REFERENCE
ATRIUM - Architecture of Totalitarian Regimes of the 20th century in Urban Management http://www.atrium-see.eu/ <september 2014>.
IFKO, Sonja, JUVANČIČ, Matevž, ZUPANČIČ-STROJAN, Tadeja. Slovenian post-war modemist architectural heritage as a tourist product = Architektonicke dedičstvo povojnoveho modernizmu v Slovinsku ako turisticky produkt. Architektura & urbanizmus, ISSN 0044-8680, 2013, vol. 47, no. 3/4, str. 183-199, ilustr.
ZUPANČIČ-STROJAN, Tadeja (urednik), IFKO, Sonja (urednik), FIKFAK, Alenka (urednik), JUVANČIČ, Matevž (urednik), VEROVŠEK, Špela (urednik). Manual of wise management, preservation, reuse and economic valorisation of architecture of totalitarian regimes of the 20th century. Forli: Municipality; Ljubljana: Faculty of Architecture, 2013. 208 str., ilustr. ISBN 978961-6823-32-6.
ZUPANČIČ-STROJAN, Tadeja. European cultural route as a new opportunity for the modernist cultural heritage. A&S Architecture & science, ISSN 2303-5404, 2014, vol. 1, no. 1, str. 67-78, ilustr.
Slika 1: V mesto vtkane modernistične sledi 'revolucije' v Ljubljani (E. Ravnikar s sodelavci, 1960-1984, foto: T.Z.)
Figure 1: Modernist traces of'revolution' in Ljubljana, interwoven with the city and its life (E. Ravnikar with collaborators, 1960-1984, photo: T.Z.)
Alenka Fikfak RAZISKOVANJE POSELITVENIH VZORCEV IN MREŽENJE' V PROSTORU
POVZETEK
Številne študije o stanju in trendih prostorskega razvoja nudijo podporo razvoju politik v smeri uresničevanja ciljev teritorialne kohezije in skladnega razvoja ozemlja Evrope. Po drugi strani pa se v prostoru srečujemo z vprašanji vpliva globalizacije, socialnih in demografskih sprememb, ki nenadzorovano spreminjajo želje in potrebe prebivalcev in obiskovalcev. Zato je tudi v raziskovanju vse večji poudarek na oblikovanju scenarijev prostočasnih dejavnosti, rekreacije in turizma ter možnostih prilagajanja teh programov vse bolj spreminjajočemu povpraševanju. Vedno bolj se opušča tradicionalna organizacija poselitvene strukture na podeželju, ki se prilagaja sodobnemu načinu življenja, drugačnim poselitvenim strukturam, družbenim in demografskim spremembam [Mrak et al., 2013]. Prostorski posegi so vse bolj usmerjeni v trajnostno naravnane, bolj etične in odgovorne koncepte, ki ne vključujejo samo vprašanja varovanja okolja, ampak tudi kulturne, ekonomske in politične vidike trajnosti.
Raziskovanje in razumevanje raznolikosti poselitvenih vzorcev (slika 2) za nadaljnji razvoj, s poudarkom na trajnosti razvoja, je proces, ki se ne osredotoča samo na gospodarski razvoj, temveč vključuje uravnotežen ekološki in družbeno-socialni razvoj. Izpostavljena je misel, da sodobna družba gradi na občutku za skupnost in skupne dolžnosti, torej socialni kapital kot 'življenjskost' družbe danes. Pri zagotavljanju socialne vzdržnosti (več zaupanja in sodelovanja, manj neenakosti) ne gre le za zagotavljanje, da se ohranja sedanja oblika, temveč se zagotavlja stalno izboljšanje tudi z gradnjo novih oblik skupnosti. Le ob zavedanju vsestranskih vplivov med človekom, tehnologijo, grajenim okoljem in naravnimi potenciali, z dobrim poznavanjem vseh dejavnikov in aktivnim delovanjem, je mogoče graditi kakovostno bivalno okolje ter obenem upoštevati načela trajnostnega razvoja [Čok et al., 2013]. Zato iskanje
SUMMARY
Policy development towards the realization of the objectives of territorial cohesion and coherent development of the European territory is supported by many studies exploring the situation and trends of spatial development. On the other hand, we are confronted with the impacts of globalisation, social, and demographic changes that uncontrollably affect the desires and needs of inhabitants and visitors. Hence, research, too, should devote more attention to scenario building related to leisure activities, recreation and tourism, and the possibility of adapting these programmes to the increasingly changing demands. The traditional settlement structure organisation in rural areas is increasingly being abandoned; it is adapting to the contemporary way of live, different settlement structures, social and demographic changes [Mrak et al., 2013]. Spatial interventions are increasingly focused on sustainable and ethical concepts, and concepts of accountability that address not only environmental protection, but also cultural, economic and political aspects of sustainability.
Research and understanding of the diversity of settlement patterns (figure 2) forfurther development, with an emphasis on sustainable development, is a process that focuses not only on economic development, but it also includes balanced ecological and social development. Notably, the modern society builds on the sense of community and collective duty, i.e. social capital as the 'vitality' of the society today. Ensuring social sustainability (more trust and participation, less inequality) is thus not only a matter of ensuring that the current situation is preserved, but to continuously provide improvements, also by building new types of community. It is only by acknowledging the different interactions between man, technology, the built environment and natural potentials, with good knowledge of all factors and action, that we can build a good quality living environment, and consider the principles of sustainable development at the same time [Čok et al., 2013].
koncepta stavbe zahteva celovito obravnavo sistema stavbe, njenih interakcij z okoljem in uporabnikom. Glede na velik delež in kakovost obstoječega stavbnega fonda mora koncept stavbe naslavljati novogradnje in obstoječe stavbe oziroma njihove prenove. Potreba po razvoju koncepta stavbe izhaja tudi iz nujnosti prilaganja na podnebne spremembe in spremljajoče pojave ter probleme, povezane z njimi.
UPORABNOST REZULTATOV
Ob raziskovanju sodobnih prostorskih konceptov smo ugotavljali, da je na ravni načrtovanja širšega prostora možna vzpostavitev sistemov 'mreženja', ki ne slonijo več na klasični morfologiji in tipologiji vzorcev. Kot aplikativni primer navajamo idejo o nujni nadgradnji obstoječega sistema gorske arhitekture in vzpostavitvi povezanosti med posameznimi točkami poselitvenih vzorcev z umestitvijo centralne enote [Čerpes et al., 2014].
KLJUČNE BESEDE
prostočasne dejavnosti, poselitveni vzorec, trajnostni razvoj, bivalno okolje, stavba
In order to find a rethink the concept of the building we should first comprehensively examine the system of the building, and its interactions with the environment and users. With regard to the high proportion and quality of the existing building stock, the concept of the building must address both new buildings and the existing ones, or their renovations. The need to develop the concept of the building emerges from the necessity to adapt to climate change and associated phenomena, and the problems related to these changes.
ISSUES AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE
While researching contemporary spatial concepts we found that in the context of broader spatial planning, it is possible to set up 'networking' systems that are no longer based on conventional morphology and pattern typology. An example of application is the idea about the necessary upgrade of the existing system of alpine architecture, thus providing connectivity between the individual points of settlement patterns, along with introducing a central unit in the system [Čerpes et al., 2014].
KEY WORDS
leisure activities, settlement pattern, sustainable development, living environment, building
REFERENCE
ČERPES, I., PANDOL, N., FIKFAK, A. (2014): Upgrading the network of high mountain shelter as a method of restoring of demographically endangered settlements in the Slovenian Alps. V: European Countryside, 6, 3, 225-242.
ČOK, G., FIKFAK, A. (2013): TIGR, trajnostno in inovativno gradbeništvo: razvoj koncepta stavbe = TIGR, sustainable and innovative civil engineering: the development of the building concept. V: Igra ustvarjalnosti, 1, 108-109.
GABRIJELČIČ, P., FIKFAK, A., GROM, J. P., KUGLER, N., LUŽAR, N., NEMEC, P. SOBOL TURINA, D., LEPŠINA, A. (2014): Raziskovanje poselitvenih vzorcev. Seminarsko-raziskovalna naloga. Fakulteta za arhitekturo, Ljubljana.
MRAK, G., ZAVODNIK LAMOVŠEK, A., FIKFAK, A. (2013): Sustainable spatial development in the countryside: settlement patterns in the Slovenian Alps = Trajnostni prostorski razvoj podeželja: poselitveni vzorci v slovenskih Alpah. V: AR, 1, 10-21.
Slika 2 a, b: Vključevanje novega poselitvenega vzorca v obstoječo strukturo
Slika 2 c, d: Novi poselitveni vzorci, ki vključujejo sodobne motive prostočasnih in drugih dejavnosti.
Slika 2 e,f: Prepletanje različnih vzorcev, ki ustvarijo 'navidezni' kaos.
Slika 2: Raziskovanje poselitvenih vzorcev [Gabrijelčič et al., 2014].
Figure 2: Figure 2: Research in settlement patterns [Gabrijelčič et al., 2014].