTaB^ia BajyH^i. rara Knac aö'anHoyBae HeanpauaBaHbia npbiponHbia BanyHbi, aKia Maroub nanbrneHHe na KynbTy nponKay. A^hh a ix yBacaönaroub HenacpanHa nponKay, npyria aBaaBarouua a ricTapbinHbiMi acoöaMi i nanaeaMi. ®oto 3: BÍHaKypaBa B. — ^opmay KaMeHb daSopcKi Capon BanyHoy, aKia y eacaößamu^b a ôazayMëmix npodKay, MöXHa Bbinynbiub KaMaHi a HaaBaMi Crapbi, flaen, flaenay KaMeHb: B.XbinoMna TponaeHcKara paëHa (T.1: 53), r.MiHcK (T.1: 41). HanpbiKnan, y MiHcKy Ha Kanimnb, aKoe npaicHaBana na nanaTKy XX ct., BanyH flaen aaöMay uaHTpanbHae Mecua. ^My axBapaBani Mën, ManaKo, bího, anpaHani Ha aro ^apTyxi, aÖBaaBani pynHiKaMi, cnaBiBani nanaTHoM. Haöniay an KaMeHa rapay cBamnaHHbi aroHb i poc BaniaHb nyö. Bonbm BanoMa BanyHoy, aBaaaHbx a ricTapbinHbiMi acoöaMi i MecuaMi ricTapbinHbix nanaeö. TaK, a HananeoHaM cyanHocaub KaMaHi Kana Boa. YKna i r.flpyi Ha Bpacnaymnbrne (T.1: 3), Kana b. ^aHa Ha Miëpmnbme, a ca Cra^aHaM BaTopaeM — KaMaHi (KaMeHHbia Kpbixbi) Kana BëcaK Bhyrnnbi floKmauKara i flayriHaBa BineöcKara paëHay. Ëcub KaMaHi A. MiuKeBina, O. BarymaBina, MapHHH MHimaK, Iaca^aTa KyHuaBina. Kana KaMeHa-cnenaBiKa naöniay b. HnaöaHayubi MacroycKara paëHa Hiöbra Maninaca KapaneBa BoHa i r.n. HepaninaHbia HaaBH — raTa yxo naaHeömbia HacnaeHHi Ha öonbm paHHia. ,n,3ÍCTMHHbM Ba^yH^i (6araBÍKÍ). 3HanHyro nacTKy raTara Knaca KynbTaBbix BanyHoy aaÖMaroub BanyHbi, aKia aBaaaHH a aabinmuKÍMi öocraaMi. TaK, KaMeHb Kana b. KpaMaHen ^aroöcKara paëHa (T.1: 35) aaBenna flaxjaböoray KaMeHb (CBaTH KaMeHb), TpH KaMaHi Maronb HaaBy napyH (BëcKi nanajH TjHÖonKara, PacxojHa CeHHeHcKara paëHay (T.1: 20), Ha öepaae Boa. flpHBaTH Kaja BpacjaBa). KaMaHi a HaaBaMi Bojac BajoMH y KpHixoynH MiHcKara paëHa (T.1: 39), Kaja b. Bojac Ha BpacjaymnHHe. KaMeHb BojaceHb arajBaenna Ha YmannHHe. flBa KaMaHi BajoMH naj HaaBaMi nacTyH (HapBeHbmnHHa i na japoae a Ceöexa y .HronHH). fla raTan rpynH KaMaHëy MoxHa jajynHnb i .HemH KaMeHb Kaja b. EjamoyKa HamHinKara paëHa. 3H.3umiu,KiMi axenpHiKüMi (mnimnaMi) 6hjí SBaaaHH BajyHH, aKia Maronb HaaBy Kanimna (b. Mocap YmanKara paëHa), AjTap (BëcKi ^HipoBinH CjoHiMcKara, McniöaBa BayKaBHcKara (T.1: 60), BepacHina CTojiHcKara (T.1: 52), XBiHaBinH flaaTjaycKara paëHay), a TaKcaMa KaMaHi, jae, na najaHHax, rapay HaaracHH aroHb (xyTap TynajbmnHSHa CMaproHcKara paëHa), a6o KaMaHi, naöjiay aKix ajÖHBajica ryjaHHi (Map'iHa TopKa nyxaBinKara, ^SHa MiëpcKara, Kaajoy Bepar BapaaiHcKara, TapojHa HapBeHbcKara paëHay). flanHHeHHe ja öhjhx aaHnHinKix axBapHiKay, BeparojHa, Maronb i BajyHH, Ha aKix ajÖHBajica naKapaHHi cMepnro (BëcKi CyTKaBa CMaproHcKara, ^HipMyHH .HijcKara, BoyKaymnHHa MiëpcKara paëHay). OHpoKa pacnaycrojxaHH y Bejapyci eanymi, hkíh, na nadaHmx, sexsaHbi s HopmaM aôo d'nômM. Y ajHociHax ja HopTaBHx BajyHoy MoxHa BHjynHnb 5 croxaTay najaHHay. Hanöojbm pacnaycrojxaHH najaHHi, y aKix nopT Hëc KaMeHb, aje npacnaBay neBeHb i nopT BHnycniy KaMeHb. 3BHnanHa KaMeHeM nopT xaney aaBajinb jaBepH xpaMa. TaKia najaHHi Marji yaHiKHynb y nacH cynpanbcTaaHHa aaHnHinTBa i xpHcniaHcTBa. nepcaHax xa neyHa xyrnay aa ycë aaxaBayca amna a jaxpHcniaHcKix nacoy. fla Hanöojbm paHHix a raTan cepHi MoxHa ajHecni HapanaHcKae najaHHe, naBojje aKora nopT öyjaBay rpaöjro i xaney ajynHnb BëcKi, aKia aHaxojaijica Ha cynpanbjerjHx öeparax, aje npacnaBay neBeHb i nopT ÖHy BHMymaHH cKoHnHnb npany. 3 xpaMaM aBaaaHH najaHHi npa KaMaHi Kaja BëcaK PaTHHnH (Ooto 4) i KaMeHb BajoxHHcKara, Bajen TjHÖonKara, CTapH narocT MiëpcKara paëHay. nepmHia TpH najaHHi ajHojbKaBHa na croxaTax. 3rojHa a ímí, nopT Hëc KaMeHb, Kaö aaBajinb jaBepH xpaMa. Y najaHHi npa cTapanarocnKi KaMeHb raBopHnna, mTo jrojai yjaeHb sbosíjí KaMaHi Ha öyjayHinTBa napKBH, a nopT aa Hon nepaKijay ix Ha jpyri öepar. TajH KaMeHb KpaBen nepaTBapHyca y BojaTa i KojbKi KaMaHëy nopT nepaKiHe npaa paKy, to BojaT aMy Haaaj yjBaa öojbm. Aj raTara caöpajaca cTojbKi KaMaHëy, mTo xanija naöyjaBanb napKBy. OMaT najaHHay icHye npa HopTaBH cjajKi (KaMaHi-cjejaBiKi), (HopTay cTyneHb y TajbmaHax AmMaHcKara, flaepayHon .HaroncKara paëHay i iHm.). npa KaMeHb HopTay cjej Kaja b. ByjaBimKi-SKyöaHnH Kaxynb, mTo y KaMeHi xHy nopT i ajaeKaBayca a npaxojaanHx MiMa jrojaen. Y najaHHi npa KaMeHb Kaja b. PacajbmnHaHa IyeycKara paëHa ^irypye j'aöaj. Ëh naKiHyy Ha KaMeHi cjej, Kaji npapoK Ijja raay aro a aaMji. HacTa nopT BHcTynae y aKacni Kpayna ni mayna. AjjrocTpaBaHHeM aaHnHinKix cBaTay janmji ja Hac najaHHi npa THa KaMaHi, Kaja aKix HiÖHTa aöipajica napni i TaHbnHji, a y noyHan nyjica nicK i rpyKaT. TaK, npa KaMeHb HopTaBH jynKi Ha TpojaeHmnHHe raBopHnna, mTo TaM y noyHan aöipajica napni i KaTaji na aMKax KaMeHbnHKi. Y najaHHi npa KaMeHb Kaja B.Bajen TjHÖonKara paëHa nopT TaHbnHy i aj aro naTaK aacTajica jaipKi. D,iKaBae najaHHe npa KaMeHb a ajTyjiHan Kaja b. XyKayKa BijencKara paëHa. naKyjb nopT ÖHy MajajHM, to Maja jyMay npa cBaro racnajapKy, a naj cTapacnb híxto He aaxaney aro KapMinb i npHnmjoca aMy caMoMy ajaÖHBanb exy. 3paöiy ëH a KaMeHa xopHbi i naKiay ix Ha Boa. y flapoae KoHb craMiyca i He Mor 6oibm iarayib Boa. HopT nanay 6iib KaHa i Toft cKiHyy KaMeHb y KaHaBy. Ëcib KaMHHi s HaseaM i Eomu a6o Cenmu KaMeHb (BëcKi flyÖHiKi .HroöaHcKara, KpaMaHei ^aroöcKara paëHay). ®oto 4: BÍHaKypaBa B. — ^opmay KaMeHb pamuHcKi fla öbiibix aa^iHHiiKÍx cBaTHHb aflHocaiia i mbipoKa BafloMbia Eapucaeu KaMHHi a Ha^nicaMi XII ct. BafloMbi 7 noMHiKay a TaKoft HaaBaft. ^hh Maroib xapaKTapHbia BHaBH Kpbixa i Ha^nicbi THny 'Tocnofli, noMoai paöy cBoeMy Bopncy". Haib TaKix KaMaHëy aHaxoflaaiia y panbim^bi 3axoflHaft flaBiHbi (aflaiH Kaia HoiaiKa, tph Kaia r.flaicHbi, aflaiH y r.n.flpyi) i flBa Ha Boflanaflaeie flHanpa i 3axoflHaft flaBiHbi Kaia BëcaK flaaTiaBa ApmaHcKara (T.l: 23) i Bhcokí Tapaflaei CeHHeHcKara paëHay. AflaiH a BapbicaBbix KaMaHëy (Cyiiöop XpacT), mTo 6biy Kaia flaicHbi, y KaHibi MiHyiara cTaroflflaa nepaBeflaeHbi y MacKBy i aapaa aHaxoflaiiia y Myaei-aanaBeflHiKy "KaioMeHcKae". KaMeHb, mTo iaxay Kaia b. HaflKacieibibi (T.l: 1), y 1981 r. nepaBeaeHH fla Ca^iftcKara caöopa y HoiaiKy. flpyftcKi KaMeHb (T.l: 3) aapaa noyHaciro naKpbiTbi Bafloft (Bycie p. flpyftKi npbi ynaflaeHHi ae y 3axoflHroro flaBiHy). AcTaTHia BapbcaBH KaMaHi 6biii aHimnaHH. KpwnTareHHbia BMyHbi — raTa aö'eKTbi, aKia naKyib mTo Heibra a ynayHeHaciro aflHecii fla aKora-Heöyflab a BbimaftHaaBaHbix Kiacay. fla KpbinTareHHbix aflHeceHbi BaiyHH a BHeMKaMi poaHaft ^opMbi, aMKaMi, Hepacmbi^paBaHbiMi MairoHKaMi, aHaKaMi, HaflnicaMi. Bayu s eueMKaMi i hmkümí aa^iKcaBaHbi y BëcKax BoyKaymnbrna i BepTaymnbrna MiëpcKara (T.l: 7), MaxipaBa HoiaiKara (T.l: 10), HaiamK BayKaBbicKara (flaeBa Biroflac), AcaBei ^roöaHcKara, BoiMa CMaiaBiiKara (T.l: 42), ^eöeflaeBa Manan3enaHcKara (T.l: 33), Banen Tnb5onKara (T.l: 9), BaninKi i KanTapyHbi nacTaycKara paëHay (T.l: l4) i iHm. nanaHHi a5 ix caMbia pa3HacTaÖHbia. HacTKa TaKix a5'eKTay Moxa 5bmb 3Ba3aHa 3 KynbTaM nponKay.