Mladinski List A Magazine for SNPJ Juveniles September 1941 'k i ★ ★ ★ ★ i i ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ i ★ 'k ★ i ★ * ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ i ★ ★ ★ ★ 5 S ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ 5 ★ i i ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ S ★ i ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ . ★ ★ ★ i ★ ★ ■S Mladinski List ************************************************************************ * ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ S ★ s 5 ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ ★ JUVENILE Editor ---Business Manager - IVAN MOLEK PHILIP GODINA CONTENTS OF SEPTEMBER ISSUE Vsebina septembrske številke STORIES, POEMS, ETC. Page Billy’s Visit with the Flowers......................................... 5 “Gostilna” (pesem) ................................................... 1 Janko in Metka......................................................... 3 Moment (pesem) ........................................................ 1 Pismo (pesem) ....................................................... 10 Povest o pravici....................................................... 6 ARTICLES Kitolovci .............................................................10 Page for Advisers of Juvenile Circles, A...............................26 FEATURES Birthdays of the Great Men............................................. 2 Introducing Book Friends.............................................. 32 Just for Fun......................................................... 8 Our Own Juvenile Circles of the SNPJ................................ 22 Our Pen Pals Write.....................................................27 Our School ............................................................14 Stamp Collecting ......................................................11 When We Play...........................................................12 Published monthly by the Slovene National Benefit Society for the members of its Juvenile Department. Annual subscription, $1.20; half year, 60c; foreign subscription, $1.50. Address: 2657 S. Lawndale Ave., Chicago, 111. Entered as second-class matter August 2, 1922, at the post office at Chicago, 111., under Act of August 24,1912. ¥ ¥ * ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ * ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ * ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ * ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ I ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ ¥ MLADINSKI LIST JUVENILE LETO XX—Šl. 9 CHICAGO, ILL., SEPTEMBER, 1941 VOL. XX—No. 9 MOMENT By Mary Jugg The little black dog and I And the coaster wagon were there When we met a cloud from the sky, And hailed it, and boarded it there. I know not if we spoke a word, Nor even if anyone tried, But each of us clearly the other heard— As clearly as if we had tried. And each of us, too, well understood Where it was that we were bound, And each one knew that it was good— The place where we were bound. "GOSTILNA" Katka Zupančič Jakec pa sestrica Ančica gostilno sta odprla. Cesta bo dovajala suha žejna grla. Čaka že predalček, predalček za denar; saj složno sta vložila v gostilno cel dolar. Na vse zgodaj se vrtita, Avti se pojavljajo, a drči j o mimo . . . — Cena previsoka? nobeden ne lenari, Dan se lep obeta, solnce ne skopari. — Ceno spremenimo! Kozarci so pripravljeni, pripravljene limone. Pa še leda velik kos, in vode tri galone. Opoldansko solnce stajalo je led. Topilo se je upanje, veselja zadnja sled. Solnce že za goro gre, predalček še je prazen; limone so vse sparjene, Srce kakor kamen . . . Birthdays of the Great Men By LOUIS BENIGER JAMES FENIMORE COOPER James Fenimore Cooper, American novelist and satirist, was born on September 15, 1789, at Burlington, New Jersey. He was brought up at Cooperstown, New York, a town which was, in his boyhood, a simple frontier settlement. His father was a judge and member of Congress, and sent the boy to school first to Albany and then to New Haven. He entered Yale College in his fourteenth year, remaining for some time the youngest student on the rolls. Cooper never completed his studies. After two years in Yale, he left college and undertook life on the sea. It was not until he was past thirty years of age that he turned his hand to writing. His first novel, “Precaution,” was of little value except to prove his ability. But when he wrote a war-story, “The Spy,” based on actual war experiences, his success was greater. Better still was his achievement in “The Pilot,” a tale which employed his own sea experiences placed against a historical background. And he worked the richest vein of all when he wrote “The Pioneers,” which was a development of his own frontier life. This was later expanded into the whole series which included “The Deerslayer”, “The Last of the Mohicans,” “The Pathfinder”, and “The Prairie.” In this connection it is interesting to know that Cooper’s best novel, “The Last of the Mohicans”—also “The Spy”—was translated vito nearly all the languages of Europe, including the Slovene. The novel, filmed twice, is valued especially because of its vivid description of the struggles between the Indians and the white men. It is said by some critics that if Cooper’s productions were limited to the list mentioned above, the loss of all others would not greatly affect his fame. It is also claimed that his prolonged stay abroad influenced his whole subsequent career as a literary man, and led him to write in essay style comments and criticisms on the way of Americans, Englishmen, and Europeans. Nevertheless, his judgments were sound, although his man- ner of expressing them was then considered offensive. For he did not try to serve undesirable truths with beautiful trimmings of good-humor. As a result, his critics denounced him severely. Cooper later showed his disapproval of his countrymen’s shortcomings in such novels “with a purpose” as “The Monikins”, “Homeward Bound”, and “Home as Found.” Then he suggested in his other writings how Old-World civilization might be improved by the adoption of certain New-World standards of thought and action. Throughout his later career Cooper wrote two sorts of novels on which his fame is rightly based: the sailor yarns and the tales of pioneer life. However, it is said that in, these books he committed the faults which are common to authors who write fast and abundantly. These have been most aggressively set forth by Mark Twain in an essay on Cooper’s literary offenses. Most of Cooper’s male characters are conventional, and his women are considered “all sappy as maples and flat as a prairie.” Yet, in spite of these seeming defects, he shows fine creative power. Balzac and Victor Hugo, the two great French writers, admired him greatly. It is to be noted that three of his novels, “The Bravo”, “The Heidenmauer”, and “The Headsman,” were designed to exalt the common people at the expense of the aristocracy. As a satirist and observer Cooper wrote six volumes of books. In all, he wrote thirty-three novels. While his qualities are not those of the great masters of fiction, as stated above, he had an inexhaustible imagination, and a fine narrative power. On the other hand, his style is considered awkward and his vocabulary limited. Cooper shared the honors with his contemporary, Washington Irving (author of “Rip Van Winkle,” “Sleepy Hollow,” etc.), succeeding as eminently with the novel as Irving did with the essay. Like Irving, he shows in his books not only his training at home but his experiences abroad as well. James Fenimore Cooper died on September 14, 1851, at Cooperstown, New York. JANKO IN METKA (Nadaljevanje.) “Primoj trikrat, prav tisto klobaso bom sunil!!” zastoče Tonač. “Ne boš je, ne!” de Janko. “Človek ne sme nikoli obupati. Kadar se vdaš, si izgubljen!” Tonač se nato kar lepo vda in tako jo režeta po zamrznjenih ulicah venkaj na gmajno. Bolj pa se bližata domu, bolj počasi hodita, ker prihajata praznih rok in Metka se vendar tako zelo veseli kruha, ki ga že toliko dni ni videla ne okusila. Janko se že ozira po vranah. Kraka, oponaša jih. Niti ene nikjer! Zletele so bliže hiš, tamkaj je več odpadkov. Potrkata in ko jima Metka odpre, stopita v izbo. Metka se muza in ničesar ne reče. Nenadoma oba hkrati ostrmita: na mizici je kruh, sir in meso ... in srebrniki! Spogledata se, Tonač se praska za ušesi, od veselja zacmoka z jezikom. Janko pa pograbi Metko in jo dvigne v zrak. “Ti čarovnica mala, kaj pa se je zgodilo?” Potlej pa ni pripovedovanja ne konca ne kraja. Poslušata, strmita, Tonač je prepoln spoštovanja do pajacev in Metka rase v njunih očeh. Zdajci prično vrane krakati nad hišico. Tonač plane k okencu in jim vošči srečno pot. 8 V začetku naslednjega tedna so imeli vse pripravljeno; Metkine pajace, Snegulčico in palčke, ter srno in lovca in igrače, ki jih je Janko popravil. Zares, pravcata zaloga igrač. Tonač je opral naj lepšo vrečo, lepo in varno so zložili vanjo vse te drobne in lične reči in hajdi v mesto! Metka je hotela na vsak način z njima, saj ji je trgovec zabičal, da mora pajace sama prinesti. Končno pa je pajace sama sešila in ima zatorej vso pravico odločati. Kajpada sta jo oblekla kar najtopleje, skrbno so zaklenili hišico in že so bili na stezi. Tonač je nosil vrečo, Janko je pazil na deklico, ki je bila zelo, zelo vesela, da je šla 2 njima. Veselila se je vsega, kar je videla in četudi je bilo mraz, se je prijetno hodilo, ker je bila pot gladka in pomrznjena. Tone Seliškar Ta dan se je pričenjal miklavžev semenj. Stojnice medičarjev so bile že postavljene, otroci so se podili med njimi, piskali na piščali in se dražili z miklavževkami in korobači. Janko je vzel svoje igrače iz vreče, jih na vrvici privezal okoli pasu, da so bile vidne ter dejal: “Vidva pa stopita k trgovcu in dobro opravita. Potlej se vrnita semkaj!” Trgovine zares ni bilo težko najti. Na trgu sta zagledala napis trgovca z igračami, kakor se je glasil na listku. Trgovina je bila velika. Pred izložbami se je gnetla otročad. Majhen vlak je s prižganimi lučkami švignil po tirnicah, aeroplani so se vrteli izpod stropa, po hribcih in dolinah pa je divjala pravcata vojska; vojaki peš in na konju, topovi, strojnice in tanki. “S takimi hudimi rečmi se ne bi smeli igrati otroci!” je zamrmral Tonač, ko se je spomnil svetovnega klanja. “Kaj si dejal, stric?” ga je vprašala Metka. “Kar stopiva noter!” je dejal Tonač, ne da bi ji odgovoril. Ker je bila zgodnja ura in malo kupcev, so pritekli uslužbenci iz vseh kotov in nekateri so se klanjali že spotoma in govorili prijazno: “Klanjam se, dobro jutro, kaj pa želite, gospod?” Toda, ko so videli, da je prišlec le ubog invalid, se jim je trgovsko navdušenje poleglo in nekdo ga je nagovoril čisto po človeško: “Ali boste kaj kupili, očka?” “Z gospodarjem bi rad govoril,” je dejal Tonač. “Iz te moke ne bo kruha!” de uslužbenec. “Še pogača bo!” se je zasmejal Tonač. “Nemogoče! Z gospodarjem ne morete govoriti, oče. Kaj pa mu hočete?” ga vprašuje uslužbenec. “Pajace sva mu prinesla!” pravi Metka. “Pajace—?” se čudi prodajalec. “Pajace, pajace in gospodar je naročil dekletu, da jih mora sama prinesti, vi strigalica gosposka in čeprav sem le ubog invalid, malce bolj vljudni bi bili lahko!” Uslužbenec se je pobral nekam v ozadje in vsi so bili poparjeni. Zdaj so se spomnili, da je gospodar na vsa usta hvalil pajace, ki so jih še isti dan vse prodali. “Da ne boste čakali, vas bom kar v njegovo stanovanje peljal!” je dejal poslovodja. Trgovec je stanoval v prvem nadstropju nad trgovino. Že poprej je Tonač poizvedel, da je od sile bogat in da sta z ženo vred zelo nesrečna, ker nimata otrok. Ko ju je sobarica odvedla v sprejemno sobo, se je Tonač nenadoma znašel na tleh. Na gladkem parketu mu je izpodrsnilo in bilo ga je hudo smešno videti, četudi je bil precej spet na nogah. Nemalo se je jezil in robantil, ko sta bila z Metko sama v sobi. “Stokrat raje sem pa že v naši kajži, ko tule, kjer se še vsesti nimam kam!” je godrnjal. “Saj si se vsedel na tla, stric!” se je smejala Metka. “Boš tiho!” se je razhudil Tonač. “Oh, saj nisem nič hudega rekla!” je vzkliknila Metka. Tedaj pa je že nekdo vrata odprl in gospod, ki je bil oni dan na lovu, je stal v sobi. Z njim je prišla tudi njegova žena in ko je zagledala Metko, je vzkliknila: “Kako lep otrok! Kajne, ti si Metka?” Pobožala jo je po licu in se je kar nagledati ni mogla. “Pajace sem prinesla,” je dejala Metka v zadregi. “Sedite in pokrepčajte se malce!” je dejal trgovec Tonaču in mu natočil v lep kozarček dišečega žganja. Oh, Tonač je zaduhal vabljivi vonj žganja, segel je po kozarčku in ga dvignil. Napravil je prav majhen požirek, nato še enega in potem je zvrnil žganje vase. Ah . . .! Toda, ko mu je hotel trgovec v drugo naliti, je odklonil. Ne, hvala, dovolj! Janku je dal svojo možato besedo, da se nikoli več ne bo napil in besede ni maral prelomiti. Kar obrnil se je od kozarčka. Metka pa je ta čas že potegnila iz vreče svoje pajace. Razpotavila jih je lepo na mizo po skupinah in če si pogledal te pisane igrače, si se moral čuditi. Bile so preproste, pa vendar žive in učinkovite. “Ti si pravcata umetnica!” je dejala gospa, ko je občudovala igrače. Toda še bolj ko igrače, je gledala Metko. Bila je z njo tako dobra in mila, da se je Metka prav nič ni bala in odgovarjala ji je tako srčno, da jo je gospa kar v naročje potegnila in dejala svojemu možu: “Poglej, ali ni srčkan otrok!” Mož ji je odgovoril nekaj po tuje in tedaj se je gospejin obraz še bolj razveselil. “Ali bi hotela ostati pri nas, Metka?” je vabljivo vprašala otroka. Tonač je debelo pogledal. Sprva ni mogel verjeti, pa tudi Metka je plašno pogledala strica. Toda trgovec je razložil: “Midva z ženo sva sama, dolgčas je nama. Že večkrat sva nameravala vzeti k sebi kakega otroka, pa nama ni nihče prav ugajal. Metka pa je obema kar v srce planila. Dobro se ji bo godilo pri nas, ničesar ji ne bo manjkalo in otrok je prav za prav sirota . . . Midva mu bova dobra roditelja!” Ko je trgovec razlagal vse to Tonaču, je gospa odvedla Metko s seboj. Razkazovala ji je sobe in sto prelepih reči, da se je Metki zdelo, kakor da hodi skozi same pravljice. “Vidiš, Metka, to bo tvoja posteljica!” ji je govorila gospa in Metka je pogladila svileno odejo in se je gledala v velikem, brušenem zrcalu. Vse je potipala. “Če ti bo dolgčas, bo ta punčka spala pri tebi,” ji je dejala gospa in ji dala veliko, lepo punčko, ki je lahko gibala z rokami in nogami in oči je odpirala in zapirala. Če jo je položila na posteljico, je zamižala, če jo je dvignila, je spet pogledala, kakor da bi bila živa. Potem sta šli še v trgovčevo sobo. Gospa je dvignila telefonsko školjko in zaklicala v trgovino: “Prinesite semkaj nekaj najlepših plaškov za otroke!” Trgovec pa je presenečenemu Tonaču govoril: “Le pomislite, in priznati mi boste morali, da bo tako za Metko najbolje! Pošiljali jo bomo v šolo. Dekle je spretno in razumno in čeprav vidva zares lepo skrbita zanjo, vendar je to vse premalo. Vse to, kar ste mi pripovedovali o Janku in Metki je zelo lepo in genij ivo, toda prav to mi da misliti, da čakajo Metko še hudi časi. Četudi se njeni svojci niso brigali zanjo, lahko pa jo iščejo in zahtevajo nazaj in potem bosta imela sitnosti z oblastjo, dekle pa se bo moralo vrniti k svoji hudi teti. Ako pa ostane pri meni, bom to stvar takoj uredil, ker imam vplivne znance vsepovsod. No, recite, mar ni tako za otroka najbolje?” (Dalje prihodnjič) Billy's Visit with the Flowers “Naughty old dandelion—ruining our nice lawn. I’m going to pull you right out and throw you far away—there now, and don’t come back.” Billy threw the yellow-faced flower over the fence, and it lay there on the ground face down. But as Billy watched it for awhile, he thought he saw the flower grow bigger and bigger, and as he rubbed his eyes, the flower appeared to rise and stand up. At the same time, he was getting smaller and smaller. This frightened him very much, but then he thought he heard someone speaking to him. Upon looking around, he saw the yellow dandelion, now standing tall and erect, smiling at him. “Don’t be afraid, Billy,” she said. “The flowers are your friends, and I will introduce them to you.” “First, I may tell you that my name is Dainty Dandelion, and I’ll take you to see my family, the Dandelions. Maybe you think they’re just weeds and want to kill them off, but come to my home and let my grand-daddy tell you a story.” Billy didn’t have to walk far before he met quite a number of Dainty’s relations, and grandpa Dandelion was soon in the mood for telling his favorite story: “Oh yes, my forefathers came from Europe, but some traveled also in Asia. Shepherds called us their clock because it was five in the morning when we opened and eight in the evening when we closed. Nowadays children try to blow off all our puffball heads to see if their mother is waiting for them.” “But if you lived in Europe and Asia, how did you come to America?” Billy wondered. “Oh, our family was always energetic and adventurous, and it was long ago that our first ancestors came here. This country was then mostly wilderness, inhab- ited almost entirely by the Indians, but regardless they liked it and stayed.” Dainty Dandelion seeing that granddaddy would be talking on and on slipped little Billy away so she could show him other flowers and their families. “See, we’re not the only travelers,” she told him. “Look at that bunch of pinks and sweet williams, carnations and pansies.” “Oh, but surely they must be native flowers,” answered Billy, “I remember them growing here always.” “Oh, my no,” remarked Dainty. “All those flowers came from England. Over there the mignonette is the best traveler of all for she came from India.” “India,” exclaimed Billy, “is also in Asia.” “Yes,” answered Dainty, “and over there is the daffodil about which a beautiful legend is known.” “Oh, I love to hear legends,” said Billy. “Tell it to me.” “Well, as you know, most flowers have a long history, and naturally, there are legends of how the flowers did originate. For instance, the one about the daffodil is that in ancient times a young handsome Greek saw his reflection as he looked into a pool of water. He became so entranced by his own good looks that he gazed for such a long time into the pool and admired himself that right there he was changed into a flower, and this flower now bears his name.” “Oh,” gasped Billy, “that must have been awful.” “Well, at least we are fortunate in having such a beautiful flower as the daffodil,” Dainty replied. “Now, do you see that bunch of flowers over in the corner?” “Why yes,” said Billy, “they’re our lilies-of-the valley.” “That’s right, and perhaps you’d like to hear a little story about them,” remarked Dainty. “Oh, yes, please tell me,” said Billy. “Well, it seems that a long time ago, the little flowers could play around all night, but when the rosy flush of dawn appeared, they had to scamper back to their homes and (Continued on page 7) POVEST O PRAVICI Stana Vinšek “Čuj, soseda,” je rekel ondan stric Šime Roba-jevi mami, tale tvoj Mihec pa ga res malo preveč lomi!” “'Lomi ga, lomi,” je vzdihnila žena, “pa kako naj si pomagam? Odkar mi je umrl mož, moram sama skrbeti za vso kopico otrok in komaj zmorem toliko, da ne stradajo—pa mi je ta šmentani fant kar zrastel čez glavo. Očeta mu manjka, moške roke je potreben pa brezove masti, da bi spet vedel, kaj je dobro in prav!” “Da, da, tako je, tako,” je pritrdil stric Šime, “res škoda, da ti je ubilo starega. Zdaj pa, če ga ti ne boš ugnala, pa ga bo ugnalo življenje—in to tepe bolj trdo kot očetova roka.” Vdova je vzdihnila in si skrivaj z žuljavo roko obrisala solzo—saj niti potožiti ni smela, kaj šele pokarati, ko je pa koj zrasel njen drugorojeni, njen Miha, ki je lastil vso oblast in vse pravice v hiši, odkar ni bilo več očeta. Tak fant, smrkavec še pravzaprav po letih, pa je mislil, da ga mora radi njegove res izredne telesne moči vse ubogati in da so mati, bratje in sestre samo radi njega na svetu. Nace, najstarejši, je želel le v miru delati in živeti—pa Mihi ni bilo bratovega dela nikdar dovolj, vedno se je usajal nad njim in mu grenil življenje, kjer je le mogel. Po običajih in navadi bi imel najstarejši za materjo prvo besedo pri hiši, toda Miha je s svojo neugnano trmo in častihlepnostjo kmalu prijel za vajeti in poveljeval, kot bi bil on po vsej pravici pravi gospodar vse domačije. Pohlevni in malo brezbrižni Nace se je kmalu udal. Jože, tretji, izredno darovit, a slaboten deček, je gojil eno samo gorečo željo: da bi šel v mestne šole—in ta želja bi se mu tudi izpolnila, če ne bi bilo Mihe. Ta pa je bil gluh za vse bratove prošnje in materino prigovarjanje, še učiteljeva beseda ni nič zalegla: Jože je moral delati doma kot mali hlapec, čeprav je od žalosti in prenapora kar vidno hiral in kopnel. Vsak dan je bil tudi vik in krik radi Janka, najmlajšega izmed bratov, ponosnega in samosvojega dečka, ki se je vedno spet upiral bratovemu nasilju, a se je moral naposled radi ljubega miru le spet škripajočih zob udati v usodo. Toda iz vedrega, nadarjenega fanta je tako postal mrk, zagrenjen in sam vase zaprt otrok, ki ni mislil na kaj drugega kot na to, kako bi starejšemu bratu nagajal in se mu osvetil. In Francka? Materi so se kar oči orosile, če se je spomnila te svoje najmlajše. Nežna punčka je, komaj je dobro shodila, pričela klekljati čudno lepe čipke. Naučila jo je bila te umetnosti pokojna stara mati, ki je bila nekje od Žirov doma. Franckini šibki prstki so bili kar čudovito spretni in nihče ne bi bil mislil od teh malih umotvorih, da jih je izdelal ta drobni, bledi otrok. Mati je prodajala čipke sosedam in letoviščarkam in vesela spravila denar in marsikatero besedo odkritosrčnega priznanja. To pa seveda ni bilo prav Mi- hi—da bi kdo kaj več vedel in znal kot on? In tako so klopke in bele niti žalostno visele z blazinice, Francka pa je morala delati, da so ji beli prstki kmalu postali hrapavi, trdi in okorni. “Eden mora komandirati in drugi ga morajo ubogati, drugače gre vse navzkriž,” je ugovarjal Miha vsakemu, ki mu je hotel kaj oporekati. “Jaz sem najmočnejši, zato naj ubogajo mene!” “Tepec”, mu je rekel stari stric na svoj odkriti način, “kaj res ne moreš izprevideti, da vsak ni za vse? Ti si pač za telesno delo, ti, ki si močan kot vol—drugi pa je boljši za učenje in tretji spet za kaj drugega. Vsakemu svoje! Ni drevo podobno drevesu in ne žival živali—pa naj bi bil vsak človek ravno popolnoma tak, kot je drugi?” Pa kaj ko so bile vse besede le bob v steno in je vsa družina še nadalje trpela radi Mihovega nasilja. Toda—vsaka reč ima svoj konec. Tako se je tudi pri Robarjevih kar čez noč vse izpreme-nilo. To pa je bilo tako: Obirali so črešnje, tisto veliko, ki stoji tam zadaj za hlevom. Jože in Janko sta se ponudila, da bi splezala na drevo, toda Miha ni hotel o tem nič slišati. Ni zaupal in ni privoščil bratoma, da bi skrivaj vtaknila par črešenj v usta, saj je že komaj čakal na izkupiček, da si kupi nove škornje in se postavi pri nedeljskem proščenju, da bodo vsi videli, kdo je gospodar in posestnik. “Miha, prosim te, imej vendar pamet,” ga je rotila mati, “ti si vendar pretežak—drevo je staro in krhko, veja se bo zlomila pod teboj!” Pa—Miha je pač spet sam vedel vse najbolje in tako se je zgodilo: naenkrat je ležal pod črešnjo, nezavesten in ves krvav, s polomljenimi udi. Mati in bratje so se vsi prestrašeni trudili za ponesrečenca. Francka pa je vsa v solzah hitela po soseda. “Ni take sile, ni,” je rekel stric Šime, “ampak trajalo bo pa tudi še precej časa, predno bo Miha spet igral generala v vaši bajti—če bo sploh še kdaj,” je pristavil sam zase. Izkušeni mož je imel prav. Pomagal je preplašenim, spraviti nesrečnega fanta v hišo, nato pa je nemudoma odšel, da privede zdravnika. Še predno je minila ura je bil Miha, ki se je tačas že zavedel v zasilnih obvezah, skrbno položen na voz in stric Šime ga je odpeljal v mesto. V bolnišni co. Jože ga je spremljal in se vneto trudil, da bi mu po najboljših močeh lajšal bolečine. Mati bi ga bila tudi rada spremljala, pa žalost in strah sta ji bila preveč prizadejala—sama je bila potrebna pomoči in sočutja. Več težkih, dolgih tednov je Miha ostal v bolnišnici. Kot v strašnih, morečih sanjah je preživel čudno tesnobo belih operacijskih dvoran, brezmočno je trpelo orjaško telo v bolečinah in vročini, negibno so ležali težki udi v debelih mav-čevih obvezah. Zarjovel je včasih neugnani človek v srditem, brezmočnem uporu, v divjem hrepenenju po svobodni kretnji, po svežem zraku domačih planin. Zdravje se je počasi vračalo, toda moč je kopnela, kot je kopnela zdrava rdečica v zatohlem ozračju velike bele dvorane, polne tožb in vzdihljajev. Bratje so ga pridno obiskovali in tudi sestrica Francka, in še mati se je spravila na pot, da potolaži sina. Nihče mu ni ničesar očital. Vsak je imel le toplo, tolažilno besedo in kak priboljšek tudi nikdar ni pozabil prinesti s seboj. Vsem sq je silno smilil in vsi so še prekmalu uvideli, da nikdar več ne bo isti, kot je bil pred nezgodo. “Kako je doma? Kaj delate? Ste že spravili na veliki njivi?” Vse je hotel vedeti okrevajoči in čudno bridko mu je bilo ob misli, da gre tudi brez njega vse svojo pravo pot, mirno in v redu. Sedaj, ko je orjak ure in ure negibno ležal v svojih težkih obvezah, je prvič imel čas, da je malo premislil svoje preteklo življenje—na bodoče si ni upal misliti. Premislil in spoznal je, da so na svetu še druge moči, silnejše, dragocenejše in bogatejše od surove sile, moči, ki ustvarjajo in zidajo ne samo za hipno sedanjost, temveč tudi za srečnejšo bodočnost. Pohlevnega, resnega in vase pogreznjenega pohabljenca so spravili domači z vso ljubeznijo domov, v hišo, kjer je vladalo odslej najlepše soglasje in medsebojno razumevanje. Za Miho sta vneto skrbeli mati in sestrica, čipkarica Francka. Kaj spretno jima je pomagal študent Jože, v poznejših letih znan zdravnik in pomočnik revnih in zatiranih. Brat Nace je spretno vodil gospodarstvo, ki je pred njegovo mirno roko uspevalo in cvetelo. Janko, nekdanji neugnanec, je postal mehanik in je pozneje, po vojaški službi, kar ostal pri letalcih. Meja domačega posestva mu je ostala preozka in skoraj že tudi meja vse lepe domovine. “Enkrat te vzamem s seboj, Miha,” je obljubljal bratu, “da boš videl, kako širok je svet.” Ta pa je žalostno odkimal. Spoznal je bil, da je bil vse preveč zahteval sam zase, zahteval na račun drugih. Zato je imel danes manj kot vsi ostali. “Revež,” je vzdihnil stari stric ko se je spomnil nanj, “pa saj sem mu vedno pravil: Pravica ni samo za enega.” Nikdar več ni Miha popolnoma okreval, nikdar več ni bil “general”, nikdar več tisti, ki bi imel edini pravico vsem gospodovati—zato pa je živel v mirnem prijateljstvu in spoštovanju svojih domačih, svojih sosedov in prijateljev. “Da, da,” je vzdihnil včasih, “zdaj vem, kar nisem hotel vedeti prej: pravica ni za enega, pravica je za vse.” “Tako je,” mu je pritrdil stric Šime. In tako mu pritrdimo tudi mi. Smile and Play SMILE! S-m-i-l-e! Frowns and sighs do not pay. A cheerful frame of mind Will drive the blues away. PLAY! P-l-a-y! And laugh and sing and smile. You'll find these pleasant things Will make the hours worth while. —Gren. Kleiser. BILLY'S VISIT WITH THE FLOWERS (Continued from Page 5) remain there during the day. It seems that the Violet, Buttercup and Daisy were three lively youngsters, and they could never remember to come home at daybreak, so that the Fairy Queen thinking to punish them, gave each little cup to be filled full with dew and brought back to her in the morning. The following night the little flowers hung the cups on a blade of grass and went scampering away, and again didn’t remember about the queen’s command. The sun was shining brightly when they remembered the cups, but then there was no dew on the ground and their fairy godmother had changed the cups with her wand into tiny blossoms to grow on the grass. Of course, the flowers cried and the Queen was disappointed, but the bell-shaped lilies-of-the-valley still delight our hearts with their fragrance and beauty.” “Oh, Dainty, you know so many beautiful stories. I never thought flowers had such an interesting background. Tell me more—” “There’s a great many more things I could tell you; for instance, a lot of these flowers belong to the same family. They’re perhaps first or second cousins, but still classed as of the same family,” Dainty explained. “But now it’s growing late, and the sun is already sending out its last golden tinges. The sky has turned a violet blue. Your mother will worry about you, so some other day, I’ll take you again to show you more of our flowers.” “But when?” called Billy. Already he found himself growing taller and the dandelion had disappeared. He rubbed his eyes and sure enough, he was safe and sound in his own garden. Across the fence was still lying the dandelion he had thrown away. But as he looked, it seemed to turn its head and smile. —Ernestine Jugg. OUR FRONTISPIECE The picture of butterfly on the front cover of this issue was drawn by DOROTHY DERMOTTA, 17, Avella, Pa., a member of Lodge 292 SNPJ, whose excellent drawings are well known to ths Mladinski List readers. JUST FOR FUN By Ernestine Jugg This month being September, the month some of you must return to school, we won’t tax your brains with real difficult puzzles because you really won’t have so much time to work on them, especially since it’s the first month of school, and you will all be very busy getting back into stride. Maybe just to sharpen your wits a little, we’ll start you off with our Brain Teasers 1. If you add one letter in front and one behind the word erie, it will form an entirely different word meaning a continued succession of things. Of course, both the first and last letters should be the same. 2. A mother is three times as old as her daughter. In ten years she will be twice as old. How old is the mother at present? 3. The moon’s diameter is about a. one-sixteenth, b. one eighth, c. one-fourth that of the Earth’s. * X-AM Here are several names of mythological characters. Can you identify them by matching them properly? 1. Appollo—Beauty 2. Bacchus—Sun 3. Venus—Moon 4. Cupid—Wine 5. Diana—Love * ANOTHER MIX-MATCH In the first column is a list of famous people and in the second are their nicknames. Can you solve the puzzle? 1. Lincoln 1. Broncho Buster 2. Joan of Arc 2. Old Hickory 3. Joe Louis 3. Rail Splitter 4. Jack Dempsey 4. Brown Bomber 5. Theodore Roosevelt 5. Maid of Orleans 6. Andrew Jackson 6. Manassa Mauler * DO YOU KNOW IT? Only one of the definitions to these words is correct. Try your skill in solving them. 1. Zoology is: 1. Study of the rocks, 2. Study of the different planets and the solar system, 3. Science of the natural history of animals. 2. A widgeon is: 1. A piece of metal, 2. Migratory bird, 3. A food eaten by people of the North. 3. If a man greets another man with “Hay Duffer” or “Hi, Dub,” they probably play which game together? 1. Golf, 2. Pinochle, 3. Baseball, 4. Chess. 4. The apartment house of the American Indian was called a 1. Tepee, 2. Pueblo, 3. Igloo, 4. Wigwam. PUZZLERS 1. This one is a pie puzzler. A baker baked four different kinds of pies and was carting them over to the bakery. His cart tipped over and the pie labels fell off. When he picked them up, they were all mixed-up, like this: 1. cheap, 2. pleap, 3. lump, 4. sinair. Can you figure the names of the pies? 2. We nvoo nwo a new automobile, and we nwo it last night. Can you change the italic-lettered words so that the sentence will have a clear meaning? 3. In the following familiar sentence all the vowels are missing. Can you supply them so that the words will be complete? You will find 5 a’s, 8 e’s and 1 i missing if you look real hard— “Mny brv hrts r sip n th dp.” MIDGET POEMS Can you fill in the most appropriate word in the little rhymes: 1. Little fly upon the wall Ain’t got no----------at all. 2. When a darkey boy a melon did see He took one look and to it did--------------. 3. The sun was bright and John did burn Cause he lay on his back and forget to- 4. My parents get the Prosveta And I am oh so gay, For I receive the M. L. Cause I’m a member of--------------. What do you know about the following? 1. Where is the highest railroad bridge in the world? 2. True or false—The smoke of a train goes the opposite way to the train. 3. True or false—John Adams was a signer of the Declaration of Independence. 4. “Heart of America” is the nickname of Kansas City, Mo.—True or false. * SCRAMBLED CARS Can you tell what makes the following cars are? 1- hans 4. lpy oumth 2. cubik 5. dorf 3. Dark Cap 6. Leer Thovc (Answers on inside back cover page) Carried Away John—People are carried away with everything I make. Mike—You must turn out some very artistic stuff. John—No, I just make stretchers. FIND THE ANIMALS By Dorothy Sedey, 209 Adams Avenue, Eveleth, Minnesota, age 17. Lodge 69. F X B L N 2 F A F i 0 w 1 B 'R / E CN H R L E G- R ■R Y & n T 0 S F T 0 N T 0 1? B D T K hi L u y £ B The names of fifteen animals may be found in the following square by starting with the “c” in-divated by arrow and continuing to form the name of an animal (as illustrated). From the last letter of the preceding animal continue in the square to form others. (Answers on inside back cover page) DARLING OF THE PARADE An eye catcher, the darling of toy and pet parade at Yorkville, as reported by the Aurora Beacon-News, Sunday, July 27, 1941, was tiny blonde Betty Zvanut, of Aurora (111.), six year old majorette of the Aurora drum and bugle corps children unit who led the parade and twirled the baton at the head of the procession. Little Betty, as described above, is a member of the SNPJ Juvenile department, Lodge No. 429, Aurora, 111., and a daughter of Bro. Joe Zvanut, the treasurer for many years of the same Lodge. Find the Slovene Names There were six anglicized Slovene names in the list of twelve in the August issue of the ML. Here they are: Collins—Kolenc Kiss—Kiš^ Jeffery—Žefran Debolock—Debeljak Burke—Burkeljca Boston—Boštjančič Clara Ann Lenich, age 15, ber of Lodge No. 209, found in the list, but she is correct only in one, that of Boston (Boštjančič). Here follows another list of twelve names for this month. Six of these names are anglicized Slovene ones. Can you point them out? Stevenson Wheeler Wilson Preottle Clark Streeter English Ingersoll Morrison Coleman Gorance Seneca Nokomis, 111., a mem-"nine" Slovene names Sleep It Off Professor (sternly)—When the room settles down I will begin the lecture. Student—Why don’t you go home and sleep it off? He Used It Mother—Junior, you must not forget to use the napkin. Sonny—Well, I’m using it, mother. I’ve got the dog tied under the table with it. KITOLOVCI Katera je naj večja žival na svetu? Mnogi izmed vas si mislijo: naj večja žival na svetu je gotovo slon! Motite se, ni tako. Oglejte si kita. Ta velikanski prebivalec morja je pač naj večje živeče bitje na vsem svetu. Poznamo več vrst kitov, največji izmed teh je višnjevi kit ali tako imenovani kit velikan. Tak kit meri časih tudi dobrih 32 m v dolžino in tehta do 150,000 kg. Če bi imeli velikansko tehtnico in bi položili na eno stran takšnega kita, bi morali postaviti na drugo stran tehtnice kakih 3600 šolarjev, da bi bili kos kitovi teži. Če si pa hočeš dolžino prav zamisliti, primerjaj svojo telesno višino z zgornjim številom. Svoje dni je bilo v vseh morjih mnogo kitov, zdaj pa so postali že dokaj redki, ker so jih ljudje prelakomno lovili in pokončavali. V zadnjih 40 letih je bilo ulovljenih več ko milijon kitov. Če bi jih zložili v vrsto, drugega poleg drugega, bi lahko napravili krog okoli vse zemlje. Zato ni čudno, da so nekatere države vzele kita v varstvo in da je lov na kite v mnogih predelih prepovedan. V prejšnjih časih, ko so ljudje lovili kita iz navadnih čolnov na vesla, je moral imeti vsak kito-lovec hrabro srce. Kajti zadostoval je majhen udarec z repom ogromne živali, da se je čoln razletel, in je kit z lahkoto pregrizel človeško telo. Posebno težaven in tvegan je bil zmerom lov na samice, ki so v strahu za mladiče takoj napadle lovske čolne in se spustile z njimi v borbo. Lovci pa tedaj niso poznali drugega orožja kakor preproste harpune. Ker pa je lov na kite zmerom obetal velik dobiček, so se vedno spet našli pogumni možje, ki so se ukvarjali s tem poslom. Iz kitove masti so tovarne izdelovale gorilno olje. V drobovju bolnih kitov so lovci pogostokrat našli lepo dišečo gobasto snov, tako imenovano ambro, ki jo rabijo pri izdelavi dragocenih vonjil in kolinskih voda. Danes lovijo kite največ zaradi masti, ki služi kot sirovina za razne industrijske izdelke. Iz kitove masti pridobivamo milo, margarino in tudi razstrelivo za bombe in granate. Dandanes ni lov na kite več tako nevaren. Morskega velikana obkrožijo mali parniki, tako imenovani kitolovci. Ko se kit dvigne iz morja, da bi zajel sapo, ga napadejo kitolovci, ki se spretno skrivajo za ledenimi gorami. S posebnim topom izstrelijo na brezskrbno žival harpuno. Če to orožje samo ne zadostuje, napadejo lovci kita tudi z granatami, ki žival takoj ubijejo, ali pa vsaj onesposobijo za nadaljnji boj. Mrtvo žival potegnejo na parnik, ki ni prav za prav nič drugega kakor plavajoča tovarna, ki sproti predeluje posamezne dele kitovega telesa. Nič, prav nič ne gre v izgubo in kitolovci zaslužijo slej ko prej velike denarje. PISMO KATKA ZUPANČIČ Ko oče moj pismo odpira, slovesno okrog se ozira. A ko ga prebere, pa ne pove, kaj v pismu napisano je — vse z njega obraza doženem, kaj skrito je v pismu dobljenem. Če pismo pisala je duša vesela — očeta ko s toplim je žarkom ogrela: vedro je čelo mu, jasno je lice, oči se svetlikajo kakor kresnice. A se i tuga na njem očituje, če pismo le slabe novice vsebuje. Tedaj mu obraz kar vidno bledi, v oči pa se mu žalost in skrb naseli. A kadar obrvi sršeče nabira, pa z jeznim pogledom se v pismo zadira — tedaj se kar hitro po prstih odstranim nemalo sovražen vsem piscem neslanim. GOSTIJA OB SLONU Na vznožjih Ruvenzorija, velike gore v osrednji Afriki, prebiva rod črnih pritlikavcev, najmanjših prebivalcev Afrike, ki pa so kljub temu izredno spretni lovci na slone. Slone napadejo z ostrimi sulicami, navadno tako, da jih zabodejo pod trebuhom. Ko slona umore, postavijo ob njem svoje šotore in žive tam tako dolgo, da ga do kosti pospravijo v svoje sicer majhne želodce. Potem se napotijo dalje za svojo lovsko srečo, kajti ti pritlikavci ne poznajo stalnih bivališč. Njihova domovina je povsod tam, kjer najdejo dovolj hrane. Evropska civilizacija doslej še ni segla do njih, čeprav teko tudi tam v bližini že avtomobilske ceste. JUST A FEW JOKES Reformer: You noticed I placed the worm in water—it wriggles, it lives! I then place it in a glass of vile whiskey. Notice, it dies a sudden death. Does this, ladies and gentlemen, mean anything to you? Man in the audience: Yes, it means I’ll never have worms. Clerk: So you don’t want this green dress? Colored woman: Naw suh, not me! Ah’d look too much like a ton of coal in a lettuce patch. Son—Dad, do you think they’ll ever find a substitute for gasoline? Dad—Tey have one now, son; you’d better give it a trial. Son—I’ve never heard of it—what is it? Dad—Shoe leather! MARGARET POLONČIČ, 14, lodge 124,-R.F.D. 2, Union Dale, Pa. STAMP COLLECTING Commemoration of the First Stamp—II In the August issue of the Mladinski List we described stamps issued by countries of the eastern hemisphere to commemorate hundred years of adhesive postage stamps. This article tells the story of the countries in the western hemisphere which issued stamps on this occasion. Argentina issued a souvenir sheet containing five stamps and appropriate inscriptions. The five stamps were arranged with a vertical pair of stamps at either side of the fifth stamp which is lined with the pairs at the bottom. The stamps, four of which were in the denomination of five centavos, the fifth being 10 centavos, were replicas of the early stamps of Buenos Aires, Cor-rientes and Cordoba, and of the Argentine Confederation, and of the republic. The sheets were issued on May 25, 1940, at the Cordoba Philatelic exhibition. Brazil was the first country to honor Sir Rowland Hill, who was responsible for the use of adhesive postage stamps and the issue also took the form of a souvenir sheet which was put on sale Oct. 22, 1938, in connection with the Second Brazilian Philatelic congress. The sheet contains 10 400 reis stamps arranged as a block of 12 with the two central stamps of the top row of four omitted. The single design shows a portrait of Sir Rowland and a minute replica of the first Brazilian stamp, the 30 reis “bullseye” stamp of 1843. A 10 cent stamp was issued by Cuba on Nov. 22, 1940. This was in large form and shows in addition to the map of Cuba a portrait and the first stamp of Great Britain and the first stamps of the Spanish colony of Cuba and of the Republic of Cuba. This design was also issued as a souvenir sheet containing a block of four, unperforated. The Dominican Republic, on May 6, 1940, released stamps in 3 and 8 centavos values in a single design. This shows a large portrait of Sir Rowland with appropriate inscriptions. Altho Guatemala had announced a centenary issue of three stamps, the Dutch printers, Enschede and Sons, were unable to deliver the order and the issue has been abandoned. Nicaragua has issued a set of three airmail stamps in denominations of 2, 3 and 5 cordobas, which show a portrait of Sir Rowland and a facsimile of the first Nicaraguan stamp. Two sets in five denominations each in a single design were issued by Mexico for airmail and ordinary use. These show a reproduction of the “penny black” of Great Britain surrounded by inscriptions. The values are 5, 10, and 20 centavos and 1 and 5 pesos for each set. All values except the 5 pesos were placed on sale on May 2, 1940, the exception following on May 15. Pour stamps in denominations of 1, 5, 6, and 10 pesos were issued on Aug. 15, 1940, by Paraguay. The 5 peso value shows a portrait of Hill and the other values have facsimiles of early Paraguayan postage stamps. Salvador, altho last in this list, was one of the first to issue centenary stamps. These were placed on sale on Feb. 29, 1940, and consisted of an 8 centavo stamp for ordinary use and a 30c and an 80c for airmail use. The design shows a view of the shores of Salvador with the portrait of Hil] at the left and the arms of the republic at the right. The airmail stamps differ only by the addition of the inscription “Servicio Aereo.” Couldn't Hit It A woman, waiting to sing in grand opera, asked a music professor to hear her. He played her accompaniment and listened to her for a few minutes, but she sang so far off the key that he finally slammed down the piano cover and refused to continue. “What’s the matter?” asked the woman. “Don’t you like my singing?” “The trouble with your singing, madam,” asserted the professor, “is that whether I play on the white keys or the black ones, you sing in the cracks!” You 11 Do Sergeant—Any of you men got a dirty uniform? Private (hoping for a new uniform)—Yes, sergeant, look at me. Sergeant—You’ll do. Report tomorrow morning at 6:30 for coal shoveling. Important Dont's Read Them Twice, Thrice DON'T address your mail intended for publication in the ML to the Main Office of the SNPJ, to Slovene National Benefit Society, or to some person. The mail so addressed may be delayed and will be late for the intended issue. Address all such mail to Mladinski List, 2657-59 So. Lawndale Ave., Chicago, 111. DON'T write with pencil; use pen or, still better, typewriter. DON'T write on both sides of the sheet. Paper is cheap. DON'T draw your picture with ordinary ink. We cannot use such drawings. Draw only with the India ink. DON'T draw in colors! It's a waste of time because we cannot use it. DON'T fold your drawings! Send them between two card-boards in a large envelope. DON'T omit your name, address, age, and lodge No., together with the parent's signature on the back of every piece of drawing or beneath any writing. And most important of all: DON'T copy any rhymes or pictures! Be honest with yourself and us! You can't get away with it very long! We are checking on that. WHEN WE PLAY Compiled by Ann K. Medvešek SSSC'Js*! , ‘5*&~ The month of September is the ninth month in our calendar, but in ancient times it was the seventh month, whence came its name which is composed of two words: septem (seventh) and umber, meaning shower or rain. The Anglo- Saxons called it gerstmonath, “barley-month.” The zodiacal sign for September is Libra (scales). * * * BUN RACE A clothesline is strung from one pole to another, from which strings of various length have been suspended, a bun at the end of each string. The contestants are lined up, hands behind their backs, and at a given signal each contestant tries to eat his bun. The constant moving of the line makes it almost impossible to get a bite. The first one to finish the bun gets a prize. * * * HUNTING FOR PENNIES Gather the little children before a chosen spot, where pennies have been scattered, and tell them to look for them. You will see how they will hurry to look for them and what shrieks of delight will be heard as the coins are found. * * * OBSERVATION RACE This race is for speed as well as the use of the eyes. A certain number of articles should be placed along the course to be run. The winner of this race must not only make the distance in a short time as possible, but must also be able to tell the greatest number of different articles he saw along the way. * • • HAULING THE ORANGE Each one participating in this race is given a string, a couple yards long. This is doubled, one end being held in each hand so that the loop trails on the ground. With this loop an orange must be hauled from the starting point to a designated spot. Touching the orange with either the hand or foot is not permitted. RAINY-DAY RACE Several persons line up to run this race. They stand in a line with a closed overnight bag in front of each one, in which is a pair of rubbers, a pair of gloves and an umbrella. At the signal they open the bags, take out the rubbers, put them on, take out the gloves, put them on, raise their umbrellas, take the bag and walk about a hundred feet to a designated line. No running is permitted. When they reach the designated line, they lower the umbrellas, take off their gloves and rubbers, put them in the bag, close the bags and carry them and the lowered umbrellas. The first one to come back to the starting point receives a prize. * * * SLIPPER SLAP A closed ring is formed, with IT in the middle. A soft slipper is passed from one hand to another, behind the backs of those forming the ring. Every time opportunity permits they slap the one in the middle with it. IT tries to touch the player whom he can find holding the slipper, and when he is successful he gives up his position. Of course this is not easily done if the players keep closely together, and keep the slipper going round at a good pace. HUMAN TARGET The players are scattered around, and are not allowed to move from their places. One person who is called the target is the exception. He is free to move wherever he likes, in order to avoid being hit. A very soft ball, so that it cannot harm him should be used against him. Any player who can get the ball can throw at the target, but this is not too easy either, for the ball cannot be picked up unless it is caught by the player or it falls close enough to him to pick it up without leaving his place. When a successful hit is made the marksman changes places with the target. A WISE SUGGESTION (See "Important Dont's" on page ll) OUR SCHOOL AWARDS FOR THE BEST CONTRIBUTIONS A sum of not more lhan $200 is available for the SNPJ juvenile members who will in fhe last half of 1941 contribute to the Our School section of the Mladinski List: 1) The best letters, according to quality as judged by the Editor, on the subjects as suggested from time to time in this column; 2) The best original drawings in India ink on any subject deemed acceptable by the Editor, such as cartoons, games, cross-word puzzles, etc. The publication of such letters or drawings on these pages is not indication that they all will be awarded; contributions published elsewhere in the Mladinski List although intended for Our School will be awarded under the same rules if qualifying. The number and size of awards for this six-month period will depend on the number of qualified letters and drawings contributed. The next distribution of awards will be made in December, 1941, and the winners will be announced in January, 1942. RULES: 1) Every contributor must be a member of the SNPJ Juvenile Department. 2) Slate your age and number of the SNPJ lodge to which you belong. 3) Every contribution must be signed also by either parent. 4) Every contribution must be in the hands of the Editor by the first of the month if intended for the issue of the Mladinski List of the following month. * HOW WE ARE ALL DEPENDENT UPON OTHER PEOPLES Usually when we speak of dependent people, we think of little children not over eighteen years of age. The question arises “Why?” When the income tax returns are being figured out, money is taken off for each dependent. On the other hand, everyone on this earth is dependent on someone else. It may seem silly or very difficult to understand, but if we analyze the word “dependent” we will quickly find out. We children (all minors to certain extent) are all dependent on our parents; if our father didn’t work, we would not have the money to buy food. The farmer works to produce his crops. He depends Drawn by Dolores Udovič, age 15, La Salle, 111. Lodge 573. on the consumers to sell his products; and the consumers depend on the farmer who produces much of the things which we all need. Thus we see that each and everyone of us is interdependent on one another. Likewise, the manufacturers depend on the consumers to buy their products. It is the workers who produce all manufactured articles, and it is the farmers who produce all the necessary things which we need in order to exist. Since we are all interdependent in every respect, no one can be independent in matters of living. The rich and the poor are dependent on one another. The difference, of course, is that the former can get much easier what they want than the latter. Yet, they too, depend entirely on the products of those who toil for them. For years the rich have been exploiting the poor. It is hoped that this system will gradually give way to a more just system—cooperative society. Since we are all dependent on one another for our existence, the establishment of a cooperative system under which all will work and share alike, is the coming thing as it is the only solution to the present problems of economic and social inequality. Nations, too, are interdependent as are individuals living in one country, state, county, or community. VICTORIA AMBROŽIČ, 14, lodge 88, R.F.D. 5, Box 424, Crafton, Pa. * LABOR DAY Labor Day is celebrated on the first Monday in September in nearly all the states and territories of the United States and in the provinces of Canada. It is an annual holiday. Agitation for the celebration of the day was begun by the Knights of Labor who, in 1882, 1883 and 1884, paraded on that day in the city of New York. In 1884 the organization adopted a resolution that the first Monday in September should be considered Labor Day, and steps were taken to have it recognized as a holiday. Workmen of all organizations aided in the movement. Oregon, on February 21, 1887, passed the first law recognizing the day, and New York, New Jersey and Colorado soon followed suit. On June 28, 1894, U. S. Congress passed a bill making the day a legal holiday throughout the Union. Except for the District of Columbia and federal workers in other states, further legislation was needed by the separate states to put the law into operation. All states and territories in 1928 had enacted such laws except Wyoming and the Philippines. In the Philippines, Labor Day is celebrated on May 1. In Canada, the provinces of Ontario, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Manitoba, Alberta, Saskatchewan and Yukon Territory observe the day regularly by law, and in the other provinces it may be observed upon the governor’s proclamation. Celebration of the day in the United States differs from that in Europe in that it is participated in by all classes and marked by the closing of all factories and stores and by meetings, picnics, pa- rades, speeches, athletic events and other holiday activities. Since labor produces all it is fitting and proper that a special day be so observed and dedicated to Labor. ZORA GOSTOVICH, 13, lodge 297, Box 531, Raton, New Mexico. * MY FIFTY THOUSAND FRIENDS I am depending best on my health, and my relatives, and my school work. But I also depend on the United States’ democracy. Also, I depend on my friends. For I have more than 50,000 friends in United States and Canada belonging to the SNPJ. Sometimes our fathers are without jobs, and we have to turn the lodge loose, that it, we have a hard time to meet our obligations. If all our members would be alike and write to others to get jobs, our lodge would be growing up very fast. We should think about others all the time. It is a nice thing to belong to a good lodge. I am depending on a farm. I think it is very nice to have a farm. That is all I can depend on now. I am not old enough to answer those questions printed in the M. L., but I am trying my best. MILKA MILETA, 13, lodge 297, P. O. Box 175, Brilliant, N. Mex. * AN INTERESTING EXPERIMENT IN SCIENCE Several months ago we entered the laboratory to do our weekly experiment. When we were seated, Mr. Ott, our science teacher, said that the experiment for discussion would be the studying of the multiple stroke electric bell. Having on hand several bells of this type, Mr. Ott gave each one of us a bell and some batteries. We then proceeded with the experiment and discussion. We hooked the bell in several different ways and finally found something about the construction and the mechanism of this bell. In the construction of this bell there are several important parts, such as the armature, contact screw, gong, spring, electromagnet, wires, hammer, push button, and battery. The bell gets its current from the dry cell battery; thus, when the push button is pressed down current flows into the electromagnet and causes it to attack the armature. As a result the armature moves away from the contact screw and the circuit is broken. The electromagnet then loses its magnetism and releases the armature, which is pulled back to the contact point by a spring. Then, the circuit is completed again. One more current flows through the electromagnet and the cycle is repeated. As long as the push button is held closed, the armature will move back and forth and keep striking the bell. VERA BOZANIC, 13, lodge 393, Worcester, New York. * GLASS INDUSTRY Glass is not a natural substance. It is made of different ingredients. The materials used are sand, lime, sodium carbonate, and potassium carbonate. In various forms of glass other materials are used, such as, manganese, cobalt, copper, zinc, arsenic, tin, and pigments for coloring. In making glass, sand must be free from impurities. The sand is stirred in great quantities of water and burned in the flames of a fire and finally sifted through copper gauze. Mixing the ingredients, the glassmaker calls it the “batch.” A huge tank furnace is heated by gas or electricity. The materials are melted in huge pots made of fire clay, making a circle around the center fire at the base of an enormous chimney. This furnace is provided with a tank in which the materials are melted and from which the molten mass is drawn. Without interruption the furnace is fed new materials at one end while at the other end the melted glass is drawn out and poured into different kinds of molds. AGNES SALOUM, 13, lodge 89, R.F.D. 1, Bulger, Pennsylvania. Hi OUR HIGH SCHOOL Although school is over with for the year, I can still speak of Sharon High School with enthusiasm. Our school has a student body of 1600, which includes the ninth through the twelfth grade. This year’s graduating class had 324 members, all of which are proud to be graduates of such a modern and active school. Each homeroom has a chairman who appoints several students to help keep the room in neat and orderly condition throughout the school year. Every Friday morning the room is given a general inspection by those sturents and the chairman. Our school has four courses from which you can choose. They are the Academic, Classical, Commercial and General. The former two are the college preparatory, and the latter two prepare you for the business world. You are required to take one of these courses and there are many more extra subjects which you can choose from if you desire to do so. Some of these extra subjects are science, band, chorus, language, art, etc. The school also offers other activities to which you can belong, such as dramatics, marionette, Tri-hi-Y and Hi-Y, Sports Club, and you can also serve as staff member of the school paper and magazine. Drawn by Lillian Britz, age 11, Export, Pa. Lodge 232. RED RIDER Drawn by Dan Gosiovich, age 10, Raton, New Mexico. Lodge 297. The dramatics club sends its members to colleges and there they produce plays for entertainment and sometimes they try out in contests with other schools. The marionette also entertains for other clubs and associations of Sharon and sur rounding cities. All these activities help to build up the students’ character and also provide them with the ability to associate with others. The school has just recently organized a Pan-American Club which has 22 members, each representing one of the 22 countries of the Western Hemisphere. The school paper is published about once every two weeks and has all the latest news of the activities of the students, the school clubs, etc. The magazine comes out about once a month and has stories, poems, and jokes. All this information is written by the students. The Annual is the yearbook showing pictures of the teachers, graduating students, and the underclassmen of the school. It also shows pictures of the clubs and various important occasions during the school year. My school starts at 8:30 and ends at 3. Each period is fifty minutes long. We have an addressing system and each morning the principal gives the news of the day and all the meetings that are to be attended that day. We also have telephones in each room. To keep the halls quiet and orderly we have a monitor system, which is very successful and most of the students cooperate with it. Our cafeteria is split into two parts, one where you buy your lunch and the other is for the students that bring their lunch. There are three different cafeteria periods, one for the freshmen at 11, the juniors and seniors at 12 and the sophomores at 12:50. We have a school band which has won many trophies for its splendid playing. The orchestra plays at the assemblies and the forum meetings. Our swing band is also very good and they play at the school parties and dances. Our library is on the second floor and is very large; one side has reference books only; the other part has fiction, history, biography, etc. We have a very large gym and here we sometimes have rallies before important football or basketball games. At these rallies we cheer for our team, sing the alma-mater song and have a swell time. Every year we have a boy-girl contest which takes place between the boys and girls of the school. They contest on musical instruments, history, Latin, algebra and many other studies. One of our students won a national contest for tenor solo last spring. We also have a minstrel every year, in which the boys and girls who have talent in singing and dancing take part. The seniors produce a play yearly and it is always very entertaining. These affairs are held in the auditorium, which is very large, has a huge stage, heavy draperies and is beautifully decorated. Our building is three stories high and is made of red brick; it covers about half a block. We have a stadium a few blocks away which has a seating capacity of 8000. Here we have our football games; in the summer the track and baseball teams play here. Sometimes when it is very hot we go up to the stadium and try to cool off. As you read this article I hope you can picture in your mind this school of Sharon, Pennsylvania, that I and many others are so proud of. FRANCES STAMBAL, 15, lodge 262, 1084 Sherman Ave., Sharon, Pa. * TWO SCIENTIFIC WONDERS OF THE WORLD A knowledge of the anesthetizing effects of certain chemicals dates back to Sir Humphrey Davy who, in 1800, discovered the principles of ’’laughing gas.” Following that, Faraday, Goodman, Jackson, Wood, and Bache showed that the inhalation of ether vapor had similar effects. However, the discoveries were simply regarded as interesting phenomena. In 1842, Dr. Crawford Long performed an operation at Georgia, using ether as an anesthetic. It was the first painless operation in history. Roentgen Rays, or X-rays, were discovered in 1895 by Wilhelm Roentgen, a German. He discovered in his experiments that certain radiations in the general spectrum of electromagnetic waves occurred after ultraviolet rays, and that these radiations had the power to pass through many opaque bodies. Not only were these rays visible, but it was possible to obtain an impression of them on a photographic plate after they had passed through a substance. The value of this discovery, particularly to the field of medicine, can hardly be measured. It is listed as the fourth important scientific discovery in the world. JUSTIN MARTINČIČ JR., 15, lodge 138, Box 684, Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. * LABOR DAY September first is here today, Oh boy! It’s Labor Day. Today we don’t have to work And for one day we can shirk. We can sleep, play, or wade Or join the Labor Day parade. Next day we feel as if we’d expired And everyone wonders why we’re so tired. But down in our hearts we know why— It was just like the Fourth of July. ZITA BOZANIC, 14, lodge 393, Worcester, New York. * FLAG OF THE UNITED STATES The first flag of the United States was made by Bettsy Ross, and approved by the Committee of which George Washington was a member in 1777. The flag consisted of seven red and six white stripes an thirteen white stars on a blue background, a stripe and a star for each original colony. Today there are forty-eight stars representing the forthy-eight states and the original seven red and six white stripes representing the thirteen original colonies. The colors of the flag have a special significance, red for courage, white for liberty, blue for loyalty. ROSIE J. MATKO, 14, lodge 560, Rte. 1, Box 244, Hoquiam, Wash. * INDIVIDUALS CANNOT PROGRESS If we look to the world of today, we see that the people and even nations are dependent on one another. This is so because every nation produces many goods which other nations also need. For example, there are many kinds of fruits which are grown in warm countries and cannot be raised in colder countries. Likewise, people in the cities and villages, factories and farms are dependent on one another. No individual can raise or produce all the things which he needs for modern life of today without help and cooperation of the rest of the people. This shows that all the people of the world should be united. They should all believe that no nation, or group of people, is better than the other. That means that all the people should strive to progress only in unity, brotherhood and cooperation. Today we see that in several countries there are ruthless dictators who want to make other nations subject to their command. They believe in foolish doctrines that their nation should be the boss and all the other nations should be their slaves. They try to enforce their will upon the other THE BELL IS CALLING Drawn by Bill Baliezar, age 16, Butte, Mont. Lodge 207. nations by all the means of war, fear and oppression. The dictators in Europe are holding down millions of people by force. The people have nothing to say, they have no rights and must only obey. Such a system of despotism must be crushed. When the time comes, the oppressed peoples will rise up and overthrow their tyrants. I believe that all the people of the world who believe in democracy and rights for all should unite if they want to destroy the power of the dictators. And since we are all dependent on one another, we must strive to cooperate in every field of endeavor. In fact, we must work toward a society which will be based on cooperative principles. All other systems will lead only to destruction. JOSEPHINE VIDMAR, 12, lodge 747, 2546 N. 37th St., Milwaukee, Wis. * DEMOCRACY AND CITIZENSHIP Democracy is self-government and self-government is rooted in the identity of men. “Be vigilant and your government shall be alert; be wise and your government shall be good.” Beneath free government and good government there is nothing but the intelligence and vigilance of free men and good men. The root of all government is local government. It is the local government which records your birth, protects your health, and maintains your schools. Practice your good citizenship here. Co- operate with the citizens of your community and if it is possible take a voice in the problems of the community. In this way democracy will spread in the hearts of the citizens of the community and thus through the whole nation. Helping to make the community attractive and trying hard not to mar public property will lead to good citizenship. A true American citizen is loyal, tries to obey laws, cooperates, keeps himself fit, is honest and truthful, and also he must know his country’s or the government’s history. Good citizenship is what Americans must possess to produce a real democracy in America. ZITA BOZANIC, 14, lodge 393, R. D. 3, Worcester, New York. * JUGOSLAV RELIEF One objective of our Juvenile Circles at the present time is to give aid to Jugoslavia. This is very important and necessary. There is no Juvenile Circle in our community, but I still would like to throw in a few ideas. I think that, as American citizens, we should try to the best of our ability to help the people in Jugo- slavia. First, because the parents of most of our juveniles came from that country and, second, because Jugoslavia became the victim of ruthless aggression. You are asking for ideas, and I think that the best way to get them is for everybody, young and old, to send in letters and tell what you think about Jugoslav Relief. Sometimes the younger ones perhaps give the best ideas. The idea of singling out Jugoslavia is not a difficult problem. Americans are known for offering help to all sorts of victims. They are doing just that in the present crisis. In addition, each nationality group is helping through its own relief committee. It is only natural that we should help our suffering brethren across the seas. Since the war started it is very hard to send mail to Europe. By sending money to the people in Jugoslavia now, would be very unwise. They would not get it and by doing so, we would help the aggressors who would grab the money. Therefore, it is necessary to collect a large fund of relief money and send it there when we will know that it will be rightly used. The Jugoslavs had the courage to oppose the aggressors; they did not give in. The entire world knows this and admires them for their courage. It is up to us to be ready to give them what we can when the time arrives for such aid. Let's hope that the day is not far off when Jugoslavia will again be a free country. JOSEPH MADERA, 17, lodge 292, Box 44, Avella, Pa. * A MIRACLE OF SURGERY Patsy was five years old that fateful day when her father’s car overturned on a steep steep mountain road. Since that day Patsy had never moved from her bed without her nurse carrying her. Patsy is now ten years old, a thin, pale, fretful child, with short black hair and large brown eyes that always hold a look of sadness. Her left leg, in spite of everything doctors could do, lay twisted and useless, and Patsy could never move without the extremest pain. Then one bright and joyful day she was taken to a hospital where a large and cheerful K nurse informed her that a doctor from enother country was going to make her well . . . Patsy woke up hours later to hear a doctor say: BACK TO SCHOOL Drawn by Margaret Blazina, age 15, Roundup, Mont. Lodge 114. “Yes, in about six months she will be strong and well again.” And it was true! Doctors, nurses, her mother and father, and especially Patsy will never forget those first three steps that she took. It was all due to the skillful surgeon who performed the operation so successfully that brought Patsy back her priceless possession—her health and the abiilty to walk! HELEN MATKO, 15, lodge 560, Rte. 1, Box 244, Hoquiam, Wash. * JUST TWO JOKES Boy—I’m sorry I’m late, but I sprained my ankle. Teacher—Another lame excuse. Bob—Mother, may I open this window? Mother—Why, son? Bob—Well, you said it was raining cats and dogs and I want to catch a dog. LILLIAN BRITZ, 11, lodge 232, Box 28, Export, Pa. * THREE GROUPS OF FRUITS Fruits are classified in three groups: temperate, sub-tropical, and tropical. Climate is a very important factor in determining where fruits shall be grown and what kinds should be raised. In the temperate zones of the earth, the climate is well suited to the growth of fruits such as apples, grapes, peaches, pears, plums, cherries, etc. The four chief apple districts of the United States are (1) the Pacific Northwest, (2) the Great Valley of Virginia and West Virginia, (3) the Ozark highland of Missouri and Arkansas, and (4) New York State and Michigan. The state of Washington ranks first in the production of apples in the United States, while New York ranks second. Grapes are another important temperate fruit which is mainly used in making raisins and currants, also wines. The leading state in the production of grapes is California. Some of the sub-tropical fruits are oranges, lemons, and grapefruit, called citrus fruits. Orange is the most important sub-tropical fruit and is grown more in California and Florida than in any other section in the United States. California ships about 40,000 carloads of oranges a year. The most important tropical fruit is the banana. This fruit grows in rich soil where the rainfall is heavy. The banana grows fast and produces in large bunches. This fruit needs careful handling and rapid transportation. The United States gets its supply from the West Indies and Central America. VERA BOZANIC, 13, lodge 393, R. D. No. 3, Worcester, N. Y. * WHY I'M GLAD I'M AN AMERICAN America is my native land, and I am proud of it! I am proud of it because it is a free country and because it offers so much to everyone. Tall corn in time of peace is my fortification, a wooden cottage is my shelter, yet I am not afraid, for I live in free America. But in order to keep it free we must defend its liberty, always. There is no place on earth as rich in democratic practices as in America. That is why we must all be proud of our native land and we must strive with all our power to guard its democratic institutions against aggressors. We know that these things are priceless heritages that have come to us through the sacrifices i|jigpK|]igg BACK TO l SCHOOL_ - '\\ JMtGOT v fS&i 1 *** Drawn by Ben Volk, age 16, Tonawanda, N. Y. Lodge 405. YOUTH AND DEFENSE Drawn by Bill Baltezar, age 16, Butte, Mont. Lodge 207. of our forefathers and we all want to be worthy of them. Only in America could there have been a Washington, a Lincoln—and only in America do I always want to live. I’m very glad to be an American! MATILDA DOLES, age (?), lodge 680, 110 W. R.R. Ave., Verona, Pa. * OLD AND NEW JOKES Mary—Oh, Dad, I’ve just discovered that the girl who sits next to me in biology class has a hat exactly like mine. Father—So I suppose you want me to buy you a new one? Mary—Well, darling, that would be cheaper than changing schools. Customer—Have you a book called, “Man, the Master of Women”? Salesgirl—Fiction department to the right, sir. Pat—Does your wife choose your clothes? Mike—No, she only picks the pockets. HELEN BOZANIC, 15, lodge 393, R. D. 3, Worcester, New York. M is for a Magazine, one that’s really fine; One that’s worthwhile reading, every single line. L is for Leisure hours we happily do spend On reading the M. L., the Juveniles’ good friend. A is for Ambitious youth who send in regularly Poems, pictures, jokes and articles so many. D is for the Dollars offered twice each year; If you contribute often you’ll get some, never fear. I is for Illustrations spread throughout the magazine, Contributed by boys and girls from seven to seventeen. N is for the New members we’re always glad to welcome; Anyone can join no matter where they’re from. S is for our Slovene lodge of which we are so proud, A blessing to all who belong; let’s sing its praises loud. K is for the Kick we get from reading the puzzles and jokes, That we enjoy in the Mladinski List, as also do our folks. I is for the Interest that every good member takes; Just reading the M. L. what a good magazine it makes. L is for the Letters that come from every state; All juveniles should send them in at a faster rate. I is for India ink to be remembered by all; Send in your pictures, be they big or small. S is for SNPJ—we’re proud that we belong, If you join this fraternal lodge you can’t go wrong. T is for the Timely end to which this rhyme has come, A final word, “Read the M. L. and you won’t be glum!” ELSIE MAE MIHELICH, 14, lodge 94, 602 S. 26th St., Colorado Springs, Colo. * MY DOG A very fine dog is my shepherd Rover, One of his tricks is rolling over. Anyone that harms me he will bite, He guards the house for me at night. Drawn by Elsie Polončič, age 17, Uniondale, Pa. Lodge 124. He’s with me always every day, He’s always ready to jump or play. I’m very glad I have my pet, The best pal I have ever had yet. VIRGINIA BARTON, 12, lodge 89, R. D. 4, McDonald, Pa. » A LITTLE GIRL When I was just a little girl, A little girl so true, I loved to roller skate upon the sidewalk, And fall upon it, too. I loved to ride and romp and jump, I loved the morning dew. To keep myself from loving the world Was more than I could do. I thought the world was wonderful, I loved the perfumy air. I loved the grass beneath my feet, It all seemed like magic in the air. MARGARET POLONČIČ, 14, lodge 124, R. F. D. 2, Union Dale, Pa. * SOME MORE JOKES Judge—I’ll fine you today, but if you speed again, you’ll go to jail. Speeder—I get it—fine today, cooler tomorrow. Mother (reprovingly hearing dishes fall): Snookums, more dishes? Snookums: No, mother—less dishes. NEW MEXICO Drawn by Zita Bozanic, age 14, Worcester, N. Y. Lodge 393. What. Voice (on phone): This is Smith, Smith, Smith and Smith, attorneys-at-Law. Phoner-upper: Good morning, Good morning, Good morning, Good morning. AGNES SALOUM, 13, lodge 89, R.F.D. 1, Bulger, Pa. * SCHOOL AGAIN School days! School days! Good old Golden Rule days. Now that vacation days are o’er Back to school we go once more. The teachers seem to be gay, But they won’t stay that way, Because the pupils will play tricks, Causing the teacher to “march them To the principal’s office.” But, we might as well not be late If some day we want to graduate. ZITA BOZANIC, 14, lodge 393, R. D. No. 3, Worcester, N. Y. Pencil Blowing Divide the players into two teams. The members in each team kneel on each side of a table. Place a round pencil stub in the middle of the table. At the starting signal, each team tries to blow the pencil across so that it falls over the opponent’s side of the table. The players must keep their hands behind their backs. A point is scored each time the pencil goes over the opponent’s side, and a total of five points makes the game. Always restart from the middle of the table. Cat and Mouse The middle of the room is cleared for the cat and mouse who are blindfolded. They crawl around the room on all-fours. When the cat catches the mouse, two other players take their places. Those looking on should keep silent so that the two blindfolded can listen for each other’s movements. Drawn by Steve Gosiovich, age 11, Raton, New Mexico. Lodge 297. We Borrow, Too! Teacher—We borrowed our numerals from the Arabs, our calendar from the Romans, our banking from the Italians. Now can anybody think of other examples of the same sort? Willie—We borrowed our lawnmower from the Jonses, our hand rake from the Browns, and our baby carriage from the Smiths. Our Own Juvenile Circles of the S. N. P. J. Send, all your questions and requests for your Juvenile Circles to Mr. Vincent Cain-kar, president of the SNPJ, 2657 S. Lawndale Ave., Chicago, III. He has been appointed the Director of Juvenile Circles, and your Advisers should keep in touch with him. FROM JUVENILE CIRCLE NO. 1 WALSENBURG, COLO.—On Sunday, June 22, members of Circle No. 1 went on a hike. It was an interesting hike. However, the girls soon became tired and went home. The boys carried on. Our regular meeting was held on Sunday, July 20. We would like to see more members attend our meetings. No doubt, during the coming months more members will attend. By then, school will be here again, and cooler weather, also. For the August meeting a jackpot of 50 cents was ready for some lucky member. The members must be present at meetings to win the jackpot. We are inviting Aguilar and Delagua Circles to our meetings. Let’s see some long-absent members at our future meetings. Most of us attended the First SNPJ Day event at Rye, Colo., on Sunday, July 27. The affair was sponsored by the Colorado-New Mexico Federation of SNPJ lodges. It was a big success. (More about this event in a later issue.) WILLIAM TOMSIC, President 823 W. 7th St., Walsenburg, Colo. * CIRCLE 25 WINS FIRST PRIZE DELAGUA, COLO.—I regret the fact that I haven’t written sooner to this fine magazine, the Mladinski List. Our Juvenile Circle No. 25 has been very ac- tive lately. For Independence Day, we decorated a float for the parade held in Aguilar. The members of our Circle marched ahead of our float. The float was very pretty and designed in patriotic colors. We won first prize! Everyone had a good time that day. Our manager, Joe Prunk, works hard in order to keep our Circle active. We all like Manager Prunk because of his interest which he shows in our Circle. We are all proud and happy to be members of the Slovene National Benefit Society. It is a wonderful organization! I have four pen pals, and I hope to receive letters from more. I enjoy reading the Mladinski List very much. This is all for this time. I will write more next time. Regards to all. ANN HARVATIN, President, Box 342, Delagua, Colo. * ROUNDUP JUVENILE CIRCLE NO. 28 ROUNDUP, MONT.—The July meeting of Juvenile Circle No. 28 was called to order in regular form and was directed by our new supervisor, Mrs. Lea Oset. The minutes of the previous meeting were approved. Since Mrs. Oset is going to be our supervisor for a long time to come, she made a few changes in our regular routine. During the discussion of new business, plans were discussed for entertaining the grown-ups at the annual picnic. At each meeting of the Harmonizers Lodge, a member will present a report on the activities of the Circle. The secretary will take a roll call of the members at each meeting, and the names of those who are absent will be given in the report. Carl Kerzan was appointed to report for the month of July. This month’s jackpot of five cents was won by Louise Lekse. Our next meeting was scheduled to be held at the home of Mrs. Lea Oset at 2 p. m. on August 3. And our September meeting will be held on the 7th. All members should be there for there will be a surprise announced and after the meeting, games will be played. LOUIS LEKSE, Secretary Box 465, Roundup, Mont. ❖ JOLLY KANSANS CIRCLE REPORTING GIRARD, KANS.— Here I am again reporting about the activities of our Juvenile Circle, No. 11, the Jolly Kansans. Our July meeting was held on the 6th at Franklin at the usual time. The meeting was called to order by President Henry Jelovchan. Plans for having a picnic at Lincoln Park July 27 were made. A speech given by Olga Knapich, our former adviser, about the Juvenile Spirits Circle of Detroit, Mich., which she helped organize. The attendance prize was won by Frances Ales. The writer was elected as the new Circle secretary because Fanny Galicich has reached the age of eighteen and is in the adult department. We are very sorry to lose her as our secretary. We wish to thank Brother Steve Dudas, who was working at our picnic, and Brother Sterle, who let us use his picnic grounds. The August meeting was held on the 3rd at Camp Fifty. Besides other important matters which were to be disposed of at this meeting, a new president was to be elected. The name of the new president will be announced next month. I am enclosing a picture of myself which I hope to see published in the M. L. I would like to have more pen pals. Best regards. DOROTHY YOGER, Secretary R. R. 3, Box 1612, Girard, Kans. * CIRCLE 29 PRESENTS ITS REPORT DETROIT, MICH.—This is a semi-yearly report of the new Juvenile Circle No. 29, organized on Dec. 29, 1940. We trust that all the Juvenile Circles of the SNPJ approve our entering their ranks. By so doing we hope to keep the Slovene young people together. In turn, we earnestly hope, they will become worthy members, able to take over the positions left by our elders. Circle 29 was organized on the above date at the SND hall at 17153 John R. It was decided on that the name of our Circle would be “Juve- nile Spirits of Detroit.” At the end of each three months, new officers would be elected. In this way, all the members would have an opportunity to take part in leading our Circle. This plan was thought to be worthwhile to try. The officers from December to March were: Dorothy Plesh, president; Dorothy Karun, vice-president; Vera Semec, financial secretary; Elaine Spendel, recording secretary, and Edbin Spendel, treasurer. After each meeting a short program followed in which members took part and later are joined in for community singing. After our program, refreshments were served. Events which the Circle sponsored during the first three months were: an iceskating party at Palmer Park; a drawing in May, and a monthly attendance award of 25c. In March election of new officers was held. Olga F. Gorup, president; Frances Zorman, vice-president; Donald Nagel, rec. sec.; Vera Semec, fin. sec., and Dorothy Karun, treasurer. Through all the hardship of making our Circle a successful one, we had the guidance of Olga M. Knapich. At the March meeting it was decided to hold a roller-skating party at the Madison Gardens. It was held on May 25c. The drawing which was held the night before, on May 24, proved a huge success. The winner of the portable radio was Mrs. Locniskar; of the phonograph, Viola Egr-burg, and of the Canadian club, Mr. Zupančič. The same evening, the Women’s Club of SND gave a one-act comedy which everyone enjoyed immensely. This goes down into the “History of Circle 29” as one of the most successful and enjoyable evening ever spent by our Circle. In order that our Circle would become larger, a Membership Campaign began in April and continues through to September. The one bringing the most new members receives as first prize $21; second, $1, and third, 50 cents. Also, a writing contest began in May which also conutinues through to September with the same awards as to be given in the membership drive. For Mother’s Day, the Circle invited all the mothers of our members and we had a grand surprise for them. After our business meeting, each mother received a rose from her child. Olga F. Gorup acted as mistress of ceremonies and opened the program by giving an original speech on “Mothers of the World.” Then a poem by Ilene Urban, entitled “My Maw, She Knows,” which had mothers and children laughing with tears in their eyes. Little six-year old Martha Ann Ver-holtz led all in singing “God Bless America,” which proved that that young lady has talent and is always so willing to sing to keep us happy. Elaine Spendel sang the song “Mother” which is an old favorite with both young and old. To complete our program, Vera Semec and a friend played the electric guitar an accordion, respectively. Refreshments were then served which consisted of hot dogs, pop, ice-cream and cake, which Mrs. Verholtz donated for this event. A day spent with mothers and children, a day which will not fade quickly from our memory. A second roller-skating party was held on July 12, at the River Ranger Rollerdrome, which was a very successful one. It seems that all of our members enjoy having the floor coming up to hit us and a few are already mastering the art of skating. The members not only like it for the fun derived from it but also because of the exercise which helps to build us healthy and strong. A third party is to be discussed at the next meeting. A Slovene school is to be started soon and it will be open to adults as well as children. We are all looking forward to attending these classes. Since December we haven’t progressed as rapidly perhaps as other Circles but the light has been becoming brighter and we have proved that a Juvenile Circle is possible in Detroit. To all the other Circles which are celebrating the anniversary of one year or more, all we can say is that we are proud to be one Circle among so many in keeping our Slovene youth still together. We hope that our Circle will become as strong as yours. A new election in June brought forth the following officers to guide us during the remainder of this year: Tony Plazar, president; Olga F. Gorup, vice-president; Dorothy Karun, rec. sec.; Frances Zorman, fin. sec., and Ilene Urban, treasurer. With the cooperation of all our members we will be a successful Circle and enjoy all the moments of happiness together. Our adviser, Olga M. Knapich, at this writing (July 18) is vacationing with her parents in Girard, Kansas. We hope she is enjoying her stay there and will soon return. In her absence, Ray Travnik is taking her place. In the future you will hear more about our Circle, and we would enjoy receiving letters TIME TO GATHER THE CROP Drawn by Eugene Skoff, age 16, Cicero, 111. Lodge 559. from other Circles telling us of their events and how successful they are. Please write and we will answer as soon as we can. A suggestion which was made in March was to sponsor a National Circle Day. We would like all of you express your opinions on this matters, and perhaps soon we will have our own “Day” also. Until next month the “Spirits” of Detroit move ahead. OLGA F. GORUP, Circle No. 29 17806 Wanda Ave., Detroit, Mich. * REPORT OF WALSENBURG CIRCLE RUGBY, COLO.—Circle No. 1 of Walsenburg, Colorado, held its monthly meeting on Sunday, July 20. We decided to invite Circle No. 20, of Aguilar, and Circle No. 25, of Ludlow, Colo., to our next meeting the third Sunday in August. Refreshments were decided to be served and entertainment presented. We also decided that our meetings will from now on be at the regular meeting place each third Sunday of the month at 10:45 in the morning. We are going to have a jackpot drawing at each meeting. One name will be drawn and if the member whose name is drawn is present, he will receive fifty cents. All members are urged to attend. The First Annual SNPJ Day sponsored by the Colorado-New Mexico Federation of SNPJ lodges on Sunday, July 27, was a big success. It was held at Rye, Colorado, at the Prešeren Home. Many people attended the celebration from many different places. Of course, there were many juveniles present also. Once again: All members of Circle No. 1 are asked to attend meetings more often. ROSE STROVAS, Circle No. 1 Box 153, Rugby, Colorado. * CIRCLE NO. 2 HELPS SNPJ FARM CLEVELAND, O.—It wouldn’t be fair to our Circle and our adviser, Mrs. Ann Medvešek, who had full charge of this project, if someone did not make a complete account of our doings in the past months. The work our Circle could be proud of is on display in the cabins on the SNPJ Recreational Farm. The cabins were almost entirely refurnished. We bought about fifty yards of blue flowered cretone, out of which four bedspreads and eight pairs of drapes were made. The girls met three evenings at the homes of Marian Tratnik, Anna Cebul, and Mrs. A. Medvešek. On the Saturday before the official opening of the SNPJ farm in June, a number of the girls went there to clean and wash out the cabins. Then the spreads and drapes were put on, and all that added a pleasant and cozy appearance to the cabins. We were all pleased and satisfied after the work was completed. During the week of June 29 to July 6, four of us girls, namely, Marian and Irma Tratnik and Alma and Nada Zagar, occupied two of the cabins where we really enjoyed ourselves. On the Fourth of July we were invited by the caretakers, Mr. and Mrs. Gorjance, to a delicious chicken dinner. We thought that this was very thoughtful and generous on the part of the Gorjance family. With them acting as caretakers the farm took on a more homelike appearance, especially by their slanting of various kinds of flowers. Judging them by their generosity and their service their motto must be to please everyone. Thank you, Mr. and Mrs. Gorjance, once more. In the future I would like to see more letters from members of our Circle. ALMA ZAGAR, Circle No. 2, 1111 E. 66th St., Cleveland, O. * ACTIVITIES OF CIRCLE NO. 22 MCDONALD, PA.—Our Circle No. 22 took an educational bus trip to Pittsburgh on July 16. We went to a newspaper office and saw how they make the paper. We also went to the zoo, the Planetarium, KDKA broadcasting studio, and the airport. I am sure everyone had a very enjoyable time. We are also planning to have a wiener roast in August. Our Circle has been very busy printing a newspaper each month. We purchased a junior duplicator with which we print the paper. We are also going to participate in a program to be given Sept. 14 for the delegates of the SNPJ convention. In spite of the fact that our Circle is very active, none likes to write about our activities. At our meetings we pick one person to write to the M. L. and one for the Prosveta. In that way we hope to see more letters from our Circle. I want to thank the SNPJ for the check I received for my contributions in the M. L. I appreciate it very much. Some time ago I wrote about the cactus we have at home. It has just bloomed. It is a very pretty yellow flower, but it lasts only a few days. VIOLET MACHEK, Circle No. 22, R. D. No. 4, McDonald, Pa. * REPORT OF CIRCLE NO. 11 ARCADIA, KANS.—On Sunday, July 27, at Lincoln Park in Pittsburg, Kans., the young and old SNPJers had an enjoyable time. A picnic was held by the Jolly Kansans Circle No. 11. The park has a swimming pool, tennis court, golf course and several other facilities on which to play. Refreshments were served during the afternoon, and pictures were taken by our former secretary and adviser, Olga Knapich, who was on vacation here from Detroit, Mich. We also played armoryball. Johnnie Zibert brought his accordion along and furnished some fine music. Our August meeting was scheduled for the 3rd at Camp Fifty hall. Our former secretary, Fannie Galicich, transferred to the adult membership, and Dorothy Yoger replaced her in that position. We are hoping to see more new members at our meetings as well as news writers to the M. L. MARIE KUNSTEL, Circle No. 11. Arcadia, Kansas. CIRCLE NO. 20 AT SNPJ DAY EVENT AGUILAR, COLO.—Circle No. 20 is progressing very rapidly. We were scheduled to present a program at the SNPJ Day event July 27 at Rye, Colo. However, since time was short, we only had time to present two group songs, an accordion solo, and two short speeches by the president and the manager. The day was one of fun and pleasure. In the morning the meeting was held, at noon it began to rain. After the rain storm, we presented our program, then the dance began with Johnnie Shuster’s orchestra playing. I had a wonderful time at the dance, and it seemed that everyone else who attended did, too. There was really a crowd! It ended too early for me and my friends. My two girl friends had to leave on their vacation to Canon City early in the evening. I wished they could have stayed at the dance longer. Our Circle was scheduled to visit Circle No. 1, Wal-senburg, the third Sunday of last month. School is just around the corner. Come to think of it I’m going to be a sophomore this term. ROSE ANN PAULOVICH, President Box 537, Aguilar, Colorado. * DELAGUA CIRCLE 25 IS ACTIVE DELAGUA, COLO.—This is Circle 25 broadcasting its monthly news. Our Circle is progressing nicely. On the Fourth of July, we were in the Independence Parade and won first prize. There are five committees in our Circle. Each month we present a program, then we dance to the tunes of the Juvenile Orchestra. It is composed of Margaret Milita, accordion; Annie Harvatin, saxophone; Edith Harvatin, drums; Charlie Mon-tero, clarinet; Frank Montero, trumpet, and singing by Josephine Anselmo, Marie Bragazzi and Eda Montero. We are all proud to have them in our midst. Manager Joe Prunk is planning future events such as dancing, parades, picnics, etc. He is also (Continued on page 31) READY! Drawn by Mildred Padar, age 11, Brooklyn, N. Y. Lodge 580. A PAGE FOR ADVISERS OF JUVENILE CIRCLES By MARY JUGG Worthy Objectives Nothing is undertaken without an aim, a purpose. Nothing can be measured in terms of results unless we know what the purpose had been and is. A person sets up his aims in life either in periods, from time to time, or consistently holds to a purpose he has decided upon “once and for all.” As he progresses through life, he evaluates the outcome and the fruits of his effort in terms of the purpose he has set up. An army unit is set up with a definite purpose in view. It is also evaluated in terms of what that purpose intended to accomplish. A farmer will begin the various operations of his tasks only after he has some plan decided upon. At the end of the season or the end of the year he will measure the products of his labor in terms of what his purpose had been. A teacher will behave toward the children in the classroom exactly in the terms of the objectives or aims that have been set up. If the aim is to fill the students’ minds with a large volume of facts that can be useful in time of an examination, all the methods used will show that that is the result “aimed at”. If, on the other hand, the teacher has as the objectives the development of the abilities of human beings regardless of subject matter, then the entire procedure will be altered to suit the intended achievement. Our Society was probably founded either with the expressed or unexpressed aim of assisting our Slovene immigrants in the assimilation process that we call America. It may be that there were many other minor or divisional objectives that were in mind. If there were, the results as history will record them, will be measured in terms of the aims that had been set up. * Now it follows quite realistically that the aims and the results are frequently at variance. The life aims of an individual may fail of achievement when the results are measured in the light of them. The army may not have succeeded in accomplishing what it set out to do. The farmer in measuring the outcome of his original investment and his plans may find a great discrepancy. The teacher who set up one or another type of aim may be disappointed that the results are not what her purpose had been. Our Society, or any other, may terminate in an exact reversal of the aims that had been set up for it. This is a topic for the complete discussion of the methods used in striving for any of the accomplishments, their appropriateness to the aim set forth, their validity when tested in real situations, and a host of other things. This is not the place for the discussion of that topic. Hi It is important, however, in the matter of Juvenile Circles (as it is for every undertaking) that the Advisers singly or cooperatively formulate an objective or a set of objectives. This is fundamental to the entire functioning of the units. An ideal condition, of course, would be for the Advisers to formulate such objective or objectives cooperatively. It may not be possible. Once the objective is decided upon, then every method must bear the emphasis of trying to meet the particular objective. Every activity will be undertaken in the light of the objective. Every party, every field trip, every entertainment, every Circle meeting will be considered in the light of the objective. And every such activity will be adjudged, after it has taken place, as to whether it furthered the aim or was a deterrent in the organized plan. It would seem advisable for the Advisers of the Circles to pool their ideas of worthwhile aims for Circles, or for Circles in their relationship to the Society. Further, it would seem necessary to do so. It may be that the General Manager of the Circles could submit a list of such aims. However it is done, certainly no progress can result until cognizance is taken of this initial important step. As a starting-point it may be that the Circle can set up an objective the following: To make each member aware that every act of his is performed in such a way as to be a benefit to the group as a whole. What does this mean in specific terms? It means that in making preparations for a picnic, for example, the group tries to be helpful to each member that will participate. Are means of transportation provided for everyone? Is there someone who will have difficulty in attending either because of the distance or the small fee or any number of other things? In making the actual trip, will each member see that he actually is with the group at all times? If he has something interesting to contribute by way of observation, will he make that observation to the benefit of those involved? Will he always desist from separating away from the others, or drawing a few others with him, in such a way as not to break the spirit of the group or make himself a constant worry for the group leader or adviser? In the matter of games, lunch, and all the other details of behavior, will he always be considerate of others? Will he be polite in not casting remarks that might be considered as ridicule by those toward whom they are directed? Many more specific acts will follow as a corollary to this particular objective, and depending upon the situation to which it is applied. Such variations would be: regular meetings, parties, excursions to specific places, and many, many others. This, then, is the possibility of the interpretation of one objective. After any event, a meeting should follow to discuss how much of the objective has been achieved, and in how much there has been lack of achievement. This follow-up meeting is of greatest importance. It is only through it that the members can be made aware of the aims and of the expected behavior in the attainment of them. Such is only one suggestion. There must be many others. There should be a definite understanding of the various aims toward which each Circle and all the Circles are tended. Our Pen Pals Write (Naši čitateljčki pišejo) BACK TO SCHOOL Dear Editor:—Our vacation will soon be over, and we will soon have to go back to school. To fit the occasion, I have drawn a picture, entitled “Books and a Bribe,” also a composition. I hope it will be suitable for the next issue of the M. L. Drawn by The three dollar prize Ziia Bozanec, 14, which I received for my Worcester, N. Y., lodge 393 contributions during the first six months of 1941, made me very grateful and happy. Thank you very much. I am eleven years of age and belong to SNPJ lodge 580. My best regards to you and all M. L. readers.—Mildred Padar, 222 Wyckoff Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. >1« GET A GOOD EDUCATION Dear Editor:—It has been some time since I have written to this magazine. Since school has been out I have had a little more time to write and I hope I’ll be able to keep on writing. Our school—Snowden Twp. High—was out June 4. Since the pupils of our school live in different towns, I see very little of my friends and am waiting for school to begin on Sept. 2. I’ll be a sophomore, and the subjects I am taking are: English, literature, business, physical education and hygiene, history, home economics, typing and general science. Each of these periods is 45 min. long. We have a fine staff of teachers, a swell football, basketball, and soccer teams. My hobbies are collecting movies stars, especially the pictures of Tyron Power. The movie I liked best so far was “A Girl, a Guy, a Gob.’’ The manager of our theater is sponsoring a beauty contest; it’s open to any girl nearby between the ages of 14 and 26. The winner gets a free trip to Hollywood for a screen test, with all expenses paid. I hope everyone remembers this old saying: Get a good education before you get old; good education is better than gold; gold and silver melt away, but a good education will never decay. Best regards to all.—Mary Slrimlan (age 15), Box 24, Library, Pa. (Lodge 386) * "MUSIC IN THE BUS" Dear Editor:—I haven’t written before because I was very busy. On the Fourth of July we went to Aguilar, and we were in the parade. In the evening, I went to a dance. I had a very nice time. I spent two weeks in Aguilar and I saw many picture shows. I enjoyed myself there very much. We will start to go to school very soon. I will be a sophomore in Trinidad High School. I will be 14 years old when I am a sophomore. I enjoy riding the bus to Trinidad. About once a week we have music in our bus played by Margaret Milita on her accordion, and we really enjoy her music. In our homerooms in school we have many interesting things. I sing for the class every week; they ask me to sing and I never refuse. There are also several other good singers. We also have several good singers in our Circle No. 25. They are Josephine Anselmo, Eda Mon-tero, Charlie and Frank Montero. They like to sing and they sing very well. My best regards to all.—Marie Bragazzi, Box 371, Delagua, Colo. (Lodge 201) * WILL WRITE OFTEN Dear Editor:—This is my first letter to the M. L. I am in the second grade, and I will be seven years old on Sept. 13. My teacher said I was very smart in school. I would like to have some pen pals. It is my intention to write every month to this magazine.—Emma Bragazzi, Box 371, Delagua, Colo. (Circle 25) * IT S HOT IN ARKANSAS Dear Editor:—The last time I wrote to the M. L. I promised to write every month, so here I am writing again. At the present (July 23) it’s too hot and it seems to be getting much hotter. In the daytime the temperature is nearly 100°, but during the night it cools off. My brother came home from Chicago and stayed a week over the Fourth. I really had a good time during his vacation. I went with him and a group of friends in a car to Lake Ft. Smith, Ark., and the water was so nice and clear that we swam a long time. Then we went through the Ozarks. Boy! It was really lovely riding through the sweet smelling breezes. As we were returning from the Lake, we went to a tower which was nearby the Lake. The tower is 100 ft. high and the scenery is beautiful. That was the first time I was so far from home and I certainly enjoyed it. We all had a wonderful time. I received two picture postcards from Helen Sterbentz of Ohio. One of them belongs to Drawn by Ben Volk, age 16, Tonawanda, N. Y. Lodge 405. 1&VUNG »NOPE / JJROVyN'NG-UJ OR MSy my hobby collection. In return, I sent her two postcards of Arkansas. Wishing all a good summertime and good luck to all.—Annie Čretnik, R. 2, Box 425, Ft. Smith, Ark. (Age 14, Lodge 24) * IN UPPER PENINSULA Dear Editor:—I was very glad to see my first letter printed in the M. L., so I will try and write another one. I got two pen pals since I wrote to the M. L. They are Hedy Sterle and Barbara Jean Scott. I was very glad to hear from them; I hope I hear from some more pen pals. During the summer vacation I am having a lot of fun, swimming, picnicking, and hiking. There are many nice lakes for fishing in the Upper Peninsula. Best regards to all.—Lorraine Sierle (age 10), Box 185, Trenary, Mich. (Lodge 387) * OUR THREE-DAY TRIP Dear Editor:—On July 3, my parents and I left for Crested Butte, Colo., for a vacation and to visit some friends. We arrived there at 3 o’clock the same day. The next day, July 4, we went on a picnic up the Taylor river. There I saw more fishermen than I’ve ever seen before. That afternoon we went up to the Taylor dam. This dam is a government project and supplies irrigating water for the Grand Junction region. The next day, July 5, was the most exciting day for all. We took a 200 mile circle trip to Montrose. We went through Summerset where my father stopped for a short while. Then we continued our journey on to Paonia, where a farmer showed us his orchard of 15 varieties of cherries. We brought home 50 pounds of cherries which I helped pick. Then we went through Delta on to Montrose where we spent the afternoon shopping and looking around. From Montrose we went through the Black Canyon region, to the city of Gunnison, and back to Crested Butte. On Sunday, July 6, we left for home. On our way we stopped at Canon City and Pueblo. I had a good time and enjoyed my trip, but was glad to get home. Now I am looking forward to my trip to Chicago and will write about it next month.-—William Tomsic, 823 W. 7th St., Walsen-burg, Colo. (Lodge 299) * RACES NET HER $6.25 Dear Editor:—I certainly waited long for the July issue of the Mladinski List. I was at the post office nearly every day. I had a swell time on the Fourth and I hope that everybody enjoyed this holiday too. I participated in several races: the potato race, relay race, roller skating race, backward wagon race, three-legged race, and the girls’ running race. On these races I made $6.25. My girl friend and I attended a vacation camp at Lake Eshquaguma. There were over 50 other girls and boys. The most exciting thing was a banquet held on Friday evening. Very often, boys and girls went swimming. The advanced swimmers went in at a scheduled time, and the beginners had their own time. Sometime there was a family swim. There were many other things to do. A person certainly meets many friends at camp. I think that the front covers of the ML are very attractive. I enjoy them immensely. Of course, all the credit goes to the ML artists. It’s not such a long time until school starts again. Gee whiz, we have to start studying again. I’ve run out of words so I’ll close. Luck to all.—Florence Alich (age 13), Box 607, Aurora, Minn. (Lodge 111) * A LETTER FROM AMBRIDGE Dear Editor:—After reading the Mladinski List for a number of years, I decided it was about time for me to write a letter. I am sixteen years old and attend the Ambridge Senior High School. I am in my junior year, and am taking the commercial course. School ended on May 23, followed by our school picnic on May 29. The picnic was held at Kennywood Park near Pittsburgh, Pa. I have one brother; he is fourteen years old and is a freshman in high school. Very few people from Ambridge write to this fine magazine but they may decide to write after they see my letter. I wish to say hello to Josephine Kovacic of Euclid, Ohio, a friend of mine. Hoping that everyone has a nice summer vacation. I would like to correspond with some of the Slovene girls and boys. Best regards to all.— Mary Yanchar, 1518 Merchant St., Ambridge, Pa. (Lodge 699). FROM THE STATE OF WASHINGTON Dear Editor:—It has been a long time since I have written last to this fine magazine, the Mladinski List. These very hot summer days make me feel lazy but at last I got ambitious enough to write. It has been very hot this summer here in this part of Washington. A week ago we had a thunderstorm and lightning started 35 fires up around the Lake Quinaut area. However, they were all brought under control except one which is still burning (July 22) and is destroying the forest. There are men fighting it all the time and I do hope they stop it soon. After being so hot and dry it easily caught on fire when lightning struck it. My sister Rosie and I got a typewriter this summer. It is a Royal portable and we are so happy about it. By the time this letter is published (that is, if it is) we will all be back in school again. I really don’t mind starting school this year. I wonder if my being a senior makes any difference. Here are some riddles: 1. Why is a dog dressed warmer in summer than in winter? A.: In winter he wears a fur coat, and in summer he wears a fur coat and pants. 2. What is the difference between homicide and pig killing? A.: One is assault with intent to kill and the other is a kill with intent to salt. 3. What is the difference between a gossip woman and a looking glass? A.: One talks without reflecting and the other reflects without talking. What two numbers can you multiply together to produce seven as a product? A.: Seven and one. I would like to say hello to all of my pen pals, and I wonder what happened to June Ribic of Cleveland, Ohio. She hasn’t answered since I sent her my picture. I am sorry if you were that disappointed, June. So many pen pals have asked me for my picture and as I do not have enough for every one, I decided to send one to the M. L., hoping that the editor will be kind enough to publish it for me. (Picture is too small to be reproduced.—Ed.) I hope everyone had a very nice vacation. Best regards to all.—Helen Matko (age 16), Rte. 1, Box 244, Hoquiam, Wash. (Lodge 560) * "THANK YOU" Dear Editor:—I wish to thank the SNPJ for the $1 award which I received for my contributions. This, I am sure, will be an inspiration and encouragement to continue writing to the M. L.—• Frances Pogoreltz (age 16), 539 Highland, Canons-burg, Pennsylvania. * MY FOUR PETS Dear Editor:—This is my very first letter to the Mladinski List. I am ten years old and will be in the fifth grade when school begins again. I go to Orillia Public School. I am staying with my cousins Helen and Rosie Matko in Hoquiam, Wash., and am having a very nice time. Today we went to Lake Quinault and had fun. I have four pets at home. They are: two dogs, Spotty an Billy; a cat, Timy, and a rabbit, Snowflake. I am sending a picture I drew of my dog and would like very much to see it in the Mladinski List. It is drawn with India ink. Best regards to all.—Margie E. Matko, Rte. 1, Box 54, Renton, Wash. (Lodge 377) * FULL-FLEDGED JUNIOR Dear Editor:—Not seeing many letters from Chisholm, I decided that I’d better write. This is my first letter to the M. L. I am fifteen years of age and am a junior in the Chisholm High School. Our school year was over on June 6 and will start again in September. Reading this educational magazine during the summer months will help me to be a full-fledged junior when school begins. In the July issue of the ML I read about the winners for the first six months, and would like to congratulate them for their fine work! That’s all I can write about now, but I promise an interesting letter next month.-—Helen Kochevar, 214 7th St. So. W., Chisholm, Minn. (Lodge 110) * SIXTY PEN PALS! Dear Editor:—Although I am reluctant to admit it, this is only my third letter to the M. L. But in the future I promise to write more often. I have been a member of the SNPJ lodge Lipa for 16 years, and am proud to say so! My hobby is writing to pen pals, and postcard collecting. I have 28 pen pals and 33 postcard exchangers! It has been only two months since I have started this hobby, and I've found it to be very interesting. And folks, you’d be surprised at what wonderful letters the pen pals write. Postcards are very beautiful and plenty of fun to look at, also. Still, I would like to have more pen pals and postcard axchangers. I will answer all letters promptly. So hurry up, pen pals. I’ll be waiting for your letters. I wish some boy pen pal would write, also. Oh! yes, and I wish Mary Klevisher and Joe Drnach will read this letter, so as to remember to write also. Regards to all.—Diane Mahnic (17), 1136 E. 71st St., Cleveland, Ohio. * MORE PEN PALS WANTED Dear Edtior:—In reality it had not occurred to me that the publication of letters has taken so long. The realization of this obstacle has caused me to hasten up a bit. Previous to this letter, I spent a vacation in Cleveland, Ohio. I had a most enjoyabel time, and I am looking forward to another like it. To signify their graduating high-school, most pupils buy class rings. Having reached the eleventh or junior year, I am looking forward to receiving my ring. Since my first letter to the M. L. my letters of correspondence have increased greatly, but I assure you it would be a pleasure to receive even more. Here’s hoping for more new correspondents. In conclusion I would like to ask all the readers of the M. L. if they know of any person in the U. S. by the name of Pechulin. If so, will you please write to me and let me know?—Daisy Pechulin, P. O. Box 185, Yukon, Pa. (Lodge 117) * FROM A SOPHOMORE Dear Editor:—The M. L. has been a fine magazine, but won’t more contributors make it finer yet? I would like to say “Hello pen pals of mine” to Delma Tomsick, Washington; Wilma Glazer, Ohio; June Ribic, Ohio, and Leona Postich, Pennsylvania. During my high school I expect to take an art course, with mathematics as my major subject. English is also my favorite. I play viola in the high school orchestra and sing soprano in the chorus. I have brown hair and eyes, am 5 ft. 2 in. tall and weigh 101 pounds. I am 14 and will be a sophomore (2nd year high) when school rolls around again. I would like to receive cards from every state in the Unions—Ziia Bozanic, Worcester, N. Y. * "VACATION IS SWELL" Dear Editor:—Summer vacation is surely swell. I was playing so much that I nearly forgot to write a letter, but my brother Dan did not and told me to write. He also is helping me. But he said he does not have anything to say because he is busy playing ball. I play with him sometimes, too. He said it would be nice if we had a Juvenile Circle here like many other places have. This way we wouldn’t have so much time to play ball. I hope some day we come to a place where they have a Circle, so that when we grow up we will know more about the SNPJ and its work.—Danica Gostovich (age 8), Box 531, Raton, New Mexico. (Lodge 297) * ENJOYS THE ML Dear Editor:—This is my second letter to this, fine magazine. I wish to write more. Having only one pen pal, Dorothy Visnikar of Illinois, I wish to have more, especially from some distant states. I think I am the only one from Russellton, Pa., that writes to the Mladinski List. I do enjoy reading this magazine very much. My sister and I are the only ones that wrote to the Mladinski List from this town so far. I am going to start waking some of the other juveniles in our lodge to start writing to this magazine. I’ll write more in my next letter. That will be after school starts again, or even sooner. Best regards to one and all.—Nellie Hwaslow (12), Box 40, Russellton, Pa. * TEN PEN PALS FROM PENNA Dear Editor:—First of all, I wish to thank the SNPJ for the award I received. It made me happy and urged me to send in more contributions for the following months. I have nine pen pals and most of them are from Pennsylvania. A few weeks ago another girl from Penna sent me a letter, so that is another pen pan on the list. It is fun to have pen pals from all over the United States. I like to answer their letters in my spare time. Writing to the ML is also lots of fun. Here in La Salle, today, July 30, the air is so oppressive and stuffy that it is very uncomfortable. I hope that this hot spell will soon fade away. I like warm weather, when cool breezes blow, but I hate hot weather when there is no breeze at all. I am enclosing a picture of a Scottish terrier which somewhat resembles my own Scot—Pudgy. —Dolores Udovich (12), R. 1, Box 90, La Salle, 111. (Lodge 573) * AT THE OHIO SNPJ DAY Dear Editor:—On July 4, we attended the Second Annual Ohio SNPJ Day in Girard, Ohio. We had a swell time there. There were many people from different cities present. My cousin lives there and so we visited her and brought her back with us to Cleveland for vacation. My Dad had his two-weeks vacation at the same time. We went on a trip to Detroit, Mich. We started at 5:30 in the morning and arrived there at 2 o’cloik in the afternoon. We saw the liberty bell made of grass and flowers. We stayed at our friend’s house. They took us across the Detroit River to see Canada. After we returned to Cleveland, we took our cousin back to Girard and I went with her on my vacation. Regards to all.—Mary Knafelc (14), 13312 St. James Ave., West Park, Cleveland, Ohio. (Lodge 257) * DOWN ON THE FARM Dear Editor:—This is my first letter to the Mladinski List. I am eight years old, and I passed to the third grade. I belong to the SNPJ for eight years; my brother and father are members of the lodge, too. I live on a farm and help my grandfather by riding the mule, hoeing corn and potatoes, etc. It’s lots of fun working on the farm. I would like to have some pen pals between the ages of eight and ten. Best regards to all.—James May, R. D. 4, Johnstown, Pa. (Lodge 289) * "PERSONAL WORK" Dear Editor:-—I was very happy when I received the check from the SNPJ for my contributions in the M. L. I noticed that Joseph Madera, member of our Lodge, was also rewarded for his contributions. I hope this will inspire other members of SNPJ lodge 292 to join us to make the magazine seem really ours, “with personal work in it.” On Sunday, July 27, I attended a picnic at West View. I also attended the Pennsylvania SNPJ Day on June 22 at Strabane. Many people were present at this event and everyone enjoyed the affair and its program. Our Lodge will have the honor in October to have the Slovene federation meet here. They met twice before in our Slovene Home and we enjoyed having them here. Our town had some excitement for a day recently when two freight trains crashed one mile from Avella. Best regards to all.—Doroihy Dermoita (17), Box 101, Avella, Pa. (Lodge 292) * WANTED—PEN PALS Dear Editor:—This is my first letter to the M. L. I am 13 years of age, and am in the eighth grade. I have had a high average in school last year. I hope I will continue doing good work this year. And since I joined Circle 25, I have had so much fun. I have read every issue of the M. L. and will continue. When we went to Aguilar for the Fourth of July, we all enjoyed ourselves. We saw many interesting things there. I saw the very exciting picture, “Buck Privates,” and liked it very much. Everyone has been telling me how much fun it is to have pen pals. I would like to have some pen pals. I would also like to see many other letters in the M. L. from Delagua. So wake up, Delagua kids, and write! Regards to all.—Frances Milita, Box 323, Delagua, Colo. (Circle 25) * BETTY'S BEST PLAYER Dear Editor:—This is my first letter in three years to this fine magazine. We have to go to Raton to pay our lodge dues. All of our family is in the SNPJ. In the July issue I saw where John Tezak of Crested Butte, Colo., says his school color is purple and gold; ours is, too. I got a medal for best player on the basketball team. On July 27, I went to Rye, Colo., to the First SNPJ Day in this part of the country. I had a lot of fun. The Aguilar Circle gave a program, and my cousin, Mitzi Kosernick, presented a beautiful bouquet of flowers to the main speaker from Chicago. I wish to say hello to Pauline Kober of Jenners, Pa. Ou Aug. 10, there was a big picnic in Pueblo. I would like to have some pen pals. I am 13 years old and in the eighth grade. Regards.—Elizabeth Rodman, Box 699, Van Houten, N. Mex. (Lodge 416) * A NEW SCHOOL BUS Dear Editor:—-This is my second letter to the M. L. School is almost here. I will be a junior this September when school starts. We are getting a new bus and I am sure we will all enjoy it. I have had a very happy vacation. I also had a very good time in all of the activities that our Circle 25 has been sponsoring. We were in an Independence Day Parade for the Fourth of July. We won first prize and received many compliments. 1 wish some of our members will draw some pictures to be published in this magazine. I know they can draw, because I have seen some of their drawings. Our Circle meets the second Sunday of each month, and we all have a swell time. I want to say hello to my pen pals. I wish they would all answer soon. I would also like to have some more pen pals.—Margaret Milita, Box 323, Delagua, Colo. (Circle 25) * LIKES M. L. VERY MUCH Dear Editor:—This is my first letter to the M. L. I like this magazine very much. Recently, we went to a picnic and we all had a good time. I have been in the SNPJ lodge for a long time, and now we also have a Circle. I would like to have some pen pals. I am 10 years old and am in the fifth grade. My birthday is on Aug. 19. I will write more next time. Regards to all.—Anna Cernoia, Delagua, Colo. (Circle 25) OUR OWN JUVENILE CIRCLE (Continued from page 25) planning to take our Circle to the West Theater in Trinidad. Charlie Montero is manager of our softball team. All the members of our Circle are cooperating in our programs. In addition, they are helpful in other endeavors. Recently they collected aluminum for National Defense. Although Delagua is a small town, we collected 20 lbs. of aluminum. We are standing by our name, the Delagua Redskins. MARIE BRAGAZZI and MARGARET MILITA, Circle No. 25, Delagua, Colorado. Introducing Book Friends By Beiiy Jartz Aluminum, In Oberlin, a town just a little southwest of Cleveland, there lived a boy who was very eager to learn. His greedy appetite for education led him to dip into many subjects. He was especially interested in science and chemistry. While most boys his age were amusing themselves with cow-boy and Indian fights, base-ball heroes and such, this boy had his fun by spending his spare money on chemical equipment which he got from Oberlin College, so that he could experiment in his shed at home. While he was studying at college, a lecturer in chemistry told the class that anyone who would discover a way to extract aluminum from nature would not only benefit humanity, but would make a comfortable fortune for himslef. The lad turned to his classmate and said, “I’m going for that metal.” This determined young man experimented with all known methods until finally he decided to try extracting the precious metal with electricity. It was no easy matter to get enough electricity with which to experiment. Today we wouldn’t even stop to think what a tough problem he was beset with. Most of us would say that all he had to do was to push a switch and there it is. In those days, however, there were no power plants. In fact, not even the dynamos were doing their labor-saving work, so he had to make up his own batteries. This meant that he had to have quite a few of them in order to get enough current to melt the metal away from its wedded state in nature. Charles Martin Hall was only twenty-two years old when he went to his professor and exclaimed, “Professor, I’ve got it!” In the palm of his hand he held a dozen little globules of pure aluminum. This occurred on the 23rd of February, 1886. Before that time aluminum was a rare and expensive metal. Do you think that after his discovery it was easy going for Hall? Oh, no! First, in France, Paul Heroult, another searcher for aluminum, discovered the same process two weeks after Hall made his discovery. A lot of trouble arose from this, but it was finally decided to give Hall the American patent rights and Heroult the European rights. Then, again, Hall had trouble with American big business. When he first begged them to take advantage of his discovery, big business rejected his plea. Later, when big business saw that Hall was going to make a lot of money, they tried to beat him out of his patent. There was a lot of legal fuss. However, Judge William Howard Taft, who later became president of the United States, ruled that the patent rights belonged to Hall. It was good that this decision was made, for not only did the earnest young man receive his rightful reward, but also because Hall left his entire estate for the promotion of education in America and the Orient, when he died in 1914. All this material on the discovery of aluminum is gathered from the book, Young Chemists and Great Discoveries, by James Kendal, Profesor of Chemistry in the University of Edinburgh and General Secretary of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. This book also contains accounts of the lives and discoveries of other renowned chemists. Humphry Davy, Michael Faraday, William Henry Perkins, Louis Pasteur, Madame Curie, Dmitri Ivanovitch Mendelejeff are only a few of them. Only a few of the great men of science, who more than any others have made our present high standard of living possible, are given the recognition they deserve. The Soviet Government started a good thing when it issued special postage stamps to commemorate the centenary of Mendelejeff. Madame Curie was also honored when several countries issued stamps with her likeness on them. The great men and women of science with all their responsibilities were not always severe and looking into test tubes, but were as pleasant and jolly and human as their fellowmen. Madame Curie and her husband were married by civil ceremony, and then they made a bicycle tour of France for their honeymoon trip. This was a very happy period in their lives. Michael Faraday declined knighthood just as he declined the presidency of the Royal Scientific Society. He wanted to be plain Michael Faraday to the last. When Mendelejeff was to appear before the Tsar, he was asked if he would have his hair cut for the occasion. He replied to the effect that he cut his hair only once a year, in spring, when warm weather was due; and that he didn’t propose to alter his habits. Not even for the Tsar. “Lives of great men all remind us We can make our lives sublime, And, departing, leave behind us Footprints on the sands of Time.” L ’ J&y ^hiRt^ Sally has found only one of the Puppies. See if you can find the others in the picture. ANSWERS TO PUZZLES ON JUST FOR FUN PAGE Brain Teasers: 1. series 2. 30 years 3. one-fourth X-Am: 1. Sun 2. Wine 3. Beauty 4. Love 5. Moon Another Mix-Maich: 1. Rail Splitter 2. Maid of Orleans 3. Brown Bomber 4. Manassa Mauler 5. Broncho Buster 6. Old Hickory Do You Know It: 1. (3) 2. (2) 3. (1) 4. (2) Puzzlers: 1. 1—Peach 2—Apple 3—Plum 4—Raisin 2. now, own, won 3. Many brave hearts are asleep in the deep. Midget Poems: 1. clothes 2. flee 3. SNPJ. What Do You Know About the Following: 1. Wiscus span in Peruvian Andes, 15,000’ above sea level. 2. False, it goes the same way. 3. True 4. True Scrambled Cars: 1. Nash 4. Plymouth 2. Buick 5. Ford 3. Packard 6. Chevrolet (Answers to Find the Animals on Page 9) The names of the animals to be found in “Find the Animals” puzzle are found in the following order: 1. Cat. 8. Bull. 2. Rat. 9. Horse. 3. Donkey. 10. Rhinoceros. 4. Dog. 11. Otter. 5. Monkey. 12. Giraffe. 6. Bear. 13. Cow. 7. Hare. 14. Lion. 15. Zebra. Jefferson on Criticism He who fears criticism is hopeless. Only those who do things are criticized. The idler is lost sight of in the march of events, but the doer is watched and criticized. To hesitate for fear of criticism loses the battle while he doers march on to victory and triumphs. To hesitate for fear of criticism is cowardly. If your cause is right, be not afraid of criticism; advocate it, expound it, and, if need be, fight for it. Criticism to the strong-minded is a help rather than a hindrance. Stand for that which is good; be a doer, not a drone; look the world in the face and let the critics criticize. —Thomas Jefferson. Birthday Tramp—Lady, I’m hungry. Could you give me a piece of cake? Lady—Isn’t bread good enough for you? Tramp—Yes, ma’am, but you see today is my birthday. What About Your Circle? Is It Active? Am I a Worthy Juvenile of the SNPJ? I, a member of the SNPJ Juvenile Department and a recipient and regular reader of the Mladinski List, want to ask myself as follows: • Do I write letters to the Mladinski List or otherwise contribute something I think I am able to? If not, why not? • Do I care to join an SNPJ Juvenile Circle in my town knowing that one exists? If not, why not? • Do I care to work for organizing an SNPJ Juvenile Circle in my town knowing that none exists as yet? If not, why not? • Am I prone to show my Mladinski List, after I am through reading it, to my closest friends with the wish that they, too, may enjoy reading it? If not, why not? • Do I talk in praiseworthy terms about the SNPJ Juvenile Department to my boy friends and girl friends, not members as yet, in order that they, too, may join and be as happy about it as I am? If not, why not? Yes, Why Not? What Am I Doing to Be a Worthy Juvenile of the Slovene National Benefit Society?