GEOLOGIJA 64/2, 292-302, Ljubljana 2021 Poro~ila - Report 6th Regional Scientific Meeting on Quaternary Geology: Seas, Lakes and Rivers, September 2021, Ljubljana Petra JAMŠEK RUPNIK1, Ana NOVAK1,2 & Miloš BAVEC1 1Geološki zavod Slovenije, Dimičeva ul. 14, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; e-mail: petra.jamsek@geo-zs.si 2University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, Department of Geology, Aškerčeva c. 12, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia The 6th Regional Scientific Meeting on Qua- ternary Geology took place from September 27th through 29th, 2021 in a hybrid form: as a virtu- al and in-person meeting in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The meeting was primarily intended as an oppor- tunity to bring together researchers working on Quaternary geology, geomorphology, stratigra- phy, and related subjects in the Adriatic, Alpine, Dinaric, and Pannonian regions, however, par- ticipants more involved in other regions were also welcome. This meeting was the first one hosted by the Slovenian INQUA Committee (SINQUA1), while the first 5 meetings were organized by the Croatian INQUA Committee. Together with the Croatian and Italian Quaternary communities, including 19 partner institutions and associations from the region, SINQUA organized this meeting with the main theme “Seas, Lakes and Rivers”, which was the focus of the keynote lectures and the virtual excursion. The meeting was attended by about fifty researchers from nine countries. Full list of organizers: Slovenian INQUA Committee (SINQUA), Croatian INQUA Commit- tee (CRO-INQUA), Geological Survey of Slovenia (GeoZS), Research Centre of the Slovenian Acad- emy of Sciences and Arts (ZRC SAZU), Institute of Archaeology (IzA) & Karst Research Institute (IZRK), Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engi- neering, University of Ljubljana (UL NTF), CNR - Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources (IGG), University of Padova (UNIPD), CNR - In- stitute of Environmental Geology and Geoen- gineering, Unit of Milano (IGAG), Institute of Quaternary Paleontology and Geology, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts (HAZU), Croatian Geological Survey (HGI), Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (PMF), Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, Universi- ty of Zagreb (RGNF), Archaeological Museum of Istria (AMI), Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia (FLIN), Slovenian Geological Society (SGD), Geomorphological Society of Slovenia (GMDS), Italian Association for Quaternary Re- search (AIQUA), Faculty of Arts, University of Ljubljana (UL FF), and Marine Biology Station Piran (NIB-MBP). Organizing and Scientific Committee: Petra Jamšek Rupnik – chair (GeoZS), Ana Novak - vice-chair (GeoZS, UL NTF), Maja Andrič (ZRC SAZU, IzA), Miloš Bavec (GeoZS), Dea Brunović (HGI), Nina Caf (ZRC SAZU, IzA), Branko Čer- melj (NIB-MBP), Goran Durn (RGNF), Igor Fel- ja (PMF), Alessandro Fontana (UNIPD), Andrej Gaspari (UL FF), Ozren Hasan (HGI), Nikolina Ilijanić (HGI), Katarina Jerbić (FLIN), Ida Kon- cani Uhač (AMI), Ljerka Marjanac (HAZU), Eva Mencin Gale (GeoZS), Slobodan Miko (HGI), Giovanni Monegato (IGG), Andrej Novak (UL NTF), Roberta Pini (IGAG), Tomislav Popit (UL NTF), Mitja Prelovšek (ZRC SAZU, IZRK), Liv- io Ronchi (UNIPD), Cesare Ravazzi (IGAG), An- drej Šmuc (UL NTF), Astrid Švara (ZRC SAZU, IZRK), Nadja Zupan Hajna (ZRC SAZU, IZRK), Manja Žebre (GeoZS). The three-day meeting took place in the Atrium of the Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts and through a vir- tual platform for remote participants. The meet- ing was opened by Miloš Bavec, representative of SINQUA, Goran Durn, president of CRO-INQUA, and Giovanni Monegato, president of AIQUA. The first two days were devoted to scientific ses- sions that included 39 presentations on 1) seas & transitional environments, 2) archeology, earth- quakes & structural geology, 3) projects, 4) lakes, forelands & mountains, 5) karst, and 6) aeolian sediments. The keynote lectures included pre- sentations by a) Branko Čermelj (NIB-MPB): The 1 SINQUA formed in 2014 and has been under the auspices of the Slovenian Geological Society, a member of the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA), since 2015. Its mission is to connect Quaternary researchers and share the latest research results with both the Slovenian and international Quaternary research community. The main goal is the progress in the field of Quaternary science in Slovenia. You can find more information on the website of the https://www.slovenskogeo- loskodrustvo.si/index.php/mednarodno-sodelovanje/sodelovanje-v-mednarodnih-organizacijah. recent sediments of the Gulf of Trieste, the most northern part of the Adriatic – An overview of the last 5 decades of the biogeochemical and sed- imentological research, b) Slobodan Miko (HGI): Submerged landscapes of the Eastern Adriatic Sea, c) Andrej Gaspari (UL FF): Underwater ar- chaeological investigations in Slovenia (the Slo- venian sea and Ljubljana moor), d) Nadja Zupan Hajna (IZRK): Sediments of a sinking river in karst over time: Škocjan Caves as a case study, e) Nikolina Ilijanić (HGI): Paleolimnology of Holo- cene karst lakes along the Eastern Adriatic coast. The second day ended with a geological tour of Ljubljana led by Matevž Novak (GeoZS). On the third day, a virtual excursion took us to Quater- nary marine, lacustrine and fluvial sites in Slo- venia, Italy and Croatia, presented by Alessandro Fontana (UNIPD), Giovanni Monegato (IGG), Petra Jamšek Rupnik (GeoZS), Andrej Šmuc (UL NTF), Maja Andrič (IzA), Nina Caf (IzA), Katari- na Jerbić (FLIN), Ana Novak (GeoZS, UL NTF) and Livio Ronchi (UNIPD). More information with the full program is available on the meet- ing’s website. Despite the hybrid format of the meeting, the presentations stimulated lively discussions in a friendly atmosphere. Many new research re- sults were presented and collected in the Book of abstracts, which is available online. In addi- tion, a special issue of Quaternary - Seas, Lakes and Rivers in the Adriatic, Alpine, Dinaric and Pannonian Regions during the Quaternary is in preparation for selected papers. The next meeting, the 7th Regional Scientific Meeting on Quaternary Geology, will be orga- nized by the Croatian INQUA Committee in 2024 in Croatia. Acknowledgements: We thank the members of the Organizing and Scientific Committee and our partner institutions and associations who helped us prepare the mee- ting. We also gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Slovenian Geological Society, the Geomorphological Society of Slovenia and the Geological Survey of Slovenia. We thank the Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts for hosting us in their atrium in the beautiful old city center of Ljubljana, and the technical team that took care of the online streaming. A special thanks goes to the keynote speakers, session chairs and virtual ex- cursion leaders. Many thanks also to Matevž Novak for leading the geological tour of Ljubljana, Marko Zakrajšek for preparing the website, Staša Čertalič and Irena Trebušak for their help with the Book of ab- stracts and promotion of the meeting, Staša Čertalič and Vida Pavlica for designing some of the meeting materials, Metka Leban and Stanka Žibert for taking care of the financial part, Rok Brajkovič for delivery services, and geology students Aleša Uršič Arko and Andrej Bricman for on-site technical support. Many thanks to all participants for coming and sharing their latest research results, hope to see you all again in three years. Fig. 1. The meeting venue was in the center of Ljubljana, in the Atrium of the Research Center of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (photo: P. Jamšek Rupnik). Fig. 2. The hybrid form of the meeting attracted more vir- tual participants. The virtual excursion on the 3rd day of the meeting was mainly followed online (photo: P. Jamšek Rupnik). 1 https://www.geo-zs.si/rmqg/ 2 https://www.geo-zs.si/PDF/Monografije/6thRMQG_BookOfAbstracts.pdf 3 https://www.mdpi.com/journal/quaternary/special_issues/6th_RMQG Fig. 3. Geological tour through the city center of Ljubljana led by Matevž Novak (photo: P. Jamšek Rupnik). Fig. 4. Some of the presentations were pre-recorded. The vir- tual excursion stop by A. Šmuc, M. Andrič and N. Caf was presented and recorded at the viewpoint above Lake Bohinj (photo: P. Jamšek Rupnik). Islandija ni bila slučajno izbrana za organi- zacijo 6. svetovnega geotermalnega kongresa, saj je prvovrstna predstavnica izkoriščanja geoter- malne energije. Vendar pa so islandski organiza- torji zaradi nastopa pandemije Covid-19 morali njegov potek precej spremeniti. Po prvotnem na- črtu bi se kongres moral odvijati v Reykjaviku od 27. apr. do 1. maja 2020. Tako pa ga je moral or- ganizacijski komite (OK) zaradi nastopa pande- mije časovno in organizacijsko precej spremeniti. Najprej ga je dne 13. marca 2020 prestavil za dob- ro leto dni naprej (21. do 26. maja 2021). Vseeno pa so že 27. aprila 2020 izvedli začasni uvodni virtu- alni dogodek, ki je obsegal nagovore predsedni- ka Islandije, predsednika in izvršne direktorice IGA, predsednika tehničnega komiteja ter dve predavanji o proizvodnji elektrike iz geotermal- ne energije (G. Huttrer) in neposredni rabi toplote iz geotermalne energije v svetu (J. Lund). Potem pa je OK ugotovil, da tudi ta termin ne bo izve- dljiv. Zato so se 4. feb. 2021 odločili, da kongres izvedejo z nekaj mesečnimi virtualnimi dogodki od marca do oktobra 2021 in ga poimenovali »ge- otermalni semester«. Otvoritveni 2-urni dogodek je bil 30. marca s sedmimi uvodnimi predavanji. Sledili so virtualni celodnevni dogodki (od I do IV), prvi 13. aprila, drugi 11. in 12. maja, tretji 15. junija in četrti 6. julija. Semester se je zaključil s 3-dnevno konferenco v Reykjaviku (glavni dogo- 6. svetovni geotermalni kongres WGC 2020+1, Reykjavik (Islandija) marec – oktober, 2021 Dušan RAJVER Geološki zavod Slovenije, Dimičeva ul. 14, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenija; e-mail: dusan.rajver@geo-zs.si dek 25.-27. okt. 2021), ki je potekala hibridno (v živo za tiste, ki so prišli na Islandijo in virtualno za ostale registrirane udeležence). Prejšnji sve- tovni geotermalni kongresi oziroma mednarodni geotermalni simpoziji od leta 1970 dalje so ome- njeni v poročilu pred šestimi leti (Rajver, 2015). V izkoriščanju geotermalne energije je Islan- dija v svetovnem vrhu glede na prebivalstvo, tako glede neposredne rabe toplote iz geotermal- ne energije kot tudi proizvodnje elektrike iz nje. Prevladuje neposredna raba, posebej ogrevanje prostorov (44,6 % vse izkoriščene geotermalne energije). Daljinsko ogrevanje Reykjavika z ge- otermalno energijo (sedaj Reykjavik Energy) je bilo uradno ustanovljeno že leta 1946. Delež ge- otermalne energije v daljinskem ogrevanju se je zvišal iz 43 % v letu 1970 na sedanjih 90 %. V mestih in vaseh deluje okrog 30 ločenih sistemov geotermalnega daljinskega ogrevanja in dodat- no še 200 majhnih sistemov na podeželju. Slednji oskrbujejo z vročo vodo individualne kmetije ali skupine kmetij, kakor tudi poletne koče, rastli- njake in druge uporabnike. Imajo 165 rekreacij- skih plavalnih in balneoloških centrov, med nji- mi jih 140 uporablja geotermalno toploto. Večina plavalnih bazenov je odprta celo leto. Ogrevanje rastlinjakov je za ogrevanjem prostorov druga najvažnejša raba geotermalne energije. Vročo ali delno ohlajeno vodo uporabljajo še za taljenje 294