Original Scientific Article UDK 595.78:591.9(497-16) Received: 2012-04-25 NEW DATA ON THE PRESENCE OF THREE SIMILAR SPECIES OF THE GENUS MELITAEA: M. ATHALIA, M. AURELIA AND M. BRITOMARTIS (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE) IN THE NORTH-WESTERN BALKANS Toni KOREN & Jure JUGOVIC University of Primorska, Science and Research Centre, Institute for Biodiversity Studies, SI-6310 Izola, Giordana Bruna 6, Slovenia E-mail: koren.toni1@gmail.com ABSTRACT The recently collected distribution data about three similar Melitaea (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) species (M. athalia, M. aurelia and M. britomartis) that were reliably identified based on morphology of genitalia are presented. Three countries from the NW Balkans (Slovenia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina) were included in the survey. All three species are widely distributed in Slovenia and Croatia from the lowlands to the subalpine belt, frequently occurring also in sintopy. The proportion of M. aurelia and M. britomartis that are often treated as rare is quite high, accounting for 28.5 % and 22.7 % of the total studied sample size, respectively. The known area of distribution for M. aurelia and M. britomartis has been significantly extended to the south, especially in Croatia from where only two records for the latter had previously existed. M. britomartis is recorded in Bosnia and Herzegovina for the first time. Key words: Melitaea athalia/aurelia/britomartis, genitalia, distribution, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina NUOVE CONFERME DELLA PRESENZA DI TRE SPECIE SIMILI DEL GENERE MELITAEA: M. ATHALIA, M. AURELIA E M. BRITOMARTIS (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE) NEI BALCANI NORD-OCCIDENTALI SINTESI L'articob riporta recenti dati sulla distribuzione di tre specie simili di Melitaea (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae: M. athalia, M. aurelia e M. britomartis), che sono state determinate in base alla morfologia degli organi genitali. La ricerca ha coperto il territorio di tre stati dei Balcani nord-occidentali (Slovenia, Croazia, Bosnia ed Erzegovina). I risultati indicano che tutte le specie hanno un'ampia distribuzione in Slovenia e Croazia. M. aurelia e M. britomartis, frequentemente considerate quali specie rare, hanno rappresentato un'alta percentuale del campione studiato, ossia il 28,5 % ed il 22,7 %, rispettivamente. L'area di distribuzione conosciuta di M. aurelia e M. britomartis è stata estesa significativamente verso sud, specialmente in Croazia, dove fino ad oggi si contavano solo due segnalazioni delle specie studiate. M. britomartis è stata trovata in Bosnia ed Erzegovina per la prima volta. Parole chiave: Melitaea athalia/aurelia/britomartis, genitali, distribuzione, Slovenia, Croazia, Bosnia ed Erzegovina INTRODUCTION The genus Melitaea is comprised of about 65 small to medium-sized butterfly species distributed widely across the Palaearctic region (Leneveu et al., 2009). The radiation of diversity in the genus Melitaea is estimated to have happened in early the Miocene, somewhere in the Central Palaearctic region (Leneveu et al., 2009). In Europe, 15 species of the genus Melitaea are present (Van Swaay et al., 2010), of which eight are distributed in the area of the north-western part of the Balkan Peninsula. Most European representatives of this genus have clearly visible external diagnostic morphological characteristics and can be easily distinguished from similar species (Tolman & Lewington, 2008). Aside from those, this genus also includes some species which are difficult to recognize by external morphology, i.e. colour patterns on the wings. There are some species for which the morphology of the genitals must be checked for correct identification (Urbahn, 1952; Tolman & Lewington, 2008; Paulaviciute & Tamutis, 2009). This includes the complex of three species present in the northern Balkans: Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg, 1775), Melitaea aurelia (Nickerl, 1850) and Melitaea britomartis Assmann, 1847. Although some authors propose different external character keys for identification of the three species (e.g., Higgins & Rilley, 1970; Lafranchis, 2004; Tolman & Lev-ington, 2008), i.e. combination of coloration (lunules on hind wings and band coloration, colour of hair on the palps and size), the morphological variability prevents proper identification at all times (Tolman & Lewington, 2008; Lorkovic, 2009). The three most north-western Balkan countries (Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina) have a long tradition of butterfly research (e.g., Mann, 1857, 1867, 1869; Hafner, 1909; Stauder, 1919-1927; Carn-elutti, 1992; Lelo, 2007; Lorkovic, 2009; Sasic & Mi-hoci, 2011). Until 1991, all three countries were part of former Yugoslavia. So far only one distribution atlas for the whole area of Yugoslavia exists (Jaksic, 1988) where the presence of each species is indicated for the 10 x 10 km2 UTM fields. Slovenia is the best surveyed country in the Balkans, owing to numerous recent publications, and a new Atlas of butterflies (Verovnik et al., 2012). In the last 20 years much new data regarding the butterflies of Croatia has been published (e.g., Mihoci et al., 2007; Koren & Ladavac, 2010; Koren et al., 2011; Sasic & Mihoci, 2011), but large parts of the country still remain unsurveyed. For Bosnia and Herzegovina, only a small number of papers have been published in the last 20 years (e.g., Lelo, 2000), including a book with general information on the distribution of butterflies in this country (Lelo, 2007). While M. athalia and M. aurelia have already been recorded in Bosnia and Herzegovina, this is not true for M. britomartis (Lelo, 2007). The majority of the published data on the three species of Melitaea from the NW Balkans rely mostly on identification based on external morphology. Since the latter is extremely difficult owing to the high rate of morphological variability in species (and/or population) (Tolman & Lewington, 2008), there is a high probability of a series of misidentifications in the older literature, most commonly in favour of M. athalia which is believed to be the most widespread and frequent of all three species (Jaksic, 1988; Lorkovic, 2009). As such, distribution data from papers in which species were identified only on the basis of external morphological characteristics needs to be treated differently from the data obtained from genitalia preparations. Without those data, however, almost no records would be left for Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. With the application of identification based on the morphology of genitalia, we expect: (1) to reliably identify the specimens to the species rank, and (2) to provide exact data on their geographical, altitudinal and temporal distributions. Hence, we expect to considerably change the current knowled- Fig. 1: Distribution of the three Melitaea species (M. athalia, M. aurelia, M. britomartis) from the NW Balkans based on the data included in the present study. The historically defined southern limit of the distribution of M. aurelia is denoted by the grey line. The two historical records of M. britomartis in Croatia are denoted by "X". Sl. 1: Zemljevid razširjenosti treh vrst iz rodu Melitaea (M. athalia, M. aurelia, M. britomartis) na področju SZ Balkana. Zgodovinsko postavljena južna meja razširjenosti M. aurelia je označena s sivo črto. Dva zgodovinska podatka za M. britomartis na Hrvaškem sta označena z "X". ge on the presence of these three species in some parts of the NW Balkans. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples of three species of the genus Melitaea (Fig. 1, Appendix 1) were collected with a butterfly net for over last 30 years all over the NW Balkans, including the following countries: Slovenia (samples from 20 localities), Croatia (32 localities) and Bosnia and Herzegovina (4 localities). Sample size ranged from 1 to 12 for males and from 1 to 3 for females, with males prevailing (Appendix 1). On each sampling occasion, the data on sampling locality was gathered, which includes geographic position, altitude and a short habitat description (Appendix 1). Specimens were mounted and are deposited in two private collections in Pazin, Croatia (Koren T. collection) and Kranj, Slovenia (Jugovic I. collection) (see Appendix 1, under Coll.). As a high morphological variability of the wing size, pattern and coloration has been reported by several studies (e.g., Tolman & Lewington, 2008), no specimens were attributed to a single species regarding these characteristics (see Introduction for details). Specimens were identified to the species level according to the genitalia structure that is species specific (Urbahn, 1952; Tolman & Lewington, 2008; Paulaviciute & Tamutis, 2009). A completely certain identification, however, is possible only in males (Urbahn, 1952). In females there are slight differences among the species, but not all specimens can be reliably attributed to the species level (Urbahn, 1952). The genitalia of each specimen were isolated using the standard procedure for genitalia isolation. The procedure includes the cutting of the abdomen and immersing it in a 10 % KOH solution overnight. Isolated genitalia were examined under a stereomicroscope (Leica MZ 12.5) and stored in 75 % ethanol afterwards. The storage vials are vouchered accordingly to specimens from the collections. All sampling localities were geo-referenced either by using a GPS device (e-Trex Vista) or by the use of Google Earth afterwards (Appendix 1). For the distribution and statistical analyses, ArcGIS software, Excel 2010 (Microsoft) and SPSS 14.0 were used, respectively. RESULTS Species and geographic occurrence The principal result of our analysis is the confirmation of the expected presence of all three species in Slovenia, Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina (Fig. 1). Of 123 collected specimens, 60 (48.8 %) belong to M. athalia (32 localities), followed by 35 specimens (28.5 %) of M. aurelia (23 localities) and 28 specimens (22.7 %) of M. britomartis (21 localities). The distribution of all three species seems to be more or less contiguous, and the distribution areas of the all three species greatly overlap (Fig. 1). Nevertheless, all three species were found together only at 7.1 % of all localities, and in an additional 21.4 %, two species were found in sintopy. In other cases, only one species was found in a single locality (Appendix 1). Temporal and altitudinal distribution The temporal and altitudinal occurrence phenology of the three studied Melitaea species is presented in Figure 2. The adults are active from the beginning of May until the end of July. Nevertheless, the presence of M. aurelia was not recorded in approximately the first third of the season (i.e., first record is from 8th of June from Sterna in Croatian Istria). Specimens of all three studied species of Melitaea were found from the lowlands (< 100 m. a.s.l.) to the subalpine zone, as high as 1600 m a. s. l., with a shortened period of occurrence at higher elevations, especially on account of the time delay at the beginning of the season. The seasonal occurrence of each of the three species is positively correlated with altitude, meaning that the higher the altitude, the later the data on the first occurrence of Melitaea. For all three species pooled together, Pearson's correlation coefficient between the altitude and the date of record (r = 0.55) is statistically significant at p < 0.001. There is no statistically significant difference (ANOVA, p > 0.05) either between the species and dates of recordings, or between the species and altitude. DISCUSSION Reliable notes on the geographic distribution of the Melitaea species for each of the three countries of the Fig. 2: Temporal and altitudinal occurrence of three Melitaea species (M. athalia, M. aurelia, M. britomartis) from the NW Balkans. Sl. 2: Sezonsko in višinsko pojavljanje odraslih živali treh vrst iz rodu Melitaea (M. athalia, M. aurelia, M. britomartis) na področju SZ Balkana. NW Balkans are scarce due to lack of genitalia-based identification. Nevertheless, the distribution area of all three Melitaea species has been shown to be scattered across the whole region. Their wide distribution area was to be expected because most of the feeding plants of the Melitaea species (Tollman & Lewington, 2008) are common and widespread in the Balkans. Some of the primary feeding plants (Jonko, 2012) are common for all three species (e.g., Plantago spp. and Veronica spp. for all the three, with an addition of Melampyrum ne-morosum for M. athalia/aurelia); secondary food plants of M. athalia (Jonko, 2012) are also Valeriana officinalis, Polygonum bistorta and Centaurea spp. M. athalia is therefore the least specialized of the Melitaea species from the NW Balkans. Nevertheless, the proportion of the other two species is somewhat higher than might be expected, and they are by no means rare or local (as suggested by some authors, e.g., Lorkovic, 2009). There is an indication, however, that in some localities M. aurelia or M. britomartis can be the dominant (or the only) species of the complex (Appendix 1). Our sampling covered the whole season of the flight period of the three species. According to Tolman & Levington (2008) the flight period for M. athalia and M. aurelia lasts during June and July, and for M. britomartis, from late May/Early June until end of July/early August. Our data correspond to the mentioned literature, however the flight period starts earlier in the NW Balkans for M. athalia and M. britomartis. Although two generations have been reported for M. britomartis in some southern localities (e.g,. the Ticino Valley in NW Italy; Tolman & Lewington, 2008), no gap between the (two) generations could be seen from our data. According to data from Slovenia (Verovnik et al., 2012), M. aurelia and M. britomartis fly in a single generation from mid-May until the end of July, with a distinctive peak in the second half of June for the latter. For M. aurelia, also a partial second generation was recorded in the Vipava Valley (Verovnik et al., 2012). Adults of M. athalia, however, appear mostly in two partially overlapping generations from late April until September, with few fresh specimens observed in September and October that probably belong to a partial third generation (Verovnik et al., 2012). Our results indicate that the altitudinal distribution of the studied species in the NW Balkans is broader than mentioned from the literature (Tolman & Lewington, 2008; Verovnik et al., 2012): M. athalia: 0-800 m a.s.l., occasionally even above 2000 m a.s.l. (Verovnik et al., 2012); M. aurelia: 100-1500 m a.s.l. (1600 m: Verovnik et al., 2012); M. britomartis: 300-900 m a.s.l. (1250 m: Verovnik et al., 2012). While the data obtained for M. athalia and M. aurelia are within the already published range, we found M. britomartis from 110 up to 1500 m a.s.l. For M. britomartis, we can report that the highest known locality from Slovenia was at an elevation of 1350 m a.s.l. (Ambrož Pod Krvavcem, Kamniško Savinjske Alpe), and the absolute highest elevation from Bosnia and Herzegovina was at an elevation of 1500 m a.s.l. (Troglav Mountain, The Dinarides). Additional notes on geographic distribution For Bosnia and Herzegovina, Lelo (2007) reports the country-wide distribution of M. athalia, except for the small area in the south-eastern Mediterranean part. According to the same author, M. aurelia inhabits the central mountainous part of the country. No data on the presence of M. britomartis exists for the country (Lelo, 2000, 2007), or for the wider area of southern part of the NW Balkans (e.g., Jakšic, 1988). Hence, our record from the Bosnian part of Troglav Mountain, Vještic Gora is the first record of this species for Bosnia and Herzegovina. This specimen was collected on dry grassland at the beginning of the hiking path toward the highest peak, Troglav. Only one specimen was observed and collected. Additionally, we would expect that M. britomartis is also present in NW Bosnia as it was observed in Croatia in the Hrvatska Kostajnica region, only a few kilometres from the Bosnian border. Thus we predict that its range in Bosnia and Herzegovina is possibly much wider. With this addition and the recent record of Proterebia afra (Koren & Trkov, 2011) the butterfly fauna of Bosnia and Herzegovina now includes 192 butterfly species. As no recent atlas about the butterflies of Croatia exists, the information on the distribution could be discerned from the atlas of the butterflies of Yugoslavia (Jakšic, 1988), and recent faunistic studies (e.g., Mihoci et al., 2007; Koren et al., 2011). According to Jakšic (1988), M. athalia is widespread in Croatia which is in line with our survey. Regarding M. aurelia, 42 records for Croatia exist (Bohatsch, 1892; Rebel, 1895; Koča, 1900; Abafi-Aigner, 1910; Grund, 1916; Gussich, 1917: Lorkovic & Mladinov, 1971; Mladinov, 1973; Cribb, 1976; Goossens-Cromphrout & Goossens-Cromphrout, 1982; Kranjčev, 1985; Hafner, 1994; Mihoci et al., 2007; Marčec, 2008; Abraham, 2008; Lorkovic, 2009; Koren & Ladavac, 2010; Koren et al., 2011) but the means of identification are not clearly stated. Regarding the presence of M. britomarits in Croatia, Jakšic (1988) mentions only one locality, in the area of Jo-sipdol near Ogulin in NW Croatia. This record was originally published by Mann (1867), and was later only cited by Abafi-Aigner et al. (1896) and Jakšic (1988). Mihoci et al. (2007) report M. britomartis from the Velebit Mountains, Švica. In this survey M. britomartis was collected from 15 different localities (Appendix 1) across Croatia. This indicates a much wider distribution than was previously known. With the addition of our data, we expand the known distribution of M. britomartis in Croatia to different regions, including Istria, Dalmatia, Zagorje, Medimurje and Slavonija. It seems that M. britomartis is missing from eastern Slavonia and south-eastern Dalma-tia, but as those areas were not sufficiently surveyed, the possibility exists that it will be recorded there. CONCLUSIONS In the case of the three studied Melitaea species, for which their variability sometimes renders them almost impossible to identify using only external morphology, investigating the genitalia morphology is an irreplaceable tool. Our survey has showed that: (1) M. athalia is widespread in the whole researched area; (2) M. aurelia is more common and widespread than was previously known, especially in Croatia, and (3) M. britomartis is widespread in the surveyed regions of Slovenia and Croatia, and was recorded also in Bosnia and Herzegovina. All three species are widely distributed from lowlands to the mountainous belt, frequently occurring also in sintopy. The proportion of M. aurelia and M. britomartis that are often treated as rare is quite high, accounting for 28.5 % and 22.7 % of total sample size, respectively. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are grateful to Ivan Jugovic (Kranj, Slovenia) for data from his collection, useful discussions with him and his help with identification. We also thank Barbara Zaksek (Volicina, Slovenia) for providing us with the literature on genitalia preparation and both referees (Rudi Verovnik, Ljubljana, and an anonymous referee) for constructive comments on the manuscript. NOVI PODATKI O RAZŠIRJENOSTI TREH PODOBNIH VRST IZ RODU MELITAEA, M. ATHALIA, M. AURELIA IN M. BRITOMARTIS (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE), NA PODROČJU SEVEROZAHODNEGA BALKANA Toni KOREN & Jure JUGOVIC Univerza na Primorskem, Znanstveno-raziskovalno središče, Inštitut za biodiverzitetne študije, SI-6310 Izola, Giordana Bruna 6 E-mail: koren.toni1@gmail.com POVZETEK V prispevku so zbrani podatki o razširjenosti treh podobnih vrst iz rodu Melitaea (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) na področju SZ Balkana. V raziskavo smo vključili podatke iz treh držav: Slovenije, Hrvaške ter Bosne in Hercegovine. V preteklih 30 letih je bilo zbranih 123 osebkov metuljev treh podobnih vrst, navadnega pisančka (M. athalia), jetičnikovega pisančka (M. aurelia) in temnega pisančka (M. britomartis). Čeprav za pomoč pri razlikovanju med temi vrstami obstajajo opisi njihove zunanje morfologije in določevalni ključi, smo ugotovili, da visoka morfološka (znotraj- in medvrstna) raznolikost ne omogoča zanesljive določitve. Genitalne preparate smo pripravili za vse živali, vključene v analizo, in jih zanesljivo določili do vrste. Ugotovili smo, da so vse tri vrste razmeroma pogoste, čeprav navadni pisanček s skoraj polovico (48,8 %) vseh analiziranih živali prevladuje. Preostali vrsti sta približno enako zastopani z 28,5 % (M. aurelia) in 22,7 % (M. britomartis). Vse tri vrste se pogosto pojavljajo sintopo, najdemo pa lahko tudi lokalitete, kjer smo zabeležili vse tri skupaj. Razširili smo znano vertikalno razširjenost za temnega pisančka v Sloveniji do višine 1350 m (Ambrož pod Krvavcem, Kamniško-Savinjske Alpe), sicer pa do višine 1500 m (Troglav, Bosna in Hercegovina). Podatek s Troglava je obenem tudi najjužnejši podatek za to vrsto na območju SZ Balkana in prva najdba za Bosno in Hercegovino. Tudi na Hrvaškem smo znano območje razširjenosti te vrste močno razširili, saj je bila do sedaj (določena na podlagi zunanje morfologije) na Hrvaškem znana le z dveh lokalitet. 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Verstrael, M. Warren, M. Wiemers & I. Wynhof (2010): European Red List of Butterflies. Publications Office of the Europaean Union, Luxembourg. Verovnik, R., F. Rebeušek & M. Jež (2012): Atlas dnevnih metuljev (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) Slovenije. Atlas of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) of Slovenia. Center za kartografijo favne in flore, Miklavž na Dravskem polju, 456 p. Appendix 1: Data on sampling localities of three Melitaea species (M. athalia, M. aurelia, M. britomartis) from the NW Balkans. Legend: SN = sample number, BIH = Bosnia and Herzegovina, CRO = Croatia, SLO = Slovenia), X, Y = GPS coordinates, M = number of males, F = number of females, Coll. = collection (TK = Toni Koren, JuI = Ivan Jugovic): data for leg. and det. the same, except for cases denoted with asterisk (*), where leg. J. Premrl. Priloga 1: Podatki o vzorčnih lokalitetah za tri vrste iz rodu Melitaea (M. athalia, M. aurelia, M. britomartis) s področja SZ Balkana. Legenda: SN = številka vzorca, BIH = Bosna in Hercegovina, CRO = Hrvaška, SLO = Slovenija, X, Y = GPS koordinate, M = število samcev, F = število samic, Coll. = zbirka (TK = Toni Koren, JuI = Ivan Jugovic): podatki za leg. in det. enaki, razen v primerih, označenih z zvezdico (*), kjer je leg. J. Premrl. SN Country Locality X Y Date Altitude (m) Habitat Syntopic occurence Gender Coll. Melitaea athalia 1 BIH Kupres, Demirovac 56831 72 4876659 11.7.1988 1250 mountain grassland 1M, 1F Jul 2 BIH Makljen, mountain pass 5709025 4861175 12.7.1988 1060 mountain grassland 1M, 0F Jul 3 BIH Šator, Medugorje 5632681 4890062 21.7.2011 1420 mountain grassland 0M, 1F TK 4 CRO Grdanjci, Samobor 5549483 5076453 10.7.2010 175 wet grassland M. britomartis 2M, 0F TK 5 CRO Ivanščica, hiking path 5586114 5118082 12.6.2011 967 dry grassland 1M, 0F TK 6 CRO Obruč, hiking path »Pod planinu« 5458566 5029635 13.6.2010 390 dry grassland 1M, 1F TK 7 CRO Papuk, toward Klinovac 5709760 5041569 21.6.2011 624 woodland edge 1M, 0F TK 8 CRO Peščenica, Velika Gorica 5591 311 5051891 15.6.2009 105 woodland edge 1M, 0F TK 9 CRO Platak, Planinarski dom 5466155 5031809 27.6.2001 1090 alpine grassland M. britomartis 2M, 0F TK 10 CRO Plitvice 5547652 4967041 10.7.1988 - wet grassland 1M, 0F Jul 11 CRO Plovanija, Istra 5393198 5035042 5.6.2011 111 dry grassland 1M, 0F TK 11 CRO Plovanija, Istra 5393198 5035042 4.6.2011 111 dry grassland 1M, 0F TK 12 CRO Skoblic Brdo, Bosiljevo 5523865 5030113 11.6.2011 215 dry grassland M. aurelia, M. britomartis 1M, 0F TK 13 CRO Šenkovec, Čakovec 5609093 5142392 30.7.2011 175 wet grassland M. britomartis 0M, 1F TK 14 CRO Vela Traba, Pazin 5411485 5012008 2.6.2008 350 dry grassland M. aurelia, M. britomartis 2M, 0F TK 14 CRO Vela Traba, Pazin 5411485 5012008 3.6.2008 350 dry grassland M. aurelia, M. britomartis 0M, 1F TK 14 CRO Vela Traba, Pazin 5411485 5012008 5.6.2008 350 dry grassland M. aurelia, M. britomartis 0M, 1F TK 14 CRO Vela Traba, Pazin 5411485 5012008 20.6.2009 350 dry grassland M. aurelia, M. britomartis 1M, 0F TK 15 CRO Velebit, Zavižan 5498251 4961973 10.7.2002 1594 alpine grassland 0M, 1F TK 16 CRO Vugrovec, Zagreb 5586762 5081473 8.6.2008 200 dry grassland M. britomartis 1M, 0F TK 16 CRO Vugrovec, Zagreb 5586762 5081473 24.5.2009 200 dry grassland M. britomartis 3M, 0F TK 16 CRO Vugrovec, Zagreb 5586762 5081473 7.6.2010 200 dry grassland M. britomartis 1M, 0F TK 16 CRO Vugrovec, Zagreb 5586762 5081473 8.6.2010 200 dry grassland M. britomartis 1M, 1F TK 17 CRO Zagreb, Savski nasip 5573958 5071307 8.6.2001 112 wet grassland 1M, 0F TK 18 CRO Zmajevac, Baranja 5797019 5081041 21.7.2011 80 dry grassland 0M, 2F TK 19 CRO Žumberak, Pilatovci 5523549 5062242 20.6.2009 490 woodland edge 1M, 0F TK 20 SLO Bobovek, Kranj 5450705 5125738 15.5.1988 400 grassland 0M, 3F Jul 21 SLO Šenčur, near airport Ljubljana 5456256 5121139 21.6.1992 380 grassland & shrubs M. aurelia 1M, 0F Jul 22 SLO Bukovnica, Bukovniško jezero 5602357 5171252 31.5.1991 190 cultivated grassland 1M, 0F Jul 23 SLO Čaven 5409270 5088045 4.7.1992 1100 dry grassland M. aurelia, M. britomartis 2M, 1F Jul 24 SLO Črna na Koroškem 5487586 5146958 6.6.2002 580 woodland edge M. aurelia 1M, 1F TK 25 SLO Grad, Goričko 5582925 5184520 10.5.1992 2 70 - 2M, 0F Jul 26 SLO Strmec, Mangart, Julijske Alpe 5393091 5142528 18.7.1992 960 mountain grassland 0M, 1F Jul 27 SLO Kobilje, Murska Sobota 5605131 51 72643 30.7.1993 190 wet grassland 0M, 1F Jul 28 SLO Pševo, Kranj 5447330 5122012 21.5.1972 500 cultivated grassland 0M, 1F Jul 28 SLO Pševo, Kranj 5447330 5122012 18.6.1984 500 cultivated grassland 1M, 1F Jul 29 SLO Slavnik 5419065 5045274 22.6.1991 830 dry grassland M. aurelia, M. britomartis 0M, 1F Jul 30 SLO Smrekovec 5455326 5084255 15.6.2002 248 - 2M, 0F TK 31 SLO Stražišče, Kranj 5447596 5120616 1.7.1984 410 - 0M, 1F Jul 32 SLO Završnica 543561 6 5142011 20.7.1984 1200 mountain grassland M. aurelia 3M, 1F Jul Melitaea aurelia 33 CRO Grabrk, Bosiljevo 5522898 5024839 11.6.2011 230 wet grassland 1M, 0F TK 34 CRO Klimen, Konščina 5590333 5106635 11.6.2010 220 wet grassland M. britomartis 1M, 0F TK 34 CRO Klimen, Konščina 5590333 5106635 20.6.2009 220 wet grassland M. britomartis 1M, 0F TK 35 CRO Lomska Duliba, Velebit 5501560 4959268 25.6.2009 1292 alpine grassland 1M, 0F TK 36 CRO Mali Komor, Zagorje 5579587 5106815 9.7.2011 255 dry grassland 0M, 1F TK 37 CRO Novi Golubovec, Zagorje 557631 7 5114684 12.6.2011 320 dry grassland 1M, 1F TK 38 CRO Orišje, Bosiljevo 5522896 5029172 12.6.2011 215 dry grassland M. britomartis 1M, 0F TK 12 CRO Skoblic Brdo, Bosiljevo 5523865 5030113 11.6.2011 215 dry grassland M. athalia, M. britomartis 1M, 0F TK 39 CRO Šterna, Istra 5404566 5030623 8.6.2011 293 dry grassland 1M, 0F TK 40 CRO Varoš, Bosiljevo 5522522 5029364 11.6.2011 206 dry grassland 1M, 0F TK 14 CRO Vela Traba, Pazin 5411485 5012008 20.6.2009 350 woodland edge M. athalia, M. britomartis 1M, 0F TK 41 CRO Zrmanja Vrelo, Gračac 5513001 4895146 2.7.2010 290 - M. britomartis 0M, 1F TK 21 SLO Šenčur, near airport Ljubljana 5456256 5121139 21.6.1992 380 grassland & shrubs M. athalia 0M, 1F Jul 23 SLO Čaven 5409270 5088045 4.7.1992 1100 dry grassland M. athalia, M. britomartis 1M, 0F Jul 24 SLO Črna na Koroškem 5487586 5146958 15.6.2002 580 dry grassland M. athalia 1M, 0F TK 42 SLO Črni kal 5412693 5045611 26.5.1975 - dry grassland 1M, 0F Jul* 43 SLO Dom v Dragi, Draga, Begunje 5439927 5138585 4.7.1993 800 grassland 0M, 1F Jul 44 SLO Javornik, Kranj 5445746 5121595 19.6.1994 640 cultivated grassland 1M, 0F Jul 45 SLO Ambrož, Krvavec, Kamniške Alpe 5463371 5126537 20.6.1992 1350 grassland & shrubs M. britomartis 1M, 0F Jul 46 SLO Sv. Jošt, Kranj 5446049 5122185 3.7.1995 780 grassland 1M, 0F Jul 29 SLO Slavnik 5419065 50452 74 22.6.1991 830 dry grassland M. athalia, M. britomartis 2M, 0F Jul 47 SLO Vremščica 5426322 5060845 27.7.1995 920 dry grassland 1M, 0F Jul 48 SLO Zadvor, Ljubljana 5468719 5099919 11.6.2011 280 woodland edge M. britomartis 1M, 0F TK 32 SLO Završnica 543561 6 5142011 20.7.1984 1200 alpine grassland M. athalia 9M, 1F Jul Melitaea britomartis 49 BIH Troglav, Vještic Gora 5629438 4865960 27.7.2011 1500 alpine grassland 1M, 0F TK 4 CRO Grdanjci, Samobor 5549483 5076453 13.6.2011 175 wet grassland M. athalia 1M, 0F TK 50 CRO Hrvatska Kostajnica 5618449 5009397 19.6.2011 110 dry grassland 1M, 0F TK 51 CRO Jovac, Hrvatska Kostajnica 5616039 5004984 18.6.2011 235 wet grassland 1M, 0F TK 34 CRO Klimen, Konščina 5590333 5106635 11.6.2011 220 wet grassland M. aurelia 1M, 0F TK 38 CRO Orišje, Bosiljevo 5522896 50291 72 12.6.2011 215 dry grassland M. aurelia 1M, 0F TK 52 CRO Pažurovec, Zagorje 5591436 5110791 9.7.2011 220 dry grassland 0M, 1F TK 9 CRO Platak, Planinarski dom 5466155 5031809 15.6.2002 1090 mountain grassland M. athalia 1M, 0F TK 9 CRO Platak, Planinarski dom 5466155 5031809 27.6.2002 1090 mountain grassland M. athalia 1M, 0F TK 53 CRO Podrute, Novi Marof 5596886 5113393 10.7.2011 280 woodland edge 1M, 0F TK 54 CRO Radoboj, Malogorski 5571673 5114812 12.6.2011 245 dry grassland 1M, 0F TK 55 CRO Rupa, Rijeka 5443502 5038328 7.6.1982 500 dry grassland 1M, 0F Jul* 12 CRO Skoblic Brdo, Bosiljevo 5523865 5030113 11.6.2011 215 dry grassland M. athalia, M. aurelia 2M, 0F TK 13 CRO Šenkovec, Čakovec 5609093 5142392 30.7.2011 175 wet grassland M. athalia 1M, 0F TK 14 CRO Vela Traba, Pazin 5411485 5012008 8.6.2008 350 dry grassland M. athalia, M. aurelia 1M, 0F TK 16 CRO Vugrovec, Zagreb 5586762 5081473 24.5.2010 200 dry grassland M. athalia 1M, 0F TK 41 CRO Zrmanja Vrelo, Gračac 5585027 4895475 2.7.2010 290 wet grassland M. aurelia 1M, 0F TK 23 SLO Čaven 5409270 5088045 19.6.1978 800 dry grassland M. athalia, M. aurelia 1M, 0F Jul* 23 SLO Čaven 5409270 5088045 28.6.1982 600 dry grassland M. athalia, M. aurelia 0M, 1F Jul* 45 SLO Ambrož, Krvavec, Kamniške Alpe 5463371 5126537 20.6.1992 1350 grassland & shrubs M. aurelia 0M, 1F Jul 29 SLO Slavnik 5419065 50452 74 22.6.1991 830 dry grassland M. athalia, M. aurelia 3M, 1F Jul 29 SLO Slavnik 5419065 50452 74 16.6.1969 800 dry grassland M. athalia, M. aurelia 1M, 0F Jul* 56 SLO Veščica, Ormož 5597409 5153326 10.5.1992 190 wet grassland 1M, 0F Jul 48 SLO Zadvor, Ljubljana 5468719 5099919 11.6.2011 280 woodland edge M. aurelia 1M, 0F TK