LJUBLJANA, JUNIJ 2013
Vol. 21, št. 1: 65-76
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF AQUATIC HET-EROPTERA IN SAR PLANINA MTS. AND PESTER PLATEAU (SERBIA)
Natural History Museum, Belgrade, Serbia e-mail: ljilja.protic@gmail.com 2University in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Serbia
e-mail: nebo.zivic@gmail.com
Abstract - New data on 10 species of aquatic Heteroptera in glacial lakes of the Sar Planina Mts. and Pester Plateau are presented. Three species new to Serbian fauna are recorded: Callicorixa praeusta praeusta (Fieber, 1848) from Pester and the vicinity of Belgrade, Hesperocorixaparallela (Fieber, 1860) (Corixidae) and Notonecta mac-ulata Fabricius, 1794 (Notonectidae) from Sar Planina Mts. and Pester.
Key words: Heteroptera, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, fauna, Serbia
Izvleček - PRISPEVEK K POZNAVANJU VODNIH STENIC SAR PLANINE IN PLANOTE PESTER (SRBIJA)
Predstavljeni so novi podatki o 10 vrstah vodnih stenic (Heteroptera) v ledeniskih jezerih Sar planine in planote Pester. Zabeležene so tri nove vrste za srbsko favno: Callicorixa praeusta praeusta (Fieber, 1848) s Pestra in iz okolice Beograda ter Hesperocorixa parallela (Fieber, 1860) (Corixidae) in Notonecta maculata Fabricius, 1794 (Notonectidae) s Sar planine in Pestra.
Ključne besede: Heteroptera, Nepomorpha, Gerromorpha, favna, Srbija
The fauna of aquatic Heteroptera of Serbia was treated in several articles (Kment 2006; Protic, Živic 2007; Živic et al., 2007; Protic 2011). The zoological and hydro-logical studies, including collection of aquatic specimens of Heteroptera, were per-
Ljiljana Protič1 and Nebojsa Živič2
Introduction
formed in various parts of Serbia (Strahinic 2000; Seat 2011; Živic 2005; Živic et al. 2001, 2002, 2004, 2006). Ecological and taxonomic studies of invertebrate benthic macrofauna in water ecosystems of the southwestern part of the Republic of Serbia were performed in the period 1996-2010 (Živic et al. 1996, 2010). Among the macroinvertebrate groups collected there, aquatic Heteroptera are represented.
Particularly interesting Heteroptera communities are found in isolated aquatic ecosystems, lakes and springs at higher altitudes. This paper presents the list of Heteroptera distributed in the glacial lakes of Sar Planina and springs of the Pester Plateau.
Material and methods
Studies at Sar Planina were performed in the period September 1st 1996 - September 5th 1996, including research of glacial lakes, peat bogs and ponds. In addition to other groups of macrozoobenthos, aquatic Heteroptera were collected in five glacial lakes. The geological substrate of undulating high plain of Sar Planina, where the studied lakes are situated at the altitude of 2000-2100 m (occasionally up to 2400 m above sea level), is composed of glacial deposits - moraines (Cukic 1983), while the pedologic substrate of the terrain is typical ranker on schist (Pavicevic et al. 1974). The sapro-biological index for the studied lakes was calculated according to the algological studies (Urosevic 1997a, 1997b, 1997c, 1997d). The substrate of the studied lakes of Mt. Sar-planina was overgrown with thick macrophytic vegetation. It turns certain parts of lakes into real peat bogs, which are different from the similar peat bogs of Northern and Central Europe and Central Balkans. The representation of species of Arcto-Alpine range type indicates the glacial origin of the lakes with peat domination. Peat vegetation is characterized by strong acidic reaction, which was also recorded in lakes of Sar Planina (Randjelovic et al. 1997).
Sar Planina: Donje Tupankaminsko Jezero is situated at the altitude of 1560 m above sea level (41o54'36'' N, 20o43'27'' E). The lake is about 1 m deep, 20.5 m long and 20.7 m wide. The perimeter of the lake is approximately 29 m. It belongs to so-lifluction type of lakes. Water temperature was 13.60 C, while saprobic level was 1.66, representing the oligo-beta meso-saprobe range.
Sar Planina: Mala Vraca (Donje Veljinbesko Jezero) is situated toward northeast, at the foothills of massif Mala Vraca (41o33'41'' N, 20o44'00'' E). This lake is about 11 m long and 7 m wide. Water depth is 30-50 cm. The substrate of the lake is mostly mud, partially overgrown in peat vegetation. Saprobic index was 1.59.
Sar Planina: Gornje Veljinbesko Jezero is situated on the plateau Veljin Beg, at the altitude of 2085 m above sea level (41o53'26'' N, 20o43 '25'' E). This lake has no tributaries and is fed by snow thawing. Peat deposits are present in certain parts. The banks of the lake are overgrown with moss and sedge, while the lake is surrounded by meadow associations formed by species Nardus stricta. The water temperature as 9.30 C while the saprobic index was 1.42 (oligo-beta mesosaprobe range of water quality) and pH was 3.5.
Fig. 1: Pester Plateau: Spring Bracak. Fig. 2: Pester Plateau: Spring Dobra Foto: N. Živic	Voda. Foto: N. Živic
Sar Planina: Gornje Defsko Jezero is situated at the altitude of 2100 m above sea level (41o52'49'' N, 20o43'04'' E). It is almost circular in shape, 100 m long, 80 m wide and 50 cm deep. The bottom was mud-based, overgrown in sphagnum mosses. Water temperature was 12 C°.
Sar Planina: Srednje Defsko Jezero is situated at the altitude of 2080 m above sea level (41o53'16'' N, 20o43'21'' E). This lake is 120 m long, 60 m wide and about 50 cm deep. The substrate is composed of mud and sphagnum moss. Water temperature was 12.3 C0 while the saprobic index was 1.37.
Studies on macroinvertebrate fauna in springs at Pester Plateau were performed from July 5th to July 10th 2010, including 24 springs situated toward northwest from town of Tutin, at the altitude of about 1200 m above sea level.
Spring: Bracak (Fig. 1), situated close to the village with the same name. The width of the spring is about 60 cm, depth about 20 cm, and water is slightly cloudy. The substrate of the spring is mud-based, with no submerged vegetation. The dominant plant species around the spring belong to the family of grasses.
Spring: Dobra Voda (Fig. 2), situated close to the village Naboje. The width of the spring is 50 cm and water depth is 15 cm. The bottom of the spring is covered in sand, and water is clear, cool and transparent. This spring is surrounded with beech and conifer forest.
Spring: Donje Djerekarsko Vrelo (Fig. 3), situated close to village Djerekare at the foothills of mountain peak Strasijevac. The width of the spring is 1.7 m while water depth is 40 cm. The spring erupts from within a rocky cliff. The bottom of the spring is rock-based. Water is clear and cool.
Spring: Djerekarsko Vrelo (Fig. 4), situated above the village Djerekare at the foothills of Mt. Krstaca. The spring comes out of the cave rearranged in the capture area of Pester water industry. The bottom is covered in stone and gravel. Water is fast-flowing and clear.
Fig. 3: Pester Plateau: Spring Donje Fig. 4: Pester Plateau: Spring Djerekarsko Vrelo. Foto: N. Živic	Djerekarsko Vrelo. Foto: N. Živic
Spring: Kamenjaca (Fig. 5), situated in the village Suvi Do, at the foothills of Jagod-nje Brdo. The width of the spring is about 2 m and water depth is about 65 cm. The bottom of the spring is mud-based and water is slightly cloudy. There is an abundance of green algae at the surface of the water. The spring is encircled by massive limestone rocks surrounded by meadows on peat-rich soil.
The collected specimens are deposited in the Natural History Museum in Belgrade, preserved in 80 percent ethyl alcohol. The first author identified the specimens using the keys by Stichel (1955-1956), Jansson (1986), Savage (1989, 1990), Savage, Swift (1997).
Fig. 5: Pester Plateau: Spring Kamenjaca. Foto: N. Živic
Results
Nepidae Latreille, 1802
Nepa cinerea Linnaeus, 1758
Sar Planina Mts.: Donje Tupankaminsko jezero 1560m 02.09.1996. 3m leg. N. Živic;
Pester: Spring Dobra Voda - 09.07.2010. 2 larvae, leg. N. Živic.
Distribution in Serbia: Divac (1907), Kormilev (1936), Csiki (1940), Protic (1987, 1990), Protic, Živic (2007), Seat (2011).
In the neighboring countries it was recorded in Albania (Josifov 1986), Bosnia and Herzegovina (Apfelbeck 1891), Bulgaria (Josifov 1986), Croatia (Merdic et al. 2005, Protic 1998), Greece (Josifov 1986), Hungary (Boda, Soos 2010), Macedonia (Grupce 1961, Wagner 1962, Protic 1998), Montenegro (Schumacher 1914), Romania (Ilie, Ban-Calefariu 2010, Berchi et al. 2011) and Slovenia (Gogala 2003).
Corixidae Leach, 1815
Callicorixa praeusta praeusta (Fieber, 1848)
Pester: Spring Bracak - 08.07.2010. 1m leg. N. Živic.
The Study Collection at the Natural History Museum in Belgrade includes a previously unpublished record from the vicinity of Belgrade: Veliko Selo, 08.07.2006, 3f leg. Aleksandar Stojanovic.
In the neighboring countries it was recorded in Bulgaria (Josifov 1986), Hungary (Boda, Soos 2010), Macedonia (Grupce 1961, Wagner 1962) and Romania (Ilie, Ban-Calefariu 2010).
Hesperocorixa linnaei (Fieber, 1848)
Sar Planina Mts.: Mala Vraca (Donje Veljinbesko Jezero) 03.09.1996. 4m leg. N. Živic.
The only previous record from Serbia was from Kovin (Protic 2011).
In the neighboring countries it was recorded in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Grupce 1961), Bulgaria (Josifov 1986), Croatia (Kment, Beran 2011), Greece (Josifov 1986), Hungary (Boda, Soos 2010), Macedonia (Grupce 1961, Protic 1990), Montenegro (Horvath 1918) and Romania (Ilie, Ban-Calefariu 2010).
Hesperocorixa parallela (Fieber, 1860)
Sar Planina Mts.: Gornje Veljinbesko jezero (lake) 02.09.1996. 1m, 2f leg. N. Živic.
Pester: Spring Dobra Voda - 09.07.2010. 1f, Spring Djerekarsko Vrelo 09.07.2010. 1f, Spring Kamenjaca - 09.07.2010. 1f leg. N. Živic.
New species for Serbian fauna.
In the neighboring countries it was recorded in Albania (Josifov 1986), Bosnia and Herzegovina (Apfelbeck 1891), Bulgaria (Josifov 1986), Croatia (Merdic et al. 2005, Protic 1998), Greece (Josifov 1986), Macedonia (Protic 1998), Romania and Slovenia (Jansson 1995).
Sigara (Pseudovermicorixa) nigrolineata (Fieber, 1848)
Pester: Spring Kamenjaca - 09.07.2010. 1f leg. N. Živic.
The Study Collection at the Natural History Museum in Belgrade includes a previously unpublished record from the vicinity of Belgrade: Mala Mostanica: Žuto Brdo, 14.04.2007, 1f leg. Aleksandar Stojanovic.
The only previous record from Serbia was from the valley of Pcinja river (Seat 2011).
In the neighboring countries it was recorded in Albania (Josifov 1986), Bosnia and Herzegovina (Protic 1998), Bulgaria (Josifov 1986), Croatia (Protic 1998, Merdic et al. 2005), Hungary (Boda, Soos 2010), Macedonia (Protic 1998), Romania (Ilie, Ban-Calefariu 2010) and Slovenia (Gogala 2003).
Sigara (Vermicorixa) lateralis (Leach, 1818)
Pester: Spring Donje Djerekarsko Vrelo - 09.07.2010. 10m 12f leg. N. Živic.
The Study Collection at the Natural History Museum in Belgrade includes a previously unpublished record from the vicinity of Belgrade: Mala Mostanica: Žuto Brdo, 14.04.2007, 1f, leg. Aleksandar Stojanovic.
Distribution in Serbia: Divac (1907), Kormilev (1936), Živojinovic (1950), Protic (1990), Seat (2011).
In the neighboring countries it was recorded in Albania (Josifov 1986), Bosnia and Herzegovina (Jaczewski 1934, Protic 1998), Bulgaria (Josifov 1986), Croatia (Protic 1998), Greece (Josifov 1986), Hungary (Soos et al. 2009), Macedonia (Protic 1998), Romania (Ilie, Ban-Calefariu 2010) and Slovenia (Gogala 2003).
Notonectidae Latreille, 1802
Notonecta glauca Linnaeus, 1758
Sar Planina Mts.: Donje Tupankaminsko jezero 1560 m, 02.09.1996, 4 m, 9 f, leg. N. Živic; Sar Planina Mts.: Gornje Veljinbesko jezero 02.09.1996. 1m, 1f leg. N. Živic; Sar Planina Mts.: Srednje Defsko jezero 2080 m, 03.09.1996, 2 m 7 f, leg. N. Živic; Sar Planina Mts.: Malo Vrac jezero, 03.09.1996, 2 m 7 f, leg. N. Živic.
Distribution in Serbia: Horvath (1903), Divac (1907), Kormilev (1936), Živojinovic (1950), Protic (1990), Protic, Živic (2007).
In the neighboring countries it was recorded in Albania (Josifov 1986), Bosnia and Herzegovina (Apfelbeck 1891), Bulgaria (Josifov 1986), Croatia (Merdic et al. 2005, Protic 1998), Greece (Josifov 1986), Hungary (Boda, Soos 2010), Macedonia (Horvath 1918, Wagner 1962, Göllner-Scheiding 1978, Protic 1998), Montenegro (Schumacher 1914), Romania (Ilie, Ban-Calefariu 2010, Berchi et al. 2011) and Slovenia (Gogala 2003).
Notonecta maculata Fabricius, 1794
Sar Planina Mts.: Donje Tupankaminsko jezero 1560m 02.09.1996, 1m 1f, leg. N. Živic; Gornje Veljinbesko jezero 02.09.1996, 1f, leg. N. Živic.
Pester: Spring Bracak - 08.07.2010. 2 m, leg. N. Živic; Spring: Djerekarsko Vrelo 09.07.2010, 1 m 1 f, leg. N. Živic; Spring: Kamenjaca 09.07.2010, 1 f, leg. N. Živic.
New species for Serbian fauna.
In the neighboring countries it was recorded in Albania (Josifov 1986), Bosnia and Herzegovina (Polhemus et al. 1995), Bulgaria (Josifov 1986), Croatia (Novak, Wagner 1951, Protic 1998, Merdic et al. 2005), Greece (Josifov 1986), Hungary (Soos et al. 2009, Boda, Soos 2010), Macedonia (Kormilev 1938, Grupce 1961, Wagner 1962, Göllner-Scheiding 1978), and Slovenia (Gogala 2003).
Gerridae Leach, 1815
Gerris (Gerris) odontogaster (Zetterstadt, 1828)
Sar Planina Mts.: Donje Tupankaminsko jezero, 1560 m, 02.09.1996, 1 m, leg. N. Živic.
Distribution in Serbia: The Collection of Heteroptera by Nikola Kormilev includes several specimens from Serbia (Protic 1990).
In the neighboring countries it was recorded in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Apfelbeck 1891), Bulgaria (Josifov 1986), Croatia (Strpic 1997, Merdic et al. 2005), Hungary (Boda, Soos 2010), Macedonia (Grupce 1961, Wagner 1962, Protic 1998), Montenegro (Schumacher 1914) and Romania (Ilie, Ban-Calefariu 2010, Berchi et al. 2011).
Gerris (Gerriselloides) asper (Fieber, 1860)
Sar Planina Mts.: Gornje Defsko jezero, 2100 m, 1m, leg. N. Živic.
Distribution in Serbia: The only previous record from Serbia was from Prokuplje (Protic 1990).
In the neighboring countries it was recorded in Bosnia and Herzegovina (Apfelbeck 1891), Bulgaria (Josifov 1986), Croatia (Horvath 1897, Strpic 1997), Hungary (Boda, Soos 2010), Macedonia (Wagner 1962) and Romania (Ilie, Ban-Calefariu 2010).
Table 1: Distribution of aquatic Heteroptera species recorded at Sar Planina and Pester Mts. in neighboring countries: AL - Albania, BH - Bosnia and Herzegovina, BU - Bulgaria, CR - Croatia, GR - Greece, HU - Hungary, MC - Macedonia, MN - Montenegro, RO - Romania, SL - Slovenia, RS - Serbia. • recorded species, ° not recorded, asterisk * - new record for Serbia.
Species	AL	BH	BU	CR	GR	HU	MC	MN	RO	SL	RS
Nepa cinerea Linnaeus											
Callicorixa praeusta praeusta (Fieber) *	•	°		•	°			°		°	
Hesperocorixa linnaei (Fieber)	°	•			•			•		°	
Hesperocorixa parallela (Fieber)*		•			•			•		•	
Sigara (Pseudovermicorixa) nigrolineata (Fieber)		•			•			•		•	
Sigara (Vermicorixa) lateralis (Leach) Notonecta glauca Linnaeus		•			•			•		•	
Notonecta maculata Fabricius*		•			•			°		•	
Gerris (Gerriselloides) asper Fieber	•	•			•			•		°	
Gerris (Gerris) odontogaster (Zetterstadt)	•	•			•			•		°	
	6	8	10	9	6	9	10	4	8	5	10
Discussion and conclusions
This paper presents records of 10 species of aquatic Heteroptera collected in Sar Planina and Pester during the complex studies of Invertebrata at these localities. The identified species belong to the families: Nepidae (1: Nepa cinerea); Corixidae (5: Calli-corixa praeusta praeusta, Hesperocorixa linnaei, Hesperocorixa parallela, Sigara (Pseudovermicorixa) nigrolineata, Sigara (Vermicorixa) lateralis); Notonectidae (2: No-tonecta glauca, Notonecta maculata); Gerridae (2: Gerris asper, Gerris odontogaster).
Callicorixapraeusta praeusta (Fieber), Hesperocorixa parallela (Fieber) and Notonecta maculata Fabricius are new species for Serbian fauna.
Out of the small number of species recorded in Sar Planina (7) and Pester (6), three are common for both areas: Nepa cinerea, Hesperocorixa parallela and Notonecta ma-culata. Species Hesperocorixa linnaei, Notonecta glauca, Gerris asper and Gerris odontogaster were recorded only in Sar Planina, while following species were recorded only in the Pester Plateau: Callicorixa praeusta praeusta, Sigara (Pseudovermicorixa) nigrolineata and Sigara (Vermicorixa) lateralis.
Data for three species: Callicorixa praeusta praeusta, Sigara (Pseudovermicorixa) nigrolineata and Sigara (Vermicorixa) lateralis, deposited in the Study Collection of Heteroptera at the Natural History Museum, are published in this paper for the first time. All these specimens were collected in 2006 and 2007 in the vicinity of Belgrade by Aleksandar Stojanovic, and were also recorded in Pester.
Table 1 presents the distribution of aquatic Heteroptera in certain neighboring countries. Only two species (Nepa cinerea and Notonecta glauca) are present in all countries of the region. The smallest number of species was recorded in Montenegro due to the smallest number of studies except for the Durmitor Mt. massif (Protic et al. 1990).
Sar Planina is situated on the Serbian-Macedonian border. The specimens studied were collected in the Serbian territory. There are some literature data from previous explorers who have collected material in Macedonia, and they are also citing data from Sar Planina. Horvath (1918) cites following species for this mountain: Sigara (Vermicorixa) lateralis, Velia rivulorum (Fabricius, 1775); Grupce (1961), Arctocorisa car-inata (C. Sahlberg, 1819) while Wagner (1962) cites: Arctocorisa carinata, Notonecta glauca, Notonecta obliqua obliqua Thunberg, 1787 and Gerris costae costae (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1850).
This paper represents a contribution to the knowledge of aquatic Heteroptera in Serbia. Each new locality is important for determination of the present range of each species. Due to the altitude and geological history of studied localities it may be assumed that further systematic studies would lead to discovery of many other interesting species.
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Received/Prejeto: 23. 10. 2012