1 A Yugoslav Weekly Devoted to tho	
Interest of tho Workers	
w OFFICIAL ORGAN OF	•
j. s. F. and Its Educational Bureau ,	
	•

"t
AREC
ST. — NO. 2207
Published Weekly at 2301 S. Lawndale Ave.
EDUCATION	>
ORGANIZATION CO-OPERATIVE
COMMONWEALTH
CHICAGO, ILL., March 22, 1950
A Tale of Two Judges
A contrast between two judges provides "food for-thought.
In New York, Federal Judge Medina, despite extreme provocation from lawyers for 11 top Communists, patiently gave the Reds" a fair trial. A jury convicted them of "conspiring to overthrow the government by violence."	*
An anti-Communist organization decided to pay tribute to Medina by inviting him to be its guesf of honor at a "dinner. The judge declined, on the ground that he "would appear to be taking sides in a matter tried before me and now pending on appeal." Medina said he wanted to avoid the slightest reflection on the "integrity of the courts."
- 1 °n the same day, at Cleveland. Federal Judge Jones talked to a group of newly naturalized citizens. Instead of trying to inspire them with the history and ideals of our country, he gave them a bitter tirade against labor unions and against the "right to strike."
Could a union or its members get as fair a trial in Jones court as even Communists could get in Medina's? If more judges were like Jones, and fewer like Medina, how long would the American people keep their faith in the impartiality of the courts? — Labor.
The Soviet's Ruble Revaluation
We are not much impressed by either Moscow's or Washington's interpretation of the significance of the ruble's revaluation. It is not as sensational a proof of growing financial strength as the Soviet government would have us believe; but neither can it be written off as a purely propaganda effort. The statement of the Soviet Council of Ministers announced that henceforth the ruble would have a fixed exchange value of 25 instead of 19 cents, and declared that "the purchasing power of the ruble has become higher than its official exchange rate." Actually the ruble was overvalued at the former rate and will be still more overvalued at the new. For even though its goid content will theoretically make it equivalent to 25 cents, it does not have anything like thai amount of purchasing power. Prices in Russia remain extremely high. Allowing for cuts announced simultaneously with the revaluation. Will Lissner of the New York Times finds that butter costs $4.58 a pound in Moscow, tea $16.32 a pound, eggs $5.10 a dozen, and men's shoes (calf) $85 a pair. Obviously no one will y illingly change dollars for rubles in these circumstances, and if the Soviet government were to permit the test of convertibility, foreign owners of rubles would certainly hasten to turn them into gold. On the other hand, it is noteworthy that since the currency reform of December, 1947, the Soviet government has three times been able to reduce prices of a wide range of commodities. This suggests a steady rise in the supply of consumer goods in relation to the supply of money and an improvement in the Russian standard of living, low as it undoubtedly still is compared with that in most Western countries. The fact that it is moving up rather than down may well impress workers in Asia and even perhaps in France and Italy, where the post-war trend of r^al wages has been downward. — The Nation.
'Pill Trust'
Vol. xlv
Two of the largest drug manu facturinf companies in the coun try were charged by the Depart ment of Justice with attemping to gain a monopoly over the manufac ture of hard gelatine capsules These are the litle pellets in which many medicines are swallowed, us pecial those with an unpleasant taste. '
Control of the machines which make the^ capsule« has permitted the two companies. Parke, Davis St Company and Eli Lilly & Com pany, to produce 90 per cent of al sold in the country, the govern ment charges. It asks that the machines, »and "know-how" for their use, be made available to other drug companies to prevent further price-fixing and other "restrictive" practices.
REFLECTIONS
*
By Raymond S. Hofses .
Both great organizations bt tween the capitalist economy and
American workers are now de manding upward revision of the Social Security standards. So is the Socialist Party..
It is, therefore, as an advocate of a higher level of security — which means more spending of Federal dollars at a time when the national debt is at its all-time peake with the nation operating on a gigantic budget that still leaves a deficit of $5 billions in a single year — that this column now calls attention to a danger in what both unions and the Socialist Party is advocating
Socialists can agree with the opposition of big and little business interests and the middleclass barnacles that cling to the capitalist economy who cry that capitalism itself is endangered by accepting a greater burden than capitalism c4n stand.
If the word "capitalism" is here given monotonous repetition, it is because that is precisely what this column is talking about. And so we admit that our "free" capitalist economy is doomed if the aged and the unemployed — both of which are increasing in number — are to be given the high living standards which both unionists and socialists want every American to have.'
However there are at least two points upon which oocialists stand alone.
First is that socialists don't want the capitalist economy to continue, while most of the leadership of our unions do.
Second is that socialists have a program for another kind of economy to take the place of the capitalist private-profit system, and union leadership doesn't.
the nation itself.
Capitalism cant function in a democratic society unless the ownership of the nation's resources are vested in private hands and unless the private owners able to exploit those resources and the nation's workers for their own profit.
The growth of unemployment is positive proof that the' owners are NOT able to exploit a large and growing portion of the people. And the demand for high levels of social security which both unionists and socialists are making is a direct attack upon the profits which make capitalist system possible in a free" society.
But however the economy may be undermined and weakened, the NATION still stands as ia— with all its land, its minerals and metals, its machines, its railroads and trucks and able working people.
The system may die, but the nation will live on—if the people organize to manage it.
Too Many Potatoes? That's a 'Problem'. To U. S. Capitalism
WASHINGTON—Potatoes have become a serious national problem; not because we have too few, but because we have too many. That is, we have too many to sell the American people at the present high prices.
In the recent weeks orders have been given to dump (that Is to destroy or use for animal feed) tons upon tons of spuds, and plans have been made to support the price .of the 1950 potato crop at $1.01 per hundred lbs.
In the past few weeks hungry-people have been unable to buy these potatoes or to get adequate supplies of surplus potatoes through relief distribution.
And, last week, New Orleans potato men announced lhat they were buying spuds in Canada for sale in the USA because they were cheaper even after paying the freight.
All thi« may add support to the Brannan Plan, which provides that such perishable crops as potatoes should be sold in the market for what they wtll bring, and for the government to pay a subsidy directly to the farmer if the market price is below the parity price established by the Department of Agriculture. s
The crocodile tears of such reactionaries as Republican Senator McCarthy over the waste of good food should not obscure the fact that he and his collegues are the people who refused to apprlprlate money to make it possible for the Department of Agriculture to ship the potatoes to the places where needy people cah get them
Bad Medicine
The doctors in Houston have made the American Medical Association happier than an emperor whose subjects have presented him with a new diamond for his crown.
v Th* Harris County I Houston) Medical Society—one of the largest physicians' organizations in the United States—has voted its opposition to three bills pending in Congress. It has urged Texas Congressmen to oppose:
1—Any	extension,of social security.
2—Any	Federal aid for medical education.
3—Any	Federal aid for medical care for school children. Just how m.D.'s can do so much good in practicing their
profession and so much harm in fighting good government as it relates to their calling is beyond the power of understanding. _ 2	—League Reporter.
Labor's Political Poverty
The Resurrection of John L.
There are more angles to the recent victory won by John L. Lewis and his union of miners than can be covered in a single editorial. It is, of course, possible to point a derisive finger at these narrow-visioned individuals who gleefully, but prematurely proclaimed the demise of John L. Lewis as a leader of Labor. John is more alive now than he has been for a number of years. There is also that wage rise that the miners will get. We'll
See on this page a box which we clipped — believe it or not! — from the official CIO News. The story is that some CIO oil workers in Indiana have told Harry Truman that unless he gets rid of RoJ>ert N. Denham as NLRB general counsel, they are going to do something about it themselves.
And what are these union oil workers going to do?
Why they're going to vote straight Republican in 1950 and
1*52!
Good God! Is that still the choice that workers —- even Union workers — are making! After all the years of struggle and sacrifice; after all the campaigning and organizing; after Political Action Committee and Taft-Hartley; after wars, depressions, public debts, deficit budgeting and inflationary prices — after all the struggle, sacrifice and frustration that has been Labor's lot in life, can union workers still, think of nothing better than jumping back and forth between the Republican frying pan and the Democratic fire!
Such a threat will not worry those business interests that union workers accuse Robert i Denham of favoring. Neither did the election of Harry S. Truman and a Democratic Congress prevent those same ihterests from rolling up the greatest profits and paying out the largest dividends in history.
But Truman and the Democrats and Taft and the Republicans are alike in that the main consideration of both is the
if^^^i^^nri^l^n/^^^ matter up at some future time when increases preservation of an economy that simply can't function unless 1"J!X	11 P,aln that the	aren't tofifig; workers are exploited for the benefit of L ^nin^s
Now if Labor would threaten to vote Socialist — or even to
anything and that workers as a whole don't really gain when they fight for more dollars on a group basis but permit the capitalist economy to remain the way of life
But what we consider important enough to stre& at this time — chiefly because it is likely to be overlooked — is the significance of the operators' refusal to agree to a 200-working-day year for coal miners.	'
John L. would have made some other concessions to get thst *ind of guarantee. For what reason did the operators hedge9 And what is the significance of their reason?
We submit that the operators didn't enter into a 200-day agreement because they didn't feel safe in doing so. They just didn't believe that they could find a market for all the coal that miners could produce by working 200 days. And they feared that, from here on out, strike or no strike, miners will be idle a large part of the time.
- Well, what about the editorial writers and calamity howlers who made mucb of the money the miners were "losing" by striking? What do they say now, when the operators decide in advance that the losses win have to continue year after year? Are those anti-Lewisites ready to confess that they think it's very well for miners to be idle when the owners do the deciding and wrong only when miners time the lay-offs? — Read jug Labor Advocate.
THE LAST WORD
form a political party of their own to oppose both old parties they would deserve and get a great deal more respectful consideration. And if, instead of merely threatening, they would act independently in politics; workers neitKfa^wotrid consider jumping from one group of capitalist politicians to another now or flopping on the bandwagon of some future dictator who offers them bread in exchange for their freedom.
— Reading Labor Advocate.
PEOPLE DO IT
By Henry Jones
By Duffy
There's a lot oL fool-osophy in magazine cartoons and quips and some of it is rathor good — at times. . ,. At other times, some of it smells but at least it produces a chuckle for a moment.
Ohioan Discovers Lost liberty
You know how that old conservative line goes: The New Deal and the Fair Deal have taken away the liberties of the American people.
But try to get a conservative to list those liberties which have been
Socialists are sorry that the above points of differences exist between them and Organized Labor. £ut there is nothing to be gained by failing to recognize and admit a fact.
Socialists also are badly scared by the prospect of what will happen if the capitalist system collapses and the working people of the nation are not equipped with a plan for socializing and democratically-operating the means of production and distribution.
From Frying Pan to the Fire *
Thirty-three members of the * CIO Oil Workers Local 210, Hammond, Ind., feel so strongly H about Robert N. Denham that they signed a letter to President Truman warning him to oust the NLRB general counsel—or else
"Mr. President," they wrote, "if you do not take steps to remove this blot on the name of •Democracy from office, we, the undersigned, employes of So-cony-Vacuum Oil Co., of East Chicago, Ind., voicing the opinion of our brother workers, resolve to vote straight Republican in 1950 and 1952."
Two of the signers incidentally, live on Truman St., Hammond, Ind.-—CIO News, March 6, 1950
Not being committed to the capitalist way of life, socialists very properly recognize a difference be-
My Heart Leaps
By WILLIAM WORDSWORTH
My heart leaps up when I behold
A rainbow in the sky:
So It was when my life began;
So it Is now I am a man;
So be it when*l shall grow old,
Or let nfte die! The Child ia father to the Man; And I could wish my days to be Bound each to each by natural piety.
I read just the other day of a young lady who in commenting on the new dress styles sported by the so-called upper crust that at least the woman who wears them if she's single, will either catch herself
a man — or a cold.
• •
I liked that cartoon of a smart bird giving his girl a string and then adding that perhaps a little
later, he'd add the pearls • • •
Franklin P. Jones, whoever he "lost" and all that results is a lot I	be. remarked recently the
of flag waving but meaningless only reMOn some people never get oratroy.	lout of the woods is that they re
Sen. Robert Taft <R. Ohio) has	UP
rummaged around and discovered
the firat, live liberty which the I Non-golfers I've known have the new deal has snatched' from all same trouble but for other reasons of us.	• • •
It's the liberty to spend our mon- By the way, did you know that ey as we please. That's right. That's steel costs less than five cents a what the Senator says. He states: pound and that practically every The government is saying, in ef- thing else we buy costs a lot more feet, you have not the liberty to than that? The American Iron and spend the money which you have | Steel Institute says so in ad earned by the sweat of your brow but you must turn over one fourth i t
of it to the government and let the L They T"5""5,	? J"*
government decide wh.t the money	lhC1' ^ 8Ufar'8
_ . . ..	** I milk 20 centa a quart; bread 13
cents a pound; pork and beef, you
shall be spent for."
Senator, you're not serious when you say that the New Deal invented taxation, are you? Any history book will tell you that the Roman Empire, which came before the
know how much that costs; butter, at least 65 oents.
and
guy who buys one—that works. • • •
I wish it were posible for aii of us to adopt the philosophy of Will Rogers who declared that he had never met a man he didn't like."
U. S. stockholders last year received the biggest total of dividends in history—more than S6 5 billion. That was 7 per cent more than they were paid in 1948. according to the Department pf Commerce.
The Department computes all publicly-reported cash dividends. Because only 60 or 65 per cent of such payments are reported publicly, the actual dividend figure far exceeded $6.5 billion.
Now what is all that stuff about there being no chance for "venture capital" — a favorite term of the Wall Street economists — to earn profits?
And what about the Taft-Martin-Byrd line that private enterprise is on the rocks?
SOFAR is a life-saving bomb, and so far about the only life-saving use for bombs It's a small bomb to be dropped by wrecked planes or vessels,-to explode at a critical under-water depth. Its explosion can »be heard by the proper apparatus 2000 miles away, in Frisco, Sacramento or Hawaii, and by timing and triangulation, the exact location where it was dropped determined Its name is sort for Sound Fixing and Ranging. Sounds Uke a good thing, and the press reports: Lack of fends so far lias prevented installation of similar stations on the East Coast."
Next time you follow the papers for days to read some hectic account of planes scouting the ocean for a wreck, remember this is one of the various things we can't afford to do because it takes all we can spare to get ready to bump each other off instead. It may even get to where it takes so much for this purpose that we can't afford

Premilinary investigation by the House Select Committee on Lobby* ing Activities shows that nearly 500 groups have spent S27 million to try to influence Congressional leg-
islation^nce,946	Bake in hot air, furnished free by
«»nrv n i only pa r t of the Congress, and store in relief agen
^Tkk inyaTlK lh€h^dredS 'cies to dok* out ^ the next de-of lobbyists in Washington register pression
with the Clerk of the House, as	• •
to live in^the manner we're accustomed to.
F'rinstance it seems we're headed to spend about S25 billion more a year on H-bomb defense, and that's just a start at dispersing the big cities, coastal ones first. And then it costs a bit to throw so much stuff away. Just to be helpful, we submit this Recipe for a Fair Deal Handout:
. Take 219 million dozen eggs, 23 million pounds of cheese, 89 million pounds of butter, all slightly stale, and 189 million pounds of dried milk, thinned out with as much water as New York City has to spare. Stir well. Add in the 25 billion bushels of potatoes that didn't get* dumped and the 400 million surplus bushels of wheat.
Luck and pluck are the twin
New Deal by a WW years, levied combination® to syccess, one sage taxes.	- —	remarks—luck in finding someone
Senator, you'd better go back to to pIuck your economic woods and try again! |
Have you seen the picture Strom .. -	.boli with Iftgrid Bergman, directed
Unfortunate V	by her Rossellini? It's bill as "rag-
I have an awful hard time catch- ing island—raging passion?" So far ing people's name« when I'm in- we've read a dozen reviews of it troduced," said a business man. —and they all are unanimous in "So do I," said the other, "but I their regard for the picture The found a good way to get around | verdict: it stinks! that. Instead of asking to have
the name repeated. I look intelli-l Chairman Wayne C 0 y of the gent and say, Pardon me. Do you Federal Communications Commis spell your name with an I or an sion, has stated that "Radio broad-~ U wor*f f,ne	casting is potentially our most powl
I know," said the first business erful medium of public education." man "I used to do that. But one Did you know that: 95 per cent day I was introduced to a new of all our homes are equipped with customer, and she never bought a radio«?
th!?* " fJ A .	25 P*r cent of all our automo
How d that happen?"	blie8 are equipped with radios?
r ^V. Tfl Was lntrodu^d. Surveys show Americans spend r didn t catch her name; so I asked I more spare time listening to radios
her whether she spelled it with an J than for any other single activity? e or an J.	• ♦ • .
muk.!____ . •	______i
A pessimist i« one who buys two life-time pens. An optimist (is a
provided by law. This is because the law is so vague.
No estimate of the total amount of money spent on lobbying each year is available. The committee's figures are based on the reports made to the House Clerk.
The committee plans to begin hearings soon on all phases of the big lobbying industry in Washing-
tpn.	»
What was her name?" •Hill,"

h
✓
Experts 'Play Tunes' on Books 1
Here's something a lot of people have suspected, and which now is confirmed by a man who knows what he is talking about—Harry A. McDonald, chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
"In ii>e hands of an expert," McDonald told the Senate Banking Committee, "a balance «hect or income statement is like a musical instrument: he can make it play any tune he wants."
In other word!, expert accountants can make a corporation's "books" show a profit to please stockholders and tempt unwary investor«, and a los« when it« workers ask wage increases or Upcle Sam comes collecting taxes.
M A, VL. .
• Eggs and cheese and butter and bombs are facts. To write words about them even in lawbooks does not change the facts as much as the consumption of one cheese omelet. Terms like overproduction and-underconsumption and standards of living are even further away from such facts as those eggs that are beginning to develop an odor and that actual butter that probably is getting rancid. A H. Korzybski, the semanticist who got a lot of people into the habit of distinguishing be tween a word and a fact, and looking for the thing that the word referred to, died last week without making nearly as much noise in this world as if he had killed a lot of people^If we survive the H-bombs, mnV>e can keep out of some messes by making sure that our words refer to, and thus think
in terms of facts instead of the noises we get off our chests. Maybe with Hayakrfwa and the rest of the semantics, especially if they'll only keep clear of the notion that they can have a cure-all, we can steer clear of calling a party dictatorship a "dictatorship of the proletariat," and the suppression of civil liberties the preservation of our freedom.
• • •
»
Are you inclined to let your eye glance down at young ladies' ankles and thereabouts? We hear that shortly you will see something new. the seam of the stocking in front instead of back. Just why, this long-established observer of the field cannot say, but it may be a^ stunt akin to this proposal to change the color of the currency, making the nylon hose that got hoarded during the shortage, out of date, and thus stimulate sales. Wonder if there'll be any war over
it like the one over the new look?
i _____________
How About You?
Should radio c6medians be allowed to laugh loudly into the microphone at their own jokes, or to have "stooges" do the laughing for them? Two congressmen, Phillips of California and Gore of Tennessee. are getting "fed up" with it, and at a Congressional hearing asked Wayne Coy, chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, to do something about it.
Coy indicated he doesn't exactly like the loud and artificial radio "ha-ha's" himself, but said there are a lot of different kinds of Americans, »and maybe some of them enjoy listening to manufactured laughter. How about you?
What Is Wrong?
For countless years, Boston has annually held meetings in historic Faneuil Hall, the "Cradle of American Liberty," to honor the birthdays of Washington and Lincoln. Last year, only 34 people showed up. This year it was "called off' by Mayor Hynes, on the ground of "lack of public interest."
What's happened to Boston— scene of some of the American Revolution's most historic happenings? Are the people of other cities similarly losing interest in the Revolution which did so much to establish world democracy? If so, why? Are our schools falling down on teaching the inspiring story of our country?—Labor.
Read not books alone, but and amongst them chiefly thyaolf —Queries
"Cultivators of the earth are the most value-able citizens. They are the most vigorous, the most independent, the most virtuous, and they are tied to their country, and wedded to its liberty and interests by the most lasting bonds."
Thomas Jotfarson, 1786
y
PROLETAREC JE	. t
DELAVSKI LIST	
ZA MISLEČE ČITATEUE	
PROLETAREC
Glasilo Jugoslovanske Socialistične Zveze in Prosvetne Matice
OFFICIAL C Z AN O F
J. S. F. AND ITS EDUCATIONAL BUREAU
NO. 2207
"	m*tm, Drc. b. |«W7, M U>« dom office »t Ch«c«M
the Act of (longrcu of MirthJ, 1879
iu..
Belgijski Leopold tlači svojo deželo v nepotrebne krize
En monarh v Evropi, ki je ie zmožen meiati štrene v mednarodni diplomaciji in v notranjih intrig - Čemu ni Belgija rajie za republiko?
CHICAGO, ILL., March 22, 1050 •--
Published Weekly at 2301 S. Lawndale Ave.
tit
LETO—VOL. XLV.
Na Kitajskem je zlo glad, pri nas pa - kaj s preobilico živeža
Zvezni kongres se ukvarja
Kriza v Belgiji zaradi vpraša nja, ali naj se Leopoldu dovoli priti nazaj na tron, se je po ple biscitu povečala. Celo vlada je morala pasti radi njega, dasi je bila pred volitvami vsa zanj, ta da pogojno.
Liberalna stranka sedaj proti povratku Leopolda
Belgijsko vlado sta do njenega nedavnega razpusta tvorile krščansko socialna stranka (klerikalna), ki jo ima Vatikan na svojih nitih, in pa liberalna, ki je kapitalistična stranka, toda ni vezana na cerkev. V kabinetu so imeli enajst ministrov, libe ralci osem.
Po volitvah so hoteli klerikalci takoj sklicanje skupne se je obeh zbornic (poslancev in senatorjev), ki naj bi izvršila od ljudstva ji dani "mandat" namreč da Leopoldu uradno sporoči željo ljudstva, naj se vrne na tron.
Toda liberalna stranka se je tej potezi klerikalne večine v vladi uprla. Rekla je: Mi smo izjavili, da smo za povratek Leopolda le, ako na plebiscitu dobi večino v VSEH belgijskih provincah. Ni je dobil drugje kot med Valonci- Torej mi ne moremo biti za vaš predlog za skupno sejo, pripravljeni pa smo v to, da naj odloča o tem vprašanju vsaka zbornica zase.
Klerikalci so vedeli, da na ta način Leopolda ne bodo dobili nazaj, k^r bi vrhnja zbornica (senat) ne bila v večini zanj, manjkalo bi mu le par glasov, pa je vztrajala v zahtevi za skupno sejo. Vedela je, da bi na nji nekaj liberalnih senatorjev glasovalo z njimi in bi na ta način dobili večino, toda pri glasovanju o povratku Leopolda v vsaki zbornici posebej pa bi liberalna stranka uveljavila med svojimi poslanci načelo discipline — namreč da bi moral vsak njen poslanec glasovati tako kot bi mu strankino vodstvo ^oločilo.
v Belgiji niso bile drugega kot da vlada iz njih izve mnenje, dali je ljudstvo za povratek pregnanega kralja, ali pa naj se odpove kroni in v tem slučaju bi ga nasledil njegov 19-letni sin.
Leopold sam je rekel, da se bo odpovedal, če dobi manj kot 55 odstotkov oddanih giasov sebi v prid. A dobil jih je blizu 58 odstotkov, ne pa večine v vseh krajih, temveč v glavnem med Flemci, nikjer pa med
DEAN ACHESON SVARI KITAJSKO NE SE UMESAVATI V FRANCOSKI VIET NAM
Francoska Indo-Kitajska (sedaj Viet Nam) ie velika deiela. Meri nad 284,000 fcv. milj in kna okrog 30 | v^m^S milijonov prebivalcev. Torej je po obsegu približno tri- naže farmarje pred preobilico krat tolikšna kot Jugoslavija. Francija je ao druge svetovne vojne iz nie črpala rude, raine pridelke in pa vsa notranja trgovina je bila njena posest.
Ko je stopila v vojno na strani osišta Japonska, osvobodila" poleg FilipinskiI) otokov tudi Indo-
onimi
Izgnani kralj brez prave ljudske zaslombe
Belgijsko ljudstvo si je po vojni opomoglo hitreje kot katerokoli drugo na svetu izmed onih dežel, ki so bile direktno zapletene v drugi svetovni vojni požar. Blagostanje v nji je tolikšno, da o kakem pomankanju ali o brezposelnosti ni govora. Zato tudi nima kake močne komunistične stranke, ker delavstvo sledi social-demokratski stranki. Tudi unije so pod njenim vodstvom. Edina zares sporna točka v sedanji belgijski politiki je torej Leopold. On hoče nazaj na tron, klerikalci z vso duhovščino ga v tem podpirajo, kardinal Van Roey v Malinesu je agitiral zanj in liberalna stranka pa že pod prej omenjenim pogojem — namreč ako dobi večino v vseh predelih belgijske monarhije.
Značaj volitev
Kot smo razložili že v prejšnji številki — te svojevrstne volitve
le
Kitajsko. Obe deželi sta postali "samostbjni". V slučaju, da bi bile v minuli vojni Zed. države poražene, bi Indo-Kitajska, Filipini in vsa Kitajska ostple v japonski sferi vpliva in služile japonskemu imperializmu.
Po ameriški zmagi v Aziji je vlada Zed. držav iz-vršila svojo obljubo Filipinom, da so se okllcali za suvereno državo. Toda gospodarsko so še vedno pod ameriško kontrolo in ameriški kapital infa filipinska bogastva še v svoji posesti. Sedanja filipinska vlada je >elfrancoščma h obeevalni jezik konservativna in ščiti filipinske imoviteže ter takozva-
ne ameriške interese. Levičarji, ki delujej^za odpravo tega sistema na Filipinih, so zatirani ter Označeni za komuniste.
Veliko težje pa gre Franciji v Indo Kitajski. V tej veliki francoski koloniji se je vo i na v resnici pričela šele po kapitulaciji Japonske. Domačinom pi šlo v glavo čemu naj jih bi spet vladala Francija, ki*ojo Nemci v vojni pretepli in okupirali, pa so svojo deželo proglasili za neodvisno. S pomočjo Anglije je pričela Francija pošiljati v Indokino vojaštvo, da jo znova osvoji za francoski imperializem. Toda upornih domačinov ni mogla premagati, razen v obrežnih krajih.
Francoska cenzura in dokaj spretna Vnanja politika francoske vlade je skrbela, da se je o tej borbi v Indokini v svetovni javnosti le malo čulo. Dočim se je o nizozemski invaziji v Indonezijo pisalo na dolgo in široko in se o nji razpravljalo tudi v organizaciji združenih narodov, se je voino v Indokini komaj omenjalo. Nizozemska se je končno pobotala z vladujpčimi krogi Indonezije, tuji kopito* r nji je obvarovan i* dežela je sedaj "donunfcsi je Nhmemsko^ebromiki v Indoneziji svoje vložbe in pa saj nekaj politične nad-ob lasti.	• ^
' Francija v Indokini himo te sreče. Po vzgledu Nizozemske se je začela pogajati z domačinskimi glavarji. Glavni med niimi je "cesar" Boo Doi. Sklenilo je z njimi pogodbo, katera določa, do postane Indo-kina - ali kot se imenuje po novem Viet Nam, domi-njon, seveda pod francosko ekonomsko in politično kontrolo. Tako bi bila stvar rešena - ako ne bi bilo "komunistov" v Indokini. Oni te pogodbe med Francijo in "cesarjem" Bao-Dai-om nočejo priznati in vodijo svojo vojno za popolno osvoboditev svoje dežele dalje. Vodja teh upornikov je Ho Ci Minh. Šolal se je v komunističnih aktivnostih v Moskvi. Tam se je seznanil tudi z nekaterimi člani sedanje komunistične kitajske vlade. Njegov cilj je napraviti v Indokini enak preobrat kot je bil izvršen na Kitajskem. To je seveda v navskrižju s takozvano Trumanovo doktrino In toko je Francija v svoji vojni na Indokitajskem deležna tudi ameriške pomoči. Pravzaprav jo ima že od vsega začetka svoje invazije. Amerika ji je prepustila s posredovanjem Anglije velike zaloge municije, ki pa za voj-
(Konec na 2. strani)
Tako je dobil po zadnjih podatkih Leopold 71.09', glasov v Flandersu, toda v francosko poslujoči waloonski provinci pa samo 42.11'/V , v glavn^ mestu Bruslju le 48.17'; in enako ni dobil večine v drugih industrijskih centrih. Kralj je torej zmagal le« s pomočjo Flemcev, ki Belgijce francoskega jezika mr-ze in med vojno so se z Leopoldom vred nagnili k Hitlerju, dočim so francoski Belgijci, pred vsem socialdemokrati vodili vojno proti nacijem podtalno, ker je drugače niso mogli.
Jasno je, da Leopold nima večine belgijskega ljudstva na svoji strani. A Vzlic temu je takoj po volitvah dejal, da ga narod zahteva in klerikalna večina v vladi mu je skušala ustreči. Zaenkrat hi Uspela in tako je razsipni, lahkoživi Leopold napravil med Belgijci zmedo in jo še meša dalje.
Stavke preti njemu
Unije, ki jih včdijo, kot že prej rečeno, social-demokrati, so oklicale proti vrnitvi Leopolda že precej protestnih stavk in prete, da jih bo še več. ako se ne odpove prestolu. Te politične stavke trajajo po en dan, a je možno, da bodo postale resne, in zmedle tu^Ji ekonomsko življenje Belgije, če Leopold ne odneha.
O njemu pravijo, da je v zadregi, ker volitve niso izpadle zanj s tolikšno večino kakor je želel. A ambicije ima— hoče vladati in to se pravi, vladati zares, ne pa kakor angleški kralj, ki je sedaj samo še figura v angleškem vladnem sistemu.
Glavni Leopoldov greh
V nedavnem plebescitu so lepaki social-demokratske stranke predstavljali Leopolda, kako je kapituliral pred Hitlerjem in preklical vojno z njim ne da bi se prej kaj posvetoval s svojimi (Konec na 3. strani.)
pridelkov.
V "zadnji" depresiji, ker ljudje v mestih niso imeli deuarja, da iih bi pokupili, smo farmarjem plačali, da svojih polj niso obdelovali. Vlada je kupila tudi brezštevilno "pujskov" ter jih uničila. Podoravali smo razna žita — sploh, šlo je milijone dolarjev v subvencijo farmarjem zato da nisd ne sejali ne želi.
Tako snio\ ustvarjali miserijo in poinankanfc v morju izobilja. Predsednik te republike tedaj je bil F. D. Roo evelt in njegov tajnik agrikulturnega depart -menta Henry Wallace. Mnogi naši čitatelji se še spominjajo onih dni.
Franklin D. Roosevelt je hotel pomagati na vseh koncih in krajih, kajti bili smo v tako silovitem ekonomskem polomu kakor še v nobeni prejšnjih kriz v tako kritični meri. In seveda, vsu pomoč je bila ^udena s stališča sedanjega gospodarskega
Zbira in presoja urednik
Kardinal Stritch v Chicagu je minulo nedeljo blagoslovil novo katoliško osnovno šolo Poslopje je stalo četrt milijona dolarja. Solo vodijo benediktinci, V pridigi je kardinal Stritch dejal, da je to nova velika katoliška trdnjava, v kateri se bodo otroci vzgajali proti socialističnim doktrinam, ki danes ogrožajo svet. Težko, da je v pravem, ker samo šole v vojni proti socializmu ne zadostujejo. Treba je socialne pravičnosti — in ako je ni, se morajo tudi katoličani zateči k "socialističnim doktrinam" ter na radikalen način zahtevati svoje pravice.
ji". Toda ker agrarnih reform ni bilo, so ti zasužnjeni dninarji marsikje vzeli "pravico" v svoje roke, si razdelili zemljo in mislili, da oštane njihova. A prišla je nanje oborožena sila in spet so se morali zadovoljiti z obljubami. A princ Torlonia ni tako lahko izšel. Dninarji so mu sporočili, da so mostovi preko potokov na njegovi zemlji napol podrti, da je sploh vse posestvo zanemarjeno, da je treba gospodarska poslopja popraviti, oziroma zgraditi nova. Ako teh popravil ne%bo on odredil, se jih bodo lotili sami in on pa bo moral plačati račun. Niti od-
V Italiji je verqpauk v šolah]	ni na JnJihove zahteve.
obvezen in posbno osnovne šo le — čeprav jih vzdržuje država, so bolj pod cerkvenim kakor pa pod vladnim vodstvom. V vseh se otroci hočeš nočeš uče verskih dogem, poslušnosti do Boga, do duhovščine in svetega očeta, a ko dorastejo in ^redo v
reda. Čimveč si imel in čimveč tovarne, ali v južni Italiji na po-
imovine ie bilo v opasnosti, toliko večja |e bila vladna pomoč. In čimbolj si bil reven, toliko manj »i dobil. Rad bi bi bil delal, iskal si si službo, a industrija je bila omrtvela in končno, po mnogih mesecih krize, v kateri je marsikdo izgubil brez
lja, postanejo "levičarji", mnogi izmed njih tudi revolucionarji in marsikdo klerikalizmu skrajno sovražen. To je dokaz, da ije glede kako otroku kaj vtepa& v glavo, ko doraste, ga bo učila šola življenja in cerkev ter hierarhijo bo začel gledati v dru-
svoje krivde tudi vse prihranke	K&čni luči kot pa so ga učili v
j (banke in drugi denarni zavodi	šoli so šle navzdol druga za drugo), . .
d« l iv«n kii„ fftpiniir KifAiA l™ Južna 1 Italija je bigotsko ka-| vrsu socialni r
Tedaj so se dela sami lotili. Frinc je zahteval od vlade, da naj početje njegovih dninarjev ustavi — in ko so prišli karabi-nerji tja, so jih nagnali. Pred cerkvijo pa so uporni tlačani postavili velik napis, "mi delamo, princ bo plačal!" In res so na Tarlonio pritisnili vladni in vatikanski krogi,da jc najbolje ako plača, kajti čeprav so te izboljšave dninarji izvršili proti njegovi volji, potrebne so jim bile. In princ je plačal . . Nekega dne bo tudi ob zemljo zaeno z drugimi fevdalci vred, kakor so bili fevdalni magnatje v drugih deželah. Kajti tako gotovo kakor pride za nočjo dan, prav tako gotovo se bo prej ali slej izvršil socialni preobrat tudi v
ti jo in marsikdo svojo obrt, sei .. .	«,....
j je pričela p,.močna akcij., k ^ l^r^ZV L ^ * T je bila kot ie omenjeno silno Tod" ^ P"haJ»J° " nJe
pristranska.
Šele ko ie na tisoče in tisoče farmarjev že izgubilo svoja posestva, je prišla ostalim, ki sa se še držali za bilko, na po«« zvezna vlada s posojili, e rogula ctjami v obdelovanju in pride Ijevanju in z odkupom odviinih pridelkov, ki so nato iU v uničenje.
Bankirji so dobili vladna posojila, kolikor jMi j« moglo ie vzdržati do najkritičnejie točke. Eden izmed njih, blvii podpredsednik Zed. držav, ga je dobil v pomoč svoji banki $50,000,000. Wi ga mogel vrniti. Banka je bila "reorganizirana" in le posluje. A posojilo ji je bilo brirfano. Manj srečne pa so morale zapre-i v.ali in vlagatelji so dobili za »sak svoj prihranjeni dolar, ki so ga imeli v njih, kakih 10 do 60 odstotkov.
Sedanja "recesija" ne udarja bank, ker so prilično zavarovane in kontrolirane, prizadeti pa so delavci in farmarji. Prvi najbolj. Ker ko delavec izgubi zaslužek, mu zavarovalni sistem jamči le malenkostno brezposel-nošeno podporo, ki preneha po
(Konec na 2. strani)
poročila, kako se tlačani v južni Italiji upirajo fevdalnim veleposestnikom in se pri tem poslužujejo sile V Kalabriji ima rimski princ Torlonio velepo-sestvo, ki obsega nad 35,000 ak-rov. To bi bila celo v Ameriki že ogromna "farma". Po vsi južni Italiji so taka veleposestva, vsa so še vedno upravljana kakor v starih fevdalnih časih, in dninarji, ki jih obdeljujejo, pa žive v nepopisnem uboštvu. Vsi ti zemlji&čni magnati so podporniki cerkve in vso so pristaši sedanje vladujoče klerikalne stranke, ki ji načeljuje Alcide de Gasperi. Ko je prevzala vlado, je obljubila agrarne reforme, da bi potolažila razjarjene dninarje, ki so jih po njeni!' trditvah hujskali zoper posvetno in du-hovsko oblast ter zoper privatno svojino "komunistični agitator-
V Franciji je med delavstvom vedno več nejevolje radi draginje ter prenizkih plač. Vlada, ki ji načeljuje katoliška stranka, hoče, da naj ostanejo plače tolikšne kot so, ker povišanje mezde bi pognalo infiacijo še bolj navzgor. Ob enem vlada izdaja dekrete za znižanje cen, ki ostanejo le na papirju. Vsled tega se stavke množe in v njih dobe največ odobravanje tisti govorniki, ki grajajo za sedanjo Ini-zerijo francoskega proletariats klerikalno stranko ter njeno vlado. Katoliški škofje v Franciji s svojim glavnim kardinalom v vred so prisluhnili in se zbali za prestidž svoje stranke in pa prodiranja komunističnega in drugega protikleriltalnega vpliva med ljudske mase.%In kaj je storila hierarhija? Izdala je oklic na delodajalce, da naj upoštevajo upravičene zahteve delavcev (Konec na 3. strani.)
Delavstvo na volitve nepripravljeno
jta ssTJsnzarSi r r^^Ts^i cz «
oglasih, ki jih priobčujejo v ka- vatni interesi kot še vselej, pa volitvah.	P« Ker da le on je pravi pr
pitalističnih listih, vidite IjJic— naj dobi večino bodisi republi-"REGISTBIRAJTE SE!"	kanska ali demokratska stranka.
S tem politična akcija CIO, Ce pa ja kak kandidat v zvezno
zbornico le nagnjen nekoliko
Ali vam je naročnina potekla...?
Tekoča itevilka ProUtarea
♦ 2207
Ako je itevilka tik VA&SGA imena na NASLOVU na PRVI strani niija, to pomeni, da vam je naročnina potekla za toliko tednov kolikor je Itevilka v ve-iem oklepaju nižja od gornje.
Prosimo, obnovite jo!
Prihranite nam s tem pri delu in na poitnini!
CIO,
kot prav tako AFL, žele^ničar-ske bratovščine itd., delajo v svoji volivni kampanji vtis, da ti ni treba drugega kot se "registrirati" in zmaga bo "naša".
Dejstvo je, da zavedni delavci vedno skrbe na to, da so v volilnem imeniku pravilno regis« trirani. Toda koliko pa je takih delavcev?
Ali bolje — ako akcija CIO ter AFL, in dalje, politična akcija bratovščin železničarjev, neodvisne unije IJMWA itd., res delavska, čemu ljudi le klicati, da naj se registrirajo, ne pa jih ob enem navajati, kako naj glasujejo, za kakšen program in kaj naj organizirano delavstvo zahteva— potem jc ves ta njihov trud v naprej proč vržen, kakor je bil pred dvemi leti in v vseh prejinjih volitvah.
"Delavstvo sijajno zmagalo", so zaklicali I. 194A v uradih Uh
Pri tem se dogaja, da ena unija proglasi demokratskega kandidata za "delavskega prijatelja", druga pa se pod enako znamko poteguje za kandidata republikanske stranke.
zanj prijatelj
H H I I	, delavstva
V jeseni bodo volitve v kongres. Vse poslance v zvezno nižjo zbornico bo treba izvoliti in pa polovico senatorjev. Njihov "na levo od centra", halo, bri je termin traja štiri leta, toda po-označen za "sopotnika" in bog- loviei poteče rok vsaki dve leti. nedaj, da bi mu politična akcija Zvezni senat je v naši republiki
CIO ali AFL kaj pomagala.	po zakonodajni moti in vplivu Ko volitve končane — na-
"Registrirajte se" je zavajal- veliko vainejia zbornica, kot pa r»vno — zmagajo "delavski pri-no geslo; Saj vsak demokratski so takozvanc višje zbornice v Jeteljr v obeh strankah. Ko pa ali republikanski "prisinkt-kapi- katerikoli drugi demokratični se kongres snide, vidite povsem tart hoče prav tako pridobiti deželi na svetu.	drugačno sliko, ki jo niti glasila
vsakega, da se registrira. Običaj- Kaj dela politična plat unij,	reakcionarnih unij ne
jc politična no zmaga v glavnih volitvah nje- da se iznebi, oziroma da porazi morejo zamolčali. _ ,
gov kandidat, ki sicer ni njegov reakcijo v kongresu? Nič, razen |„ prav tako se unije priprav-
da kliče volilce, "registrirajte |jajo na iHoSnjc V0,|(Vf! v se!
Ali skuša AFL, ali pa CIO, kje spraviti v ospredje v primarnih volitvah koga takega kandidata, na katerega se hi delavec .lahko zanesel?
Ne! Vse nominacijsko delo
Nekaj 6 naših stvareh
V kratkem objavimo popoln načrt za proslavitev 45-letnice Proletarca. Izšla bo slavnostna številka lista s prilogo. Naročniki bodo dobili pole za nabiranje pozdravnih oglasov in enako se bomo obrnili na društva, slovenske domove in na posameznike. Ako bomo vsi poprijeti, bomo dobili v sklad za ohranitev tega lista nad pet tisoč dolarjev.
Stopili bomo v zvezo z aktivnimi prijatelji lista v posameznih naselbinah v svrho priredb za proslavitev 45-letnice Proletarca. Vsi ti načrti so ie v delu in izvedeni bodo do konca leta.
; Enako se mora zbrati vse gradivo za v koledar najpozneje do 15. oktobra in razposlan mora biti ne pozneje kot v drugi polovici novembra.
temveč ga postavi na listo maši-na. ki delavca pozna samo v volilni kampanji. Obljubi vse — znižanje davkov, socialno zaščito, popolno zaposlenost, več služb, in v slučaju demokratskih kandidatov, obljubljajo pod prisego odpraviti Taftov-Hartley-jev protitinijski zakon.
Neni ne drugi ne mislijo resno. Niti ne politični odbori unij CIO ter AFL. In ne predsednik Truman v svojih neresnih obljubah, ki jih izpuhteva kar tja-
opravi mašina in pa opozicija* če jo kaj ima. Politični odbori unij potem presojajo delo teh nominarancev in enega izmed njih končno "indorsirajo" ter ga volilcem, ki so člani unij, pri-
zvez-
ni kongres. Nič se nis^> naučile iz skušenj v prošlostl.
A tudi progresivna stranka ni na svoji nedavni konvenciji, ki «e je vršila v Chicagu, iztnhtala kak načrt, s katerim hi mogli
v kampanjo za kongresne volitve uspešno poseči. Senator Taft ter njegov kolega Hartley torej n|sta, kar se organiziranega delavstva tiče, prav nič v skrbeh.	* -
V nedeljo 16. aprila bo v Clevelandu v Slov. nar. domu na St. Clair Ave. koncert pevskega zbora "Zarja", na katerem bo gostovala znana pevka Josephine Klun iz Pittshurgha. Zbor "Zarja" je na našem kulturnem polju že veliko storil. Pomagal je s svojimi nastopi na neštetih priredbah slovenskih podpornik društev in drugih organizacij, sodeloval v dobrodelnih akcijah In tudi temu listu je vedno nudil pomoč moralno in gmotno. Torej kdor le more naj pride v nedeljo 1«. aprila na koncert "Zarje". Vsakdo se bo radoval užitka, ki ga bo deležen na tej priredbi.
, Prihodnja konferenca krajevne Prosvetne matice za severni Illinois in Wisconsin se bo vršila v Milwaukeeju v Arcadia parku v nedeljo 11. junija. Bo jako važna vsled poročil o stanju pri listu, o pripravah za proslavitev njegove 45-letnice, o aktivnostih na našem kulturnem polju itd.
Opozarjamo čitateljc na zgodovinski spis o društvu Sla-vija v Chicagu, ki je bila vodilni faktor v delu za ustanovitev napredne delavske podporne organizacije. Na prVi konvenciji je imela osem delegatov, ostala društva p« dva. Dnevnice so bile po $2.10. Že ta spis je vreden več kol pa je cena koledarju. Tudi vsa druga vsebina letošnjega koledarja je prvovrstna. Priporočite ga v naroči te v tudi drugim.	y

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DEAN ACHESON SVARI KITAJSKO NE SE UMESAVATI V FRANCOSKI VIET NAM
kini obema svarilo, da Amerika ne h# pustila komunizma v jut no Asi jo.
Vojna v Indokigi se bo torej nadaljevala in ako Ho Či Minh nima ali ne bo imel v tem položaju prednosti na bojiščih, jih ima pa v propagandi v polni meri. Kajti domačinom dokazuje, da le on se bori za resnično svobodo Indokine in s tem proti evropskim (francoskim) in ameriškim imperialistom, ki jo hočejo obdržati v zasužnjenju za stare interese.
Z UPRAVNIK0VE MIZE
Anton Udovich
rfKonec s 1. strani)
no v tolikšni deželi kot ie Indokina niso bile zadostne, lato ji Amerika pošilja sedaj moderno orožje, a dogo• postavili v bran svojih pravic,in
Neštetokrat čitamo o borbah, ?ele skladovnice knjig je pisanih o tem Tudi nasi old ta j mer ji si prikličejo v spomin borbe iz preteklosti, kadar se snidejo. Ne iolgo tega je Ed. Tomšič iz Wal-ienburga, Colo., opisal v Pros veti borbene spomine rudarjev iz onega okraja. Kdor bo pisal zgodovino ameriškega delavstva, jo bo lahko napolnil s precej trpkim gradivom. Kako so delavce pretepali in jih preganjali, ker so se potegovali za svoj obstoj, boljši košček kruha! Kljub vsem nevarnostim in grožnjam so se
dilo se je, da ga francoski pomolski delavci niso hoteli izlaqati — češ, da ne bodo pomagali francoskim imperialistom v njihovi vo i ni v Indokini. Seveda je organizacija* pomolskih delavcev v Franciji pod komunističnim vodstvom in francoski vladi je bilo neprijetno, pa tudi v Washingtonu so v zadregi. Kaj pomaga oboroževati Francijo, ko pa nikoli ne veš, kdaj se obrne "na levo"l
Vseeno, ameriška vlada se ie odločila preprečiti zmago Hu či Minhu in je poslala v Indokino nekaj svoje boine mornarice, ki naj bi bila "cesarju" Bao Dai-u v "moralno podporo". Francija pa naj z ameriško municijo oboroži in izvežba njegove čete, da bodo kos upornim "komunistom", ki jih vodi Ho či Minh.
Indokina meji ob Kitajsko. Naravno, da sedanja kitajska vlada simpatizira s Ho Či Minhom in francoski viri trdijo, da ga zalaga tudi z orožjem.
Nedavno je bil v San Franciscu na obisku naš državni tajnik Dean Acheson. V svojem govoru je kitajsko vlado posvaril, na/ se ne umešava v notranje zadeve drugih dežel in ob enem zagotovil nasprotnike komunizma v Asiii, da ie Aryerika ng njihovi strani. Besednik kitajske vlade v Pekingu mu je takoj odgovoril, da je ameriške nadvlade v Aziji konec in da si bodo azijska ljudstva soma pisala svojo usodo. Ob enem je kitaiska vlada pospešila svojo propagando prpti "ameriškim intervencijam" v tujih deželah.
Tako je Indokina postala nekpka druga Grčija, s to razliko, da ima komunistična armada velik del dežele pod popolno oblastjo, dočim so gerilci v Grčiji bili večinoma v gorah.
Očividno je, da bo ameriška vlada storila vso v svoji moči, tfa Ho či Minhu prepreči zmagoL Zanaša se, da bo imela v tem slučaju več sreče, kot pa jo je imela s podpiranjem Čiang Kaiška na Kitajskem.
Izbrala si je v Indokini slabo tovarištvo, kajti dvomljivo je, da ima "cesar" Bao Dai med ljudstvom francoske Indokine kaj prida zaslombe. Torej se bo morala zanašati le na francosko in Jtoo Daijevo armado.
Angleška časniška agencijo Reuters pravi v depeši z dne 15. marca, poslana iz Saigona v Indokini, da bo Amerika oborožila 100,000 mož pod poveljstvom Bao Daiia in da so ameriški častniki že tam v ta namen. Associated Press pa poroča iz istega mesta, da ameriški vojni eksperti delujejo skupno s francoskimi v načrtu za poraženje Ho Či Minha.
Jasno je že dolgo vsakpmu, da si Francija Indokine ne bo mogla podvreči. Odpor proti nji je prevelilf in dobro organiziran. Torej bo morda šlo z zavezniki med domačini, ako iih podpre ameriška oborožena
4 sila.
Pravijq, da je za direktno pomoč frpneoski Indokini v vojni za preprečenje komunizma posebno general MacArthur. le v civilni vojni na Kitajskem mu ni M bilo všeč, ker ni bila ameriška intervencija bolj direktna. Izgleda, da v Indokini je že. Agencija Reuters pravi, da bo ameriška vlada potrošila za oborožitev indokitajske prot»komunistične armade $100,000,000. V Indokini je tudi ameriško ekonomska komisija, ki ji načel ju je Robert Allen Grifin, ameriški bojni floti v in-dokineških vodah pa admiral W. P. Berkey. Bao Dai je že z v^emi konferiral. ftjegov režim so zasnovali in podprli Frgncozi. ft/afo ga je priznala ameriška vlada, kitajska vlada pa režim Ho či Minha.
Korak ameriške vlade pomeni, da sedaj v vojni W poraženje Ifomunistične armade v Indokini ne bo odnehala. Na veliko nesrečo ljudstva Indokine pa Amerika v tem spopadu podpira spet take protiljud-ske elemente kakor so bili Čiang Kaiškovi na Kitajskem ali kot so koruptni monarhisti na Grškem.
Kaj bosta storile Kitajska in Rusjja? Ameriški u-radniki tolmačijo, da je bojna flota Zed. držav v /ndo-
tako z netrudljivo borbo skozi leta dosegli vendar malo več kot so imeli pred mnogimi leti.
Pa saj ubogi trpin se je men
znesek $6. Ob enem želi Prole-tarcu, da bi prebolel svoje težave in se zopet trdno postavil na zdrave noge. Pravijo—44kjer je volja, se najde pot."
Detroit, Mich. — Joseph Kor-sic je poslal naročnine za Albina Serdonerja, Franka Krese, in Ignaca Travnika. Frank Krese je prispeval listu v podporo $2.
2al mi je slišati kaj takega od naših dobrih sot rudni kov, a pomagati ne jnorem. Pred časom je tudi poslal naročilo za deset koledarjev, kar še ni bilo poro-čano.
Na Kitajskem je zlo glad, pri nas pa - kaj s preobilico živeža
' (Konec s 1. strani.) okrog 20 tednih. Farmer je na boljšem- Prvič, ker mu vlada za pridelke jamči določno ceno in kar ne more prodati na prostem trgu, kupi od njega ona.
Njemu se torej "recesije" ali "kriza" nič ne pozna, delavcu se.1
Brezposelni s svojimi $20 na teden podpore ne morejo kupiti toliko kot so, dokler so bili upo-sleni in prejemali od $40 do $100 na teden plače. Farmarjem je vsled tega preostalo toliko več pridelkov.
Tako si je zvezna vlada na-
Ely, Minn. — Jacob Kunstelj) kupčila za okrog štiri milijarde
dolarjev raznih kmetijskih pridelkov. To je ogromna vsota. In veliko blaga.
je poslal naročnino za Frances Seliškar.
Chisholm, Minn- — Frank Klun4 je sporočil, da mu je obnovil naročnino Joseph Perma.
NEZGODE V PREMOGOVNIKIH
V ameriških premogovnikih je bilo lani ubitih 593 rudarjev in 38,200 pa poškodovanih. Število ubitih je bilo nižje v primeri s prejšnjimi* leti, največ ker so bili premogarji vsled stavke več na površju kakor pod zemljo.
L. 1948 je bilo v rovih ubitih 1,010 premogarjev, 54,045 pa poškodovanih.
L. 1947 je bilo pri delu ubitih 1,158, poškodovanih pa 57,660.
Izmed poškodovanih jih je bilo 20 odstotkov trajno pohabljenih; mnogo drugih delno pohabljenih, ki pa so še sposobni opravljati razna "lahka" dela, če jih dobe.
Delo v rovih ni piknik, toda iz raznih kampanj proti premo-garjem v dnevnem tisku, radiu in v kongresu bi bilo sklepati, kot da je pot v rov kot na veselico.
KULTURNA KRONIKA
Red Lodge, Mont. — Erznoznik je poslal na zase in za Franka Gasserja. Oba
Kam gredo te zaloge? Veči-i v	grade "Mednarodno
noma so v skladiščih, ki stanejo umetniško mesto". Vzpodbudo vlado $200,000,000 na leto. Ve- zato Je dfll neki holandski slikar, liko živeža se kratkomalo uniči, Mesto bodo zgradili nasproti nekaj ga vlada pošilja v inozem- Notre Dame med gradom iz 15. »tv« v obliki relifnih dajatev in hišo iz 17. stoletja na zem-
da boril od vseh vekov, in to sta prispevala tudi listu v pod- nekaj pa ga proda nazaj farmar- Uišču, ki ga je darovala mestna
vedno za druge. Boril se je za cesarje, za kralje, za vero, za razne ideologije, za demokracijo in za svobodo — pa ne za svojo, vedno za dru£e, sam pa je osta-
poro, F Gasser $1 in K. Erznoznik $1,20. Ob enem je sporočil, da je tam umrl naš naročnik Joe Tevž. Ker nam podrobnosti o pokojnem niso znane, ne |i'emo
jal suženj, četudi malo bolj mo- nič poročati o njemu. Bil je več-deren kot nekdaj.	letni naročnik in ima list vna-
Sele v tem stoletju se je dela- prej plačan, kar pa ni nikogar,
jem za malenkostno ceno, ki pa občina. Arhitekt se je moral obvezati, da ne bo zgradil nekaj takega, kar bi bilo v nasprotju s slogoma teh dveh stavb.
ga ne smejo dati na trg temveč ga le uporabiti za hrano živini in perutnini — ali pa za — gnoj!
Znana je lanska pravljica - o krompirju. Pridelek krompirja je bil tako ogromen, in vlada je po postavi jamčila prideloval-
vec začel zanimati tudi zase^in to več ali manj po vsem svetu. Začel se ja prebujati in saj delno boriti zase.
Cesarji in kralji ter razna druga gosposka, za katero je trpin prelival kri skozi*stoletja, so že v pozabnosti. Le zgodovina beleži njihove pustolovščine tiran-stva in izkoriščanja. Mnogo je pretrpel ta revni sloj širom sveta, pohleven in bogaboječ se plazil po kolenih in poljuboval onp roko, ki ga je bičala. Kdo bi se drznil zoperstaviti svojim predpostavljenim, ki so po božji volji vladali D|d ubogimi narodi! Toda čas ja trebil, mnogo je iztrebil — onega, kar je bilo škodljivega sa sploini obstoj. Dobili so se ljudje, ki so se drznili dvigniti svoj glas, in tudi svojo pest, če je bilo treba.
Se se svetijo ornati — a večinoma so izginil). Sla je ona mogočnost, katero jo je ubogi trpin z vso udanostjo in s svojo krvjo vzdrževal skozi veke.
Zakaj je vse to izginito — saj so imeli oblast in življenje milijonov v svojih rokah? Izginili so, ker niso bili zdravi, zdravi v duši, v delu katerega so vršili, zato, ker temelj njihovega postanka je bil gnil do korenin. Skozi peklensko trplenje se je prebujal delavec, toda r\e še vsi. Vzelo bo še časa, še bo precej izkoriščanja, tudi borbe bo še precej, predno bo delavec res človek s katerim se bo postopalo s spoštovanjem. Vzelo bo sicer še Časa, da bo delovni sloj toliko dozorel, da bo razumel svoje potrebe in jih presojal tako, df bo znal uživati sad svojega dela. Do takrat bomo pa še vedno rekli — vse je po starem.
Zdaj pa s tedenskim poročilom nSprej:
ki bi ga po njegovi smrti preje- cem določeno ceno — da je mo-mal. ga po naročilu Erznožnika rala pokupiti odvišek, ki je zna« ustavimo. Pokojnika pa ohrani-J šal stotisoče bušljev. Nekaj časa
mo v blagem spominu.
• •
Gowanda, N.Y. — Jim Dek-leva je poslal naročnino zase in za Johna Bratosha. Jim Dekleva je prispeval listu v podporo $1,20.
Gallup, New Mexico — Mary Marinsek je poslala naročnino za Matildo Bubany, ki je tudi prispevala listu v podporo $1. Ob enem pa sporoča, da tam ni prilike dobiti nove naročnike*, četudi je ie nekaj slovenskih družin, ki pa so se toliko poame-ričanile, da nočejo Čitati slovensko.
Da — vara ima odpadnika in narod jih ima tudi. Lahko pristopiš k drugi veri, po kateri prideš ravno v tista nebesa, kakor
*: # * •
po prejšnji. A k drugemu narodu pa ne moreš pristopiti. Lahko si človek spremeni ime, lahko sp nauči tujega jezika, toda narodnost je prirojena in se je
je odvišni krompir izvažala v svoja skladišča ter ga ponujala prekupcem za malenkostno ceno —pogojno, da ga ne bodo prodajali tukaj temveč le na tujih trgih. Ko je prostora zmanjkalo, ga je farmarjem enostavno plačala ter ga jim prepustila na ta način, da so ga kupili nazaj. Npr., neki farmar je dobil od agrikulturnega departmenta za krompir, ki ga ni mogel prodati, pet tisoč dolarjev, in nato ga vsega kupil nazaj sa pet dolarjev, z obvezo, da ga ne bo uporabil za drugega kot za krmo živini ali pa za — gnoj.
. Stenice ima stric Sam v zalogi 530 milijonov bušljev, ali toliko kot je ameriško ljudstvo porabi v teku enega leta. In spet letos se obeta odvišni pridelek. 2ito se da saj obvarovati — ker je trpežno, a ne krompirja, pri katerem je vlada letos z nakupom lanskega pridelka izgubila
ne mora spremeniti. Taki ljudje že nad sto milijonov dolarjev-
niso Slovenci, saj priznati tega nočejo in Angleži ne morejo bi ti ker so se trdili Sloveni.
Fontana. Calif. — John Pecnik je poslal naročnine za Johna Skavicha, bivšega Chicažana, ki z ženo že več let živeta v sončni Califqrniji, za Josepha Lappa, in Thomasa Kopsica. John Peč-nik je prispeval listu v podporo
Cleveland, Ohio—Anton Jan-kovich se je spet oglasil in poslal tri obnovljene naročnine in trinajst novih. Stari so Math Bizjak, John Tomažin in Luka Sitinger; noyi pa Joseph Anzel, Mary Hrovatin, Anton Mari-nich. Frank Paulic, Rok Kogoy, Martin Koprivnik. Anton Kova-čič, John Krnc, Mihael Stradiat, Anton Zupančič, Luka Znidar-sich, John Zrnei in Joseph To-mažič.
Sporočil je, da smo tudi pri njife izgubili enega naročnika in ta j? Frank Petek, ki je nag loma ^,umrl. Ker nimamo nobenih drugih podatkov, je to vse kar mo-rem o poročati o njenru.
Se iz Clevelanda — John J. Gabrenja je poslal članarino Prosvetni matici za društvo št. 126 SNPJ, znesek $12. Vsa druga vprašanja bodo polagoma izravnana.
La Crescenta, Calif. — Anton Puntar je obnovil naročnino in ob enem pisal, da ker je predaleč. da bi večni popotnik prizviž-gal pred vrata, ali pa Krebelj, zato sam pošilja, ker tam ni ni-kakega zastopnika. Kaj pa ko bi sam Puntar prevzel to delo? Tam bi na bilo treba tekmovati s Jankovičem ali Krebljom. K?r je Čital, da je bil Tone zopet bolan, mu v tem pismu želi vse najbolje. Naj iz pisma citiram dobesedno: "Večni popotnik, želimo ti ljuBega zdravja.'' Nadalje poroča, da je pri njih že gorko in vse v cvetju (tukaj pa pada sneg). Pravi, da delavske razmere tam so pa take kot drugod.
Arcadia, Kansas — John Shu-lar je poslal članarino Prosvetni matici za društvo št. ?06 SNPJ,
Se Cleveland — Joseph F. \trn je ppslal znesek za dva ernova slovarja.
Geneva, Ohio — Jerry Uirbas je obnovil naročnino, naročil in poslal znesek za koledar in prispeval listu v podporo $1.50.
Girard, Ohio — John Kosin je poslal naročnino za Josepha Leskovca, ki je ob enem prispeval listu v podporo $4, in za novega naročnika Andy Kocjana U Ni lesa, Ohio J- Kosin je pri-s}>cval listu v podporo $1.20.
Avella. Pa. — Frank Bregar je poslal naročnine zase, za Johna Debelaka, ,in za Slovenski tk>m. F. Bregar je prispeval listu v podporo $1. Potoži v pismu, da mu vid peša, tako zelo peša, da more le s povečevalnim steklom čitsti Proletarca.
Vlada ima tudi ogromne zaloge bombaža, koruze in raznih drugih živil, ki jih kupuje v svrho podpiranja določenih minimalnih cen. p trga pa nima zanje.
Veliko tega blaga sicer pošilja v dar Nemčiji in Japonski, a s tem so visoki prevozni stroški in tako so davkoplačevalci *e bolj obremenjeni.
Sicer — ako bi bil svet vzajemen, bi se to lahko tako uredilo, da bi se odvišek živeža nudilo onim, ki gladujejo. dasi so pripravljeni delati.
V Indiji je lani umrlo vsled lakote več milijonov ljudi in letos pa ho glad ugonobil milijone Kitajcev. Vzrok v obok deželah je bila suša, na Kitajskem pa po-tem še velikanske povodnji, ki so uničile vse. Dalje na Kitajskem civilna vojna in v Indiji verska vojna. Cisto lahko bi se s sodelovanjem organizacije združenih narodov uredilo vse tako, da hi odvišne pridelke katerekoli dežele dobilo ljudstvo, ki gladuje — posebno če strada vsled uim, vojn in raznih drugih katastrof, ne pa zato da ne bi hotelo delati na svojih poljih.
A tako nosijo v enih krajih na pokopališča mrliče, ki so umrli vsled poniankanja, v drugih pa zakopavajo živež, v vrednosti stotine milijonov dolarjev, ker ga ne morejo prodati po tolikšni ceni, da hi donašal dobiček poljedelcem in prekupcem.
SEJA KLUBA ST. 1 BO V PETEK 24. MARCA
Chicago, III. — Ta petek 24. marca bo redna seja kluba Št. 1 JSZ. Važno je, da se je vsi, če le utegnete, udeležite. Na dnevnem redu bodo poročila in razprave. — P. O.
'Socialisti, kakršni ugajajo na-
V Makedoniji imajo Albanci 221 šol z 28.636 učenci, Turki 106 turških šol s 13,220 učenci Lista teh dveh manjšin "Birlik" in ' Flaka e Vlaznimit" proslavljata 5-letnico svojega obstoja Državna oblast je v zadnjem času na pobudo krajevnih oblasti odobrila ustanovitev stalnega gledališča za alhansko in turško manjšino. Diietantski skupini "Jeni Jol" in "Emin Duraku" tvorita ansambla obeh gledališč.
Pri televizijskih sporedih v New Yorku lahko berejo gledalci in poslušalci teh sporedov po eno uro na dan primerno pove-
Nov premogovniški revir, ki bo največji v vsi Jugoslaviji
Nova premogovna ležišča v Srbiji odkrita in izročena prometu.—Navi rudniki v Črni gori.—Za -zboljšanje železniškega prometa.
Ob reki Kolubari v Srbiji, vzhodno od Beograda se bo razvil največji premogovni bazem v Jugoslaviji. Ugotovili so, da so sloji premoga debeli do 40 m in bodo dali poldrugo milijardo ton premoga. Proizvodnja kolu barskih rudnikov bo večja kakor vsa proizvodnja premoga predvojne Jugoslavije.
V	Titogradu, mestu V Črni gori. ki je bilo mod vojno popolnoma porušeno, so zgradili 64 novih poslopij, več mostov ter nove tovarne. Prej majhno in zapuščeno mesto se razvija v popolnoma novo središče Črne gore.
Železniški promet je po osvoboditvi zelo narasel. To lahko ugotovi vsakdo, ki se le enkrat vozi po jugoslovanskih železnicah, kjer dobi komaj mesto, da stoji. Pred vojno je potovalo letno 60 milijonov potnikov, lani pa kar 190 milijonov. Tovarne potniških vagonov hite s produkcijo, da bodo železniška sredstva lahko zadostila potrebi prebivalstva.
Velika ležišča boksita, rjavega premoga, barita in mangana so odkrili v Črni gori Na Mojkovcu v Črni gori so tudi ležišča bakra, srebra, cinka, -svinca in zlata.
Prva hidroceutrala v Makedoniji bo kmalu začela obratovati. Generator in turbine so izdelale tovarne "Litostroj" in 44Rade Konear " Hidrocentrala je zgrajena na divjem hudourniku Zrnovki, Jez, ki so ga zgradili več sto metrov visoko nad dolino, je vzdržal silen pritisk hudournika Ob jezu drži do elek-tramiške dvorane 3167 m dolg predor, ki so ga izvrtali v živo skalo.
V	reiki luki so do sedaj obno-
čane strani knjig, ki so doživele vili že 3£00 m obale. V pristani-
velik uspeh.
Vse kaže, da je francoski pisatelj Herve Bazin, kateremu je bil Renne Bazin prastric. močan pripovednik. Njegov prvi roman "Vipere au poing" v 40,000 izvodih, nedavno je izšel že njegov drugi roman "La tete con-tre les murs". Dejanje ima kot okolje blaznico. Ta roman je ostra kritika psihoanalitičnih metod, ki jih po njegovem mnenju pretirano ali morda preveč splošno uporabljajo v državnih blaznicah. Pisatelj sam je preživel dve leti v blaanici, kjer je bil prišel zopet k zavesti po treh mesecih nezavesti, kar je bila posledica avtomobilske nesreče. V Villejuifu so nastavili za njega sledečo diagnozo: mentalni odklon intelektualnega značaja. Preden je postal pisatelj je bil Bazin trgovski zastopnik, natakar in pomožna moč pri PTT.
Češki skladatelj, glasbeni pedagog in nestor češkoslovaških skladateljev, častni doktor Karlove univerze v Pragi, ljudski umetnik doktor Josef Bohumil Foerster je praznoval 30 decembra preteklega leta dO letnico svojega rojstva še vedno svež in čil in poln optimizma. Zložil je nad 200 del najrazličnejše vsebine in vrste: cikle pesmi, zbore, kantate. simfonije, opere, simfonične pesmi, komorne skladbe, melodrame, suite in klavirske skladbe. Znani so Foersterjfevi prekrasni moški zbori: Orač, Iz usode rok, Rodna zemlja. Poljska pot, Velike irjave Najbolj so zi)ane njegove opere: Debora, Eva, Jessika. Srce,
Jugoslavija ustanovi generalni konzulqt v San Franciscu
Jugoslovanska ambasada v Washingtonu sporoča, da bo vlada federativne ljudske republike Jugoslavija v kratkem otvo-rila svoj generalni konzulat tudi v San Franciscu, Calif. O podrobnostih, kdo bo konzul, kje prostor za urad, bo naknadno poročala.
iču lahko pristane hkrati 20 oceanskih ladij. Luka lahko sprejme in odpošlje na dan $reko 700 \ vagonov blaga.
Nad 52 tisoč kmetijskih gospodarstev je na Hrvaškem vključenih v obdelovalne zadruge.
i
V Tovarni avtomobilov v Mariboru so zgradili moderno, tri-nadstropno industrijsko kovinarsko šolo. V šoli je prostora za 1400 učencev. Šolanje traja tri leta. Šolskem poslopju, so priključene tudi velike delavnice kjer se učenci praktično usposabljajo.
Socialistično gibanje hoče zgraditi raj na zemlji. A tudi pravico verovati v nebesa po smrti nikomur ne odreka.
VELIKA NAPAKA
Napaka delavca je, da ga je treba v organizacijo siliti.
WWAVrtWAViSWANVAV
Tole mi ne gre v glav o?
sprotnikom, niso socialisti.
ALI SODELUJETE?
Dolžnost vsakega delavca ja pomagati v borbi proti krivi-caao in za boljše razmere.
Cemu tisti, ki so prej M. Cve-tiča tako silili v ospredje ter mu poverjali odgovorne službe v svojih organizacijah, sedaj de-lajo vtis. kot da je bil le prite-penec k njim, to mi nikakor ne gre v glavo! Tudi tega ne zapo-padem, kako ga je mogel Narod* ni Glasnik vseskozi hvaliti, sedaj pa se dela, kot da ga ni Še nikoli nikomur priporočal! Mar naj hi bili od kraja previdni, pa bi sedaj ne imeli te blamaie.
r
\
PROLETAREC March 22» 1950
i
HONG-KONG - ANGLEŠKA KRONSKA -KOLONIJA - BO ZOPET KITAJSKI
Hong-Kong Jemal—pust po^ lepe dni. Kitajci, naseljeni v lotok. ob iilivu, ki vodi v veliko Hong-Kongu so notranji sovraž-kitajsko pristaniško mesto Kan- niki angleškega imperija, 99% ton v južni Kitajski.	' jjih navdušeno spremlja zrna-
Skozi Hong-Kong je šlo veli- gotovo pot ljudske armade na ko prometa v vse južne predele celini. Vključeni so v organiza-- ogromne Kitajske, namesto da cije in se na svojem majhnem bi ladje plule direktno v Kan- otoku bore za neodvisnost proti ton. Vzrok, da niso je, ker je imperializmu in bežeči kitajski Hong-Kong angleška kronska burzoaziji. , kolonija	Komanda mesta je šc vedno
Ob vstopu Japonske v drugo optimistična, vendar pa le misli svetovno vojno ga je ona oku- na sedanji položaj Nekateri, in pirala — po njenem porazu so ni jih malo, to že tudi odkrito se ga spet polastili Angleži, ka- priznavajo. Toda vse to jih ne ker t ud* * v oje pomorske trdnja- ovira, da bi ne vodili ostre bor-ve StojfcpOre, ki so jo oglašali j be z ameriškimi interesi, da bi za nepremagljivo.
2e nacionalistična vlada pod Rajski trg, ki pa je zdaj pod kon-Čiang Kaiškom je po zmagi nad'trolo kitajskega ljudstva. Japonsko želela da bi Angleži Ameriška vlada teh interesov ta košček Kitajske zemlje - ne podpira odkrito kot jih je ne-Hong-Kong. prepustili nji, kate- koč ker je bitko za nadvlado
rt po vseh pravicah spada in ga na Kitajskem izgubila. Podpira-ji je Anglija vzela s kupčijskimi ,a je na vse kriplje propadli ta.
zvijačami ter z militarističnimi j kozvani nacionalistični režim, ki
vp® • , . , _	je sedaj v begunstvu. Anglija je
Kupila je ta takrat se povsem bila v svoJi takliki na Kitajskem
neurejen polotok Hong-Kong le-,po vojni sprctnejša - igrala je
ta 184 Nanj so se do one dobe politiko nevtralnosti - a vendar zatekali le tihotapci.	ve da bo morala kromko kolo_
Takrat je le malokdo slutil,, nijo Hong-Kong, ki je njeni tr-cemu si je angleška kraljica Vik- govini prinašala velike dobičke,
torija na nasvet svojih ministrov prepustiti novi Kitajski, osvojila ta otok prv Kantonu, ki j Prej ali slej se bo to 2godilo_
obsega le 391 milj površine in bodisi na miren ali nasilen način, prebivalcev pa ima sedaj okrog Zdi se da v	t0 razu.
dva milijona. Ko ga je Anglija mejo in bodo skušaU napraviti vzela, jih je imel zelo malo, kot 2 1K)V0 kitajsko vlado nekak ze omenjeno. Toda angleški kra- kompromis, ki bo čast<?n 2a obe marji so na svojih obiskih vjvladl __ toda Anglija bo vzlic Kanton spoznali vrednost tega temu >ob Hong-Kong - ob ta malega kamenitega polotoka in Mari hi&Lt ^ impcriaW2ma
si rekli: če ga vzamemo, ali pa Velike Britanije	*
' kupimo dovoz in izvoz ogrom-j--1_'
nega dela južne Kitajske bomo kontrolirali mi in le mi narekovali cene. Kitajska je bila tedaj šibka in tako je bila kupčija med angleško kraljico^ Viktorijo ter kitajsko dinastijo afrhka sklenjena.
Na tem skalnatem otoku je v dobi, ko je bil angleški impe-
del nikotina pri žaftmju cigarete ali cigare uniči, preostali nikotin pa se z vzhodno paro prede-stilira ln se skupno z vodo zgosti v čiku, ki lahko vsebuje 80 do 90 odstotkov vsega nikotina. Na ta način pride v pljuča največ 10 odstotkov celotnega nikotina. Pri odgovoru na vprašanje o škodljivosti nikotina, moramo tudi razločevati akutna zastrupljena od kroničnih. Akutna zastrupljena so za sicer zdravega človeka brez večjih posledic Prekomerno kajenje bo pri njem povzročilo razdraženost, slabost. močnejše utripanje srca, drisko in potenje, vendar pa to bolezenski znaki izginejo najpozneje v enem dnevu. Ce je pa kadilec bolan, na primer na sr-
MuirilTvni^dob^v^iTlri-	akutnb zastrup-
■	ljenje z nikotinom zle posledice.
Ce kadi noseča žena, je treba misliti na morebitni kvarni učinek nikotina na plod. Človeški plod reagira na eno samo cigareto, ki jo je pokadila noseča žena, na ta način, da njegovo srče-ce močneje bije, in sicer se število njegovih utripov v minuti poveča za pet. Zdi se, da v mleko nikotin ne prehaja, vendar pa se pojavijo pri dojenčkih znaki zastrupijenja, če doječa mati pokadi več kot 15 cigaret na dan. Posebno nevarno pa je. če poje otrok čik od cigare ali cigarete, tako je že mnogokrat prišlo do smrtnega? zastrupljenja. Posledice kroničnega zastrupljenja z nikotinom se kažejc} predvsem v trepetanju\ pomanjkanju teka in zmanjšanju telesne storilnosti.	Dr. S. S.
KOMENTARJI
(Konec s 1, strani.) za izboljšanje svojega življen-skega stanja, in pa aa naj jim bo ljudska blaginja več kot pa zgolj misli na dobiček. Časi se menjajo.
Maršal Tito je na nekem velikem shodu spet poudaril, da je Jugoslavija pripravljena v spravo z Moskvo, toda ne bo šip tja klečeplazit zanjo. Ako jo Jože v Kremlju hoče, naj to pove in Jože (Bros Tito) mu bo pod pogoji, ki bodo častni za Jugoslavijo, radevolje segel v roke. Torej s to spravo — oziroma s ponujanjem v pobotanje, ne bo nič, kajti v Kremlu niso navajeni popuščati malim deželam. Saj niti Ameriki nočejo, dasi nada-
ljevanje z mrzlo vojno tudi Ru siji nič ne koristi.
V New Yorku t/s je vršil \ nedeljo 19 marca shod pod pokroviteljstvom odbora za svetovno vlado, na katerem je govoril tudi en kapitalist — bela vrana med svojimi. Dejal je, da ako pridemo v tretjo svetovno vojno, ne bo več sistema, ki se ga sedaj označuje za "free en-terprlse", nič več kapitalistov v današnjem pomenu besede in demokracija b o izginila z zemeljske oble Dobili pa bomo v. zameno teror, diktatorje, mi-zerijo in čut za človekoljubje bo iztrgan. Toda kaj pomaga, ko pa so glasovi hujskanja v vojno jač-ji kaor pa glasovi za mir Vrh tega je tu še vse polno vzrokov, radi katerih vojne nastajajo.
Miško Kranjec:
Fara Svetega Ivana
0 delovanju nikotina na človeško telo
Ce vprošamo ljudi, čemu kadijo, bo morda eden odgovoril, da sam ne ve, zakaj, a da občuti
pri tem posebne vrste veselje,
uw>,	jt uu an«itj|\| 1IIIUC- J	. J	.	« •
rializem v največjem poletu, bi- f™*1 da Je nervozen ln da lo zgrajeno mesto za dva tisoč	samo s cigaretto, cigaro ali
prebivalcev in eno izmed največjih pristanišč sveta, Hong-JKong naj bi postal nujno ena najvažnejših točk v spopadu na Daljnem vzhodu.
Kraljica Viktorija se ni zmotila. Dvig * Hong-Konga je bil presenetljiv. Velike angleške in
pipo duševno koncentrira, tretjim pa. da povzroča ščegetanje tobakovega dima v pljučih čisto svojsko ugodje. Naj se glasi odgovor tako ali tako, poskusi so pokazali, da se precejšen del kadilcev predaja kajenju zaradi delovanja nikotina na organi-
Belgijski Leopold tlači svojo deželo v nepotrebne krize
(Dalje s 1. strani) x
(Nadaljevanje.)
Medtem ko se je on ukvarjal z načrti in velikimi, blestečinrp sanjami, je Zofija, sedeč med dvema stoloma, razmišljala in tehtala, kaj jč trdnejše in boljše: Koren ali ifcmon. O ljubezni sploh ni več mislila, ni mislila na kakšno zvestobo, po vseh dogodkih zadnjih mesecev je Zofija zdaj poznala samo še eno pesem:
—Živeti je treba . . . živeti za vsako ceno.
EPILOG K DRUfcEMU DELU
Nekje sredi Slovenskih goric Teži fara Svetega Ivana, ki se v ničemer bistveno ne loči od drugih far. Približno isto število duš, z enakim odstotkom rojeva jočih se in umirajočih, razen
da imaio drugod mani nezakon-generah, ali z ministri, ah pa z skih otrok A taki otrwi so
angleškim in francoskim povelj- ^ v veHko nejeVoljo gospodov stvom. Po belgijski ustavi je kralj vrhovni poveljnik oboro-
ROMAN
strani imajo razpredene niti, vse izvejo, vse uravnavajo, prosveta in kultura je rjjihovo polje, ki ga orjejo s Slovenskimi večer-
učiteljicam, da bi poslušali njih zvonko pripovedovanje in opa-jajoči smeh. Na vsaki šoli je zaljubljen mlad parček, z večnimi
dno ženo, ki mu daje dinarje za cigarete in za preferanso vsak dan sproti. Ker je iz starejših časov, ja narodnjak in liberalec,
v	m	'	-------—---p # —------J —— mmm mm mm
prepirčki, povsod sta dve ali tri bere vsak dan Jutro in ja v pat
učiteljice, mimo katerih gredo brezplodno razkošni pomladni večeri: nihče na svetu ne potrebuje njihove tople, včasih kar žarke ljubezni. Čakajo in čakajo in varujejo, dokler nekega dne . . . Ampak vse to gre redno svojo pot dalje. Ljudje se ne ubijajo za vsako nesrečno ljubezen. Ce ne na vsaki šoli, pa se prav gotovo kaj pogosto najde kak Smon. "Smonovstvo" pi učiteljski pojav, toda tudi med učitelji so Šmoni uspevali. Na zunaj so vzorni ljudje, dobri učitelji, ali kar so že. Napravijo vse natančno, kakor je predpisano. Vedno so zvesti, "naši". Povsod jih najdeš v družbi, govorijo o vsem, na vse se razumejo, najrajši pa govorijo. Ti, ali si že slišal tale vic? — Ne, prav gotovo ga nisi slišal, ako nimaš časa, da bi posedal s Šmoni v družbi Ce pa si že slišal, tako opolzkega še nisi.
Povsod živi tudi seveda kak Sušnik. Lahko se piše malo drugače, niti ni treba, da je sodnik.
nicami, na odrih pa z otroškimi igricami in z igrami za odrasle, t0 njegovo bistvo, pač pa,
amerikanske banke so tam usta- zen?t	"> vpljv cigarete
navijale ' svoje podružnice, tr- na c,ove?ko * injekcijo niko-tfovska podjetja so postavljala
j -
dfu
svoje tranzitne trgovine, kolonialni administrativni urad je imel v Hong-Kongu enega svojih "centrov cesarstva".
Dva tisoč Kitajcev, ki so jim obljubili delo in lepše življenje-se je preselilo tja. Toda zanje se je v Hong-Kongu začelo strahotno izkoriščanje. ,
Da bi angleški imperij obdržal kontrolo nad Kitajsko, je po več razgovorih s cesarjem Kitajske dobil "v najem" za 99 let polotok Kowlon.
Po vojni so postali gospodarji Hong-Konga Japonci. Trgovina je v teh ioiih silno nazadovala-^ odi po končani vojni je takoj zavzela prejšnji položaj. V letu 1948 je bil izvoz iz Hong-Konga enak celotnemu francoskemu izvozu v tem letu. » Slikovito/na skali zidano mesto Hong-Kcng predstavlja najrazličnejša nasorotj*: na ulicah srečaš svetle amerikpnske limuzine, rikše »vozičke na dveh kolesih) boae, lačne in bedne Kitajce. Na glavnem trgu stoji mogo-* čen kip kraljice Viktorije, tam so stavbd največjih bank zapad-nih držav ir. trgovskih podj|etij. Ob morju pa srečaš na ducate črnoborzijancev z vsega sveta, ki trgujejo z zlatom, valutami, mamili. Policija jih ne ovira v njihovem delu. To je vzorna slika imperialističnega sveta.
Pomorski promet .v in iz Hong-Konga oskrbyjejo največ ameriške in angleške lidje..Nacionalistična (Ciang K;iiskoval Kitajska je posedovali* le itialo ladij, in tudi sedanja, zmagovita komunistična Kitajska, '/ili še nima. Hong-Kong je sedaj iflidi pribežališče raznih kitajskih beguncev, ki so služili Ciang Kaiškovi koruptni vladi, iz Hong-Konga pa beže na otok Formozo. Dalje je v Hong-Kongu polno angleških, ameriških, francoskih ln drugih trgovskih mizarjev ter diplomatskih agentov, ln tudi časnikarjev bogataškega časopisja iz zapadnili de*f 1.
Toda kakršno koli je sedaj stanje — zgodovina grfc svojo pot. Za angleški imperij doživlja to pristanišče svoja zadnje
tina in dognali, da prinaša vbrizganje nikotina kadilcu enako ugodje kot cigareta, ki jo je pokadil. Nekatere poskušene osebe so bile z injekcijami nikotina celo bolj zadovoljne kot s kajenjem. Tudi v drugih ozirih so ti poskusi zanimivi: dokazali so z njimi, da povzroča vbrizganje 2 mg nikotina v žilo pri nekadilcih pojave zastrupljenja, kot omamljenost in bruhanje.
Nikotin v glavnem deluje na živčevje, in sicer tako, da manjše količine vzdražijo določena središča osrednjega ' živčevja, dočim jih večje količine zavirajo ali omrtvijo. Za nikotinom so posebno občutljive avtonomne gangiijske celice— tako namreč imenujemo živčne zadebe-line v rpožganih in hrbtnem mozgu. Ker nikotin te celice draži, opažamo, da kadilci trpe na raznih motnjah, kot na primer povečano izločevanje prebavnih sokov, krči v želodcu in črevesju ter spremembe ožilja. Seveda pa vpliva nikotin tudi neposredno na možgane, zaradi česar kadilec globlje diha in često se mu zviša tudi krvni tlak.
Zaradi raznovrstnega učinkovanja nikotina na človeški organizem se nam nehote vsiljuje vprašanje ali je kajenje škodljivo ali ne. Ena cigareta vse-' buje povprečno 15 do 25 mg nikotina, cigara celo do 150 mg, dočim zadošča okrog 60 mg nikotina, da odrasel človek umre. Na ta način bi lahko že ena sama cigara učinkovala smrtno, kar se pa, kot vemo, ne dogaja, kajti nikotin izgubi v organizmu kaj kmalu svoj strupeni učinek na ta način, da se v jetrih oksidira in ga ledvice izločij^Tudi se
Dr. John J. Zavertnik
PHYSICIAN and SURGEON 3724 WEST 24tk STftSST Tel. CRawford 7-U12
OFFICE HOURS: 1:20 t« 4 P.M.
(Except Wed., Sat/and Sun.) .	to S:St P.M.
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Residence: «1 S h In. ton M„ Riverside, 111. Phone Riverside It 12
žene sile in ta privilegij je uporabil v ponižanje Belgije in takratne zaveznMke vrhovne komande na zapadnoeveropskih bojiščih.
Dalje je omenjena stranka izdala v času volilr.e kampanje proti vrnitvi Leopolda plakate, ki ga prikazujejo, kako udobno je živel v grtščini v Belgiji, ki mu jo je za njegov stan določil Hitler, dočim so delavci v Belgiji garali za Hitlerjev rajh in mnogi pa tvegaj! sebe in svoje družine s podtalnim gibanjem proti nacizmu in s sabotažnimi dejanji proti njemu v industriji.
Po osvoboditvi Belgije je moral vsled teh grehov iti Leopold v "izgnanstvo". Dobil si je za svoj novi dom krasno vilo v Švici, tik jezera, in letak prikazuje, kako tam igra golf in sanja o po-vratku na prestol, vmes pa vesel j ači.
Skoda, ker v Belgiji ni nobene močne stranke, ki bi bila za republiko. Vzrok temu menda je raonarhistična tradicija med ljudstvom in pa mržnje, ki razdvajajo flemsko ter francoski govoreče prebivalstvo te države. Ampak že to, da je proti Leopoldu toliko opozicije, je dobro znamenje. Tudi ako mu parlament v svojem končnem odlo-čevanju dovoli povratek — Leopold ne bo nikoli več priljubljen vladar. Ako bi bil pameten, bi šel kam v pozabljenost za italijanskim Umbertom, jugoslovanskem Petrom, za romunskem Mihaelom, albanskim Zogom ter za drugimi takimi, ki so sanjali ali še sanjajo, da jim bodo nekega dne povrnjeni troni in krone.
od Svete Genovefe do Razbojnika Ouzeja. In vse življenje svojih far prepletajo z Marijinimi družbami, fantovskimi odseki, delajo iz prižnic politične tribune in iz igralskih odrov prižnice, držijo učiteljstvo na vajetih in intrigirajo, če pride kaka učiteljica, ki ni "naša". S katero 4'naših" pa se včasih zapletejo v nežno ljubezen, ako jih ne pritegne kaka Frasova Lenčka. Kmečki fantje, ki vse noči lazijo okrog, vedo marsikaj povedati. Toda nič ni bolj osladnega, kakor opisovati kaplanske ljubezni
Sole s* si povsod podobne, da, kar enake. Zdolgočaseni upravitelji, tako ali drugače nesrečno
da je razočaran nad domovino. Ni mogoče dognati, v čem je to razočaranje. Po navadi so to starejši gospodje. V Avstriji so
intridesetih letih nabral trideset letnikov Zvona, katerih sicer ni bral, pač pa Jih je dal vezati. Vojna vilira je te Ijuili špravila v strašno zmedo, nihali so med svojo slovensko narodno zavestjo, kateri so služili toliko let, in med svojo pokojnino.
Tudi Podleski so raztreseni po vseh farah. Ni treba, da so prav "stari žandarji". lahko da so bili financarji v Avstriji, ali pa so kratko malo podedovali po starših majhno branjarijo, katero so potem na vse načine širili 'in se nekateri od njih povzpeli do uglednih trgovcev našega podeželja. Politično so kot obrtniki seveda liberalci in so bili za časa JNS župani. Berejo Jutro in hodijo takisto kakor vsi liberalci k maši. V svoji trgovini ščiplje-jo mlada dekleta, starejše trepljajo po plečih ali po ritkah, po-mežikujejo mladim učiteljicam, nato pa svojim znancem. Plav-šku ali Korenu, pomežiknejo za odhajajočim soncem: eek, cek, pipipi . • kar naj bi pomenilo nek'aj posebnega. Ampak . . predaleč je vse to, postali so kakor zapuščena ledina.
Tudi Mihar živi v vsaki fari.
se šolali, bili tam v službah, lah-1 T? je večni opozicionalec. Spo-ko da so bili celo slovenskega četka samo opozicionalec proti mišljenja, toda z Jugoslavijo se starim režimom, hkrati pa revo-
dušnih pastirjev — Sicer pa bi T^T' T*? *11 aruK?ce nesrečno Matiia nafel sknrai nn„Jictn,OZenJem. vse *>vljenje na tf-
Matija našel skoraj povsod isto podobo, razen če izvzamemo nesrečna begunca Korenova, dasi niti taki begunci v tistih č§sih na Štajerskem niso bili kaj nenavadnega. Prihajali so ljudje, ki sploh že skoraj niso vedeli, da so se rodili na naši zemlji. Ce pa že niso ostali pri nas, so prihajali vsaj po krstne liste, po potrdila, da ae v njih žilah ne pretaka židovska kri, marveč da so čistokrvni Nemci: Wisiaki, Schuschaiggi, Konscheggi in bog ve s kakšnimi slovenskimi imeni še. ki so dehtela po naših gorah, a katerih duše so že bile ponemčene.
Kamor koli bi prišel Klemene v Slovenskih goricah, bi se mu skoraj povsod odkrila ista podoba te zemlje. V vsaki fari bi našel kakega zaspanega, jezikavega župnika, ki neguje svoj rev-matizem; našel bi vsemogočno farovško kuharico, s katerimi župniki gospodarijo nad svojimi f aram i in spravljajo bogastvo bog ve za kaj in za koga, razen ker jim to leži v njihovih dušah, ki so jim v tem pogledu ostale nepokvarjene iz tistih otroških let, ko je mati, kmečA ženica, poslala svojega Zadravčka v šole z blagoslovom: Ko boš gospod, boš vsak dan jedel meso in bogat boš. To veliko naročilo je ostalo v duši nedotaknjeno, ih tako ZadrdVci nabirajo bogastvo, pazijo nad viničarsklm! in želarskimi dekleti, da bi ne bilo preveč nezakonskih otrok, pridigajo proti komunizmu, tarnajo nad revmatizmom in preganjajo učitelje. Povsod imajo župniki kaplane, s katerimi nadzirajo svoje fare. In ti kaplani se vtikajo v vsako stvar. Na vse
hem objokujejo svojo usodo in se zatekajo k mladim "novim"
niso mbgli nikdar sprijazniti. Hrvate še prenašajo, Srbov pa že ne morejo. Liberalci so po prepričafiju, v petek opoldne jedo meso, žvečer pa postno hrano. Vse življenje se ne ukvarjajo z bogom, k maši hodijo samo za-radj ljudi, toda na smrtni postelji pokličejo duhovnika in napravijo dolgo izpoved in spo-korno umro. Sicer pa bi ne ukrenili v življenju nič strašnega, da ni prišla vojna.
Povsod je kak upokojen učitelj s svojo hišico ali vinograd- Dobro pravilo: Besede mičejo, čkom, s svojo strogo, neprilju- vzgledi vlečejo!
lucionar vaških reVežev, upornik proti fajmoštrom, dovolj pameten, toda brez razgleda, hlastajoč za prvim, kar se mu prikazuje, pa čeprav je bat, za katerim posega v svoji revolucionarnosti, samo "prekla". "Glavno je, da s fajmoštri obračunamo!" je njihova osnovna misel.
(Dalje prihodnjič.)
Ker predsodki niso zidani na razumu, jih je z logiko nemogoče uničiti. — Tyron Edwards.
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Tu je moderno in ceneno kuhanje — po preračunani itedljivi ceni! Ime General Electric vam zagotavlja kakovost ... in ta oprema pomeni za vas posebne ugodnosti: Hitrostni "Calrod" deli se čistijo sami ... Da pa je kuhanje Se ceneje, je vdelan fiest kvortov velik

kotliček, kateri vam omogoča Se nižje kuhalne stroftke. T* peč ima dopasno Visok praiilec. ki vam omogoča hlftdnejSe. udobnejše in lahkejše kuhanje. Zelo so vam bo dopadel
lopadel tudi veliki shrambni
Credal in vtikalnik. Z eno besedo; vzlju-ili boste vse kar se tiče modčrne električne peči!
(Druge električne peči to do $399.95)
Instilacija stan« samo $20.00, v 2« obstoječih l-2in3- družinskih popolnoma reiidenčnih poslopjih v Chicagu.
COMMONWEALTH EDISON COMPANY
See (fcs new 19 so i
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72 Wtot Adams Straot 4749 North Wwtarn A v«. 3226 Watt 24* Street 4S33 Wast Irving *orV Hood 474 f0*t 47*1 StrMt )I3) North Imcpln Ava	SJ2 Watt 63rd Street
273) North Milwaukee Ave. 9025 South Commercial Ava. 4231 Wast ModlMn Street 1104« South MfcMgan Ave
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1 ....... • 1 A Yugoslav Weekly Devoted to »h«.	
Interest pf »h« Workers A	
OFFICIAL ORGAN OF	i
J. S. F. and Its iducational Bureau	
	


T
PROLETAREC
ST. — NO. 2207
education	f
organization
co-operative
commonwealth
A Tale of Two Judges
A contrast between two judges provides "food for-thought.* In New York, Federal Judge Medina, despite extreme provocation from lawyers for 11 top Communists, patiently gave the Reds" a fair trial. A jury convicted them of "conspiring to overthrow the government by violence."	*
An anti-Communist organization decided to pay tribute to Medina by inviting him to be its guesf of honor at a dinner. The judge declined, on the ground that he "would appear to be taking sides in a matter tried before me and now pending on appeal." Medina said he wanted to avoid the slightest reflection on the "integrity of the courts."
On the same day, at Cleveland, Federal Judge Jones talked to a group of newly naturalized citizens. Instead of trying to inspire them with the history and ideals of our country, he'gave them a bitter tirade against labor unions and against the "right to strike."
Could a union or its members get as fair a trial in Jones' court as even Communists could get in Medina's? If more judges were like Jones, and fewer like Medina, how long would the American people keep their faith in the impartiality of the courts? — Labor.
The Soviet's Roble Revaluation
'Pill Trust
Two of the largest drug manufacturing companies in the coun try were charged by the Department of Justice with attemping to gain a monopoly over the manufac ture of hard gelatine capsules These are the litle pellets in which many medicines are swallowed, especial those with an unpleasant taste.
Control of the machines which make the* capsules has permitted the two companies, Parke, Davis
Company and Eli Lilly & Company, to produce 90 per cent of all sold in the country, the government charges. It asks that the machines, »and "know-how" for their use, be made available to other drug companies to prevent further price-fixing and other "restrictive" practices.
We are not much impressed by either Moscow's or Washington s interpretation of the significance of the ruble's revaluation. It is not as sensational a proof of growing financial strength as the Soviet government would have us believe; but neither can it be written off as a purely propaganda effort. The statement of the Soviet Council of Ministers announced that henceforth the ruble would have a fixed exchange value of 25 instead of 19 cents, and declared that "the purchasing power of the ruble has become higher than its official exchange rate." Actually the ruble was overvalued at the former rate and will be still more overvalued at the new. For even though its gold content will theoretically make it equivalent to 25 cents, it does not have anything like thai amount of purchasing power. Prices in Russia remain extremely high. Allowing for cuts announced simultaneously with the revaluation, Will Lissner of the New York Times finds that butter costs $4.58 a pound in Moscow, tea $16.32 a pound, eggs $5.10 a dozen, and men's shoes (calf) $85 a pair. Obviously no one will \yillingly >ex-change dollars for rubles in these circumstances, and if the Soviet government were to permit the test of convertibility, foreign owners of rubles would certainly hasten to turn them into gold. On the other hand, it is noteworthy that since the currency reform of December, 1947, the Soviet government has three% times been able to reduce prices of a wide range of commodities. This suggests a steady rise in the supply of consumer goods in relation to the supply of money and an improvement in the Russian standard
of living, low as it undoubtedly still is compared with that in most siich pwUhable' crops' as potatoes Western countries. The fact that it is moving up rather than down should be sold in the market for may well impress workers in Asia and even perhaps in France and Italy, where the post-war trend of r^al wages has been downward. ~ The Nation.
Too Many Potatoes? That's a 'Problem' To U. S. Capitalism
WASHINGTON—Potatoes have become a serious national problem; not because we have too few, but because we have too many. That is, we have too many to sell the American people at the present high prices.
In the recent weeks orders have been given to dump (that Is to destroy or use for animal feed) tons upon tons of spuds, and plans have been made to support the price .of the 1950 potato crop at $1.01 per hundred lbs.
In the past few weeks hungry .people have been unable to buy these potatoes or to get adequate supplies of surplus potatoes through relief distribution.
And, last week, New Orleans potato men announced lhat they were buying spuds in Canada for sale in the USA because they were cheaper even after paying the freight.
All this may add support to the Brannan Plan, which provides that
Bad Medicine
The doctors in Houston have made the American Medical Association happier than an emperor whose subjects have presented him with a new diamond for his crown.
4 The Harris County < Houston) Medical Society—one of the largest physicians' organizations in the United States—has voted its opposition to three bills pending in Congress. It has urged Texas Congressmen to oppose:
1—Any	extension of social security.
2—Any	Federal aid for medical education.
3—Any	Federal aid for medical care for school children. Just how M.D.'s can do so much good in practicing their
profession and so much harm in fightingi good government as it relates to their calling is beyond the power of understanding.
>	—League Reporter.
Labor's Political Poverty
See on this page a box which we clipped — believe it or not! — from the official CIO News. The story is that some CIO oil workers in Indiana have told Harry Truman that unless he gets rid of Robert N. Denham as NLRB general counsel, they are going to do something about it themselves.
And what are these union oil workers going to do?
l!T2^hy thCy rC S°ing VOte strai«ht Republican in 1950 and
Good God! Is that still the choice that workers — even Union workers — are making! After all the years of struggle and sacrifice; after all the campaigning and organizing; after Political Action Committee and Taft-Hartley; after wars, depressions, public debts, deficit budgeting and inflationary prices — after all the struggle, sacrifice and frustration that has been Labor's lot in life, can union workers still, think of nothing better than jumping back and forth between the Republican frying pan and the Democratic fire!
Such a threat will not worry those business interests that union workers accuse Robert i Denham of favoring. Neither did the election of Harry S. Truman and a Democratic Congress prevent those same ihterests from rolling up the greatest profits and paying out the largest dividends in history.
But Truman and the Democrats and Taft and the Repub-
The Resurrection of John L
There are more angles to the recent victory won by John L. Lewis and his union of miners than can be covered in a single editorial. It is, of course, possible to point a derisive finger at these narrow-visioned individuals who gleefully, but prematurely proclaimed the demise of John L. Lewis as a leader of Labor. Johi> is more alive now than he has been for a number of years.
There is also that wage rise that the miners will get. Well licans are alike in that the main consideration of both is^the probably take that matter up at some future time when increases preservation of an economy that simply can't function unless in the price of coa^make it plain that the owners aren't lo*ipg| workers are exploited for the benefit of an owning class.
onvfiktM«« AMM 4 M M4	M«* m L 1 _ J ^» 'A ___11______V i	. i	__	#	O
Now if Labor would threaten to vote Socialist — or even to form a political party of their own to oppose both old parties they would deserve and get a great deal more respectful consideration. And if, instead of merely threatening, they would act independently in politics, workers neither would consider jumping from one group of capitalist politicians to another now or flopping on the bandwagon of some future dictator who offers them bread in exchange for their freedom.
— Reading Labor Advocate.

REFLECTIONS
fey Raymond S. Hofscs .
Both great organizations 6f American workers are now demanding upward revision of the Sociaf Security standards. So is the Socialist Party« { "
It is, therefore, as an advocate of a higher level of security— which means more spending of Federa dollars at a time when the nationa debt is at its all-time peake with the nation operating on a gigantic budget lhat still leaves a deficit of $5 billions in a single year — that this column now calls attention to a danger in what both unions and the Socialist Party is advocating.
Socialists can agree with the opposition of big and little business interests and the middleclass barnacles that cling to the capitalist economy who cry that capitalism i^elf is endangered by accepting a greater burden than capitalism cdn stand.
If the word "capitalism" is here given monotonous repetition, it is because that is precisely what this column is talking about. And so we admit that our "free" capitalist economy is doomed if the aged and the unemployed — both of which are increasing in number — are to be given the high living standards which both unionists and socialists want every American to have."
However there are at least two points upon which socialists stand alone.
First is that socialists don't want the capitalist economy to continue, while most of the leadership of our unions do.
Second is that socialists have a program for another kind of economy to take the place of the capitalist private-profit system, and union leadership doesn't.
tween the capitalist economy and the nation itself.
Capitalism can't function in a democratic society unless the ownership of the nation's resources are vested in private hands and unless the private owners affable to exploit those resources and the nation's workers for their own profit.
The growth of unemployment is positive proof that the~ owners are NOT able to exploit a large and growing portion of the people. And the demana for high levels of social security which both unionists and socialists are making is a direct attack upon the profits which make a capitalist system possible in a free" society.
But however the economy may be undermined and weakened, the NATION still stands as is—with all its land, its minerals and metals, its machines, its railroads and trucks and able working people.
The system may die, but the nation will live on—if the people organize to manage it.
what they will bring, and for the government to pay a subsidy directly to the farmer if the market price is below the parity price established by the Department of Agriculture.'
The crocodile tears of such reactionaries as Republican Senator McCarthy over the waste of good food should not obscure the fact that he and his collegues are the people who refused to appripriate money to make it possible for the Department of Agriculture to ship the potatoes to the places where needy people can get them.
anything and that workers as a whole don't really gain Vhen they fight for more dollars on a group basis but permit the capitalist economy to remain the way of life.
But what we consider important enough to stre& at this time — chiefly because it is likely to be overlooked — is the significance of the operators' refusal to agree to a 200-working-day year for coal miners.
John L. would have made some other concessions to get that kind of guarantee. For what reason did the operators hedge'' And what is the significance of their reason?
We submit that the operators didn't enter into a 200-day agreement because they didn't feel safe in doing so. They just didn't believe that they could find a market for all the coal that miners could produce by working 200 days. And they feared that, from here on out, strike or no strike, miners will be idle a large part of the time.
- Well, what about the editorial writers and calamity howlers who made much of the money the miners were "losing" by striking? What do they say now, when the operators decide in advance that the losses win have to continue year after year? Are those anti-Lewisites ready to confess that they think it's very well for miners to be idle when the owners do the deciding and wrong onty when miners time the lay-offs? — Reading Labor Advocate.
THE LAST WORD
PEOPLE DO IT
By Henry Jones
By Duffy
There's a lot of fool-osophy in magazine cartoons and quips and some of it is rather good — at times. .;. At other times, some of it smells but at least it produces a chuckle for a moment.
Socialists are sorry that the above points of differences exist between them and Organized Labor, dut there is nothing to be gained by failing to recognize and admit a fact.
Socialists also are badly scared by the prospect of what will happen if the capitalist system collapses and the working people of the nation are not equipped with a plan for socializing and democratically-operating the means of production and distribution.
From Frying Pan to the Fire
Thirty-three members of the * CIO Oil Workers Local 210, Hammond, Ind., feel so strongly" about Robert N. Denham that they signed a letter to President Truman warning him to oust the NLRB general counsel—or else.
"Mr. President," they wrote, "if you do not take steps to remove this blot on the name of •Democracy from office, we, the undersigned, employes of So-cony-Vacuum Oil Co., of East Chicago, Ind., voicing the opinion of our brother workers, resolve to vote straight Republican in 1950 and 1952."
Two of the signers incidentally, live on Truman St., Hammond, Ind.—CIO News, March 6, 1950,
Ohioan Discovers 'Lost Libert/
You know how that old conservative line goes: The New Deal and the Fair Deal have taken away the liberties of the American people.
But try to get a conservative to list those liberties which have been "lost" and all that results is a lot of flag waving "but meaningless oratroy.
Sen. Robert Taft (It. Ohio) has rummaged around and discovered the first, live liberty which the new deal has snatched' from all
of us.
It's the liberty to spend our money as we please. That's right. That's what the Senator says. He states:
"The government is saying, in effect, you have not the liberty to spend the money which you have earned by the sweat of your brow but you must turn over one fourth of it to the government and let the government decide what the money shall be spent for."
Senator, you're not serious when you say that the New Deal invented taxation, are you? Any history book will tell you that the Roman Empire, which came before the New Deal by a f*v years, levied taxes.
Senator, you'd better go back to your economic woods and try again!
I read just the other day of a young lady who in commenting on the new dress styles sported by the so-called upper crust that at least the woman who wears them if she's single, will either catch, herself
a man — or a cold.
• • •
! liked that cartoon of a smart bird giving his girl a string and then adding that perhaps a little
later, he'd add the pearls.
• • «
Franklin P. Jones, whoever he might be, remarked recently the only reason some people never get out of the woods is that they re-fusp to giye up golf.
guy who buys one-* •
-that works.
Not being committed to the capitalist way of life, socialists very properly recognise a difference be

My Heart Leaps
By WILLIAM WORDSWORTH
My heart leaps up when I behold A rainbow in the sky: , So It was when my life began; So it is now I am a man; So be It when 'I shall grow old.
Or let me die! • The Child is father to the Man;' And I could wish my days to be Bound each to each by natural piety. '
Unfortunate v
I have an awful hard time .catching people's names when I'm in troduced," said a business man.
' So do I," said the other, "but I found a good way to get around that. Instead of asking to have the name repeated, I look intelli gent and say, Pardon me. Do you spell your name with an I or an e? It works fine "
"I know," said the first business man. "I used to do that. But one day I was introduced to a new customer, and she never bought a thing."
"How'd that happen?"
"Well, when she was introduced, I didn't catch her name; so I ask* d her whether she spelled it with an e or an j.**
"What was her name?"
"Hill/*	'	. i
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\
Non-golfers I've known have the
same trouble but for other reasons. • • •
By the way, did you know that steel costs less than five cents a pound and that practically everything else we buy costs a lot more than that? The American Iron and
Steel Institute says so in ad. • • • »
iThey compare prices, too, just to prove their point; sugar, 8 cents; milk 20 cents a quart; thread 13 cents a pound; pork and beef, you know how much that costs; and
butter, at least «5 cents.
• • •
Luck and pluck are the twin combinations to syccess, one sage remarks—luck in finding someone to pluck.
. t "
Have you seen the picture Strom-boll with Ifegrid Bergman, directed by her Rossellini? It's bill as "raging island—raging passion?" So far we've read a dozen reviews of it —and they all are unanimous in their regard for the picture The
verdict: it stinks! % • • •
Chairman Wayne Coy of the Federal Communications Commission, has stated that "Radio broadcasting is potentially our most powerful medium of public education."
Did you know that: 95 per cent of all our homes are equipped with radios?
25 per cent of all our automobiles are equipped with radios?
Surveys show American« spend more spare time listening to radios
than for any other single activity? 0 0 0
A pessimist is one who buys two life-time pens. An optimist jis a
J
I wish it were posible for all o£ us to adopt the philosophy of Will Rogers who declared that "he had
never met a man he didn't like." • ♦ •»
U. S. stockholders last year received the biggest total of dividends in history—more than $6.5 billion. That was 7 per cent more than they were paid in 1948, according to the Department pf Commerce.
The Department computes all publicly-reported cash dividends. Because only 60 or 65 per cent of such payments are reported publicly, the actual dividend figure far exceeded $6.5 billion.
Now what U all that stuff about there being no chance for "venture capital'' — a favorite term of the Wall Street economists — to earn profits?
And what about the Taft-Martin-Byrd line that private enterprise
is on the rocks?
• • *
Premilinary investigation by the House Select Committee on Lobbyy ing Activities shows that nearly 500 groups have spent $27 million to try to influence Congressional legislation since 1946.
And this is only part of the story. Only a part of the hundreds of lobbyists in Washington register with the Clerk of the House, as provided by law. This is because the law is so vague.
No estimate of the total amount of money spent on lobbying each year is available. The committee's figures are based on the reports made to the House Clerk.
The committee plans to begin hearings soon on all phases of the big lobbying indusVry in Washington.	*
SOFAR is a life-saving bomb, and so far about the only life-saving use ior bombs. It's a small bomb to be dropped by wrecked planes or vessels,"to explode at a critical under-water depth. Its explosion can*be heard by the proper apparatus 2000 miles away, in Frisco, Sacramento or Hawaii, and by timing and triangulation, the exact location where it was dropped determined. Its name is sort for Sound Fixing and Ranging. Sounds Uke a good thing, and the press reports: Lack of funds so far has prevented installation of similar stations on the East Coast."
Next time you follow the papers for days to read some hectic account of planes scouting the ocean for a wreck, remember this is one of the various things we can't afford to do because it takes all we can spare to get ready to bump each other off instead. It may even get to where it takes so much for this purpose that we can't afford to live iivthe manner we're accustomed to.
F'rinstance it seems we're headed to spend about $25 billion more a year on H-bomb defense, and that's just a start at dispersing the big cities, coastal ones first. And then it costs a bit to throw so much stuff away. Just to be help-fuj, we submit this Recipe for a Fair Deal Handout:
. Take 219 million dozen eggs. 23 million pounds of cheese, 89 million pounds of butter, all slightly-stale, and 189 million pounds of dried milk, thinned out with as much water as New York City has to spare. Stir well. Add in the 25 billion bushels of potatoes that didn't get' dumped and the 400 million surplus bushels of wheat. Bake in hot air, furnished free by-Congress, and store in relief agencies to dole out in the next depression.
in terms of facts instead of the noises we get off our chests. Maybe with Havakrfwa and the rest of the semantil^ts, especially if they'll only keep clear of the notion that they can have a cure-all, we can steer clear of calling a party dictatorship a "dictatorship of the proletariat," and the suppression of civil liberties the preservation of our freedom.
• • •
»
Are you inclined to let your eye glance down at young ladies' ankles and thereabouts? We hear that shortly you will see something new: the seam of the stocking in front instead of back. Just why, this long-established observer of the field cannot say, but it may be a stunt akin to this proposal to change the color of the currency, making the nylon hose that got hoarded during the shortage, out of datg, and thus stimulate sales. Wonder if there'll be any war over it like the one over the new look?
How About You?
Shoald radio c6medians be allowed to laugh loudly into the microphone at their own jokes, or to have "stooges'* do the laughing for them? Two congressmen, Phillips of California and Gore of Tennessee. are getting "fed up" with it, and at a Congressional hearing asked Wayne Coy, chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, to do something about it.
Coy indicated he doesn't exactly like tbe loud and artificial radio "ha-ha's" himself, but said there are a lot of different kinds of Americans, »and maybe some of them enjoy listening to manufactured laughter.
How about you?
Experts 'Play Tunes' on Books
Here's something a lot of people have suspected, and which now is confirmed by a man who knows what he is talking about—Harry A. McDonald, chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
"In the hands of an expert," McDonald told the Senate Banking Committee, "a balance sheet or income statement is like a musical instrument: he can make it play any tune he wants."
In other word}, expert accountants can make a corporation's "books" show a profit to please stockholders and tempt unwary investors, and a loss when it« workers asks wage increases or Upcle Sam comes collecting taxes.
Eggs and cheese and butter and bombs are facts. To write words about them even in lawbooks does not change the facts as much as the consumption of one cheese omelet. Terms like overproduction ancL underconsumption and standards of living are even further away from such facts as those eggs that are beginning to develop an odor and that actual butter that probably is getting rancid. A. H. Korzybski, the semanticist who got a lot of people into the habit of distinguishing between a word and a fact, and looking for the thing that the word referred to, died last week without making nearly as much noise in this world as if he had killed a lot of people 'if we survive the H-bombs, ma^be Mir can keep out of some messes by making sure that our words refer to, and thus think
What Is Wrong?
For countless years, Boston has annually held meetings in historic Faneuil Hall, the "Cradle of American Liberty," to honor the birthdays of Washington and Lincoln. Last year, only 34 people showed up. This year it was "called off" by Mayor Hynes, on the ground of "lack of public interest."
What's happened to Boston— scene of some of the American Revolution's most historic happenings? Are the people of other cities similarly losing interest in the Revolution which did so much to establish world democracy? If so, why? Are our schools falling down on teaching the inspiring story of our country?—Labor.
Reed not books alone, but men, and amongst them chiefly thy sel/.' —Queries
L
"Cultivators of the earth are the most value-able citizens. They are the most vigorous, the most independent, the most virtuous, and they are tied to their country, and wedded to its liberty and interests by the most lasting bonds."
Thomas Jefferson, 1786
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