Let Not The Light Of Freedom Be Extinguished!
Serving ,1 Ohiii rin'! nationwide over 150 0 00 Amo'ican Slovenians
Vol. 98 - No. 5
(USPS 024100)
M HOME
OMOVINA1
SLOVENIAN MORNING NEWSPAPER
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
ISSN Number 0164-68X
60C
Why Was Archbishop Sustar Not Awarded Honorary Degree?
VLAD RUS HONORED: Ohio Governor and Mrs. Voinovich (left) congratulate Vladimir Rus, honored by the American Nationalities Movement during their annual holiday luncheon on Dec. 16, 1995 at the Hofbrau Haus in Cleveland.
Gov. Voinovich Salutes Honorees of American Nationalities group
On Saturday, Dec. 16, the Governor and Mrs. George V. Voinovich joined other nationality community leaders during a luncheon at the Hofbrau Haus in Cleveland to recognize the 1995 Honorees of the American Nationalities Movement. The Governor Presented each honoree with a Certificate of Recognition affixed with the official Seal °f the State of Ohio and the
Governor’s signature.
The American Nationalities Movement, with Governor Voinovich as the Honorary Chairman and former Mayor of Cleveland, Ralph J. Perk, as President, acknowledged the efforts of eight individuals from among its membership, which represents over 50 nationality groups.^
(Continued on page 4)
by IVAN LAVRIH Translated by:
Bogomir M. Kuhar, PharmD
The following is translated from the Slovenian section of the 21 Dec. 1995 Ameriška Domovina regarding a brouhaha in Slovenia recently over the seemingly public snub of Metropolitan-Archbishop Dr. Alojzij Sustar of Ljubljana by the Ljubljana University. The author attempts to show that such an “honor” is not one the archbishop would necessarily desire, given the company he’d keep in such a “fraternity. ”
WICHITA, Kansas — Oh, what excitement just concluded in the Slovenian and the international public arena, where the university senate of the Ljubljana University did not confer an honorary doctorate to the Ljubljana archbishop and Slovenian metropolitan Dr. Alojzij Sustar! Regardless that the only required qualifications for recommendations for fhis honorary title were achieved.
They “booted” the bishop and said that just because he’s a distinguished person doesn’t earn it for him because he is a “political personality.” Of course, they didn’t explain what that means.
I just say this: Thanks be to God that he didn’t get this honor. (Of course, “thanks be to God” doesn’t mean much to the university senate and rector Dr. Alojzij Kralj.) Why do I say this? Do the local and international public even know who these people are who previously received this distinguished award from the Slovenian university?
The first was Josip Broz Tito, who competes with Hitler and Stalin as the largest murderer of his own political enemies. Tito’s communism accounted for 1.5 million innocent victims in Jugoslavija,
15,000	of them in Slovenija.
How would the archbishop feel in such company?
The second one to receive this honor was Edvard Kardelj, the same Kardelj who
gave the order that it is necessary to kill all the kulaks (“richer” peasant farmers) and priests, and who by all rights vies for the distinction of being the biggest all-time criminal of the Slovenian nation.
How would the archbishop feel in this company?
The third to receive this honor was Vida Tomsic. She received it as the “builder of socialism and self-management,” that is to say, she is the one who will answer for how communism (tried to) killed the soul, identity, culture and faith of the Slovenian nation.
How would the archbishop feel in her company?
The fourth one who became an honorary doctor was the well-known communist Sergei Kraigher. He became distinguished on the square in Ljubljana and Maribor for his great efforts to expand communism among our Slovenians.
How would the archbishop
(Continued on page 3)
Joe Trolli Scored Some of the Great Slovenian Polkas
La Gazzetta-Italiana Frankie Yankovic may have been .the king of polka music but Joseph J. Trolli, his polka writing partner, was the “uncrowned ruler of the sheet music.”
Trolli wrote and arranged the music and at the same time, shunned the spotlight. In his own right, Yankovic deservedly got the credit but Trolli worked behind the scenes to help put Slovenian polka music “not only on paper but also on the map.”
He was “the guy” who helped a nine-year-old kid by ihe name of Yankovic begin learning how to play the accordion. The Vadnal brothers, Johnny and Richard would come later. As for Yankovic, Trolli and Frankie drifted apart but came back years later.
United, they studied some old folk songs of Slovenian immigrants in the Collinwood ueighborhood and improvised and wrote some arrangements. The rest is history.
Not bad for an Italian American who loved his accordion but couldn’t get enough music lessons in Eveleth, the Iron Range of Minnesota. He on his own came to Cleveland; the family followed later. His father Giuseppe had earned a
living as a miner of iron ore and his mother, Argentina, raised the family. Papa Trolli had first emigrted from Caviago (Reggio Emilia) to Nazareth, Pennsylvania at the turn of the century. Joseph was born there on July 23, 1907.
In Cleveland, Trolli daily practiced his accordion lesson eight and nine hours. Later he taught music from his home on Evangeline Avenue in Collinwood. He also traveled by streetcar to his students in Little Italy and taught others at his studio on E. 152nd and School Avenue.
A number of his students were Italians and they included Frankie Carrozza who played on the Ed Sullivan Show and Peter Selvaggio, one of the jazz giants of Greater Cleveland. Selvaggio has played with some of the greatest artists of our time including Guy Lombardo and the Royal Canadians.
Local history has recorded that some of the greatest Slovenian polkas ever scored, recorded and played by the legendary Frankie Yankovic were put on sheet paper by the Italian American Joseph J. Trolli. Several students recalled that “Trolli was the guy” who made some of the greatest
contributions to polka music in America. And many of those contributions came at his Collinwood Music Studio in the old neighborhood. Whatever instruments they wanted to study, Trolli had the teachers just around the corner.
Yankovic not only stopped in at the music center but also at the Trolli home where in-between cooking spaghetti, Trolli would score the music for some of Yankovic’s greatest hits. It was the same scenario on some evenings in the basement of Yankovic’s bar on E. 152nd and Hale Street. There, they shared a good bottle of wine or whatever while Yankovic played and Trolli wrote and arranged the music. It was not unusual for Trolli whose favorite song was Torna Sorrento and Puccini operas (his favorite was “II Mio Babino Caro” - “Gianni Schicchi”) to write several music scores a week... some of them for the then WGAR band.
Those closest to Slovenian polka music agreed Trolli was one of the best polka music arrangers in the business but never received the accolades he deserved. His songs and arrangements probably helped more Slovenian polka bands in
the area than anyone else. For 20 years, this Italian American played Slovenian polkas at the then famous Twilight Gardens and Chagrin Tavern.
And as Trolli arranged music, it didn’t hurt that he was married to a Slovenian, Albina, who advised him when his songs seem to miss the Slovenian beat. After all, she had seen him playing at a dance and knew almost immediately, “he was the guy for me.”
When they married in 1935, Joe Trolli took time off during the reception to play some Slovenian polkas for his wedding guests.
As time passed, Trolli, along with Yankovic and the legendary Johnny Pecon combined efforts to produce 14 accordion albums they wrote under Frank & Joe Publishing.
When it came to songs, Trolli loved to title his compositions after friends, events and locations. Ther? was ‘>Showplow Polka” named because he plowed snow for the South Euclid Service Department. He worked for the City of South Euclid for 20 years. There was “Albina Waltz” named after his Slovenian wife, “Ammon Road Polka” (his South Euclid home location). There was also “Tony’s
Polka,” “Milwaukee Polka” and “In Heaven, There Is No Beer.”
Earlier this year, his wife, Albina, received a royalty check for 33 cents as part of a $200 plus check that also included $45 for “Milwaukee Polka.”
What do the polkas “Silk Umbrella,” “Give Me Back My Heart,” “Tony’s Polka” have in common? Those are polka favorites that carried Yankovic and others to gigs around the country.
Rightfully so, Trolli is a member of the Trustee Honor Roll of the Polka Hall of Fame in Euclid. As established, the honor roll was comprised of about 70 people whose contributions to the music world were significant, but not well known enough to have won recognition from the public at large.
In the mid 1950s, Trolli was most proud of the fact that he was able to purchase the accordion of one of the greatest accordionists in the world, Charles Magnante. He paid $555 for it and today that accordion is worth at least ten times that much.
But money seemingly was never priority number one to Trolli. His songs were — and he literally gave them away.
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
2 Jim’s Journal
by Jim Debevec
One good thing about winter: you don’t have to cut the grass and pull out the weeds. Other than that, I can’t think of much good to say about it.
One of our first topics for the New Year is: oxymoron. What is an oxymoron? Well, in Saturday’s local paper the headline talked about President Clinton’s speech in which he urged Congress to “Act Responsible; Raise the Debt Limit.” And there you have it: two contradictory thoughts.
If the Republicans had one guy who could out-talk the current President, they might have a chance. Otherwise, forget it. The only hope the Republicans have is to nominate Clint Eastwood.
* * *
Did you notice the article on the first page about Joe Trolli? He worked with Frankie Yankovic and other Slovenian musicians to make some memorable polka songs. In Euclid, where there are mostly Italians and Slovenians, they often elect one or the other as mayor or give each other a high cabinet position. And the result? One of the best cities in the country.
The point I’m trying to make here the hard way is in Europe they ought to try the same thing. When the Italians and Slovenians get together as a coalition and compromise, they’ll have an unbeatable combination and both will prosper from it.
* * *
You ever been a victim of a fraud, but keep coming back for more? Last month I bought myself an old serial on video tape. It reminded me of my youth. Each Saturday or Sunday I would watch a serial in a , movie theater for 20 minutes and it would end with some disaster such as the airplane the hero is flying, crashes into a mountain when the villian shoots it with a ray-gun. You wait all week to find out what happened. Then you go to the movie and they show the same scene again at the beginning of the serial, only this time the hero bails out at the last minute and is saved. Now I don’t have to wait a week; I show one chapter each
night. I keep watching to see if just once things might not turn out so good.
Anyhow, it was the first indication that people would purposely lie to us. They don’t have serials any more; just some politicians.
* * *
Life has really changed since then. We’ve become our own servants. I used to drive into a gas station and three fellows would come out (six or seven if the customer was a girl wearing a short skirt). One filled the gas tank, another checked the oil, and a third checked the air in your tires. The fellow with the gas nozzle would somehow set it on automatic and then go over and wash the windows at the same time. The total bill might come to less than $5.00.
Now in the bitterest of winter you have to go outside, pump your own gas, forget to check the oil, and ignore the tires'
We learned it all from the Big Mac. Yes, that’s right, During our youth we would go to the drive-in restaurant, talk into a speaker, then a female car-hop would come out with your hamburger on a tray which she somehow hooked on to the driver’s window. Today, you want a hamburg? If you go inside, you serve yourself. When finished, you gather your wrappers and napkins and cardboard containers and walk over to the trash bin and discard the waste yourself.
Most things are now that way. You pick out your own groceries. No more grocer to run around for you. There’s only cashiers to take your money. Want shoes? The same. Want a shirt? The same. Want some money? Go to a bank machine.
Whatever happened to all the people who were there to help you?
We have TV and inter-active computers with an unbelievable capacity for distributing information. If a cashier talks to you for a minute — he/she gets fired for taking too much time.
* * *
I received a phone call the other day. It was from Stan Majer the Shoe Man who was owner-operator of Stan’s Shoe Store on E. 61st and St. Clair.
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He suggested we salute as our unsung heroes all the former “Shoe-Box Dusters.”
Now what’s a shoe-box duster? It’s a kid whom a shoe store manager hires to make the coffee, sweep the floor, andunake sure there is no dust on any of the shoe boxes. Actually, it didn’t pay much, but it kept the kid off the streets and showed him the value of working for a buck.
Stan said during his career he had five shoe-box dusters working for him. “And you know something?” he asked. “I’ve followed each of their careers and EVERY ONE of them has turned out to be an OUTSTANDING citizen, and credit to his country.”
Now isn’t that something? A man who cared. A man who took personal interest, and usually paid for the work out of his own pocket. Well, Stan, this week we not only salute the shoe-box dusters, but the people who hired them. You know what? It IS a wonderful world after all.
* * *
I think I’ll dust off my old toboggan and head for Manakiki golf course while the snow is perfect.
After all. I’m a Slovenian born — from the Julian Alps — and proud of it. And not a sissy in the bunch.
Emphatic and reiterated assertion, especially during childhood, produces in most people a belief so firm as to have a hold even over the unconscious. —Bertrand Russell
Deepest thanks to the Honorable Judge August Pryatel of Solon, Ohio who donated $25.00 to the American Home Publishing Co. — Your generous gift will come in handy as we are installing a new rubber roof this week which was forced upon us by the seven leaks in strategic places as well as the replacement of our two typesetting computers this month. Last year our mailing computer shut down per-
manently and had to be replaced. We had to buy a film processor in June to the tune of $8,000. As you can see, your lovely contribution was a Godsend, and sorely needed'
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3
What Is Carmina Burana ’?
by STANE KUHAR
As we are approaching the beginning of the third millenium, mankind has always sought to express itself through the arts: painting, writing, theater, or singing. It is in this last category that one of the most celebrated and well-known pieces produced in the 20th century was “Carmina Burana.”
Originally in its Latin title of “Cantiones Profanae” this musical piece by German composer Carl Orff propelled him from a regional composer in his native Bavaria to worldwide recognition when it was completed in 1936.
The emphasis of Carmina Burana is a collection of verses that were originally sung by “goliards” (or what we would term today as vagabonds) in the Middle Ages in Europe.
Carl Orff used the basis of Carmina Burana from a manuscript that was discovered in 1803 in the Benedictbeuern monestary in Bavaria. Orff parlayed this manuscript of 25 poems into singing verses and used it as the basis for the “cantana” version of Carmina Burana. The majority of Carmina Burana is sung in Latin with various parts sung in “Low German” and “Old French.”
The context of Carmina Burana is simply about enjoying life, even if it includes some of the more carnal desires of mankind. More amazing is that the original compositions of the “poems” were written by the various Gcrical members at the monestary. Or those who did not meet the criteria to join the monastic staff and sought thereafter to wander through Europe and engage in a life of merriment and wanton Pleasure.
Be that as it may, Orff was able to fuse folksinging, Gregorian chanting and other singing styles plus the
ackground of a philharmonic symphony into a truly en-joyable musical piece.
The cantana opens with the flrst poem to Fortune. The opening words are “O For-tuna, velut luna...” (Oh, For-tune, like the light of the moon.” The meaning that Fortune can smile or destroy a Person in the form of Fate. And if Fate rears its ugly head We realize that the downside of those who only believe in fate ®re destined to encounter the human emotion of revenge.
The next set of poems move through a chorus of tenors, s°pranos, altos, and basses nntil the baritone sings a short solo followed by the chorus s'nging to “Ecce Gratum...” (Look at Green (Summer)). The lead in this poem is set to a Gregorian chant with the entire chorus joining.
The mood changes with a short interlude by the symphony followed by a mix of singing in Latin and Low German and coming to a conclusion in the singing style of the Kolo.
The next set opens again with a fast singing style of the lead baritone indicating a complete loss in life and engaging oneself in the carnal vices of lust, gambling, and other assorted pleasures. This is followed by a difficult tenor solo, swinging back to a loud baritone solo who introduces the audience to the drunk Abbot of Cucany, seeking to engage in games of chance (ie., dice games) and concluding with a chorus singing of toasting to everything and everyone in the joy of drinking and becoming intoxicated with wine.
The final set of ten poems are sung with a mixture of solos (mainly baritone and soprano plus tenors and bass voices) and the entry of both boy and girl choruses. The final ten poems place emphasis on love, love lost and love regained, all in varying degrees.
The final poem circles back to the opening phrases of “O, Fortuna, velut luna,” concluding with a powerful ending that has the sound of 150+ voices, the entire precussion and symphany instruments.
* * *
(Note: Carmina Burana was performed in May/June 1994 in Celovec, Austria and Trieste, Italy by the combined
(Continued from page 1)
feel in his company?
And who was the last one to join this distinguished society? Robert Mugabe. Surely, all of you recognize this “Slovenian?” No? Honestly, I don’t know what Mugabe did for the Slovenian nation that he would deserve this honorary doctorate?
Then, these are the people — all of them — who received this award. And therefore, once again, how would the archbishop feel among them? Wouldn’t this be an award for shame, which would put him in the company of the greatest haters and murderers of the Slovenian nation?
And, therefore, once again, thank you to Dr. Alojzij Kralj, rector of the university and to the university senate that they only gave the archbishop the title “political personality.” In light of this, let it be known to Dr. Alojzij Kralj that he walks on very thin ice for this same senate is suing him at the Supreme Court for huge, illegal proceedings in the elections for university rector.
In light of this, does Dr. Alojzij Sustar really desire communist affirmation for his life’s works? All of Europe knows that Dr. Sustar was the secretary and vice president of the Council of European Bishops’ Conference, and that
singing choruses of “Peca,” “Danica,” the Slovenian Philharmonic Orchestra (from Ljubljana, Slovenia), accompanied by two Slovenian voice schools in Carinthia and the Graz Percussion Group. Stanko Polzer was the lead composer/conductor with soloist being Jožko Kovačič (baritone), Marjan Trček (tenor), and Norina Radovan (soprano).
WVIZ-TV25 in Cleveland has made a commitment to air this taped production of Carmina Burana in spring of 1996 for northeast Ohio, provided that permission is received from Austrian TV network ORF, who taped the event in Celovec, and that a copy of the original tape is presented to the TV25 channel for broadcast purposes only.
This would be in conjunction with the series of events to celebrate the Bicentennial Year of Cleveland, Ohio. Carmina Burana would highlight one cultural aspect of the Slovenian communities in northeast Ohio.
Peca and Danica both performed in northeast Ohio in 1993 and 1995. Arrangements for Carmina Burana to be shown on TV25 are being coordinated by Bernard Sadovnik and Mirko Bogotaj (Carinthia) and Mr. Robert Olive (TV25) and myself.
all of Europe recognizes him. He was professor and rector of the seminary in Chur, Switzerland. He is recognized as the author of 17 independent works, 72 academic theological discussions, 392 theological export and other articles, and that he wrote 420 intoductory articles for diverse types of books and other works.
And who can count all the marvelously beautiful talks and sermons as well as all the interviews he gave in the most diverse types of reviews and newspapers all over Europe? And, above all this, his excellent leadership for the colossal Ljubljana archdiocese. With all his enormous works, the archbishop has erected himself a memorial which no one can destroy, or take away from him.
Because of this, Archbishop, please don’t accept any awards given by the partisan functionaries, and without them feel assuredly distinguished.
And what will future historians say as they come upon the archbishop’s name in the company of these criminals? Being a “political personality” would not be a shame. Being in their company would.
Why was Archbishop Sustar denied degree?
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AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
4 Concealed Weapons Bill Sparks Much Controversy
by State Representative ED JERSE
One of the most controversial measures before the Ohio General Assembly is the so-called “concealed weapons” bill. This bill would allow individuals, upon receiving a license and training, to carry concealed weapons in public.
Under current Ohio law, it is illegal to carry a concealed weapon. However, the law does provide an “affirmative defense” to persons who carry a gun because they have a legitimate reason to fear for their safety.
In July, the weapons bill sailed through the,Ohio Senate by a 26 to 6 vote. However, it stalled in the Ohio House after Governor George Voinovich announced his opposition. Efforts to compromise have failed and proponents recently announced that they wouldi „ seek to pass the bill over the Governor’s veto.
To some extent, the debate reflects a rural-urban split in the legislature. In Greater Cleveland, it is easy to forget that Ohio is a largely rural state. Perspectives sometimes differ between legislators from rural areas, where guns are more associated with hunting and self-protection, and those from urban areas, where guns are often associated with crime and violence.
Proponents of the concealed weapons bill argue that, with crime rates rising, individuals should have the right to carry weapons to protect themselves. Many people feel that individuals should be allowed to have a gun in their homes for protection. Proponents say that this protection should not be lost when the person leaves the home.
Opponents counter that the weapons bill will lead to more guns on the streets and more injuries and deaths. They say that guns are far more likely to be fired by accident or in domestic disputes than in self defense and that the weapons bill sends exactly the wrong message to an already too-violent society.
Ironically, the opponents are joined by some who believe that the weapons bill is too restrictive. These opponents argue that, under the Second Amendment, individuals should be allowed to carry weapons without a license or mandatory training.
The testimony before the Judiciary Committee, on which I serve, has been dramatic. As proponents, we heard from assault victims and from a woman whose parents were killed in the mass shooting at Luby’s Restaurant in Texas. As opponents, we heard from mothers whose teens died in accidental shootings and from doctors appalled by the carnage they had witnessed.
Unfortunately, statistics have not clarified the question. Some argue that crime
rates have gone down in states, such as Florida, with weapons laws, but others say the rates have gone up. Some say that crime rates changes may be tied to unrelated factors and others say that it is too early to tell what impact the laws have had.
Several factors have led me to oppose the concealed weapons bill. First, the current law, while not perfect, strikes a reasonable balance between a legitimate concern for selfprotection and the downside risks of more guns, more accidents, and more confrontations. It sends the message that guns should not be carried generally, but leaves room for the protection of persons particularly at risk.
Second, the danger of more injuriesifhd deaths is real. One study suggests that a person carrying a gum is more than forty times more likely to injure himself, an acquaintance, or family member than he is to
Voinovich...
(Continued from page 1)
“These men and women have volunteered countless hours of their personal and professional lives to advance the causes of freedom, democracy and free-market economics for the oppressed in their native or ancestral homelands. In addition, these individuals have helped immigrants and their families who chose to make their homes in Northeastern Ohio adjust to a new life in the United States, and have contributed so much to the preservation of our neighborhoods, to the quality of life in and the overall multicultural diversity of the State of Ohio,” stated Governor Voinovich.
This year’s honorees were: Mr. Michael Schneider — member of the German/Do nauschwaben-American community and a businessman in Brunswick; Mrs. Kathy Kapossy-Palasics -Hungarian community leader and Hungarian radio program announcer; Dr. Vladimir “Vlad” Rus - Leader in the Slovenian community, part-time professor at Cuyahoga Community College, and former City of Cleveland employee during Ralph Perk’s Administration; Mr. Ramachandran Balasu-bramaniam “Balu” -Leader in the Asian-Indian Community, sponsor of the annual St. Thyagaraja Music Festival at Cleveland State University and City of Cleveland employee; Sen. Gary Suhadolnik -Member of the Ohio Senate; Judge Ralph J. Perk, Jr. -Judge of the Cuyahoga County Municipal Court since 1991; Mr. Raymond Pianka - Judge-elect to the Cleveland Housing Court and former City of Cleveland Councilman; Mr. Edward W. Rybka - City of Cleveland Councilman.
use the gun in self-defense. We often hear of tragic accidents and confrontations in the home and, by allowing guns to be carried in public, we may be expanding the circumstances in whicn such accidents and confrontations can occur.
Finally, the climate of violence and the numbers of people, particularly young
people, being killed are horrifying. In 1983, I lost my older sister, a doctor, to a handgun shooting. No one should have to suffer such a loss and we need to change attitudes and reduce violence. A measure which sanctions a wider arming of the population sends the wrong message at a critical time.
I anticipate that the weapons bill will be brought to a vote quickly now that efforts to reach an accommodation with Governor Voinovich failed. The proponents will not want attention focused on that disagreement for long.
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Wines of Slovenia
In terms of global history of wine-making the art started early in Slovenia: archelo-gical findings indicate that wine was already cultivated by Celtic and Ilyric tribes long before Romans came to the present winegrowing regions.
But wine-making in the present area of Slovenia truly blossomed with the Romans. Tacit mentions Petovia’s (today’s town of Ptuj) wines (where Frank Sega’s KSKJ tour in 1993 spent time sampling various present-day wines produced there) wines in the 1st century AD and numerous archeological findings of am-phoras, goblets and glasses give hints of a booming production trade (e.g., the Roman bread mold, which served as the model for the registered trade mark of Slovenian wines).
Wine-making almost died out in Slovenia in the 6th century AD — as Slavs from Russian steppes migrated into the area.
The craft returned with the Christianization of Slavs, but only started to flourish in the i2th century as the Hungarian tribes receded eastward and
the climatically ideal areas of Styria and Prekmurje were made available for cultivation.
he art of wine-making was reintroduced by monks, particularly important was the mfluepce of Minorites in Podravska region. From the Uth century onward, the history of Slovenian wine-making remains cntinuous. Today, Slovenia produces an ^erage of 480,000 hectolitres ° wine annually, on some
21.000	hectares of vineyards in ree wine growing regions:
podravska, Posavska and frimcrska; these are further u tvided in accordance with specifics of microclimatic con-mtioits, soils, etc.
The quality of Slovene 'vmes is guaranteed by the hfge number of small producers; the outstanding quality comes in batches of 700 to
3.000	bottles, lovingly rePared by vignerons with
^tnll and immaculately tend-vineyards. The Slovenian me Growers and Producers ssociation imposes and en-0rces strict rules, governing everything from the types of Stapes that may be grown in sPecific regioiis, to the methods for production of vvmes and labeling.
Slovenia was always the ^r°ssroads between North and outh, East and West; accor-Gm«ly* French, Italian and erman influences are evident °th in the growing and protection of wines, as in terminology. Single-grape wines ate predominantly named a ter the grape, while blended Wlnes frequently carry the narne of the producing region;
e terminology for high quali-ty and predicate wines is ectuivalent to German.
Slovenia lies on the ^°uthern slopes of the Alps and touches the Mediterranean — consequently, though
it may enjoy the benefits of “the best of both worlds,” Slovenian viticulture is also at the mercy of climatic unpredictabilities from both the North and the South.
There are extraordinary vintages and absolute failures, with a spectrum of “in-betweens.” There were seven extraordinary vintages in this country: 1917, 1942, 1947, 1952, 1958, 1971, and 1983; and 1993 promises to be another one.
Since 1980, only two vintages were considered excellent or better — the afore-mentioned 1983 and the excellent 1990 —, while 1981, 1985, 1986, 1987 and 1988 are judged as very good.
The best vintages are stored in wine archives, the older ones are sold only at rare auctions; some wines from 1980 onward are still available in the archives and specialized wine shops.
**************
DID YOU KNOW Slovenia...
According to SLOVENEC the case against Bishop Gregory Rožman is being re-opened in Ljubljana. In 1946 a military court had found him guilty in absentia as an enemy of the state. He was convicted to 18 years of hard labor and confiscation of his possessions. He was tried along with General Leon Rupnik, who was Mayor of Ljubljana at the time. General Rupnik was executed. Very interesting questions and discrepancies are coming to light regarding the political status of the Catholic Bishop in the atmosphere of a more democratic rule in Slovenia
There were 125,611 unemployed in Slovenia during November. That figure represents 1.7% more than in 1994. In all of Europe there are 17.5 million unemployed as of November 1995.
Pope John Paul II received Lojze Peterle in a personal audience. P6t6rlč is a political figure in Slovenia at present ’ president of the Slovenian Christian Democrats and a state representative.
It’s official now. The Apostolic Nuncio in Slovenia Msgr. Edmond Far hat announced on January 12th that Pope John Paul II will visit Slovenia next May 17 to 19. The pope will be celebrating his 76th birthday in Slovenia on May 18th. Dr. Alojzij Šuštar, Archbishop and Metropolite of Ljubljana made the public announcement.
Slovenia’s oldest manufacturer of the accordion is Avgust Železnik. He has been building accordions for more than 50 years in Slovenia.
On January 10 Janez Lampret, consultant to the director of the Slovenian Postal Service presented Pope John Paul II an album of Slovenian postage stamps.
Mara Osredkar is president of the Women’s League in Toronto. She was featured recently in an interview in On&ina,
The famous travel agency (Mihelin Travel Bureau) owners-operators from left to right, the founder of Mihelin’s Travel Bureau, Mr. Frank Mihelin who was born in the town of Bizeljsko, Slovenia. Next to Mr. Mihelin, is his lovely daughter, Christine Mihelin Kos; she is American bom. Everyone who intends to travel to Slovenia should contact Mihelin Travel Agency at 1-800-536-6865, or locally (216) 431-5710 (Fax: 216 431-5712). They are located at 4118 St. Clair Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44103. At Mihelin Travel Agency they speak American, Slovenian, and Croatian.
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CLEVELAND - LJUBLJANA/ZAGREB
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WEEKLY DEPARTURES JUNE IS THRU SEPTEMBER IS
EARLY BOOKING SPECIAL - SAVE $ 100.00 if YOU MAKE YOUR ROUND TRIP RESERVATION AND PAYMENT BY FEBRUARY 15			
CLEVELAND - FRANKFURT		FRANKFURT - CLEVELAND	
MAY 31	S309.00	JUNE 10,17	$309.00
JUNE 07,10	S319.00	JUNE 24	$309.00
JUNE 17,24	$349.00	JULY 01,08	$329.00
JULY 01	$349.00	JULY 15,22,29	$329.00
JULY 08,15,22,29	$339.00	AUGUST 05,12,19,26	$349.00
AUGUST 05,12,15, 26	$329.00	SEPTEMBER 02, 09, 16	$329.00
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TAXES AND FEES $35.95		TAXES AND FEES $35.95	
CLEVELAND - LONDON/SIIANNON		LONDON/SHANNON - CI.F.Vir.l .AND	
JUNE 10	$279.00	JUNE 18	$279.00
JUNE 17	$289.00	JUNE 25	$299.00
JUNE 24, JULY 01	$309.00	JULY 02,09	$319.00
JULY 08, 15	$289.00	JULY 16, 23	$329.00
JULY 22,29	$279.00	JULY 30	$309.00
AUGUST 05,12,19	$289.00	AUGUST Ofr 13	$289.00
AUGUST 27	$199.00	AUGUST 20,27	$329.00
TAXES AND FEES $49.95		TAXES AND FEES $49.95	
CLEVELAND - LJUBLJANA/ZAGREB		ZAGREB/LJUBLJANA - CLEVELAND	
MAY 14	$359.00	MAY 22	$349.00
MAY 21	$349.00	JUNE 12,19	$359.00
JUNE 11	$369.00	JUNE 26, JULY 06	$369.00
JUNE 18, 25	$389.00	JULY 17	$359.00
JULY 05,16	$379.00	JULY 24,31	$369.00
JULY 23,30	$359.00	AUGUST 07,14	$379.00
AUGUST 06,13	$369.00	AUGUST 21, 28	$389.00
AUGUST 20	$359.00	SEPTEMBER 04,11	$399.00
AUGUST 27	$349.00		
SPTMBR03, 10 subj to avail	$299.00	SPLIT: ADD $«0.00 FOR R.T. + TAX	
TAXES AND FEES 540.75 FOR CROATIA, 550.75 FOR SLOVENIA ABOVE PRICES ARE ONE WAY BASED ON ROUND TRIP PURCHASE. EARLY BOOKING DISCOUNT FARES MUST BE
PAID IN FULL WITHIN 4 DAYS OF MAKING RESERVATION
ONE WAY FARE TO FRANKFURT IS 5407.00 - LONDON/SIIANNON 5377.00 - LJUBLJANA/ZAGREB 5477.00 ONE WAY FARE FOR INFANTS IS 550.00 AND LIMITED TO ONE INFANT PER ADULT SHARING SEAT
	ADDITIONAL DISCOUNTS:			
	SENIOR FARE	YOUTH FARE	CHILDREN	
	60 AND +	13-26 YEARS	ACES 2 - 12	OR LOWEST
FRANKFURT	$609.00	$509.00	$599.00	COMBINATION
LONDON	$499.00	$499.00	$499.00	ABOVE1
SHANNON	$499.00	$499.00	$499.00	
LJUBLJANA	$50.00 OFF	$50.00 OFF	$75.00 OFF	
ZAGREB	$50.00 OFF	$50.00 OFF	$75.00 OFF	
"EUROPEAN ORIGINATING" INVITE YOUR RELATIVES AND FRIENDS AT THESE LOW COST FARES WITH ADMIN. CHARGE OF $35.00 PER BOOKING ONI.yi
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AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
6 The Seat Next to Me
by JOHN LARISH (Continued From Last Week)
Security
One thing about flying many years ago — there wasn’t the fear of hijackers and terrorists that we have seen in recent times. In spite of all of our complaints about unnecessary security at our airports, I think we would rather have the security and not the hijackings which have been experienced in many parts of the world. Certainly there was much finger pointing with the great tragedies of Lockerbie and the desert hijackings, but back then, how far could your airplane fly on a tank of gas?
It appears that most security systems used by the world airlines today are modeled after El Al. On one trip to Israel, I was afraid they were not going to let me out of the country until I produced a letter from the people I was visiting that showed that I was a legitimate businessman.
The security never bothered me. It was the lack of it that was more upsetting. I recall standing, not too long ago, in Chicago O’Hare airport and seeing people going around the check points because the security staff was distracted by the press of a large crowd. That’s the way we get the few tragedies that we have experienced — those momentary lapses.
It went WHERE?
Luggage is always a question — whether your bags will get there when you do. While making regular flights mostly on international routes for several years, I think that my suitcase traveled more than I did. More than once my suitcase that was tagged for European^ African, or Middle Eastern destination, would up in Hong Kong, Tokyo, or some other far away point.
On one trip to Japan, I arrived in Tokyo, but to this day, I don’t know where the suitcase went — I was wilted, unshaven and uncomfortable. The airline tried to be helpful by offering me a $25 chit to buy a clean shirt and razor blades, but being 6’6” in Tokyo was a problem. It was impossible to find a shirt large enough or anything I could, wear within the limits of their modest allowance. Fortunately, the luggage showed up the next day and I was back on track.
Surprise!
It was even more interesting, on one trip, when my suitcase that was due in Teheran, Iran, made its own trip to Tokyo. When the luggage finally appeared in Tehran, the airline called and asked me to come and pick it up in the customs office. It was not uncommon on those trips to carry emergency spare parts that were needed by our office in Teheran. On that particular trip, the suitcase held a larger than usual amount of spare parts for the office.
It was just my luck that the
customs people insisted that the suitcase be opened to see what was inside. I opened it and there were all those bubble wrapped packages of parts. They said, “What are these?” I said, “Those are for my own use.” They looked at each other, but said, “OK, go ahead.”
You can bet that I was sweating as I closed that suitcase and got out of that customs office. I was expecting some real problems, perhaps paying a fine or duty, or maybe even having the parts confiscated. Lady Luck was smiling on me that day.
CHAPTER 2 People Make It Work
What really makes airlines work are the people behind the counters and answering the telephones, the crew on the airplanes, and the on-the-ground service personnel. Some of these people we only see through the airplane windows as they scurry to make sure the food and luggage gets on board, that engines are repaired, or even that light bulbs are replaced so you can read as darkness approaches.
It is amazing how close you can get to the people who provide all sorts of services inside the cabins of the planes. On one flight, as my wife and I returned from Europe, I commented to her that the flight attendant in first class reminded me of a “Mother Superior” of a religious order.
It turned out I couldn’t have been more right. The captain of that flight was making his last trip with American Airlines and had his wife with him for that final trip — it was his retirement flight. As the captain and his wife came down the aisle to greet each of the passengers during the flight, we had a moment to chat. I asked him if the flight attendant in first class had been with the airlines for some time because she gave the appearance of a mother superior.
The captain smiled and said that he was retiring with a little over 30 years of service. The first-class flight attendant, he said, had 37 years of service, several years more than he had. He agreed that she certainly was the mother superior of that flight.
Who Am I?
That brings to mind another special flight attendant that United Airlines people have told me about. If you talk to a captain who has been around for a time, he will speak of the ‘infamous’ Rachael. It seems that even in their flight attendants’ school, there are legendary stories about her.
My favorite story that was attributed to Rachael (who had the ability to say what she believed) involved a passenger in first class who just couldn’t be satisfied. Finally, he said to her, “Don’t you know who I am?” Rachael replied, “Would you excuse me a moment, sir?”
With that she went to the
public address microphone and announced, ‘‘The passenger in 2B doesn’t know who he is, could someone help him, please?” Many airlines would have taken this approach in a negative way, but it worked for Rachael. She is retired now, but still looked on with great admiration and respect by her peers.
Rachael may have taught others some of the ways of reaching difficult passengers. A flight attendant used the microphones carried in overhead bins for emergencies to reach customers who seem to be unable to hear them. They carried the megaphones along with them on their food carts.
When a passenger would not take off their earphones so they could tell them their menu selections for the meal service, they would pick up the megaphone and address them through the megaphone. That got the attention of the passengers very quickly.
Coming through!
Another story they told was of the woman passenger who was very upset because there was a cart in the aisle and she wanted to go to the bathroom. She made such a scene that they used the two megaphones to announce the passenger in 16A has to go to the bathroom, please would you move everything out of the way. Well, the woman at that point slumped down into her seat and wasn’t heard from again on the entire flight.
Seatbelts
While there is fun at times, the carts in the aisles can be a real danger. I noticed a flight attendant on one flight with a slight limp. I inquired of another flight attendant what the problem was. It seemed that on a flight months before, during some air turbulence, a cart had gone all the way to the ceiling and had landed on this man damaging his hip and requiring surgery.
He was still working, but with a noticeable limp. It reminded me why I never sit without a seatbelt on an airplane. Cabin crew, with their need to move up and down the aisles with the service carts, don’t have the luxury of a seatbelt.
Seniority
American Airlines also has its most senior flight attendant, Juanita Carmichael. She is number one in seniority among 21,000 peers. At age 70, Juanita still flies American’s international route to Japan from Dallas.
New Routes Overseas
I had the opportunity to fly to Europe during the first week that American Airlines began their service to Frankfurt, Germany. It gave me the chance to see at first hand what air crews encounter when they start to fly new routes.
In order to get the service started, the airline took delivery of some DC-10 airplanes which had been destined for another airline. The configuration of everything from the coffeepots
to the bathrooms was different.
The first crews to fly these DC-10s were given excellent safety training covering the evacuation of the plane in case of an emergency, but nothing on the every day operations of this differently configured airplane. I’m not sure that they even know where the latch for the bathroom door was.
When it came time for the crew to conduct the video safety demonstration, a flight attendant pulled down the screen in my section and then looked puzzled. He didn’t know how to lock the screen so that it didn’t roll back up into the ceiling.
The ingenious flight attendant simply stood there and held the screen down during the entire announcement, then allowed the screen to go back up where it belonged when it was finished. That same crew
had the challenge of figuring out the food service, stowage of equipment, and everything else that goes with a new type of airplane.
I ran into the same crew a couple of weeks later on my return flight from Europe. By then, they had the aircraft down pretty well. It was on that same return flight that I met a young GI who was returning to the States for his wedding and was very worried about getting home on time for the ceremony.
The thoughtful crew on that flight did everyting in their power to make sure that the GI got the right connections and got home on time. I am sure somewhere there is a happily married couple that benefited from a now-experienced and helpful crew. That’s the kind of peole who take care of us when we fly commercially.
(To Be Continued)
Submarine Cod Seeks Diesel Parts
Volunteer crewmen of the submarine USS Cod, on display east of the E. 9th Street pier next to the Coast Guard and Naval Reserve station in front of Lake Erie in Cleveland, are looking for a few key engine parts.
They would like to begin restoration of the veteran fleet submarine’s five General Motors V-16 diesel engines to operational condition.
The Cod, awarded seven battle stars for its seven war patrols, was brought to Cleveland in 1959 as a Naval Reserve Training vessel and is now considered to be among the best preserved fleet submarines in existence.
Cod curator Paul Farace reports that Navy reservists regularly ran Cod’s number four main diesel and the auxiliary, or “dinky” diesel, as part of their training. The other three engines remained in mothball condition. When the Cod was turned over to its civilian guardians in 1976, several important engine parts, including the Woodward governors and overspeed trips, in addition to numerous small parts, were removed for further service on active naval vessels, or for scrap value.
Cod crewmen are working hard to locate replacement parts, repair manuals, and expertise to assist in the engine restoration project.
“Our goal is to return all five engines to operation condition,” said Farace. “The benefits of the restoration project go well beyond the thrills produced by the roar of operating submarine diesels. Returning them to operational status is the best way to preserve these marvels of engineering for future generations.”
Cod’s ties to Cleveland extend well beyond the fact that she has been a major Lakefront attraction in Cleveland for more than 30 years. Her GM Model 278
diesels were built in Cleveland as well.
Anyone who can help in the project is invited to write to the submarine at USS Cod, 1089 E. 9th St., Cleveland, OH 44114.
No Longer Flying by ‘Seat of Your Pants’
All passenger jets comW off production lines are no"1 equipped with a high tech ‘‘Category 3” avionics package. In plain English1 Newer planes, such as Boeing 757s and MD-90s, can lan^ when the pilot can’t see the runway. But older planes caf' not.
Most out-of-productio11 planes have only “Category 2” equipment and pilots inn5* be able to see the runway t0 land. “If you don’t have visual contact with the ground, then you are not sup' posed to land,” according 10 the rules.
The airlines say they move their fleets of airplan^ around so that “Category 3 planes are often scheduled f°r bad weather destinations.
It is good to know which model plane you’re flying ^ during a predicted winter storm. Ask your airline °! travel agent.
Clothes Travel Tips
Stuck in a hotel with a sa'* case full of wrinkled clothh1^ and an important appointee coming up?
No problem, says a Sky Luggage travel tipster, hang your rumpled garm
vva)'
jus*
iefl*5
in the bathroom, turn on hot shower and close the do You will have your oV^ steam room — and ^ looking clothes in about
minutes. The luggage
con1'
pany also says that stains dark clothes can be rern0.V|1| with black coffee. For clothing, club soda can do trick.	^
Dull or scuffed shoes c311^^ smartened up with s j moisturizing cream.
A Case Study of Slovenia
by MARIA TERESA BOWERS
(Continued from last week)
Although Slovenia is relatively ethnically homogeneous, it does have minority groups. The way in which these nationalities are treated has often been held up as an example to other fledgling democracies in Eastern Europe.
However, Slovenia’s policies on minority rights are not without bias. Ethnic Hungarians and Italians in Slovenia are given specific rights under the Slovene constitution. These two minorities are relatively small. Hungarians make up 0.43% of the population of Slovenia, whereas Italians make up
0.16%. Although they number less than the Croat, Serb and Muslim minorities, the Italians and Hungarians are the only ones mentioned specificially in the Slovene constitution. As Section III of the Constitutional Charter states:
“All rights determined by the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia and valid international treaties are guaranteed to the Italian and Hungarian communities in the Republic of Slovenia and to the members of these communities in the Republic of Slovenia.”
Hungarians and Italians ar each guaranteed one seat i the Slovene Nationa Assembly, which has 9 deputies. In a policy un precedented in the rest o Europe, the tiny Slovene Gyp sy minority is given an ad visory seat (non-voting) i; government. The Italian am Ungarian minorities ar guaranteed by law “the fre Use of their nationa
symbols... may form thei own, organizations am develop economic, cultura and scientific researc! activities and acitivities in th
DUh, ^ mCdia
Pushing... have the righ
unh^ aW t0 location am ■ ringing in their owi anSuage, and are guaranty s>c) the right to develop rela tl0as with the mother nation.
Miiei'6 *ar8er S61"*3. Croat am 'm minority groups wer o addressed by these laws . ough they were given tb rii t to Slovene, citizenship, i esired. Slovene leader ^ecognize the role that ethnici ^ Plays in individual identity and as a result have made ai attempt to accommodate thi:
fact rather than fight it as has been the case in the rest of the former Yugoslavia. In the words of Slovene Minister of Foreign Affairs Lojze Peterle: “Ethnic identity is a natural, social and anthropological fact since the adherence to a nation is one of the essential features of one’s personality through which we, as free individuals, are linked to other people in the community of mankind.”
It should also be recognized that giving these rights to Italian and Hungarian minorities also improved Slovene relations with these countries, while giving Gypsies recognition and political status made Slovenia look very progressive in the eyes of the West. Slovenia’s ethnic policies enhanced its position in the world community. Extending the policy to the ethnic Croats, Serbs and Muslims would have had little effect on this position, due to those countries’ lesser influence in the politics of Western Europe. There also appears to be resentment on the part of Slovenia for decades of domination by Croats and Serbs when it was a part of Yugoslavia. Slovenia’s ethnic policies are not without fault, yet they are a step in the right direction that few countries have been able to take.
Ethnic policies of the other former Yugoslav republics can only be described as abysmal. Genocide and deportations in these former republics has given rise to the common use of the term “ethnic cleansing.” The worst possible atrocities are committed in these countries and there is little understanding of ethnic rights and the right to ethnic self-determination. Serbians living in Croatia fear a reoccurrence of what happened under the Ustase during World War II, yet Croatian President Franjo Tudjman is notorious for doing nothing to allay their fears.
In Serbia, at a rally a crowd called on President Slobodan Milosevic with the cry “Comrade Slobo! Send us salad! Send us salad! We have meat: We kill Croatians!” When Milosevic was called upon to denounce the sentiment he refused. The Slovene leadership does stand out as pragmatic on the issue of ethnicity when compared to their Croat and Serb neighbors.
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Pre Independence Economy	7
Slovenia had a substantially more developed economy and infrastructure compared to the other republics of the former Yugoslavia. Although Slovenia only made up 8% of the former Yugoslav population, it was responsible for 22% of Yugoslavia’s GNP.12 The fact that this resulted in Slovenia contributing a proportionally larger share to the Yugoslav national budget was one of the factors that prompted Slovenia to call for independence. Slovenia’s per capita GNP was more than double the Yugoslav average.13 There are a number of indicators which can be used to illustrate Slovenia’s higher level of development and economic prosperity. A select few are listed in the following table.
Country	GNP per capita (1992)14	Infant mortality per 1,000 live births (1984)15	% households with running drinking water supply (1988)16	% households connected to municipal sewage system (1988)17
Slovenia	$10,700	13.9	97.0%	75%
Croatia	$5,600	16.8	78.5%	62%
Bosnia & Herzegovina	$3,200	24.7	69.1%	52.4%
Serbia	$4,200(1990)	31.9	70.9%	52.1%
Montenegro		23.9	70.9%	56.4%
Macedonia	$3,110	44.3	75.9%	55.4%
Slovenia also has the highest literacy rate of the former Yugoslav republics, with 99.2%, compared to Croatia’s 96.5%, Bosnia-Herzegovina’s 85.5%, Serbia and Montenegro’s 89% and Macedonia’s 89.1%.18 The Slovene work force was also highly skilled when it broke away from Yugoslavia. Production of many goods destined for the world market were based in Slovenia, most notably Yugo automobiles, Iskra telecommunications equipment, Slovenjales appliances and Elan skis and sporting equipment among others. The very nature of these mid to high quality products and demand for them in the West has boosted the Slovene economy. Slovenia was responsible for “virtually all” of the goods that Yugoslavia exported for hard currency.19
The economic situation in Slovenia has made the country an attractive target for foreign investment, compared to the other former Yugoslav republics. In 1992 Slovenia showed a current account balance surplus of $764.3 million, an indicator that will most likely attract
further foreign investment.20 Foreign investment in Slovenia has grown from $4 million in 1990 to $111 million in 1992. There are approximately 1,332 joint ventures in Slovenia and 640 foreign owned enterprises.21 Slovenia has even come out ahead of other Eastern European countries, boasting a better standard of living and a stronger economy than Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia.22 Part of this is due to Slovenia’s size, for in a country with only 2 million people, a little foreign investment can go a long way.
As a part of the former Yugoslavia, Slovenia experienced a socialist economy with market aspects. Therefore transition to a capitalist economy has been easier for Slovenia than those Eastern European economies that were based on the rigid Soviet model. Limited private ownership was allowed in Yugoslavia and market tendencies often prevailed in the economy.
Slovenia is not without economic difficulties, however. Privatization programs have taken a long time to implement, mainly due to political infighting between the former communists and the reformers in the Slovene government. Slovenia lost its largest trading partner, the republics of the former Yugoslavia, which in 1990 received 59.4%^ Slovene exports. The economic chaos and drop in purchasing power of the former Yugoslav republics resulting from war has not left Slovenia untouched. Slovenia’s unemployment rate stands at about 13% and its inflation rate is 2% per month.23 Productivity has dropped along with the growth rate since independence. However, the Slovene currency -the tolar-although reported by some to be overvalued, is stable. The economic situation has experienced an upturn in 1993 which is expected to continue. Conversely, hyper-inflation exists in the other former Yugoslav republics. The chaos of war has made impossible an accurate measure of most economic indicators. The food shortages and lack of consumer goods that plague other republics do not exist in Slovenia.
Yugoslavia was a microcosm for the world situation of economic disparity between North and South. Slovenia and Croatia enjoyed higher standards of living and levels of consumer goods than those that existed in the lands occupied by their southern neiohbors Serbia was a provider of raw materials while Slovenia manufactured the finished product
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
s Waterloo Pensioners News
by GRACE MARINCH
The frst meeting of The Waterloi Pensioners for 1996 was held on Tuesday, Jan. 8. The newlv elected officers are: Presider Don Gorjup; Vice Presidei'.: Frank O’Hara; Treasurer: Ralph Urbancek; Recording Secretary: Grace Marinch; Auditors: Tony Silc, Dorothy Silc, Tillie Branekovic, and alternate Ann Zgonc. All look forward to having an eventful year.
We would like to take this opportunity to say “THANK YOU” for a great job to outgoing president, John Prhne, and his wife, Justine; they both have been a tremendous asset to the club. Helen Vukčevič, who has been recording secretary for many, many years, will surely be missed by all of the members. Helen was always willing to do anything that was asked of her and more. She always had a smile and kind word for everyone. Not only was she an excellent secretary, but is also a very special lady, well-liked by everyone.
Helen has been on the sick list and has been unable to attend the recent meetings, but we are all hoping and praying that she will be able to join us once again. Thanks, Helen, for all your support and dedication to the Waterloo Pensioners Club - it was certainly appreciated.
Delicious food and great entertainment was provided by our own talented members, Lou Prebevsek, Adolph (Gappy) Kapla, Don Gorjup, Fred Skolaris, Mary Prebevsek and Joe Zgonc. They helped make it a successful Christmas party.
During the November meeting, it was decided to purchase poinsettia plants for all of the members who are now
residing in nursing homes. Volunteering to purchase the plants was Mitzi Yeray — thanks, Mitzi, the plants were lovely. Also thanks to the Silcs, Prhneš, Prebevseks and the Marolts who volunteered to deliver them to the members. They all reported that the recipients were very pleased and glad to visit with them for awhile. This was a very nice gesture and one which will probably be repeated every year during the holiday season.
Congratulations to Dorothy Gorjup for having been named “Woman of the Year” for all the area Slovenian Homes. Dorothy is certainly well deserving of this honor. Dorothy is one of our very own loyal members who is always volunteering her time and has contributed her expertise in many ways for the betterment of the Waterloo Pensioners Club. Ken Kleinhenz was named “Man of the Year” for the Waterloo Slovenian Home. Ken is also very deserving of this honor. He served on the Board of Directors of the Waterloo Hall and is doing a fantastic job in all his undertakings. A banquet will be held on Sunday, March 17 at the St. Clair Slovenian National Home to pay tribute to all the men and women from all of the halls who earned the title of “Man” or “Woman” of the year. Tickets for this event were purchased by our members and club splitting the cost of $18.00.
It’s a little early to think of picnics, but before you know it, summer will be here and we will be making plans for summer outings. The WPC picnic will be held on Wednesday, June 26 at the SNPJ Farm, Heath Rd., Kirtland. It was
voted at the January meeting to increase the price of the dinner this year to $6.0. Therefore, the dinner and gate admission will be $9.00. $3.00 will be charged at the gate for dancing only. This picnic is open to anyone interested in attending, but tickets must be purchased in advance. More on this later.
Our meetings tire held on the 2nd Tuesday of each month at Waterloo Slovenian Home, 15335 Waterloo Rd., Cleveland at 1 p.m. We are accepting new members, so we would be pleased to have you join us if you are interested in belonging to a friendly, fun-loving group of pensioners. On the agenda for 1996 are bingo games, horse racing games, interesting speakers and, hopefully, some day trips for interested members.
St. Mary’s Seniors Meet
St. Mary’s (Collinwood) Senior Citizens meeting will be held on Tuesday, Feb. 6 at 1:30 p.m. in the school cafeteria. Besides the meeting, there will be a Valentine Party. Everyone is requested to bring a valentine that they made.
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Šuštaršič, Resnik Inducted Into
Euclid 'Distinguished’ Hall of Fame
The Euclid, Ohio Schools Alumni Association has installed six graduates into the Distinguished Achievement Hall of Fame.
The Distinguished Achievement award recognizes graduates of Euclid High School, Euclid Central High School and Shore High Schools for success in their careers and commitment to their community. The awards program also recognizes those who are not alumni but have made important contributions to the students of the Euclid high schools.
Tony J. Sustarsk, Central, Class of 1943 left school to enlist in the Army. As a tank commander in the “Battle of the Bulge,” he lost a leg. After rehabilitation, Tony finished his high school requirements and studied at Dyke College.
Tony sold real estate and worked as an appraiser for probate court and the county sheriff’s department. He became interested in politics and served Euclid as Councilman-at-Large for 18 years, administrative director five years, and led the city as Mayor for four years. Tony lives in Euclid.
Tony’s son, Jerry, and grandson are also popular government office seekers in the city of Euclid and are following in Tony’s awesome footsteps.
Holly C. Resnik, Euclid, Class of 1973. Holly attended Denison University where she earned her degree in theater. Since then. Holly has had a busy career in show business.
She worked consistently in Chicago television, did commercials, industrials and theater productions. Holly created the role of Amy in
“Wings,” a world premiere off-Broadway musical in New York City. She also toured the U.S. for two years with “Les Miserables.”
She was nominated eight times for the prestigious Joseph Jefferson Award, winning it five times. Holly has won other awards and was listed in Chicago Magazine as “one of the most influential theater artists of 1994.”
Her proud mom and dad are none other than the talented Cleveland singer Betty Resnik, and Reginald Resnik, currently musical director of Jadran, and pianist extradinaird. The Resniks have chronicled their latest travel adventures on these pages of American Home newspaper. As you can see, music talent runs in this gifted family.
Miklavčič selected Merit semi-finalist
Annual Stockholders Meeting of
Collinwood Slovenian Home
WILL BE HELD ON
SUNDAY, FEB. 4th, 1996 at 2 p.m. in the Lower Hall
Refreshments will be served after the meeting.
Angela Miklavdc has been selected as a National Merit Scholarship	(NMS)
Semifinalist. She is among the three academically talented Euclid (Ohio) seniors out of the 15,000 selected for this honor.
To qualify for this prestigious award, Angela took the 1994 Preliminary SAT/National Merit Scholar ship Qualifying Test which served as an initial screen of more than one million program entrants in 19,000 U.S. high schools. The high scores in each state were designated Semifinalists in numbers representing about one-half of one percent of the state’s hig^ school graduates.
Angela Miklavcic is also a Semifinalist in the 1996 National Achievement Scholarship Program.
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Are There Any Christians Left in the Holy Land?
Bethlehem was 80 percent Christian and 20 percent Muslim in 1960. Today, it is 80 percent Muslim and 20 percent Christian.
There are fewer than 10,000 Christians in Jerusalem, about 2 percent of the population. In all Israel there are 4.2 million Jews, 1.6 million Muslims and
150,000	Christians, according to government figures.
The ongoing exodus of Christians from the Holy Land underlying these statistics concerns Franciscan Father Peter Vasko, a native New Yorker in the Holy Land, charged with Protecting holy sites. He hears •hat at the current rate of Christian emigration, within 65 years there will be no Chris-'Jans in the Holy Land.
Vasko is also president of the newly-created Holy Land Foundation, which aims to reverse the exodus by providing housing, jobs, medical services and scholarships to the dwindling Christian population. The Franciscans are “barraged by requests from young Christian Palestinian families for assistance in remaining in the Holy Land,” said Vasko.
‘‘They have no voice,... no lobby to tell their story,” he explained. Vasko called the Holy Land Foundation ‘‘an attempt to become that voice, that lobby for Christians.”
The roots of their problems are both political and economic, he said.
Donations
Thanks to the following for their generous donations to the Ameriška Domovina:
Mrs. Michael Fraille, Cleveland — $5.00 Družina Cekuta, Toronto
—	$5.00
Daniel Kranjec, Willoughby Hills, O. — $5.00 Mary Vogel, Euclid, O. — $5.00
Joe and Anna Malesich, Etoricoke, Ont., Can. — $15.00
Ernest Kotnik, El Cajon, Calif. — $10.00 Miro Hrovat, Chesterland, O. — $5.00
Miro Hrovat, Chesterland, O. — $5.00
Cecilia Sušnik, Toronto — $15.00
Mr. and Mrs. Victor Lamovec, Richmond Hts., O.
—	$10.00
Frank Skvarča, Racine,
St. Vitus singers on TV
The St. Vitus Music Machine (Children’s Chorus) has been c osen to be the congregation tor the Sunday, Feb. 11th celebration of the Mass for shut-ins.
The Music Machine consists °f 18 students in grades 3 and 4 from St. Vitus School and are under the direction of Mr. David Križan.
In previous years the cl has appeared on the ‘‘Morn Exchange,” in concert v tfte Euclid Civic Chorus, John Cathedral, and in perl mance at St. Vitus School. The Mass airs on Sund J. 11 at 7:00 a.m. on WJ rv-8. Please tune in.
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What is difference between Slovenia and Slavonia?
Slovenia is the former Yugoslav republic, bordered by Croatia, Italy, Austria and Hungary. It declared independence in 1991. The Yugoslav army attacked Slovenia in June, 1991, but withdrew in July.
Slavonia is a region in eastern Croatia. It is bordered by Bosnia-Herzegovina on the south, Hungary on the north and Serbia on the east. Croatia and Serbia often fight over the border region.
Biking in Slovenia?
Message Sent thru the Internet Jan. 6: Anybody ever do bicycling in Slovenia? I will be moving to Ljubljana in the summer. Tourist information shows it to be a beautiful, wooded, mountainous country. It looks to be perfect for riding. Does anyone have any info on trails or riding locations?
Cincent Cheng Univ. of Alberta (1st year Engin’r.)
Wis. — $5.00
Ljudmila Bohinc, Cleveland — $20.00
Stana Oven, Monterey, Calif. — $16.00 Paul Kveder, Lethbridge, Canada — $10.00 Anton Gregorc, Richmond Hts., O. — $6.00 Mary Coffelt, Milwaukee — $10.00
Mr. and Mrs. Louis Stalcer, Millbrae, Calif. — $5.00 Frank Dejak, Cleveland — $8.00
Koloman Grabar, Holley,
N.	Y. — $5.00
Frances Virant, Cleveland,
O.	— $20.00
Antonia Hrvatin, Cleveland
—	$5.00
Karol Bojc, Euclid, O. — $8.00
Stan Sajnovic, Orillia, Ont., Canada — $15.00 B. Svetlic, Baltimore, Md.
—	$20.00
Mr. and Mrs. Anton Lavrisha, Cleveland — $8.00 Anna Vidergar, Euclid, O. — $10.00
Ella Samanich, Middleburg Hts., O. — $10.00 Maria Ribic, Euclid, O. — $5.00
Mary Bencin, Euclid, O. — $10.00
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Recipes
PASTA IN
SOUTHWESTERN SAUCE
1/4 cup dry sherry
I tsp. olive oil
1	Tbs. minced fresh garlic
1/4 cup minced shallots
4 oil-packed sun-dried tomatoes, drained and coarsely chopped
2	Tbs. finely chopped pickled whole jalapeno peppers
2 large ripe tomatoes, seeded and coarsely chopped (or 1-1/2 cups chopped canned plum tomatoes)
1/2 Tbs. chopped fresh basil
2 Tbs. chopped fresh parsley
1.	— Heat sherry and oil to bubbling in a heavy skillet over medium-high heat. Add garlic and shallots and saute for 3 min., stirring.
2.	— Add sun-dried tomatoes, jalapenos and regular tomatoes. Reduce heat to low. Cook, stirring occasionally, for 20 min.
3.	— While sauce simmers, bring a large pot of water to a boil and cook pasta 3-5 min. or until tender. Stir often to prevent sticking.
4.	— Drain pasta well. Rinse briefly with hot water to remove excess starch, and drain again.
5.	— Add pasta to sauce in skillet, sprinkle with basil and parsley. Toss well with sauce and serve immediately.
BACON — BROCCOLI TURKEY BURGERS
These self-basting burgers are perfect for hurried week-night meals.
8 slices bacon
1	lb. ground turkey
2	tbsp. fine dry breadcrumbs
1 tbsp. ketchup.
1 egg
1 green onion, finely chopped
1/4 tsp. EACH salt, basil, and oregano
1 pkg frozen broccoli spears thawed and drained.
Place bacon on microwave-safe rack; cover with waxed paper and microwave at HIGH for 3 to 5 minutes or until thoroughly cooked but not crisp.
In a bowl, combine ground turkey, breadcrumbs, ketchup. egg, green onion, salt, basil and oregano; mix well.
Divide mixture into 4 portions and form into patties. Top each pattie with 1/4 broccoli. Wrap 2 slices of bacon criss-cross over each pattie. Place on microwave-safe rack, cover with waxed paper. Microwave at HIGH for 8 to 10 minutes until patties are no longer pink inside, rotating rack a half turn halfway through cooking.
Makes 4 servings.
Preparation time: 10 min.
Microwave time: 15 min.
Perkins *
Restaurant
22780 Shore Center Dr. Euclid, Ohio 44123 216-732-8077
Operated by Joe Foster
STOP IN AT
BRONKO’S
Drive-In Beverage
510 E. 200th St.
Euclid, Ohio 44119 — 531-8844 —
Imported Slovenian Wines
Chalet Debonne Vineyards Domestic and Imported Beer & Wines — OHIO LOTTERY —
Open Mon. - Thur. 10 a.m. - 9 p.m. Friday - Saturday 10 a.m. - 10 p.m. Sunday (no wines sold) 11 a.m. - 5 p.m.
Owner: David Heuer
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
10 Insurance Story
by Harold T. Duryee It has been around for nearly 3,000 years and is not likely to go away any time soon. It’s called insurance.
As far back as 900 B.C., traders on the island of Rhodes in the Aegean Sea were insuring themselves against maritime disasters by joining together to share the risks of their profitable, yet dangerous enterprise.
But, by the Middle Ages, Italy was the hub of European trade, and Italian shippers dominated the seas. Fragmentary historical records indicate early forms of commercial insurance were developed in Florence and Venice. The practice later expanded to London, Antwerp, Amsterdam, and eventually the United States.
In 1666, the Great Fire of London destroyed more than
13,000	houses and tragically demonstrated the need for a form of shared risk against losses due to fire. By the early 1700s, fire insurance companies were common in London and were conducting business as far away as Wales and Scotland.
The earliest known fire insurance offered in America was in 1735 by the Friendly Society for the Mutual Insuring of Houses Against Fire in Charleston, South Carolina. In Philadelphia in 1736, Ben Franklin organized the city’s first fire insurance company, the Philadelphia Contributor-ship for the Insurance of Houses from Loss by Fire.
Strange as it may sound, our underwriting forefathers at the Contributorship did not like insuring houses on streets with trees. As a result, if you lived on a tree-lined street in Philadelphia, you could not buy fire insurance from this company, which had a virtual monopoly on the market at the time.
For life insurance, citizens from the lower classes in ancient Rome formed associations and regularly contributed a nominal sum from which they could pay burial expenses when a family member passed away. In the Middle Ages, the populations of many European villages or towns agreed to share in the burial costs of residents, insuring individual families would not have to bear the expenses by themselves.
By the seventeenth century, life insurance was becoming a more sophisticated strategy for providng financial security. The primary reason was the advent of statistics. Mathematicians began to develop mortality tables to which insurance rates could be linked.
In 1759, the Presbyterians
CARST-NAGY Memorials 1S425 Waterloo Rd.
481-2237 “Serving the
Slovenian Community.”
founded the first life insurance company in the American col-onies, the Presbyterian Ministers Fund. The Episcopalians soon followed suit.
By the mid-nineteenth century, many of today’s biggest life insurance companies had been formed. Aetna Life, Massachusetts Mutual, Metropolitan Life, New York Life and several others were all founded between 1840 and 1870. Union Central Life Insurance Company in Cincinnati was the first domestic life insurance company chartered in Ohio in 1867, and Cincinnati Equitable, the first domestic property and casualty company, in 1826.
Between 1850 and 1900, new trends in the workplace resulted in the development of accident and health insurance, boiler insurance, and fidelity and surety bonds. In 1911, another new idea — group insurance -was developed to provide blanket coverage for the entire work force of a company.
In 1898, the first automobile policy had been issued to a physician from Buffalo, New York. Wilber and Orville Wright had scarcely finished their epic 1903 flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina when the need for aviation insurance became apparent.
And here we are today. You can buy insurance coverage across the range of the alphabet - for acupuncturists, bungee jumping and country clubs to x-ray laboratories, yellow page publishers, zoological exhibit designers and just about everything imaginable in-between.
Death Notices
MARIA STUPNIK
Maria Stupnik (nee Skubic), 82, died Saturday, Jan. 27 in Gateway Nursing Center.
Maria was born in Grosuplje, Slovenia. She came to Cleveland in 1950. She was employed at General Electric Lamp Division for 20 years and retired in 1978.
Maria was a member of KSKJ Lodge No. 226.
Maria was the widow of Mirko Stupnik; the mother of Mary Stupnik Hurley of Framingham, Mass., and Joseph; grandmother of Katherine and Alexander Hurley; sister of Joseph and Franc, both of Stiona, Slovenia.
Funeral Mass was held Tuesday, Jan. 30, at St. Vitus Church. Burial was in All Souls Cemetery. Donations in her memory to St. Vitus Church Endowment Fund or the Hospice of the Western Reserve would be appreciated by the family.
Zele Funeral Home was in charge of arrangements.
Meeting
West Park Slovenian National Home, 4583 W. 130 St., Cleveland will have their annual meeting on Thursday, Feb. 15 at 7:00 p.m.
In Nursing Home
Fr. Max Sodja is presently residing at the Villa Maria Catholic Rehabilitation Nursing Home, room 2171, 1050 N.E. 125th St., North Miami, FL 33161.
The phone number at the Nursing Home is: 1-305-891-8850.
Difficult things to do
To admit guilt To break a habit To love an enemy To think logically To confess ignorance To grow old gracefully To persevere without haste To wait without impatience To decide without prejudice To suffer without complaint To know when to keep silent To be indifferent to ridicule To hate the sin, yet love the sinner To concentrate in the midst of strife To endure hatred without resentment To fraternize without losing individuality To serve without compensation, commendation, recognition.
BRICKMAN & SONS
FUNERAL HOME
21900 Euclid Ave.	481-5277
Between Chardon & E. 222nd St. — Euclid, Ohio
Events
Friday, Feb. 9
Dance at West Park Slovene Home, 4583 W. 130 St., Cleveland, 7:30 p.m. with Dan Peters.
Sunday, Feb. 11 Dance at West Park Slovene Home, 4583 W. 130 St., Cleveland, starting 4:00 p.m. with Johnny Vadnal.
Friday, Feb. 16 Dance at West Park Slovene Home,	4583	W.	130	St.,
Cleveland, 7:30 p.m., with Frank Moravcic.
Friday, Feb. 23 Dance at West Park Slovene Home,	4583	W.	130	St.,
Cleveland, 7:30 p.m., with the Casuals.
Sunday, Feb. 25 Dance at West Park Slovene Home,	4583	W.	130	St.,
Cleveland, 4:00 p.m., —	But-
ton Box Jammer.
Sunday, March 3
St. Vitus Holy Name Society, St. Vitus KSKJ No. 25, Mary Magdalene KSKJ No. 162 Goulash & Polenta Dinner, St. Vitus Auditorium, E. 62 & Glass from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. Adults $7, children $4.
AUTO DISCOUNT FOR AGE 55-
Friday, March 22 Ribniški Oktet concert, Slovenian Workmen’s Home, Waterloo Rd., Cleveland, 7:30 p.m. Admission $8.00. Sponsored by Slovenian Choruses of Cleveland. Contact Bob Klanchar for further information (216) 289-1227.
Sunday, March 31 Holmes Ave. Pensioners Club Dinner-Dance at the Col-linwood Slovenian Home, 15810 Holmes Ave. Music by Dan Peters Orchestra. Donation $12. For tickets call 943-3784 or 531-2088.
Sunday, April 21 St. Clair Pensioners Annual Chicken & Pork Dinner at St Clair Slovenian National Home, 6417 St. Clair Ave. Serving 1 p.m. Social until 5' For tickets call Stan 391-9761 or Ed at 486-0818.
Saturday, Sept. 14
Fantje na Vasi concert, St Clair Slovenian Nationa Home, 7:00 p.m.
Saturday, N«v. 2
Glasbena Matica Concert. Slovenian National Home.
In Loving Memory
OF OUR BELOVED HUSBAND, FATHER, GRANDFATHER AND BROTHER
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LUTCF Regional Ufe Council 4077 Clark Ave., Willoughby, OH 44094 Ph: 216-946-2040
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Joseph Kozina
Died Feb. 2, 1993
God watched you as you suffered,	,
He knew you had your sho He gently closed your ey#’ And took you in His care-Sadly missed by:	,j(
Amelia (Molly) Kozina-'*1 Mollie Kozina Vogel (dec.) daughter . Twins Anton Vincent an Andrew Joseph Vogel grandsons Joseph V. Vogel Sr-son-in-law u Sister and Brother in Ca° Remaining relatives in Canada and Sloven1^
"Our family Has ‘Been fCere
to Serve You Since 1903"
P" — Serving Slovenian Families for 90 jgars. —,
Grdina-Faulhaber Funeral Home
17010 Lakeshore Blvd. Cleveland. Ohio 44110
531-6300
For lonlwr ioIo
• coll Do* F oolOoOtr—Fooerml Director
Preplanned Funeral Arrangements Available
• Fadiitios avmumu« Ttvougnout Northwoot Ohio •	^
Roster of Organizations — Imenik društev —
ST. VITUS HOLY NAME SOCIETY 6019 Glass Ave.
Spiritual Director: Rev. Joseph Božnar, President: Charles Winter; Vice President: Frank Cerar (Slov.), Joseph Hočevar (Engl.); Rec. Sec’y.: John Hočevar, 1172 Addison Rd.; Treasurer: Lovro Milos.
Group Communion every second Sunday of month at 8 a.m. Mass. Breakfast-meeting following Mass in the church hall.
ST. VITUS LADIES AUXILIARY CATHOLIC WAR VETS Post 1655 President: Irene Toth; 1st Vice Pres.: Georgette Paul; 2nd Vice Pres.: Marcie Mills; 3rd Vice President: Patty White; Treasurer: Agnes Briscar; Ritual Officer: Irene Riemait; Welfare Officer: Helen Pisec; Historian: Mitzie Andrews; 1 Year Trustee: Mitzie Andrews; 2nd Year Trustee: Mary Babic; 3 Year Trustee: Rose Poprik. Secretary: Catherine Ostrunic.
ST. VITUS CHRISTIAN MOTHERS CLUB*
Spiritual Director: Rev. Joseph P. Božnar; Principal: Jeanette Polomsky; President: Gloria Yarmock; Vice-Pres.: Marion Rozman; Corresponding Secretary: Karen Matuszewski, 1015 62 St., Cleveland, OH 44103 (391-5907); Recording Secretary: Laura Trivisonno; Treasurer: Millie Odar.
General Meetings are held every first e nesday of the month, excluding July and August, at 7:00 p.m.
ST. VITUS ALUMNI Spiritual Director: Rev. Joseph Boži President: Daniel Reiger; Vice Presidt Josephine Perpar; Recording Secretary: Frar Nemamch; Corresponding Secretary: Dani Avsec; Treasurer: F. Raymond Gobec, 10 Wilson Mills Rd., Chardon, OH 44024 nh (2,6) J«-;«,; S* ..-a™ ^ Publicity: Frances Nemanich; Trustees: Mali erpar, Albina Pozelnik, Joseph Ze Auditors: Florence Hotujak, Marie Orazem Meetings are held the first Thursday January, April, July, and October at 7 p.m St. Vitus Social Room. Dues are $5 per year
BELOKRANJSKI KLUB
Presednik: Milan Smuk; Podpredsed: Matija Hočevar; Tajnica: Vida Rupnik, 1846 Skyline Dr., Richmond Hts., OH 44143, tel: 289-0843; Blag. Angela Hutar; 2 Zapis: Milena Dovič; Nadzorni odbor: Janež Dejak, Rezka Smuk, Danica Čemas; Gospodar Frank Rupnik.
ŠTAJERSKI CLUB,
Predsednik: Martin Walentschak; Podpredsednik: Edward Srok Jr.; Tajnica: Slavica Turjanski; Blagajnica: Kristina Srok; Gospodar: John Goričan; Pomočnik: Jože Simicak.
Odbor: Frank Fujs, Angela Radej, Cazimir Kozinski, Jerica Prelog, Tonica Simcak, Branko Senica. Nadzorni Odbor: Marija Walentschak, Angela Pintar, Angela Moser, Kristina Ferlinc, Elza Zgoznik. Razsodišče: Lojzka Feguš, Marija Goršek, Jože Rajšp.
SLOVENIAN AMERICAN HERITAGE FOUNDATION
President: Joyce Ann Hribar, Esq.; Vice Pres.: Anthony W. Hiti; Secretary: Dana L. Leonard; Treasurer: James E. Logar; At Large: August B. Pust, Dr. Rudolph M. Susel, Ann M. Opeka; Past Presidents: Dr. Karl B. Bonutti, Frederick E. Križman, Esq., Hon. August Pryatel, Dr. Vladimir J. Rus, Edmund J. Turk, Esq.
SLOVENE HOME FOR THE AGED
President: Sutton J. Girod; Vice President: Rudolph Kozan; Treasurer: Robert Klancher; Recording Secretary: Dr. Rudolph M. Susel; Corresponding Secretary: Florence Unetich; Trustees: Vera Candon, Mary Cermelj-Kovack, John Dejak, Anthony Hiti, Jean Križman, John Pestotnik, Richard Tomsic, Rosemary Toth, Agnes Turkovich, and Ronald Zele; Alternates: John Cech and Maria Štepec; Administrator: Dr. Anthony Rotolo; Assistant Administrator: Jeffrey Sas.
SLOVENIAN AMERICAN NATIONAL ART GUILD
President: John Streck; Vice-Presider atricia Habat; Rcording Sec.: Cheryl Pittar teasurer: Carol Cercek; Auditors: Ann Opek op ie Opeka; Membership: Mary Sell ar t eaJ’or^ Rodman; Sunshine: Mary Sell; Publit Hi. I °r'S ^adar: Newsletter: Patricia Haba Fede°rian: Em'lee Jenko: Heri*aSe: Doris Sada Stat rat,on Slovenian Homes: John Haba °ry ^Sent: Michael Perme.
sODBOR SKD TRIGLAV, MILWAUKEE
denf-'j1**3* ^eader; Rev- Dr. Jože Gole; Presi-ehak- ° e ^unovar: Vice President: Frank Men-Sggj. ’ Secrctary: Vida Docherty; Recording Janezary ^ar‘ja Kadunc; Treasurer: Slavko -Asst Cp Tr'8lav Par,t Manager: Jože Ornik; Cook- ark , tv,ana8cr: Janez Mejač; Kitchen Sagad- . ar'ja Kunovar; Bar Manager: Leon Direcfr?'. \SSI Bar Manager: Dan Mejac; Choir jan R n Mara Kolman; Sports Director: Mar-Krohn°ZI"a: Dele8ate for “Uspeh”: Helen GaU a’ ef)or,er for American Home: Alojz Vicki M Ut*'tors: Tony Limoni, Anne Sagadin, hir r, aierle; Judges: Ivo Kunovar, John Bam-D,c' Kathy Kaye
AMERICAN SLOVENE CLUB Vice p606 ^ro^n‘c> President; Emilee Jenko, Wa|d rCS'dent; Terry Hočevar, Secretary; Bertha Tr en’ Torres. Secretary; Agnes Koporc,
reasurer.
first regu'ar monthly meetings are held the stat h 0lU*ay °f 'he month unless otherwise at 7e^at Euclid Public Library, 231 E. 222 St..
1 P.m.
KLUB LJUBLJANA — OHIO
dolph Somrak: President; Frances dinmanich: V'ce President; Ann Terček: Recor-Sjj.8 Secretary; Steffie Segulin: Financial are pt3ry and Treasurer, 681-4131, Auditors ci Žnidar, and Josephine Comenshek.
^ Meetings held the last Tuesday of the °mh at 7:00 p.m., Recher Hall, Euclid, Ohio.
SLOVENSKA FOLKLORNA SKUPINA p	“KRES”
Z , redsedn'ci:	Metka Gobetz in Katja
nix ra^k’ Tajnica: Nadia Domanko; Blagaj-arka: Suzi Rihtar; Organizacija Družab-p0sti/Kostumi: Kati Košir; Publiciteta: Diana u8el; Odbornik: Ronnie Rus
SLOVENE HOME FOR THE AGED — AUXILIARY —
Co-Chairpersons: Genevieve Drobnič and Eleanor Pavcy; Treasurer: Emilee Jenko, 331 East 266 St., Cleveland, OH 44132-1502 (Ph.: 216—261-3427; Recording Secretary: Genevieve Bohinc; Corres. Secy.: Bertha Walden.
SLOVENIAN AMERICAN NATIONAL ART GUILD
John Streck, President; Patricia Habat, Vice-president; Cheryl Pittard, Secretary; Carol Cercek, Treasurer; Anne Opeka/Sophia Opeka: Auditors; Mary Sell/Eleanore Rudman, Membership; Emilee Jenko, Historian; Mary Sell, Sunshine Committee; Doris Sadar, Heritage Committee; John Habat, Federation of Slovenian Homes; Michael Perme, Statutory Agent; Patricia Habat: Newsletter.
Monthly meetings every third Monday, 7:30 p.m. at Slovenian Society Home, Euclid, Ohio.
SLOVENIAN WORKMEN’S HOME BALINA CLUB
President: Don Gorjup; Vice President: Stan Preslan; Recording Secretary: Joan Green; Corr. Secy.: Dorothy Gorjup; Cooks: Ed and Marty Koren; Auditors: Bob Brewer, Dan Pavšek, and Harold White.
The officers and members invite you to join the Waterloo Balina Club for indoor Balina playing. Membership is $8.00 a year, which includes several socials and a yearly dinner meeting. The alleys are open every afternoon and evening except Sunday. The only charge for playing balina is 25« per game per person.
The atmosphere is congenial, and the alleys are in top shape so stop by and enjoy a relaxing game at Slovenian Workmen’s Home on Waterloo Rd. For more information call the Hall or one of the above officers.
ST. MARY’S COURT NO. 1640
CATHOLIC ORDER OF FORESTERS
Rev. John Kumsc: Spiritual Director: Kathleen Spilar: Chief Ranger; Mary L. Jesek: Vice Chief Ranger; Jennie Jesek: Secretry; John Spilar: Financial Secretary; Vicki Skarbez; Treasurer; Alan Spilar, Gerry White, Hank Skarbez: Trustees. Dick Kuhar (838-1889) General Agent; Martin Hood: Youth Director; and Alan Spilar, Past Chief Ranger.
Meetings are held every 4th Tuesday of the month at St. Mary’s Baraga Hall, 15509 Holmes Ave., Cleveland.
THE AMERICAN SLOVENIAN CLUB of SOUTH FLORIDA
President: Ellie Meuser; Vice President: Ed Blatnik; Treasurer: Paula Beavers; Recording Secretary: Mamie Willis; Trustees: Bill Zupanc, Paul Tucker, and Frances Vraničar.
Meetings at 2 p.m., first Sunday of the month at Nob Hill Hall, 10400 Sunset Strip, Sunrise, Florida 33322.

BALINCARSKI KROŽEK SLOVENSKE PRISTAVE Predsednik: Lojze Mohar; podpreds.: Tone Vogel; tajnik: Feliks Breznikar; blagajnik: Tone Škerl; odborniki: Jože Bojc, Janez in Rezika Breznikar, Tončka in Janez Svigel, Ani Breznikar, Jože Marinko, Mici Mohar, Ferdinand Sečnik, Angelca Hribar; nadzorni odbor: Jože Sojer, Lojze Hribar, Filip Oreh
ST. CLAIR RIFLE & HUNTING CLUB
President: Richard A. Beck; Vice President: Edward Pečnik; Financial Secretary: Lonny A. Beck; Recording Secretary: Gus Babuder.
Mailing address: Mr. Lonny Beck, 76 E. 224 St., Euclid, OH 44123-1112.
DRAMATSKO DRUŠTVO LIUJA
Predsednik: Srečko Gaser; podpredsednika: Matija Grdadolnik in Peter Dragar; tajnica: Metka Zalar, tel: 943-3844, 2886 Istra Lane, Willoughby Hills, OH 44092; blagajničarka: Maria Maršic; zapisnikarica: Mojca Slak; programski odbor: Zdenka Zakrajšek, Mojca Slak, Matija Grdadolnik, Ivan Hauptman, Ivan Jakomin in Peter Dragar; oderski mojster: Slavko Štepec; Arhivar: Srečko Gaser; točilnica: Tone Štepec in Rudi Hren; kuhinja: Ani Nemec in Julka Zalar; reditelja Jože Tomc in Matija Hočevar; športna referenta: Frank Zalar st., in Frank Zalar ml.; nadzorni odbor: Viktor Kmetič, Stane Krulc in Frank Zalar st.
Za uslugo se Vam že v naprej zahvaljujem in oprostite nadlegovanju.
DRUŠTVO SLOVENSKIH PROTIKOMUNISTIČNIH BORCEV (D.S.P.B.) — Cleveland, Ohio Predsednik: Viktor Tominec (Tel.: 531-2728); Podpredsednik: Anton Oblak; Tajnik: Lojze Bajc (Tel.: 486-3515); Blagajnik: France Šega; Tiskovni referent: Lojze Drobnič; Nadzorni odbor: Stane Vidmar in Frank Kuhelj.
WEST PARK BUTTON BOX CLUB
President: William Ilersich; Vice-Pres.: Joe Novak, Recording Secretary: Mimi Stibil; Finance: Rudy Pivik; Auditors: Albina Capek, Mimi Stibil; Music Director: Joe Novak; P. P.: Albina Capek (888-1454); Members:	Ella
Samanich, Bill Zmrazek, Leona Nocifera.
Practice every Tuesday, 7:30 p.m., at West Park Slovenian Hall, 4583 West 130 St.
WEST PARK SLOVENIAN HOME 4583 W. 130th St. — 941-3224
President: Rudy Jaksa; Vice Pres.: Jim Warmuth Sr.; Financial Sec.: Jim Warmuth Jr.; Treasurer: Joe Lach; Recording Sec.: Robert Royer; Auditors: Albine Copek, Eleanor Cham, Teressa Natale; Rental Agent: William Warmuth. Meetings 2nd Thursdays, 7:30 p.m.
CATHOLIC WAR VETERANS ST. VITUS POST 1655
Commander: Steve Piorkowski; 1st Vice Commander: Robert Mills, Sr.; 2nd Vice Commander: Edward Mishic, Sr.; 3rd Vice Commander: Raymond Jasko; Adjutant: Thomas J. Kirk; Treasurer: Joseph Grdina, 6101 Glass Ave., Cleveland, OH 44103; Judge Advocate: A! Lipoid; Welfare Officer: William Lipoid; Historian: Anthony Grdina; Officer of the Day: Tom Tulloch; Service Officer: Robert Mills, Sr.; 3 Year Trustee; John J. Kirk, Jr.; 2 Year Trustee: Frank Ljubi; 1 Year Trustee; Joseph S. Baškovič; Auxiliary Liaison: Joseph Mismas; Chaplain: Father Richard Evans.
SLOVENIAN AMERICAN PRIMORSKI CLUB
President: Joseph Jenko, 1675 Oakham Rd., Euclid, OH 44117 (216 - 481-7432); Vice President:	Louis Cencic; Treasurer: David
Družina, 27125 Cameron Ave., Euclid, OH 44132; Secretary: Hermina Bonutti; Assist. Secretary: Lucy Colo; Board Members: Juljan Bremec, John Cendol, Mirko Klanic, Miroslav Gorjup, Joakin Mejak; Kristjan Sedmak; Auditors: Stefan Du,java, Danilo Manjas, Sabina Milavec.
Women Nearing Majority of Work Force
Women will approach a majority of workers in the next decade, but they’re moving toward that goal slowly.
New projections of the U.S. labor force show that the proportion of workers who are women will increase to 48% in 1005 from 46% in f994. But overall growth in the labor force will be only about as fast as growth in the general population.
Why is labor-force growth slowing? One reason is that women aren’t going to work as fast as they once did. The labor force participation rate of women increased more than 5% between 1982 and 1993. But it’s projected to increase less than 3% between 1994 and 2005, from 58.8% to 61.7%.
More than half of working women are aged 25 to 44. Tomorrow’s mothers will follow the pattern of returning to work soon after their child’s birth.
The biggest reason for the decline in men working is that men with low incomes and little education are having a harder time finding meaningful work.
The U.S. labor force will be dominated by middle-aged baby boomers in the next decade.
Men are much more likely than women to spend at least six hours a week exercising or playing sports, watching TV, and playing video games. Women are more likely to spend at least six hours a week studying or doing homework. They are more likely to spend one to five hours a week on household and child-care duties, student clubs and groups, reading for pleasure, or doing volunteer work, and talking with teachers out of class.
Women are also twice as likely as men to report feeling “overwhelmed” by all they have lo do.
Northern exposures
New Englanders eat 50% more potato chips than people in other parts of the country; nine pounds per year as opposed to six.
Wheww—more garlic
The U.S. produces 250 million pounds of fresh garlic a year, an increase of 100 million pounds over the last decade.
Work Out With Wolfgang
World-famous maestros work happily into their 70s, 80s, and even 90s notes American Fitness, a publication for aerobics teachers. The advice:
1)	Turn on your favorite concerto.
2)	Grab a baton (a pencil is fine).
3.	) Imagine yourself facing a full orchestra of 100 musicians.
4.	) Conduct vigorously for one hour.
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, FEBRUARY 1, 1996
12 Christian Democrats of Slovenia Political Review
The Christian Democrats propose an early election in Slovenia.
At its meeting on Nov. 20, the SKD (Christian Democrats) Steering Committee decided to propose to their coalition partners to have an early election in spring, rather than in November/December as scheduled.
In a letter that was sent to all parliamentary parties, Lojze Peterle, the Chairman of SKD said because of the endless disputes with Italy and Croatia and the inability of current foreign policy to solve the problems, as well as different economic reform views, and the new Government financial concessions to TAM company, SKD suggests a new election should be held as soon as possible for the good of the country.
So far, the responses to the proposal varied from JanSa’s explicit approval to the LDS rejecting it, but leaving space for discussion. It seems much will depend on the budget.
Above all else, however, it will be the decision of the LDS whether a decline in the popularity of DrnovSek’s government and party has already begun and who would benefit from the early election.
A poll in November showed 36.1% of the people say they believe the economy is worsen-
ing. Only 29.4 people still favor LDS compared to 32.5% in October, and 33.9 in September.
Not reaching an agreement with Italy and not signing the European Agreement in a few months might raise some doubts among the people, even though most Slovenians don’t want any “concessions” with Italy.
* * *
Left-winged majority says
NO to Church restitution.
SKD withdrew from participating in the Parliament discussions which proposed to ban the restitution of Church property, which has been nationalized after the Communist revolution.
Sk^e
ma
Slovenian Concert
The Ribniški Oktet from Slovenia will be in concert at the Slovenian Workmen’s Home, Waterloo Rd., Cleveland, on Friday, March
22.
Concert begins at 7:30 p.m. Admission $8.00.
This event is sponsored by the Slovenian Choruses of Cleveland (Circle 2 SNPJ Chorus, Fantje na Vasi, Glasbena Matica, Jadran, Korotan, and Zarja).
Defends Slovene Partisans
Editor:
Although I am of Slovene descent and have only been a subscriber to your newspaper for less than a year, I am puzzled by the increasing hatred generated by the articles and letters condemning the accomplishments of the Slovene Partisans during WWII.
Regardless of political/-religious differences, it is a documented fact that one of these accomplishments by the Partisans is the rescue and return to Allied control of 303 American airmen. This is documented in “Allied Airmen and Prisoners of War Rescued by the Slovene Partisans,” published by the Research Institute Ljubljana, 1946. A copy may be obtained from the Library of Congress, Cat. D805Y8,L5. I and my crew were included along with scores of others that I have had contact with in the last few years (Ref a), including the Air Forces Escape and Evasion Society, of which I am a member.
I also know that some of the opposition forces fighting the Partisans during that period, eg. Chetniks, rescued and returned to Allied control with assistance from the OSS (CIA) over 500 US and Allied personnel in August, 1944. Ref (b).
My question to readers of American Home/ Ameriška
Domovina is:	How many
American/Allied airmen did the other groups, ie, Domobranci, rescue and return to Allied control? I would like to obtain some acknowledgement from the Americans rescued (and not just hearsay, we tried but they were captured by (or turned over to) the Germans.”
It ; common knowledge that some degree of atrocities were committed by both sides in the “Yugoslav civil war” in the 1940s. From the USA perspective, “if our enemy is your enemy and you help us, we will help you.” Was this forgotten by the Domobranci? I spent almost six weeks in Croatia and Slovenia in 1944, escorted by the Partisans and evading the enemy (Nazis and collaborators) and never once observed or heard of any of the atrocities attributed to the Partisans.
By the way, I contributed to the recent Slovene Memorial Fund (Mozlju pomorjenim vo-
jakom iz Grcaric) but am not knowledgeable regarding the “murders” that were committed. I would welcome any dialogue based on facts rather than hearsay on any rescue and return of American airmen other than those referenced in this letter by Domobranci, Bela Garda, or other Slovene groups opposing the Partisans. As to my creditability, you may contact some of the Cleveland Slovenes such as Florence Unetich, Edmund Turk and Charles Ipavec who I met in Washington, D.C. in 1995 n| the Slovene Embassy and Pentagon.
John C. Rucigay,
Ballston Lake, NY Ref.: a) “Evasion & Repairin' tion, Slovene Partisan* Rescued American Airmen i" WWII’’ Edi SelhauSi Sunflower University Pres5, Manhattan, KS Ref.: b) Halyard Mission' Serbia (OSS Capt. Musuli11' Capt. Lalich)
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MORNING NEWSPAPER
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA (USPS 024100) Thursday, February 1, 1996
-Vesti iz Slovenije
Združena lista zapustila vladno koalicijo — Liberalna demokracija (LDS) in Slovenski
krščanski demokrati tvorijo vlado
Slovenska javnost je bila razburjena in tudi presenečena pretekli petek, ko je ena od treh strank, Združena lista (bivši komunisti), ki zadnja tri leta skupno tvorijo vladno koalicijo, napovedala odhod iz koalicije in s tem prehod v opozicijske vrste, kjer si bo delala družbo (čeprav ločeno) s Slovensko ljudsko stranko in Socialdemokratsko stranko Slovenije. Tako sta ostali v vladi le LDS, ki ji predseduje premier dr. Janez Drnovšek, in SKD, ki jo vodi Lojze Peterle.
Najnovejše poglavje slovenske politične scene se je pričel pretekli četrtek, ko je Drnovšek predlagal državnemu zboru razrešitev Maksa Tajnikarja, ministra za gospodarske dejavnosti. Tajnikar pripada Združeni listi in njegova stranka ni soglašala z njegovo razrešitvijo in seveda tudi ne z imenovanjem nestrankarskega naslednika. Gre za 41-letnega Metoda Dragonjo, ekonomista po stroki, ki je svojo poklicno kariero doslej opravljal pri podjetju Lek (od 1978. leta dalje). Postal je generalni direktor Leka leta 1988 in lani sta združenje Manager in revija Manager podelila priznanje »menedžer leta 1995«.
V ozadju Drnovškovega ukrepa ni le rajno sporno in tudi sumljivo ravnanje Tajnikarja v zadevah okoli mariborskega industrijskega velikana Tam (to podjetje je zdaj v stečajnem postopku), marveč tudi nasprotovanje Združene liste vladnemu predlogu glede usklajevanja pokojnin. Ta predlog naj bi denarno negativno prizadel več sto tisoč upokojencev. Tako s svojo reakcijo gleda Združena lista tudi na prihajajoče državnozborske volitve in računa, tako menijo komentatorji, da bo njeno zavzemanje za upokojence prineslo naklonjenost na teh voli-tvah. Mimogrede, izstop ZL iz koalicije baje ne bo povod za predčasne volitve, ki itak Morajo biti najkasneje do decembra letos.
'Formalno je predsedstvo ZL sklenilo, da stranka izstopi iz koalicije, na seji pretekli Petek. Stranka je Drnovškovo potezo komentirala po povzetku v sobotnem Slovencu takole: »Ta odločitev naj bi nešportno kaza-a na novo usmeritev vlade v vodenje brezob-mtne liberalistične gospodarke in socialne Politike.«
Drnovšek (z njim soglaša tudi Peterle, a nastala dvostrankarska koalicija do par-amentarnih volitev ne potrebuje za obvladanje večine v državnem zboru tretjega part-nerja) je reagiral na odhod ZL takole: »Združena lista ga je očitno utemeljila na dejstvu, da se začenja predvolilna tekma in da bo igrala na karto demagoškega pridobi-vanja predvolilnih glasov upokojencev tekmovanjem so začeli prezgodaj in
S
na
točki, ki je za državo zelo pomembno. Potrebujemo uravnotežene finance, ki jih je ZLSD s svojim pristopom podirala.«
Lojze Peterle je rekel o odhodu ZL iz vlade: »Žal mi je, da se to ni zgodilo že prej, ker bi bilo Sloveniji lažje.« Dodal je med drugim: »Odločitev Združene liste nas formalno ne zadeva, saj je separatno pogodbo s to stranko podpisal predsednik vlade. S tem dogodkom je postala politična slika Slovenije preglednejša, poleg tega pa odhod ZLSD v opozicijo narekuje drugačno koalicijsko kulturo in način sodelovanja med LDS in SKD. Poslej ‘prvi’ v koaliciji ne more več delovati ne na levo ne na desno, ampak mora delati vse v dogovoru s partnerko. To bo dobrodošla posledica.«
V	svojem komentarju v sobotnem Slovencu piše Ivan Puc, da med posledicami izstopa ZL iz koalicije in njeno iskanje volilne podpore pri upokojencih in brezposelnih bo ta, da bo ZL na volitvah res nastopala kot prava levičarska stranka.
»Borci« naslovili pismo na papeža
Preteklo soboto je Delo objavil članek z naslovom »Borci so pisali papežu«. Novinar N.R. opisuje vsebino pisma, ki ga je na papeža Janeza Pavla II. naslovila Zveza združenj borcev Slovenije. Pismo je izročil na sestanku 10. januarja z apostolskim nuncijem v Sloveniji predsednik ZB Ivan Dolničar. Nuncij je rekel tekom daljšega pogovora, da bo pismo dobil papež.
V	svojem pismu borci (gre seveda za nekdanje partizane) sicer papeža hvalijo, med tem tudi za njegovo naklonjenost pri obravnavi razglasitve Antona Martina Slomška za svetnika. Menijo pač, da je Slomšek res ogromno storil za slovenski narod. Izrekli so tudi zahvalo za vlogo Vatikana v prid Slovenije med osamosvajanjem in priznavanjem nove države. Nato preidejo v gotovo poglaviten namen pisma:
»Poleg povedanega borci v pismu opozarjajo papeža na nekatere dogodke v pričakovanju njegovega obiska, ki spodbujajo k razmišljanju, daje del predstavnikov Cerkve pri nas še vedno pod vplivom določene miselnosti in politike, ki sta bili pogubni za razmere v delu naše domovine med drugo svetovno vojno, ko je bila ob aktivnem sodelovanju nekaterih duhovnikov kolaboracija z okupatorjem predstavljena kot boj za verske vrednote.«
Borci nadaljujejo v tem duhu, ob koncu pisma pa papeža prosijo, naj bi nastopil proti temu »delu« duhovščine in tako omogočil, da bi bilo srečanje z njim v Sloveniji »zmagovit prikaz načel, ki so nastala iz najplemenitejših osnov evropske kulture...«. Zdi se, da bi si lahko »borci« svoj čas drugače uporabili.
Združena lista socialnih demokratov soglasno v opozicijo
Iz Clevelanda in okolice
Predstavitev—
To nedeljo popoldne ob 4h so vabljeni vsi, ki se zanimajo za potovanje (romanje) v Slovenijo ob obisku papeža Janeza Pavla II., da pridejo v šolsko dvorano pri Mariji Vne-bovzeti na sestanek. Zastopnik potovalne agencije TravelMax Boris Mušič bo razložil potovalni načrt in odgovarjal na vprašanja. Za več informacije, pokličite 692-1700.
Kosilo—
Slov. šola pri Sv. Vidu vas vabi, da se udeležite v nedeljo, 18. feb., mladinske sv. maše pri Sv. Vidu. Po maši ste pa vabljeni v farno dvorano na kosilo. Postrežba bo od 11. do 1.30 pop. Nakaznice dobite pri Lindi Plečnik (946-6847), pri Stanetu Kuharju (585-1360), in pri vseh starših učencev slovenske šole. Na voljo bodo tudi pri vhodu. Cena za odrasle je $9, za otroke $5. Žalostna vest—
Ga. Ani Breznikar iz Kirt-landa, O., je prejela žalostno sporočilo, da ji je v petek, 19. januarja, v Ljubljani umrla 59 let stara sestra Terezija Ivanič. Žalujejo zanjo mož Franc, sin Franci in hčerka Mojca z vnuki ter sestri Fani Požes in Marija Lesar. Pokojna je imela tudi tri brate, ki so že pokojni, dva od njih sta bila od komunistov pobita v Kočevskem Rogu leta 1945.
Novi grobovi
Maria Stupnik
Dne 27. januarja je v Gateway Nursing Center umrla 82 let stara Maria Stupnik, rojena Skubic v Grosupljem, Slovenija, v Cleveland prišla L 1950, vdova po Mirkotu, mati Mary Stupnik Hurley (Framingham, Mass.) in Josepha, 2-krat stara mati, sestra Jožeta in Franca (oba v Stični, Slovenija), zaposlena pri General Electric Lamp Division 20 let, do svoje upokojitve 1. 1978, članica KSKJ št. 226. Pogreb je bil 30. januarja s sv. mašo v cerkvi sv. Vida in pokopom na Vernih duš pokopališču. Darovi v pokojničin spomin St. Vitus Church Endowment Fund, 6019 Glass Ave., Cleveland, OH 44103, ali Hospice of the Western Reserve v Mentorju bodo s hvaležnostjo sprejeti. Pogreb je bil v oskrbi Želeto-vega zavoda.
Stanley A. Zaller
Umrl je Stanley A. Zaller, mož Elizabeth, roj. Estanich, oče Stanleyja, 2-krat stari oče, brat Sophie Champa, Franka ter že pok. Mary in Rose. Pogreb je bil 31. januarja s sv. mašo v cerkvi Marije Vnebov-zete.
Lilijina pustna zabava—
Dram. društvo Lilija vabi na svojo tradicionalno pustno zabavo v soboto, 17. februarja, v Slovenskem domu na Holmes Avenue. Vstopnice so po $15, zanje lahko pokličete F. Gaserja na 381-2602 ali pa M. Zalar na 943-3844. Za ples bo igral Stane Mejačev orkester.
Korotanci vabijo—
Pevski zbor Korotan vabi na koline na pustni torek, 20. feb. Zbor je bil povabljen, da sodeluje maja meseca ob obisku papeža v Sloveniji. Prebitek kolin bo pomagal kriti stroške, povezane s tem. Podrobnosti v dopisu na str. 14.
Zanimivi knjigi—
Slovenska pisarna sporoča, da ima naprodaj dve zanimivi knjigi. Ena je »Poletje molka« izpod peresa Mare Cerar Hull, ki živi v clevelandski okolici, in pa »Onstran samote«, zbirka spisov Ludveta Potokarja. Podrobnosti v dopisu na str. 15.
Ribniški oktet—
Slovenski zbori v Clevelandu in okolici so se združili za skupno sponzoriranje koncerta Ribniškega okteta iz Slovenije. Koncert bo šele v petek, 22. marca, zv. ob 7.30 v SDD na Waterloo Road. Ko dobimo več informacije o zboru (in ko bodo vstopnice v predprodaji) naknadno poročamo. Sestanek—
Obveščeni smo, da bo sestanek Ameriškega slovenskega kongresa v soboto, 2. marca, dop. ob 10.30 v prostorih School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University, Rm. 1510, 420 W. 118 St., v New Yorku. Člani in prijatelji lepo vabljeni.
Krofi—
Oltarno društvo fare sv. Vida bo imelo prodajo krofov v soboto, 10. februarja, od 8h zj. dalje, v društveni sobi farnega avditorija. Članice bodo prodajale tudi domače rezance. Pridite!
Lepa podpora—
G. Jože Kastelic, Toronto, Kanada,je daroval $65 v podporo našemu listu. Prijatelju in dobrotniku se najlepše zahvalimo za naklonjenost.
Spominska darova—
Ga. Josephine Tominc, Cleveland, O., je darovala $10, v spomin moža Franka.
Ga. Anna Cekada, Euclid, O., je prav tako poklonila $10, v spomin moža Josepha.
Darovalkama iskrena hvala.
Pekarna odprta—
Z današnjim dnem je zopet odprta Nosanova pekarna, tako v svojih prostorih v SND na St. Clairju in na E. 200 St. Oglas na str. 20.
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA
6117 Sl. Clair Ave, Cleveland, OH 44103-1627 Telephone: 216/431-0628 — Fax: 216/361-4088
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA (USPS 024100)
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James V. Debevec Publisher, English editor Dr. Rudolph M. Gusel Slovenian Editor
Ameriška Domovina Peririanem Scroll of Disiinguished Persons:
Bi Rev Msgr Louis B Baznik, Michael and Inna felich,
Prank J Lausche, Paul Košir
NAROČNINA:
Združene države in Kanada:
$30 na leto za ZDA; $35 za Kanado (v ZD valuti) Dežele izven ZDA in Kanade: $40 na leto (v ZD valuti) Za Slovenijo; z letalsko pošto, $160 letno
SUBSCRIPTION RATES
United States and Canada:
U.S.A.: $30 per year; Canada: $35 in U.S. currency Foreign: $40 per year U.S. or equivalent foreign currency $ 1 60 per year airmail to Slovenia
Second Class Postage Paid at Cleveland, Ohio POSTMASTER: Send address change to American Home, 6117 St. Clair Ave., Cleveland, OH 441 03 1 627
Published every Thursday morning
No. 5 Thursday, February 1, 1996
P. Vendelin Špendov:
Lemontski odmevi...
Slovenska šola pri Sv. Vidu vabi na kosilo
CLEVELAND, O. — Odbor staršev Slovenske šole pri Sv. Vidu vas vljudno vabi, da se udeležite v nedeljo, 18. februarja, dop. ob lOh mladinske sv. maše pri Sv. Vidu. Po maši ste pa vabljeni v farno dvorano, kjer bo na razpolago okusno kosilo s svinjsko ali piščančevo pečenko.
Postrežba v dvorani bo od 11. do 1.30 popoldne. Kakor prej- j šnja leta boste kosilo tudi lahko vzeli na dom (take-out). V tem primeru pridite v društveno sobo zraven dvorane, kjer bo kosilo na razpolago že od 10.30 dalje. Nakaznice so že v predprodaji. Dobite jih pri Lindi Plečnik (946-6847), Stanetu Kuharju (585-1360), imajo jih tudi vsi starši učencev slovenske šole. Na voljo bodo tudi pri vhodu. Cena za odrasle je $9, za otroke $5.
Slovenska šola pri Sv. Vidu že več kot petinštirideset let skrbi za izobrazbo otrok. V zadnjih letih se število otrok, ki obiskujejo slovensko šolo, dviguje, zanimanje za materinski jezik in za slovensko dediščino raste. Učiteljice in starši se z velikim srcem posvečujejo šoli in otrokom, požrtvovalno nudijo delo in čas, da je šola uspešna. Danes se šola obrača še na vas in vas prosi za podporo. Pridite na naše družabno kosilo v nedeljo, 18. februarja! j
Odbor staršev
KOROTAN PRIREJA KOLINE
CLEVELAND, O. — Pevski zbor Korotan je sprejel povabilo mesta Maribor, da v maju sodeluje na slovenostih ob obisku sv. očeta v Sloveniji. Poleg zahtevne pevske priprave bo to gostovanje povezano z velikimi stroški.
Na pustni torek, 20. februarja, pevski zbor Korotan vabi v farno dvorano pri Sv. Vidu na koline. Servirali bodo od 4.30 do 7.30 zvečer. Nakaznice za koline dobite pri članih odbora, bodo pa na voljo tudi pri vhodu v dvorano. Cena je $10.00.
S to večerjo si zbor Korotan skuša zbrati nekaj sredstev za kritje stroškov gostovanja, zato ste prav lepo vabljeni, da se na pustni torek udeležite kolin.	Odbor
Ludvik Burgar (1902 - 1996)
Glavni Marijin praznik tega meseca je Svečnica, Jezusovo darovanje, 2. februarja. Ko je bil po Marijinih rokah Jezus darovan, sta mu po navdihu Sv. Duha prišla nasproti starček Simeon in prerokinja Ana. Na besede starčka Simeona, da je Jezus »luč v razsvetljenje narodov«, se naslanja starodavni bogoslužni običaj blagoslavljanja sveč, odkoder je prišlo ime praznika: »svečnica«.
Lurška Mati božja je drugi Marijin praznik v februarju. Leta 1907 je papež sv. Pij X. vpeljal v bogoslužje spominski dan oa prikazovanja Matere božje v Lurdu na Francoskem. V tem kraju pod Pireneji se je od 11. februarja do 16. julija 1858 Marija osemnajstkrat prikazala pastirici Bernardki Soubirous.
Vsako leto na god sv. Blaža,
3. februarja, Cerkev kliče svet-
nika na pomoč zoper bolezni v
vratu in deli poseben blagoslov grl. Legenda namreč pripoveduje, da je bil Blaž najprej zdravnik, potem škof v Sebasti v Armeniji. Ob preganjanju kristjanov so prijeli tudi njega. Ko je bil pred sodnikom je prihitela vdova z edinim sinom in ter prosila svetnika, naj reši edinca gotove smrti, ker je požrl ribjo kost. Ker kosti niso mogli spraviti iz grla je fant trpel strašanske bolečine. Svetnik je nekoliko pomolil, mladeniča blagoslovil in zdravega vrnil materi. Blaž sam pa je šel v strašno trpljenje in mučeni-ško smrt, kar se je zgodilo okoli leta 316.
Pepelnica, pričetek 40-dnev-nega posta, bo letos 21. februarja. V bogoslužju nam Cerkev govori: »Ti Jezus, si posvetil post,/ ko si v puščavi postil se, /naročaš zdaj ga tudi nam / za zdravje našega duha.«
Zato nas ta dan duhovnik zaznamuje s pepelom v znamenju križa z besedami: »Pomni človek, da si prah in da se v prah povrneš«.
Povsod, kjer se zbirajo Slovenci, jih obišče tudi Miklavž z večjo ali manjšo trumo angelov in parkljev. Tudi nas je obiskal. Angeli so ga spremljali, parklji tudi, ki pa so se nekako potuhnjeno skrivali.
Božič smo imeli lep. Teden pred praznikom smo precej pomagali s spovedovanjem v različnih cerkvah. Župnik Sv. Janeza v Greenfieldu, Wis., je posebej zaprosil za enega od patrov, da bi rojaki imeli priliko opraviti spoved v svojem jeziku, za kar smo se radi odzvali.
Na sveti večer je gvardijan blagoslovil samostan (v Le-montu) in vse okoli. Ob 9h zvečer smo imeli »zgodnjo polnoficico« za angleško govoreče prijatelje in dobrotnike, ki redno obiskujejo jutranjo sv. mašo ob nedeljah. Pol ure pred polnočjo je zbor prepeval priljubljene slovenske božične pesmi. Pesem »Sveta noč« je uvedla v blagoslov jaslic in slovesno polnočnico, ki jo je daroval p. David. Po maši je celebrant navzoče povabil v Slovenski dom na okrepitev, da ne bi omagali na poti domov.
V cerkvi sta pred božičem jaslice postavila Martin in Julka Kacin in s pomočjo p. Bernardina namestila še ostale okraske. Lepo je uspelo. Za božično okrasitev je dr. Tončka Rozman darovala $100, nekaj pa Kacinova sama. Za okrasitev oltarjev in jaslic so prinesli rože še: Koresovi, Amonovi in Ada Debevec. Bog bogato povrni skrb!
Sneg nam je za božič prizanesel, naneslo ga je pa nekaj na Stefanovo. »Kolednike«, ki
so nas prihajali razveseljevat s petjem božičnih pesmi, smo pa letos pogrešali. Upamo, da bodo mladi z običajem nadaljevali.
V novem Kulturnem centru je bila prva večja prireditev silvestrovanje, ko je blizu tristo rojakov in prijateljev pričakalo in pozdravilo novo leto — 1996. Bog daj, da bi bilo srečno, v »Slovenskem domu« pa veliko kulturnih in družabnih prireditev!
Iz Slovenije je 13. decembra 1995 prišel kustodiji v pomoč mlad frančiškan p. Metod Ogorevc. Zaenkrat je določen za pomoč v Johnstovvnu, Pa., kjer bo imel možnost, da se izpopolni v angleščini in privadi načinu ameriškega delovanja župnije in apostolata. P. Metod je bil rojen leta 1965, v mašnika pa je bil posvečen leta 1992. Dobrodošel v kustodijo, p. Metod! Upamo in želimo, da se boš lepo vživel in da se boš dobro počutil med nami.
Bolni sobratje: V začetku decembra smo iz Johnstowna, Pa., dobili sporočilo, da je p. Bonaventura Borgola imel srčni napad (heart attack) in da je po ugotovitvi zdravnikov njegovo stanje zelo nevarno. Po nekaj dnevih se mu je nekoliko zboljšalo. Farani Sv. Terezije in Sv. Ane v Johnstovvnu skrbno molijo za njegovo zdravje. Upamo, da ga bo Bog o-hranil.
P.	Leonard Bogolin je že dalj časa tožil o bolečinah na levi roki, ki mu je v zapestju pričela močno otekati. Na sveti dan, na božič, so bolečine postale tako hude, da ni mogel več prenašati in smo ga peljali v Good Samaritan bolnišnico. Ko so ugotovili infekcijo so ga obdržali v bolnišnici. Upamo, da bo kmalu zopet doma.
V našem samostanu v Johnstovvnu že dolga leta boleha p. Rafael Straghisher. Stanje se mu je zadnje leto poslabšalo. Sedaj je navezan na posteljo in ne more več maševati. Nekaj let je maševal v sobi, ob sobotah popoldne ga je pa eden od faranov peljal v cerkev za spovedovanje. Sedaj moli in daruje, kakor sam pravi, svoje trpljenju Bogu po Materi božji.
Bolne sobrate priporočamo v molitev, z njimi pa tudi nas vse. Vemo, da mnogi veliko molite za nas in sploh za duhovnike in redovnike in redovnice. Zelo smo Vam hvaležni. Bog naj bogato povrne!
Kakor vedno, smo dolžni zahvalo mnogim, ki nam pomagajo na različne načine. Nekateri z ročnim delom, drugi v gotovini tako v pomoč listu Ave Maria, kakor tudi samostanu in cerkvi.
Ave Maria
februar 1996
Letna naročnina na mesečnik Ave Maria je S18, izven ZDA $22. Naslov je Ave Maria Printery, 14626 Main St., P.O. Box 608, Lemont, 1L 60439-0608. Ce Letite več informacije, je navedena tel. št. 708/257-2494.
Op. ur. AD: Po objavi tega članka v Ave Maria je p. Bonaventura Borgola 19. januarja umrl, v starosti 82 let. Pogreb je bil 25. januarja v Lemont u.
FLORAL PARK, N.Y. - V Syracuse, N.Y., je 21. januarja letos preminul Ludvik Burgar. Bil je dolgoleten član slovenske fare sv. Cirila v New Yor-ku in z bratom Vinkotom ter sinom Ludvikom ml. dolgo let eden izmed stebrov newyorške fare na Osmi.
Rodil se je v Ribnici na Dolenjskem 8. septembra 1902. Bil je tržan. Ribnica je bila takrat trg. Na njo je bil zelo ponosen. Po poklicu je bil obrt-nik-klepar in trgovec z železnino. V Ameriko je prišel iz Avstrije, kamor se je bil zatekel po zmagi boljševizma v Sloveniji 1945. leta. Tu v Združenih državah se je zaposlil kot delavec v kovinski industriji.
Pri cerkvi sv. Cirila je bil Ludvik zelo priljubljen. Bil je dober, delaven in dovzeten za vsakogar. Bil je družaben in je imel smisel za humor. Rad je šahiral in bil je prav dober ša-hist. Bil je tudi premočrten in klenega značaja.
Pred vojno je bil telovadec pri Orlih. Bil je v Bratislavi na Slovaškem na orlovskem telovadnem srečanju. Bil je član raznih društev in odra v Ribnici. V New Yorku je bil član fare in društva Najsvetejšega Imena Jezusovega. Imel je pristen odnos do vsega, kar ga je zanimalo. Vsaki stvari je šel v globino in bil globoko veren. Iz vere si je izoblikoval značaj, ki se je izražal v tenkočutnih opazovanjih. Bil je oster opazovalec in kritičen tudi do političnega tabora, ki mu je bil najbolj blizu. Ozkosti ni prenašal.
Zadnja leta je dolgo bolehal. Naglušnost in slab vid sta mu grenila zadnja leta življenja. Z vedno večjim naporom je sledil stvarem, ki so ga zanimale. To pa zato, da bi ustvaril čim-
bolj objektivno mnenje in se tako izognil krivičnim presojam. S trmo in voljo je odg3‘ njal smrt, saj je dolgo bolehali dokler ji ni končno podlegel.
Nedelja je bila za Ludvika vedno Gospodov dan in v nedeljo ni nikdar delal, tudi če je trda predla. Tudi v Ameriki ne. Med drugo vojno, ko so ga hoteli partizani aretirati, je vojaku, ki je uperil pištolo vanji iztrgal pištolo iz rok in v pred' vanju, ki je sledilo, mu je par' tizan prestrelil roko. V teo1 * fizičnem spopadu je Ludvik zmagal, partizanu je iztrgal pištolo iz rok in je le-ta zbežal-
Ludvik je bil krepko Še krepko v svojih osemdesetih letih, ko mi je pomagal preure-jevati kuhinjo. Kolikokrat je pokleknil, kolikokrat vstah kolikokrat se vlegel na tla, da je boljše zagrabil orodje. Spi"6' jel je vsak tak izziv. Skratkai Ludvik je bil čudovit in P° duhu velikan.
Za Ludvikom žalujejo žena Mimica, ki jo je imel nadvse rad, sestra Francka Žagar, hči Kati Sodja z možem Janezoflii hči Maruša, snaha Marija t®r vnuki Gregor, Marko, Sandi’ Tanja, Niko, Andreja in Si' mona. Žalujemo pa tudi mi’ ostalo sorodstvo iz Clevelan' da, Toronta, Syracusea, Mi*' waukeeja in New Yorka.
Naj mu bo lahka amerišk3 * * zemlja!
Sergej D6*0
Kaj se dogaja v Sloveniji Z Ameriško Domovin0 boste vedno na tekočem'
Prijat el 's Pharmacy
ZA RAČUN POMOČI DRŽAVE
OHIO. — AID FOR AGED '___PRESCRIPTIONS^^
PAVLE BORŠTNIK	Perry, Ohio
__VOLILNO LETO__
Izjava Slovenske škofovske konference:
Kje je partnersko sodelovanje in razmerje?
Slovenski katoliški škofje, zbrani na svoji 29. seji v Ljubljani 22. januarja 1996, smo zelo začudeni in neprijetno presenečeni nad mnenji, ki jih je o razmerju med državo in Cerkvijo dal predsednik slovenske vlade dr. Janez Drnovšek v pogovoru za sobotno prilogo Dela 30. decembra lani. Štiri mesece pred papeževim obiskom predsednik slovenske vlade trdi, da je razmerje med Cerkvijo in državo tako slabo, da »bi težko postalo še slabše, kot je v zadnjem času«.
Res so še skoraj vsa vprašanja med državo in Cerkvijo nerešena, res pa je tudi, da sta dve koalicijski stranki (LDS in ZLSD) pokazali za cerkvene potrebe in zahteve premalo razumevanja, da bi lahko prišlo do sporazuma. Res je tudi, da delo mešane krovne komisije še ni dalo pomembnejših sadov. Parlament je izglasoval nekatere zakone, ki so popolnoma obšli in ignorirali delo komisije, tako da se nekaterim njenim članom postavlja vprašanje, ali naj ga sploh nadaljujejo. V tem pogledu pogrešamo prav tisto, o čemer pravi vladni predsednik, da je zaželeno, namreč partnersko razmerje. Doslej so nam bile nekatere zakonske rešitve vsiljene in niso bile sad partnerskega dogovora. Res je tudi, da že več kot eno leto trajajo siloviti napadi na Cerkev, v katerih se njene zahteve prikazujejo kot zahteve po bogastvu in oblasti. Katoliška Cerkev ne želi nič drugega in nič več kakor tiste možnosti, ki jih za svoje delovanje ima Cerkev v vseh evropskih demokratičnih državah in katere bi imela tudi v Sloveniji, če ne bi bilo 45 let trajajočega komunističnega, ateističnega in totalitarnega režima.
Katoliški škofje prav tako odklanjamo očitek o agresivni politizaciji Cerkve in opozarjamo na dvojna merila, ki jih uporablja predsednik vlade, ko presoja nekatera dejanja posameznih članov Cerkve v bližnji preteklosti. Predstavniki in člani Cerkve so se shajali s skoraj vsemi strankami, tudi s stranko, ki ji predseduje vladni predsednik. Ni nobenega utemeljenega razloga, zakaj se ne bi smeli shajati tudi z nekaterimi opozicijskimi strankami in se pogovarjati o vprašanjih, ki so še vedno odprta in Cerkev že predolgo čaka na njihovo rešitev.
S svoje strani si bomo še naprej prizadevali, da bi odstranili številne predsodke proti Cerkvi, da bi svoje poglede pojasnili in predvsem da bi odprta vprašanja zadovoljivo rešili z demokratičnim in enakopravnim dialogom. Takšno pripravljenost in dobro voljo pričakujemo tudi od slovenske oblasti. Zaradi bližine papeževega obiska pa se nam zdi to še posebno nujno in je tudi v interesu naše države in njenega mednarodnega ugleda.
dr. Alojzij Šuštar, ljubljanski nadškof, predsednik Slovenske škofovske konference v Ljubljani, 22. januarja 1996
Viri za zgodovinopisje slovenskega naroda
Korespondenca patra Kazimirja Zakrajška
Američani smo pred dnevi slišali predsednikovo letno poročilo o položaju države in ta njegov govor je treba sprejeti kot začetni salvo letošnje volilne kampanje.
Volilci v Združenih državah se navadno »ravnajo po denarnicah«, se pravi, v skladu z gospodarskim položajem države. Letos velja to še posebej, saj proračunska bitka v Wa-shingtonu še ni dosegla vrhunca, kaj šele rešitve.
Toda letos bomo volili tudi Slovenci in za te volitve vlada v slovenskem zdomstvu verjetno večje zanimanje, kot za ameriške, pa tudi vprašanja, ki se pri tem postavljajo, so precej različna od ameriških.
Ministrski predsednik dr. Janez Drnovšek je v intervjuju za Delo, pred skoro petimi tedni (30. dec., op. ur. AD) ob koncu lanskega leta, govoril o Petih najvažnejših vprašanjih: o položaju znotraj vladne koalicije; o odnosih med Cerkvijo in državo; o slovenski zunanji politiki; o vprašanju sprejema Slovenije v Evropsko zvezo; in o splošnem gospodarskem položaju države.
Drnovšek je v pogovoru z Jankom Lorencijem priznal, da bi vladna koalicija razpadla že lani, če tudi v vprašanju proračuna ne bi prišlo do sporazuma. Pa je in tako ji je bilo življenje podaljšano. Vsaj za tri tedne, ali tako se zdi. Po tem pogovoru se zdi tudi vse bolj verjetno, da je treba ta Drnovškov intervju obravnavi kot prvi salvo letošnje slovenske politične kampanje.
Drugo vprašanje, ki pesti sl°vensko politiko, so odnosi med Cerkvijo in državo. Tu je a Pripomniti, da je ameri-s a Praksa absolutne ločitve ° eh, ustanov, v Sloveniji sla-0 Poznana, odnosno, da jo orda bolje pozna in zagovarja Pozicija (pač v lastnem inte-eso), kot pa opozicija. Drnovšek se pritožuje, da je r ^ ev Pričela odkrito podpi-* določene stranke in pro-aute, kar je po njegovem v
nasprotju tako s slovensko ustavo, kot z ustaljeno prakso v modernih demokratičnih državah - in potem pribije, da je klerikalizem v Sloveniji — nedopusten. »Če bo Cerkev skušala prerasti iz pastoralne in religiozne vloge v vlogo političnega dejavnika, ki se bo vmešaval v vse sfere družbenega življenja, potem bo to sprožilo - upor (revolt), pomagalo pa tudi Cerkvi ne bo.« Tako Drnovšek.
Napetost v koaliciji je že lani sprožila govorice in ugibanja o predčasnih volitvah. (V smislu obstoječega zakona, se morajo volitve vršiti pred koncem sedanjega koledarskega leta). Drnovšek je v omenjenem intervjuju izjavil, da bi bile predčasne volitve povsem neupravičene, ker jih običajno izvedejo države, ki zaidejo v politično krizo, take krize pa da v Sloveniji ni; vsako govorjenje o tem - tako Drnovšek -je zato samo poizkus ustvarjanja umetne krize, ki naj bi potem služila kot povod za zahtevo po predčasnih volitvah.
Zavrnil je tudi pomisel, naj bi bile predčasne volitve le izvedene, ker bi se gospodarski položaj do konca leta utegnil poslabšati, to pa bi gotovo vplivalo na razpoloženje volil-cev.
Slovenija je po njegovem mnenju vzor gospodarske in politične stabilnosti, zato bi bile predčasne volitve zgrešene, saj bi zanikale to gospodarsko in politično stabilnost.
Tudi kritiko svoje zunanje politike je zavrnil, češ da gre v resnici za kritiko zaradi kritike same, ki ustvarja ozračje prepirljivosti in vzbuja videz neke politične krize. Italija, ki velja za glavnega političnega nasprotnika Slovenije, pa to izrablja in sistematično prepričuje tuji tisk, da je Slovenija v brezupnem političnem položaju, za kar pa se nihče v Evropi ne zanima. Drug italijanski argument naj bi bil, da je Slovenija enostavno nedozorela in (dalje na str. 16)
Slovenska pisarna sporoča...
CLEVELAND, O. - Od celjske Mohorjeve smo prejeli pošiljko knjig in sicer: Poletje molka, avtorica je v clevelandski okolici živeča Mara Cerar-Hull. Pripoved avtorice, ko je kot mlada deklica doživljala grozo poletja v letu 1945, potem ko je bil oče-domobranec ubit, mati pa je z bratom odšla na Koroško.
Knjiga stane $30, za poštnino dodajte še $1.50.
Druga knjiga nosi naslov Onstran samote, avtor Ludve Potokar, vsebuje miniature, kratke zgodbe in novele. Besedila in dokumentarne fotografije zbral, uredil in spremno študijo napisal France Pibernik.
Ludve Potokar je nekaj let živel v Clevelandu, potem pa se je preselil v Kanado, kjer so ga v Vancouver ju položili v prerani grob.
Knjiga stane $40, za poštnino je treba priložiti še $2.
Naročila sprejema Slovenska pisarna, 6304 St. Clair Ave., Cleveland, OH 44103.
LV.
ZAHVALA
CLEVELAND, O. - Akcijski odbor za postavitev spominskega obeležja v Mozlju pomorjenim vojakom iz Grčaric, se najtopleje zahvaljuje vsem, ki so se odzvali naši prošnji in podprli to akcijo.
Prejeti darovi in prispevki rojakov v domovini so omogočili, da je bila prva faza že zaključena in je 15. oktobra lanskega leta župnik g. Marjan Lampreht iz Kočevja že maševal na očiščenih razvalinah kapelice Sv. Krvi v Mozlju.
Vaši darovi so dokaz, da tudi ti slovenski rodoljubi ne bodo pozabljeni, pa tudi njihova žrtev ne.
V kolikor bi še kdo želel darovati v ta namen, lahko to stori do konca februarja na naslov:
Slovenian Memorial Fund
Acct. No. 0170001180
Third Federal Savings
1132 Euclid Avenue
Cleveland, OH 44115
Akcijski odbor
Anton M. LAVRISHA
Attorney-at-Law
(Odvetnik)
18975 Villaview Road at Neff
692-1172
Complete Legal Services
Visit Our Slovene American Auto Repair Shop! NOTTINGHAM AUTO BODY & FRAME Frame Straightening Collision Repair Painting
19425 St. Clair Avenue Tel. 481-1337 Michael Bukovec, Owner
Pavel Fajdiga
Dne 11. januarja so v dvorani frančiškanskega samostana v Ljubljani predstavili osmo številko zbirke Arhivskega društva Slovenije Viri z naslovom Korespondenca Kazimirja Zakrajška, O. F. M. (1928-1958). Na predstavitvi sta poleg avtorja dr. Darka Friša sodelovala dr. Andrej Vovko in dr. France Dolinar.
Nova publikacija je nadaljevanje šestega zvezka zbirke, izšel je leta 1993, v katerem je zbrana korespondenca Kazimirja Zakrajška med letoma 1907 in 1928. Pripravil ga je mariborski zgodovinar in raziskovalec Darko Friš. Njegovo raziskovalno delo obsega tri večja področja: ukvarja se s preučevanjem življenja in dela slovenskih priseljencev v Ameriki s poudarkom na delovanju katoliške Cerkve v slovenski diaspori, zanima pa ga tudi izseljevanje iz slovenskega prostora. V zadnjem času je tema njegova raziskovanja politični katolicizem na Slovenskem pred prvo svetovno vojno.
Svoja dognanja je predstavil na več mednarodnih posvetih, razprave in strokovne članke pa je objavil v zborniku Dve domovini/Two Worlds, v tretjem zvezku zbirke Viri z naslovom Slovensko izseljenstvo, v Slovenskem koledarju, Šolski kroniki ter ameriški reviji
Slovene Studies.
Ignacij (Kazimir) Zakrajšek seje rodil 31. maja 1878 v Pre-sarju pod Krimom. Študiral je v Gorici, slovesno se je zaobljubil leta 1901, leto pozneje pa je bil posvečen v duhovnika. Leta 1906 je odšel v Združene države Amerike. V Clevelandu je ustanovil župnjio Žalostne Matere Božje. Leto pozneje so ga prestavili v slovensko župnijo sv. Cirila in Metoda v Lorainu, leta 1908 pa v New York.
Na otoku Ellis Island je deloval kot začasni član frančiškanske province Holy Name pri priseljenski' komisiji ZDA za newyorško pristanišče. Se isto leto je ustanovil Družbo sv. Rafaela za slovenske priseljence v New Yorku, bil pa je tudi ustanovitelj mnogih drugih katoliških društev.
Eno najpomembnejših pod-čij Zakrajškovega delovanja v ZDA je bilo časnikarstvo. Sodeloval je pri izdaji katoliškega političnega tednika Ameriška Domovina, ustanovil je časnik Ave Maria in politični časnik Edinost. V času svojega bivanja v ZDA je izdal več knjig: Abecednik za ameriške Slovence, Od srca do srca: Slovenskim Amerikancem v premislek, To-le vzemi in beri in spolnjuj, Katekizem za ameriške Slovence, Molitvenik za
(dalje na str. 16)
V NEPOZABEN SPOMIN Anton in Antonia Novak
Umrla 3. februarja 1990. Umrl 15. novembra 1970.
Večna luč naj njima sveti; naj počivata v miru.
Žalujoči:
Hčerki: Mary Petrič Olga Campbell, z družinama in ostalo sorodstvo.
— VOLILNO LETO —
(nadaljevanje s str. 15)
da ne izpolnjuje predpisanih kriterijev za vstop v Evropsko skupnost.
Drnovšek meni, da slovenska zunanja politika tudi na tem področju ni neuspešna in da je Slovenija še vedno na vrhu liste kandidatov za vstop v Evropsko skupnost. Sam je prepričan, da bo v kratkem prišlo do nekega preloma v tem vprašanju, napovedal pa je tudi, da bo izvedel referendum o vstopu v Evropsko skupnost, če bo cena zanj višja, kot bi jo bila vlada pripravljena plačati; zato se bo pač obrnila na državljane same.
O gospodarskem položaju, je dejal, da je zadovoljiv in da se v Novem letu odpirajo nove možnosti. Pri tem je opozoril, da je 7'/2-odstotna brezposelnost v Sloveniji še vedno za 3 odstotke nižja od evropskega povprečja in da imajo v Sloveniji celo formalno brezposelni ljudje določene dohodke. Mnenja je tudi, daje gospodarsko prestrukturiranje v glavnem zaključeno, in da bo sistem začel pravilno delovati, kakor hitro bo zaključen tudi proces privatizacije, ki se po njegovem bliža svojemu koncu. (Vse njegove izjave so citirane na osnovi angleškega prevoda omenjenega intervjuja v Delu, op. podp.)
Kot je to običajno v vseh državah, je treba jemati poročila o položaju države z določenim »zrnom soli«. Noben državnik ne bo v takem poročilu navajal negativnih postavk, ali, če jih bo, jih bo skušal omiliti. To velja za predsednika Clintona in gotovo tudi za slovenskega ministrskega predsednika Drnovška in njegove zgoraj citirane izjave na pragu leta 1996.
Dogodki zadnjih dni so pokazali, daje pri presojanju teh izjav > potrebno več kot eno samo »zrno soli«, saj nekatere
V BLAG SPOMIN
NAŠE LJUBLJENE SESTRE IN TETE,
NIKOLI POZABLJENE
Micke (Mary) Ivec
Ob tretji obletnici smrti
Umrla je 3. februarja 1993
Srčno ljubljena nam Micka, šla prezgodaj si od nas. Dobra, skrbna si nam bila, kako brez Tebe je dolg čas. Spomin na Te je naš zaklad, saj vsak od nas Te imel je rad. Žalujoči ostali:
Angela Hutar — sestra Nečaki in nečakinje v Ameriki in Sloveniji, ter ostalo sorodstvo.
niso v skladu s položajem, ki je nastopil, ko je odpustil gospodarskega ministra Maksa Tajnikarja in so potem vlado zapustili tudi ostali trije ministri Združene liste (komunisti).
Težko si je namreč predstavljati, da Drnovšek te možnosti ne bi predvideval, saj Tajnikarjeva zadeva ni bila nobena skrivnost, pa tudi ne grožnja ostalih komunističnih ministrov, da bodo izstopili iz vlade.
Cernu torej je govoril o »politični in gospodarski stabilnosti« države in o brezpredmetnosti predčasnih volitev, ko pa se zdaj prav lahko zgodi, da jih bo prisiljen razpisati? Kje se je zmotil v svojih računih, odnosno zakaj se mu je zdelo vredno tvegati nove kritične izjave o politični nestabilnosti države samo nekaj tednov potem, ko je tako kritiko zavrnil?
Korespondenca
(nadaljevanje s str. 15)
ameriške Slovence, Slava Mariji idr.
Leta 1927 se je vrnil v Slovenijo in leto pozneje prevzel v upravo cerkvico sv. Krištofa za Bežigradom. V Sloveniji je ostal do nacističnega napada na Jugoslavijo, potem pa prek Trsta, Rima in Lizbone odpotoval v New York. Po prihodu v ZDA je dosegel objavo spomenice Tragedija slovenskega naroda, ki so jo maja 1941 sestavili člani sosveta ljubljanske pokrajine. Pričala je o nemških grozodejstvih nad slovenskim narodom.
Leta 1945 seje zaradi zmage komunistov v »stari domovini« odločil, da ostane v Ameriki in nadaljuje z zbiranjem denarne pomoči za begigrajske župljane in druge begunce iz Slovenije, ki so začeli prihajati v ZDA.
Za objavo drugega dela Za-krajškove korespondence je Darko Friš zbral in uredil dvesto oseminšestdeset pisem in dopisov. Večina objavljenih dokumentov je nastala med letoma 1928 in 1958.
Pisec knjige je na predstavitvi dejal, da je del Zakrajškove korespondence v zasebni lasti in je bil njemu, kljub večkratnim prizadevanjem, nedostopen. Nekaj neobjavljenih dokumentov pa hranijo tudi v arhivu kurije frančiškanskega reda v Rimu; teh mu zaradi pomanjkanja časa in denarja ni uspelo pregledati.
Andrej Vovko je dejal, da je »zgodovina slovenskega izseljenstva tisto področje naše preteklosti, ki je bilo v dosedanjih raziskovanjih in objavah hudo zanemarjeno. Znotraj tega področja je bila iz znanih ideoloških diskriminacijskih vzrokov v matični Sloveniji sistematično zamolčevana in izkrivljena vloga Katoliške cerkve pri verskem, narodnostnem in moralnem ohranjanju slovenskega izseljenstva. Z objavo tehtnega besedila dr. Friša je bila ta vrzel, kar zadeva ZDA, odpravljena«.
Slovenec, 12.1.1995
Drnovšku so namreč politični opazovalci v Sloveniji in izven nje ves čas pripisovali neko »prebrisanost«, če je to pravi izraz, zato si je težko predstavljati, da bi ga najnovejši razvoj presenetil, če ga že ni sam insceniral. Ni namreč izključeno, da gre za dobro premišljen manever, ki naj bi že na samem začetku letošnje politične tekme razparal politična jadra - Janeza Janše. Ce pa to drži, potem imamo o-pravka s široko zasnovano iniciativo, v kateri Drnovšek ni edina postavka.
Sklepamo lahko torej, da bosta glavna tekmeca na letošnjih volitvah v Sloveniji Drnovšek in Janša in ne Drnovšek in Peterle, čeprav so bili njegovi krščanski demokrati doslej kritičen element vladne koalicije.
Ne da bi se spuščali v podrobno oceno njegovih preteklih akcij, je vendarle dejstvo, da opisuje Peterletova politična kariera izrazit lok navzdol: od ministrskega predsednika do zunanjega ministra, do navadnega člana parlamenta. Nekako vzporedno se je gibala tudi sreča njegove SKD, kateri je Drnovšek zadnji čas očital, da sicer vztraja v koali-
ciji, obnaša pa se kot glavna opozicijska stranka.
V določenem pogledu je bilo to točno in v določenem pogledu to ni bilo fair. Toda Peterle je vztrajal, da je bolje, da njegova stranka JE v vladi, kot pa da je tam ni, ker bi tako ne imela nobenega vpogleda v državne zadeve in še manj vpliva nanje. Vztrajanje v nek nenaravni ali neučinkoviti koaliciji zgolj zaradi soudeležbe pa je zgrešeno samo po sebi.
Za zdomske Slovence niti ni bistvene važnosti, ali so vse Drnovškove navedbe točne ali ne; zanje namreč še vedno obstaja vrsta čustvenih vprašanj. Nimajo sicer nobene neposredne zveze z dnevno politiko, bodo pa brez dvoma po svoje vplivala na razpoloženje občutnega dela slovenskih volil-cev.
Ce si priklicamo v spomin Drnovškova nedavna »srečanja« s predstavniki večine opozicijskih strank, in če bo iz teh posvetovanj in novega položaja izšla tudi neka nova koalicija, v kateri bo imela nekdanja opozicija močnejši ali celo prevladujoč položaj, potem se Sloveniji odpirajo povsem nove možnosti, s tem pa tudi aspiracijam zdomske
Slovenije.
Kakršnakoli že bo slovenska vlada, ki bo izšla po letošnjih kritičnih volitvah, bo morala upoštevati »nerešena vprašanja«, ki zanimajo zdomsko Slovenijo in dobršen del opozicije doma, ker »hiša, razdeljena zoper samo sebe ne more obstati«. Za reševanje teh čustvenih vprašanj pa bo potrebna zvrhana mera moralnega poguma na eni in bolečega potrpljenja na drugi strani.
Op. ur. AD: Avtor članka je v spremnem pismu poudaril, da je vsebina odvisna od poznavanja situacije do zaključka današnje redakcije. Morebitno dopolnilo, če bi bilo potrebno, bi torej sledilo v eni prihodnjih številk tega lista.
KOLEDAR
FEBRUAR
2., 3. in 4. — Slov. skupnost v
New Yorku ima smučarski izlet s tekmami v Ski Windham, NY. Informacija: Ivan Kamin: 718/424/2711.
17. — Dram. društvo Lilija
prireja svojo tradicionalno pustno zabavo v Slov. domu (dalje na str. 17)
V ZAHVALO IN LJUBEČ SPOMIN
JiML
1922	#1»	1995
Rij
Z globoko žalostjo, a vdani v voljo Stvarnika, naznanjamo vsem sorodnikom, prijateljem in znancem, daje po daljši bolezni za vedno v Gospodu zaspal naš nadvse ljubljeni mož, oče, stari oče, tast, brat in stric
IVAN (JOHN) CENDOL
katerega je Bog poklical k sebi dne 1. decembra 1995. Naš dragi je bil rojen 28. septembra 1922 v vasi Jevšček pri Kobaridu, Slovenija, v Ameriko pa je prišel avgusta meseca 1960. Pripadal je sledečim društvom: Slovenska pristava, Upokojenci Slovenske pristave, član direktorija Slov. narodnega doma na St. Clairju, član društva Najsvetejšega Imena pri Sv. Vidu, Ribnica št. 12 AMLA ter društveni podpredsednik, in Primorski klub.
Pogreb je bil 7. decembra 1995 iz Zak pogrebnega zavoda v cerkev sv. Vida, od tam je bilo truplo prepeljano na pokopališče All Souls, Chardon, O., in tam položeno k večnemu počitku.
Iz vsega srca se zahvaljujemo č.g. Jožetu Božnarju za darovano pogrebno sv. mašo, za ganljiv nagovor v cerkvi, za molitev rožnega venca v pogrebni kapeli, za podelitev zadnjih zakramentov, in za zadnje molitve na pokopališču. Globoko se zahvalimo članom in članicam društev, katerim je pripadal za molitev rožnega venca, g. Stanley Franku za lep nagovor in molitve, ter g. Avgustu Dragarju in upokojencem Slovenske pristave, za molitev rožnega venca.
Naj Bog stotero poplača vsem, ki so darovali toliko prekrasnih vencev in cvetlic, za sv. maše, ter za številne izraze sožalja. Prisrčno zahvalo naj premejo vsi, ki so se v tako lepem številu poslovili od pokojnika, se udeležili njegovega pogreba, molili za njegovo dušo, in ga spremili prav do groba. Lepa hvala dr. Milanu Pavlovčiču za vest o smrti našega dragega na njegovi radijski oddaji. Hvala g. Davidu Križanu in koru za lepo orglanje in petje pri sv. maši.
Najlepša hvala Zak pogrebnemu zavodu za vsestransko postrežbo in vzorno vodstvo pogrebnega sporeda. Lepa hvala tudi pogrebcem, ki so nosili našega dragega na njegovi zadnji poti.
Razposlali smo zahvalne kartice vsem, ki so se nas in našega dragega posebno spomnili, in za katere smo imeli naslove. Ako kdo take kartice ni prejel, naj nam oprosti in naj s to javno zahvalo sprejme našo globoko ter prav njemu namenjeno hvaležnost.
En mesec Te zemlje krije.	Nam pa žalost srca trga,
v temnem grobu mirno spiš;	rosijo solze nam oči;
srce Tvoje več ne bije,	dom je prazen in otožen,
bolečin več ne trpiš.	odkar Te več med nami ni.
Žalujoči ostali:
Roseanne Nikolovski, hčerka; Margaret Jurečič, hčerka; John, Jr., sin;
Ruth, snaha; Koljo in Vlado, zeta; Anica Golop, sestra; Vera Ivančič, sestra, Kanada;
Albina Cendol, sestra; Joe in Frank Cendol, brata;
Jennifer, Michelle in Christy, vnukinje; Christian in Albert, vnuka ter ostalo sorodstvo v Ameriki, Kanadi in Sloveniji.
Cleveland. Ohio, 1. februarja 1996.	•	-

Kanadska Domovina
DOM LIPA — OBČNI ZBOR
TORONTO, Ont. — Dom Lipa - Slovenian Linden Foundation - vabi rojake na letni občni zbor, ki bo v prostorih Doma Lipa na 52 Neilson Drive, Etobicoke, v nedeljo, 25. februarja, ob 2. uri popoldne.
ANICA RESNIK	Toronto, Kanada
OB KONCU LETA 1995...
Od Atlantika do Pacifika
...se še enkrat vrnemo k petdeset’etnici konca druge svetovne vojne in spominu slovenske tragedije. V septembru smo spet romali v Midland, k slovenskemu križu in skupno z romarji iz Slovenije, ki so potovali po Baragovi deželi, počastili spomin naših mučencev. Čedalje bolj izstopa iz vrst teh tisočev mučencev mučenec Lojze Grozde, ki je poleg škofov Barage, Slomška in Gnidovca resen svetniški kandidat. V stiskah in potrebah se obračajmo k njemu, da ga Bog pred svetom poveliča s čudeži in razsvetli temne čase njegove mučeniške smrti.
Cerkveno bogoslužje v cerkvi kanadskih mučencev je vodil ribniški dekan Maks Ipavec.
...Preko morja je priplula slovenska pesem, od Sv. Primoža ob Klopinjskem jezeru v zboru Danica, ki že od leta 1912 poživlja in ustvarja slovensko kulturo na Koroškem. Koncert 5. septembra v režiji Vseslovenskega odbora v new-lorontski dvorani sta obiskala tudi slovenski in avstrijski
Veleposlanik.
•■•Iz Domžal, po turneji pri ^ ovencih v Združenih drža-v^u* nas je obiskal in prepeval v 0r°ntu in Hamiltonu Dom-$Li komorni zbor, ki po v°ji kvaliteti in izvedbi nič ne postaja z zborom A ve, ki smo a pred letom poslušali. Po-e nost zbora je Tomaž Pla-
tr|Utlv!-k’ c’trar’ It* iz klasičnega asbtla ustvarja v srce segajo-
če melodije.
0ba zbora, posebno z mo-0cnim petjem pri bogoslužju, fedstavljata nosilce prave slo-venske kulture, ki temelji na fseanskih vrednotah. Priredi-e Ji septembrskega obiska so 11 Slovenski kanadski svet, JJevelandski Fantje na vasi, meriški slovenski svet ter ruštvo Slovenija v svetu.
•••Grozdje zori, trgatev je Naša društva zbirajo Miss toberfest, župani in župa-•N Po stari navadi slavnostno Prihajajo na Vinsko trgatev v naŠih letoviških dvoranah, 8°dci godejo, in na Zahvalno aedeljo mora biti na mizi pe-en Puran z vsemi dodatki.
V tem času so bili med nami sodelavci Radia Ognjišče iz jubljane s pevcema Ireno rČkovnik in Ivanom Hudni-°m. Z orkestrom Vesna iz elja so nas zabavali na trgali na Slovenskem letovišču. L oktobra pa so v režiji Vse-
slovenskega odbora v pomoč radijski oddaji Glas kanadskih Slovencev v newtorontski dvorani izvedli koncert modernih slovenskih melodij in popevk, med njimi tudi prošnjo k Mariji, pod geslom Imejmo se radi.
Na misijonsko nedeljo 22. oktobra so na Misijonski tomboli pri Mariji Pomagaj člani obeh župnij zbrali čez deset tisoč dolarjev za slovenske misijonarje po svetu.
Jesenski bazar 12. novembra v Domu Lipa je bilo spet srečanje s stanovalci, delavci in prijatelji te ustanove. Na vsakoletnem bazarju se pokaže ljubezen in žrtve naših žena, ki s prodajo ročnih del in peciva pomagajo starostnemu domu. Hvala tudi številnim prostovoljkam, ki skozi vse leto sestavljajo pomožno brezplačno delovno skupino.
Veselemu prekmurskemu martinovanju je sledil resni čas skupnih duhovnih vaj v Queen of Apostles Retreat House, ki jih je za obe župniji vodil lazarist č.g. Jurij Devetak.
V	začetku decembra je najmlajše pri obeh cerkvah obiskal sv. Miklavž. Za velike in male je njegov obisk lep domač praznik, kratek umik iz svetnega hrupa in nemira.
...Potem je prišel božič. Spet nas je č.g. Jurij pripravljal na dobro spoved, na praznik miru in ljubezni. Pri zgodnji božični polnočnici v obeh cerkvah so otroci uprizorili žive jaslice. Pri Mariji Pomagaj je prepeval dekliški zbor Plamen in članice nekdanjega zbora č.g. Zrneca. Pri pozni polnočnici in naslednji dan pa je nastopal cerkveni zbor. Na praznik sv. Štefana so pri Mariji Pomagaj peli mladi Slovenski fantje pod vodstvom Jožeta Oražma.
...Silvestrovo, zadnji dan leta. Mlajši polnijo dvorane. Pred mestno hišo stotine ljudi v žaru božičnih luči in zvokih moderne glasbe pričakujejo polnočnih doživetij, rojstva novega leta. Mnogi pa v domačem krogu prijateljev čakajo tega dogodka... Oziramo se v zadnje stopnice v pretekle dni, zahvalimo Stvarika za življenje in vse dobro, tudi za preizkušnje hudega. Prosimo Ga za mir med nami, v nas samih, za mir v svetu...
V	kroniko kulturnih prireditev zapišemo še nastop igralske skupine SIST, ki je z domačo veseloigro Pričarani že-
nin gostovala jeseni v Chicagu in Clevelandu. Slovensko gledališče pa je za zimsko sezono naštudiralo komedijo Zadnji tak mož.
Še nekaj: Pri Mariji Pomagaj smo 7. januarja poslušali božični koncert torontskega avstrijskega zbora Edelweiss, ki ima vaje tedensko v naši dvorani. Nekatere njihove melodije so zelo podobne našim. Tako smo skupno, vsak v svojem jeziku, poleg Svete noči peli še eno Marijino pesem. Bilo je izredno doživetje. Pri Bogu v Njegovi cerkvi smo vsi doma, vsi bratje in sestre med seboj.
V dolgih zimskih dneh, ko zunaj piha mrzli severni veter, prebiramo knjige Mohorjeve družbe, Družino Božjo besedo, Catholic Register, ljubljanskega Slovenca in polnimo fotoalbume s slikami in spomini poletnih izletov, romanj in potovanj ter delamo načrte za nove dni, za srečanje s sv. očetom v domovini. Bog z nami vsemi! In vso srečo v letu 1996!
KOLEDAR
(nadaljevanje s str. 16) na Holmes Ave. Pričetek ob 7. zv.
18. — Slov. šola pri sv. Vidu postreže s kosilom v farni dvorani. Serviranje od 11. dop. do 1.30 pop.
20.	— Pevski zbor Korotan
vabi na pustni torek v farno dvorano pri Sv. Vidu na koline. Serviranje od 4.30 pop. do 7.30. zv.
MAREC
3.	— DNU pri Sv. Vidu, KSKJ društvi št. 25 in 162 pri-rede golaž s polento kosilo v šolski dvorani pri Sv. Vidu. Serviranje od 11. do 2. pop. (Doslej je to bil letni zajtrk.) 10. — Misijonska Znamkar-ska Akcija pripravi kosilo v šolski dvorani pri Sv. Vidu. Serviranje od 11.30 do 1. pop.
22.	— Koncert Ribniškega okteta v SDD na Waterloo Rd. Pričetek ob 7.30 zv. Sponzorirajo slovenski pevski zbori v Clevelandu.
23.	— Primorski klub priredi
»Primorski večer« v SND na St. Clair Ave.
24.	— Dram. društvo Lilija
uprizori veseloigro »Trojčki« v Slov. domu na Holmes Ave. Pričetek ob 3.30 pop.
APRIL
13.	— Tabor DSPB ima spomladanski družabni večer z večerjo in plesom v Slov. domu na Holmes Ave.
21.	— St. Clairski upokojenci prirede kosilo v SND na St. Clair Ave. Serviranje se prične ob Ih pop., zabava traja do 5. pop.
MAJ
4.	— Slov. šola pri sv. Vidu
(dalje na str. 18)
SLOVENCI V KANADI...
V prvi letošnji številki verskega lista Božja Beseda, ki izhaja vsaka dva meseca v Torontu, Kanada, je bil opis pod gornjim naslovom delovanja slovenskih župnij po Kanadi. Vsako poročilo je zgoščeno in zanimivo. Nekatera poročila tudi omenjajo letne podatke, večinoma pa za prejšnja dva meseca. Mnogi naši bralci tudi imajo sorodnike, živeče v Kanadi, ki jih bodo poročila zanimala. Na koncu še nekaj podatkov o omenjeni reviji in kako se more nanj naročiti.
Ur. AD
Pri Mariji Pomagaj v Torontu
Takoj po duhovnih vajah v Mississaugi je misijonar g. Jurij Devetak predaval na sestanku Katoliške ženske lige ' v2L). Govoril je o dogodkih in težavah v Beogradu, kjer je v teh zadnjih letih župnikoval. Vse prisluženo s kosilom na prvo adventno nedeljo so članice župnijske KŽL darovale za nove svečnike in križ v naši cerkvi.
Tisto nedeljo popoldne smo se razveselili ob veseloigri Zadnji tak mož. Uprizorilo jo je Slovensko gledališče pod vodstvom g. Vilka Čekuta. Dobri gospod Vili je letos obhajal osemdesetletnico življenja. Ob tem jubileju prosimo Boga, naj ga nam ohrani še mnogo let!
Miklavž je spolnil svojo obljubo in nas obiskal tudi letos.
Duhovna priprava na božič je bila v naši cerkvi od 15. do 17. decembra. Tisto nedeljo popoldne, 17. decembra, sta naš župnik in gospod misijonar duhovno okrepčala rojake tudi v Oshawi. Zbranih je bilo kakih 70.
Slovo dveh duhovnikov —
13.	decembra nas je zapustil g. Ivan Jan. Na zdravnikov nasvet se je preselil v Dom lipa, da bi tam imel redno postrežbo in da bi mu z redno terapijo vsaj nekoliko pomagali. Pri Mariji Pomagaj je bil za kaplana 14 let. Ves ta čas je tudi pridno vodil župnijske in družbene finance. Radi se ga bomo spominjali in prosili Boga, naj mu vrne zdravje.
V nedeljo, 17. decembra, pa se je pri mašah od nas poslovil g. Jože Časi. Odšel je k Brezmadežni v New Toronto. V imenu župljanov se mu je za dolgoletne usluge zahvalil župnik Batič. Glas se mu je zatresel od ganjenosti, ko je govoril: »Sedem let ste mi pomagal. Bil ste mi prijatelj in vzornik. Nikoli ni vam zmanjkalo dobre volje in poguma. Gospod Jože, hvala vam za vse!« Gospoda Časla bomo pogrešali v spovednici, kamor je tako rad sedel in presedel nešteto ur.
Gospod Jože, naj vam Veliki duhovnik obilno povrne!
Po odhodu obeh gospodov je bil v pomoč župniku dodeljen g. Ciril Čarga. Naj prejme naš pozdrav tudi v Božji besedi!
In prišli so prazniki... Pri maši na sveti večer — cerkev je bila polna — so peli otroci in skupno z zborom Plamen pripravili prijeten sveti večer. Pri polnočni maši - imeli smo jo že ob 11. uri - je pel CPZ pod vodstvom ge. Ane Pregelj-Hughes in organista g. Jožeta Oražma.
V nedeljo, na praznik Gospodovega razglašenja, je imel pri nas koncert avstrijski mešani pevski zbor. Tisto nedeljo popoldne smo imeli še božičnico, ki so jo prvič skupno pripravile župnijska KŽL in udruženje vdov obeh slovenskih župnij v Torontu. Vilko Čekuta nam je s člani SG obogatil božičnico z božično zgodbo Zorka Simčiča: Leta nič, en dan pozneje.
Umrli so: Franc Abulnar, Jože Geiger in Pavla Trček, dolgoletna članica KŽL in Misijonskega krožka, navdušena prijateljica CPZ in dobrotnica duhovnikov. Gospod, daj vsem svoj mir!
Iz župnije Brezmadežne v Torontu
Biti kristjan pomeni, živeti iz vere in delati. Konec oktobra je Slovensko kanadska gospodarska zbornica pripravila v naši dvorani gospodarsko razstavo. Igralska skupina SIST je po gostovanju v Chicagu, Clevelandu in Montrealu imela pri nas še finale veseloigre Pričarani ženin. Skavtske organizacije stalno prirejajo akcije, da bi zbrale potrebna sredstva za lastno vzdrževanje.
Prišel je praznik Vseh svetih — in obiskovali smo počivališča naših rajnih in molili za njihov večni blagor. Duhovnih vaj, ki jih je vodil misijonar g. Jurij Devetak, se je iz naše župnije udeležilo 40 župljanov in župljank. Tečaja Svetega pisma v mesecu novembru se je udeleževalo od 22 do 24 mož in žena.
Na sestanku KŽL je policistka Olga Skok predavala o varnosti na cesti in v hiši. Namesto božičnice so članice KŽL na praznik Brezmadežne organizirale molitveno uro, tretjo adventno nedeljo pa so pod vodstvom ge. Milke Žunič pripravile zajtrk oziroma kosilo, nudile praznične potice in pecivo in tako zbirale sredstva za svojo dobrodelnost.
Župnijska diakonija je na tretjo nedeljo popoldne organizirala božičnico za starejše občane. Začeli so z evharistič-
(dalje na sir. 18)
Od Atlantika do Pacifika
(nadaljevanje s str. 17)
Prva številka »novega« lista na Primorskem
z NOVIM GLASOM v NOVO LETO
Na naše uredništvo je prispela prva številka združenega lista na Primorskem NOVI GLAS. Sledi tekst prvega uvodnika novega časopisa pod podpisom glavnega urednika Andreja Bratuža in odgovornega urednika Draga Legiše	Ur. AD
Ko stopamo v novo leto 1996, gotovo beležimo veliko novost v našem tisku. Pred nami je NOVI GLAS, ki povezuje oba prejšnja tednika. Katoliški glas in Novi list. Oba sta z božično številko utihnila, ni pa utihnil duh obeh, ki bosta naprej združeno prisotna v novem, večjem tedniku. Glas obeh prejšnjih časopisov se bo še bolj okrepil in razširil. Novi tednik bo skupen glasnik pričakovanj in teženj slovenske manjšine v Italiji, ki veruje v ideale svobode, demokratcije, krščanstva, slovenstva, torej v tiste stebre, ki so v bistvu navdihovali oba prejšnja tednika na Goriškem in Tržaškem.
Slovenski tisk v Italiji ima za seboj gotovo zelo bogato tradicijo. Na Goriškem in Tržaškem smo imeli svoje pomembne časopise že v dobi Avstrije, ko se je tudi med Slovenci začel širiti pluralizem idej in programov. Manjšinski tisk pa je danes posebej globoko zaoral svoje brazde v samo življenje našega narodnega telesa. Od nekdanje goriške Soče do tržaške Edinosti pa spet Goriške straže, Malega in Novega lista - da omenimo le nekatere najbolj znane »glave« zlasti našega periodičnega tiska. Drugi povojni čas je prinesel svoje. Prišel je tudi slovenski dnevnik - Primorski dnevnik -(nekaj časa smo imeli tudi dnevni Glas zaveznikov), ki pa se mu še ni posrečilo, da bi bil v resnici glasnik celotne slovenske narodne skupnosti v Italiji, kot bi se za naše manjšinske razmere spodobilo. Bogata je bila vsekakor bera našega tedenskega tiska: Slovenski Primorec, Demokracija, Teden, Katoliški glas in še Novi list. Takšna je v strnjeni obliki paleta naših tiskanih glasil, katerim se sedaj pridružuje NOVI GLAS.
Programske smernice novega tednika, ki smo jih zgoraj nakazali, so dovolj jasen porok in pokazatelj usmeritve našega tednika. To pomeni, da bo nadaljeval z delom prejšnjih dveh, kar je trdno jamstvo za vse naše bralce in našo javnost sploh. To je trdno jamstvo tudi za tiste slovenske kroge, ki so o sedanji pobudi podvomil* in so se morda ustrašili, da bo novo glasilo zašlo kam drugam ali na stranpota; da bo preveč ali premalo katoliško, da bo preveč ali premalo laično. Ti strahovi so povsem neutemeljeni. Trdno jamstvo predstavljata sam izdajatelj Zadruga Goriška Mohorjeva i'1 sestava uredništva novega časopisa. Izdajatelj ima s svojo slavno tradicijo in bogato zgodovino za primorske Slovence velikanske zasluge, v uredništvu pa je poleg novih, mladih imen vrsta piscev, katerih večdesetletno delo naša javnost dobro pozna.
Z globokim prepripcanjem, da bodo naši slovenski ljudje pokazali največje razumevanje za novo pobudo na področju slovenskega periodičnega tiska in jo tudi moralno in materialno podprli, v imenu uredništva in uprave vsem voščiva srečno novo leto 1996-ANDREJ BRATUŽ, glavni urednik DRAGO LEGIŠA, odgovorni urednik
Se to: Na tednik se lahko naroča na naslov: Zadruga Gorišk0 Mohorjeva, 34170 Gorica, Riva Piazzutta 18, Italy ali pa na 34 Trst, Ul. Donizetti 3, Italy. Celoletna naročnina je 90,000 lir ($W^ = ok. 1580 lir), po zračni pošti pa 110.000 lir.	Ur. AD
nim blagoslovom v cerkvi in nadaljevali s prijateljskim srečanjem in božičnim programom v d rani. Duhovno pripravo m -»ožič so imeli tudi ministrantje in mladina. Pripravo sta vodila gg. Pavle Novak in Janez Nosan. Šolski otroci so se na praznike pripravili z Jobro spovedjo.
»Razložila seje božja milost vsem ljudem« — Da, razodevala se je v praznikih tudi našim župljanom. Pri tem nam je že pred prazniki pomagal misijonar iz Slovenije, lazarist g. Jurij Devetak. Polagal nam je na srce, kako naj vsakemu dnevu damo krščanski pomen in vsebino.
Pri raznih božičnih programih in pri sveti liturgiji so sodelovali: Odmev Slovenije, otroci, ki jih vodi ga. Mojca D’Impero, Fantje na vasi pod vodstvom Naceta Križmana in naš vrli cerkveni pevski zbor pod vodstvom prof. Osana. Hvaležni smo jim, hvaležni pa smo tudi Gospodu Bogu!
Omeniti moramo še blagoslov družin na praznik svete Družine in prijetno silvestrovanje v župnijski dvorani.
Iz župnijske kronike leta 1995 — 35 krstov, 19 prvoob-hajancev, 28 birmancev, 22 porok in 13 pogrebov.
Odšli so — Silvester Bucik, 75 let, Stane Pleško, 72 let. Gospod, daj jim svoj mir in pokoj!
Iz župnije sv. Vladimira v Montrealu
Vsi sveti in verne duše — V nedeljo, 29. oktobra, smo se naših rajnih spomnili s posebno molitvijo po vsaki maši. Pokopališča in grobove smo obiskali privatno.
Martinovanje, koline, tombola — Vse tri prireditve smo združili in tako v soboto, 11. novembra, imeli prijeten večer. Ob 6. uri smo se udeležili svete maše, po maši pa napol-
V BLAG SPOMIN
Matthew Balazek
Štiriindvajseta obletnica
Izdihnil je svojo plemenito dušo dne 1. februarja 1972.
V miru božjem zdaj polivaj, dragi, nepozabni nam, v nebesih rajsko srečo uživaj, do svidenja na vekomaj.
Skupaj mnogo let smo živeli, slabe in dobre čase imeli,
Bog pa je hotel tako,
da Tebe prvo vzel je v nebo.
Žalujoči:
Žena, Verona ter ostalo sorodstvo. Cleveland, Ohio, 1. februarja 1996.
nili dvorano. Tombola z bogatimi in koristnimi dobitki je mnoge nagradila in razveselila.
Zadnji tak mož — Tak je naslov komedije, ki nam jo je v soboto, 18. novembra, predstavilo SG iz Toronta, pod vodstvom g. Vilka Čekuta. Seveda smo se od srca nasmejali. Igralcem in g. Čekuti smo hvaležni in jim čestitamo. Želimo še več usphov in ponovna srečanja.
Miklavževanje — Prvo adventno nedeljo je k nam prišel Miklavž. Po drugi maši smo imeli v dvorani kosilo in prireditev. Pripravili so jo naši mladi. Potekala je v dveh delih. Za uvod v kosilo so se otroci predstavili z deklamacijami in pesmimi. Kosilu pa je sledil igrokaz Dobrinček. Angel Dobrinček je prišel na svet in s komerkoli se je srečal, mu je odprl oči za dobroto in ga prepričal, da ta čednost osrečuje. Nato je nastopil Miklavž, obdaroval, opominjal in vsem priporočil, naj upoštevamo navodila angela Dobrinčka.
Duhovna obnova — Na vredno obhajanje božičnih praznikov nas je pripravil misijonar g. Tone Zrnec, urednik Božje besede. Ostal je z nami več kot teden dni. Z nagovori, kratkimi premišljevanji in z delitvijo zakramenta božjega odpuščanja nam je pomagal pripraviti pot za Gospoda. Govoril je o ekologiji duha s pomočjo božje milosti.
Silvestrovanje — V naši skupnosti ta prireditev seveda ne sme manjkati. Začeli smo z zahvalno mašo v cerkvi. Družabnost sta priredila cerkveni odbor in plesna skupina Rožmarin. Razpoloženje je bilo sijajno, kajti nikomur se tisto noč ni mudilo domov.
Iz župnijske kronike — V lletu 1995 je bilo v naši cerkvi 7 krstov, 4 prvoobhajanci, 5 birmancev, 4 poroke in 5 pogrebov.
Z novim letom se je naše župnijsko glasilo Oznanila prikazalo v novi obleki. Vabilo v sliki na prvi strani nas bo opozarjalo: Delaj in moli! Idejno ga je zasnoval in narisal g. Vilko Čekuta, iz Toronta. Hvaležni smo mu. Njegovi umetniški navdihi lepšajo naša Oznanila že od leta 1984.
Pri Lurški Materi Božji v Winnipegu
Mesto Winnipeg sedaj počiva v mrazu in globokem snegu. Zato imajo ljudje veliko prostega časa. Vrstijo se zabave, obiski, sestanki in druge aktivnosti, za kar mnogokrat ni časa med letom.
Naše Kanadsko slovensko kulturno društvo se je odločilo za volitve. V novi odbor je prišlo precej mladih moči. Naj navedemo imena odbornikov: Miha Zobarich, Stan Časar, Margaret Arneson-Slejko, Franc Šuštaršič, Marko Simonič, Stana Bolf, Joe Pinter in Toni Klajnčar. V dveletni dobi jim želimo sloge in uspeha!
Pred božičem je med nami
uspešno misijonaril g. Pavle Novak, od Brezmadežne v Torontu, naš župnik g. Tone Ov-tar pa je obiskal rojake v Thunder Bayu. Tamkajšnja skupnost je še precej močna, nad 60 družin. Prikrajšani so za marsikaj, ker nimajo lastnih skupnih prostorov, imajo pa lep prostor, poletno zbirališče. Ob obisku misijonarja se zberejo v kapeli župnije sv. Andreja, nato seveda zavijejo v dvorano.
Adventnega duhovnega sestanka se je kljub hudi zimski nevihti udeležilo precejšnje število thunderbayskih Slovencev.
Sveti Gregor Veliki v Hamiltonu
Za 10. september je župnijska KŽL organizirala romanje v Midland. 17. septembra smo obhajali župnijsko žegnanje, kjer seveda ni manjkala družabna prireditev. V oktobru smo pred vsako sv. mašo zvesto opravljali molitev rožnega venca.
15. oktober se je pri nas ustavila skupina radia Ognjišče. Društvo sv. Jožefa je 31. oktobra uradno odprlo družabne večere v sedanji sezoni. Imeli so imenitnega gosta, g. Mitja Štruklja, iz urada slovenskega veleposlaništva v Otta wi.
Za Vse svete smo na pokopališčih opravili molitve za naše pokojne.
Božič je nas duhovno prebudil. Prvi so se na praznike pripravili otroci slovenske šole. Za ostale župljane smo 18. in 19. decembra imeli kratko duhovno pripravo in spovedovanje. Pomagal nam je lazarist, g. Jurij Devetak. Prišel je od Brezmadežne v Torontu.
Pred božičem smo se odločili za obnovo župnijske cerkve. Zamenjali smo stranske luči in vso cerkev prepleskali. Obnovo luči in stropov je prevzel Mihael Štebih iz Toronta.
Mladi so vneto pomagali pri pripravi jaslic in krašenju svetih prostorov. Aranžmaje je, kot vedno, uredil Martin Glavač. Obisk polnočnice je bil dober. Župnik g. Slobodnik je v pridigi odpiral naša srca svetlobi Gospodovega prihoda.	S.K.
Poročilo iz Ottawe
Oglašamo se tudi mi, Slovenci v glavnem mestu Kanade. Povemo naj, da smo svete praznike skušali krščansko praznovati. Naš duhovni oskrbnik je slovenski župnik v Montrealu, g. Franc Letonja. Ni nas pozabil. Kot Gospodov duhovnik je bil z nami v nedeljo popoldne, 10. decembra.
Zbralo se nas je približno šestdeset. Po opravilu v cerkvi smo si veseli voščili praznike. Z nami sta se rokovala tudi slovenski veleposlanik g. Marijan Majcen in njegova gospa.
Vsem dragim rojakom v Kanadi in v širnem svetu naš pozdrav in želja za vse dobro v letu 1996.	L.O.
Tako kot A ve Maria izhaja Božja beseda izključno v slovenščini. Letna naročnina je
$20, naslov uredništva je: 739 Brown’s Line, Toronto, Ont., M81V 3V7, Canada. Poverjenika v ZDA sta oba v Clevelandu in sicer za župnijo Marije Vnebovzete: g. Rudi Knez, 17826 Brian A ve., Cleveland, OH 44119, za župnijo sv. Vida pa: g. Frank Kuhel, 1134 E. 60 St., Cleveland, OH 44103.
— Ur. AD
KOLEDAR
(nadaljevanje s str. 17) priredi materinsko proslavo v farni dvorani. Pričetek ob 6.30 zv.
26. — Društvo DSPB vabi na
spominsko sv. mašo pri Lurški Materi božji na Chardon Rd. Maša ob 12. uro opoldne.
JUNIJ
2.	— Otvoritev Slovenske
pristave.
15. in 16. — Tabor DSPB ima
spominsko proslavo pri Spominski kapelici na Slovenski pristavi. Maša ob 1 Ih dop. 16. junija, v spomin na pomorjene domobrance in za žrtve v času revolucije.
30. — »Slovenski dan« na Slo*
venski pristavi.
JULIJ
14.	— Misijonska Znamka1-'
ska Akcija pripravi piknik Slovenski pristavi, začenši s sv. mašo ob 12. uri opoldne.
SEPTEMBER
14.	— Fantje na vasi imaj°
koncert v SND na St. Clai1" Ave. Pričetek ob 7h zv.
15.	— Vinska trgatev na Sl°' venski pristavi.
26. — Društvo DSPB spon*®' rira romanje k Materi božji v Frank, Ohio. Sv. maša ob druge pobožnosti ob 2h poP'
OKTOBER
20. — Občni zbor Slovenske
pristave.
NOVEMBER
2.	— Zbor Glasbena Matica
ima letni koncert v SND na SL Clair Ave.
3.	— Ameriška Dobrodelni
Zveza obhaja 86. obletnic ustanovitve z večerjo in P som v SND na St. Clair Ave'
ZNANSTVENO POROČILO
Inštitut za novejšo zgodovino
Ključne značilnosti slovenske politike v letih 1929-1955
XIII. nadaljevanje
Slovenci v Federativni Jugoslaviji (1945-1955)
Mednarodni položaj v desetletju po drugi svetovni vojni
Leto 1945 pomeni poleg konca druge svetovne vojne z vojaškim porazom držav z nacionalsocialistično in fašistično politiko tudi konec t.i. antihitlerjevske koalicije, v kateri sta sodelovala oba ideolo-škopolitična nasprotna si pola (komunistični in zahodnode-mokratični).
Konec tega zavezništva je pomenil začetek t.i. hladne v°jne in blokovske razdelitve sveta, ki se je kazal že med v°jno. Medvojne napetosti so se dokončno prelile v jasna nasprotja že na jaltsko-krimski konferenci (4.-11. februarja 1945), ko so zavezniki že mogli govoriti o povojni ureditvi sve-ta s perspektivo skorajšnjega konca vojne.
Mednarodni položaj in razmerje sil sta bila ob koncu druge svetovne vojne temeljito spremenjena: Evropa je prešla zenit svoje pomembnosti, svetovnega razvoja nista narekovali več Velika Britanija in Francija, temveč ZDA in Sovjetska zveza.
Socializem, kot državna doktrina pred vojno odrinjen na obrobje, je po vojni predv-sem zaradi zmagovite SZ dobil neslutene razsežnosti, tako v vropi kot tudi drugod. Že ta-°j po vojni je zato prišlo do ekmovanja velikih sil, ki sta ^e*' 0sv°jiti čim več politič-ega in geografskega prostora. Novi velesili, ZDA in SZ, si ls a 1 prizadevali le pridobiti aterialne in ozemeljske kori-’> Pomembnejša je namreč 0stajala ideološka plat boja.
: JUn* 'Peresi so se prepletali tujj3 ^nžiščih« so izbruhnili 1 v°jni spopadi, čeprav se
na r'U Pokazal°- da je real-Po itika ohranjanja položa-Ja status quo«.
i. ^.azpadla antihitlerjevska
ra,H ,!ja jebila tudi fizično so e^ena s t-t- železno zave-> razprostrto od Baltika do sta. Ob njej so nastali trije membnejši problemi hladne jne v Evropi: nemško, av-tržaško vprašanje; e nji dve sta se neposredno otlkali slovenskih meja. ri- ^ Prvih desetih letih po voj-' Je bil položaj v Evropi in i elu ze dokaj jasen. Ideološka , P0*itična bloka sta že bila ^ ‘kovana, utrjena je bila 2e ezna zavesa«. Aprioristič-t K p°btično-ideološka dogma-,! a.je razburjala politično živ-Jenje posameznih držav. Deli-
Ja, ki hodu
a antikomunistična evfori-
saj so z reševanjem zavestno zavlačevali na obeh straneh.
V hladni vojni je bila Sovjetska zveza nedvomno država, ki je v povojnem času dosegla izjemen vzpon mednarodnega pomena; hkrati s tem je rasel tudi vpliv komunizma. Temelj hladne vojne in glavni razlog zanjo je zato postalo širjenje komunizma/socializma v svetu, predvsem še v Evropi.
Temu so se ZDA odločno zoperstavile s politiko poudarjenega antikomunizma, ki so jo izvajale z gospodarskimi ukrepi, s politiko zavezništva, oblikovanjem vojaških paktov. S Trumanovo doktrino (12. marca 1947), Marshallovim načrtom (5. junija 1947) in Eisenhowerjevo politiko odrivanja sovjetskega bloka (rollback) je postalo očitno, da nasprotja med obema blokoma ne bodo kratkotrajna. Med vidnejše odseve delitve sveta sodijo teritorialne in ideološke delitve Koreje, Vietnama in Nemčije z Berlinom.
Protikomunistično Trumanovo doktrino in njeno ekonomsko nadgradnjo, Marshallov načrt, je SZ sprejela izra-
zito odklonilno. Posebej Marshallov načrt je namreč povzročil resno razpoko v sovjetskem taboru in prvič po vojni so se pokazali znaki neenotnosti.
Zato ni čudno, da se je SZ še kar sredi prepira s svojimi sateliti o vsebini in namenu Marshallovega načrta odločila uresničiti idejo - o kateri je že leta 1945 in 1946 Stalin razpravljal s Titom - o ustanovitvi nekakšnega posvetovalnega organa, ki naj bi združeval komunistične in delavske stranke Evrope. Rezultat tega je bil konec septembra 1947 ustanovljeni Informativni biro komunističnih partij (Informbiro).
V socialističnem taboru so se kazale razpoke, ki jih je »hegemon« SZ lepila s prisilno enotnostjo. Strah pred razpadom socialističnega tabora je bil stalno prisoten in je bil vzrok za vse mogoče ukrepe - tudi sodno preganjanje »notranjih sovražnikov« - da do tega ne bi prišlo.
Svet je v tem času živel v vsakodnevnem stresu; zahodna in vzhodna politika sta izvajali propagandno vojno. To je bilo izredno nestabilno in politično živčno razdobje v svetovni zgodovini. Na vojaškem področju je »pat pozicija« omogočala relativen mir in preprečevala vojaške spopade širšega obsega.
Politični razvoj Slovenije 1945-1948
se je stopnjevala na za-(vrhunec je dosegla v ^akartizmu v ZDA), je bila Nasprotje agresivne »antiimp-Per'alistične« gonje na vzho-u- Najaktualnejši problemi Vrope se zato niso reševali,
S koncem druge svetovne vojne sta novi slovenski narodnopolitični položaj opredeljevali dve temeljni značilnosti: po eni strani je sodelovanje slovenske narodnoosvobodilne vojske v zmagoviti antifašistični koaliciji pripomoglo, da so Slovenci kot narod preživeli, kar je dvignilo narodno samozavest. Po drugi strani je bil konec vojne začetek novega obdobja revolucionarnega spreminjanja države in družbe.
Priključeno je bilo ozemlje slovenske Primorske, čeprav mejno vprašanje še ni bilo rešeno. Jugoslovanska armada in slovenski partizani pa so se pod pritiskom zaveznikov morali umakniti iz Trsta in okolice (Beograjski sporazum 12. junija 1945) ter z avstrijske Koroške (20. maja 1945).
Na političnem in gospodarskem področju se je v Jugoslaviji nadaljevalo že med vojno začeto odločanje iz državnega centra. Slovenija se je morala odreči nekaterim med vojno pridobljenim ključnim atributom državnosti (lastni vojski), slovenski organi oblasti pa so vedno bolj postajali izvrševalci politike, oblikovane v zveznih oblastnih in političnih organih. Temu slovensko politično vodstvo ni odločneje nasprotovalo.
Jugoslovanski politični in družbeni razvoj je v letih od
1945 do 1948 v veliki meri sledil sovjetskemu vzoru. Izkazovala pa se je jugoslovanska drugačnost zaradi zmage narodnoosvobodilnega gibanja v drugi svetovni vojni, zaradi relativno višje razvitosti, zaradi mednarodnopolitičnih okoliščin, razmeroma kratkega obdobja posnemanja sovjetskega modela in dejstva, da so jugoslovanski komunisti bolj upoštevali svoje izkušnje kot sovjetske.
Drugače so bili urejeni mednacionalni odnosi, izhajajoči iz avnojskih načel o federativni ureditvi večnacionalne države, enakopravnosti narodov, brez izrazite prevlade enega naroda, čeprav je sovjetska ustavna ureditev formalno na nekaterih področjih puščala več pravic kot jugoslovanska (pravica do lastne vojske in neposrednega navezovanja diplomatskih odnosov z drugimi državami).
Politične spremembe, začete v času osvobodilne vojne, so bile potrjene z razglasitvijo republike 29. novembra 1945 in s sprejemom ustave Federativne ljudske republike Jugoslavije 31. januarja 1946. V tem času je prevzela oblast in se kot edina politična sila utrdila Komunistična partija. Vzpostavljena je bila t.i. partijska država, politični sistem, v ka-
terem sta bili partija in država poistoveteni in sta dobili vlogo absolutno odločujočih družbenih dejavnikov.
Komunistična partija je izšla iz vojne kot zmagovita in edina politična sila in je imela v rokah vzvode zakonodajne in izvršne oblasti, vpliv na sodišča in kontrolo nad represivnim aparatom. Vsi družbeni segmenti, vključno z gospodarstvom, so bili vodeni na centraliziran način, pri čemer je imel vodilno vlogo politbiro KP. Večino vodilnih funkcij v Sloveniji (več kot 70%, ključne položaje pa praktično v celoti), so obdržali oziroma zasedali člani KPS.
Do leta 1948 in svojega 5. kongresa je bila KPJ formalno del Ljudske fronte Jugoslavije in svojega političnega delovanja ni formalno registrirala. Delovala je kot kadrovska stranka, ki je člane sprejemala po določenih merilih. Poudarek je bil na delavstvu, čeprav je prav v industrijskih središčih na Štajerskem zaradi
NOVI GROBOVI
CONDO FOR RENT
Condo, 1 bedroom, on Marcos Island, Florida. Available for rental anytime from Jan. to May, 1996. For information, call (1-216) 256-4528.	(3-6)
»sektašenja« bilo članov KPS sorazmerno malo (npr. v Trbovljah konec leta 1946 661 članov).
Stevjlo članov je hitro raslo: konec leta 1945 je bilo članov KPS 4.980, v začetku leta 1947 12.800, konec istega leta 24.100, novembra 1948 na 2. kongresu KPS, ko je bilo njenega vodenja politike predvsem preko OF in LF konec, pa je imela 37.960 članov in 7.700 kandidatov.
Osvobodilna fronta (OF) je svoj koalicijski značaj izgubila že med vojno, tako da se njena politična vloga in dejavnost ob koncu vojne ni bistveno spremenila. OF se je označila za »edinega političnega predstavnika za vso Slovenijo«.
Nove naloge in organizacijska načela je dobila na 1. kongresu OF v Ljubljani (Tivoli,
15.	in 16. julij 1945), na katerem so sprejeli program, izražen v razširjenih Temeljnih točkah OF. Član je bil lahko vsak državljan, ki je pristal na ta program in ki se ni pregrešil zoper narodno čast. Razširjena je bila z množičnimi organizacijami, kot so Enotni sindikati Slovenije, Antilašistična zveza žena, Ljudska mladina Slovenije itd.
(se nadaljuje)
V drag in ljubeč spomin
ob drugi obletnici, ko je po odločitvi Božje volje zaspal v Gospodu naš dragi mož, ata, stari ata, tast, svak, brat in stric
DAMIJAN ZABUKOVEC
ki ga je Bog poklical k sebi dne 4. februarja 1994.
Na tih večer le lučke sij za drag spomin nam zdaj gori, premnogih misli nima kraj, ko Tebe, dragi, ni nazaj.
Nazaj, le kdo bi vrnil čas, da spet začuli bi Tvoj glas, ubran z dovtipi, pesmi skladni — oživljajoč, kot dih pomladni.
Samota zdaj povsod domuje, ob mizici pa stol samuje, kjerkoli se oko ozre — bridkost privablja na srce.
Le v veri zdaj je tolažilo, ki nam prinaša izročilo: da spet pri Bogu bomo srečni, kjer novi čas nam bode večni.
Žalujoči:
Lojzka (roj. Koželj), žena
Lojzi Frank, Mitzi Sejnowski in Michele Alter, hčere Larry, Tom in Scott, zetje Danny, Gregory, Michael, Laura, T.D., Jessica in Scotty, vnuki in vnukinje Nežka Tomc, svakinja z družino Jože in Lojze Koželj, svaka z družinama, Toronto in ostalo sorodstvo v Ameriki, Kanadi in Sloveniji
Misijonska srečanja in pomenki
1117. Največji skupini slovenskih misijonarjev
(22) na rumenom otoku Madagaskar, kjer delujejo že dolga leta slovenski lazaristi, s svetnimi duhovniki iz slovenskih škofij in številnimi usmiljenkami ter laičnimi misijonarkami ter misijonarji, smo poslali v skupnem čeku usmiljenki s. Ceciliji Prebil v Pariz, Francija, $14.255, za naslednje:
Po $500 duhovnikom Jožetu Adamiču, Roku Gajšku, Tonetu Kerinu, Janezu Krmelju, Francu Mihelčiču, dr. Janezu Puhanu, ki je sedaj nasledil g. Buha kot generalni vikar škofije, Klemenu Slokarju in usmiljenkam s. Marjeti Mrhar, s. Tereziji Pavlič in s. Amandi Potočnik.
G. Franc Buh je dobil $550 ($50 od družine Antona in Marice Lavriša posebej).
G. Lojze Letonja in njegov brat, laični misijonar Jože, vsak po $500 in dodatni dar njihovega brata župnika Franceta Letonje v Montrealu, kan. $1000 (US $715), ki si ga naj razdelita za svoje delokroge. Dar je dal piscu teh člankov v oktobru g. Franc in sem ga odločil poslati njima.
G. Pedro Opeka je dobil $550 ($50 posebej od družine Mirota in Mari Celestina).
Sestra Marija Pavlišič je prejela $940 (posebej $250 od Ne-via Avžlahar, za lačne otroke in matere na Madagaskarju; A.B. $150 za vse slovenske mi-sjonarje(-ke) na otoku; Marije Cugelj in Caroline Kucher, od vsake $20 za lačne otroke in matere). Njen dar od MZA 1995 je bil enako $500.
Dr. Sonji Mask smo poslali
$1000 ($500 od Don Vičiča iz Vancouverja in njegove 97-letne dobre matre Rose Vičič v Clevelandu, za uboge matere in otroke. Ga. dr. Mask piše v zahvali predsednici Tusharje-vi, da je želela ostati še za eno leto, da bi izpolnila misijonsko poslanstvo 10 let, a je spoznala, da je božja volja drugačna
in se bo vrnila za Veliko noč 1996 za stalno domov.
V pismu dodaja: »Zahvaljujem se Vam za dolgoletno pošiljanje MSIP. Vam in vsem sodelavcem v MZA želim globoko doživetje božičnih skrivnosti ter zdravja in misijonske gorečnosti v letu 1996. Prejmite vroč misijonski pozdrav,
Sonja.«
Pismo je bilo oddano 13. decembra 1995. Njena dolgoletna prijateljica in sošolka Sonja Ferjanova, ki si je zelo želela na ponovno vabilo dr. M., obiskati jo v misijonih, tako ne bo tega doživela. Se bosta pa v Ljubljani lahko veliko še o misijonskih izkušnjah pogovorili. Obe vse življenje gorita za misijonsko Cerkev.
Vsi laični misijonarji na Madagaskarju so dobili vsak po $250: Ana Golob, Polona Gorjup, Ana Rožac, Helena Škrabec in Emil Urbančič (iz Argentine).
G. Janezu Puhanu, ki se je že oglasil z zahvalo, smo poslali naknadno spet $200 US, dar družine Marije in Vida Rovanšek iz Sudburyja, Ontario, ko sta čitala o njegovem trenutnem novem načrtu gradnje v Misijonskih Obzorjih za božič. G. Puhan 26. decembra sporoča, da so se po 3 letih ravnokar vrnili Polona Gorjup, Ana Golob in Emil Urbančič v zaledje.
Usmiljenki s. Ceciliji Prebil, glavni zakristanki za različne jezike v kapeli Čudodelne svetinje na Rue du Bac v Parizu, smo poslali $500, za njeno delo in stalno sodelovanje z misijonarji(-kami) na Madagaskarju. Mnogokrat jim po njihovem naročilu kupuje v Franciji, kar potrebujejo in jim pošlje na otok. Francoske usmiljenke in lazaristi imajo z Madagaskarjem pogostne stike.
Zaradi zagotovljenega stika z vsakim posameznikom v različnih misijonih, letos nismo
pošiljali božičnega pisma posameznikom na njihove naslove, ampak za vsakega vsa pisma v eni kuverti g. Puhanu za misijonarje in moške laike ter s. Mariji Pavlišič za vse usmiljenke in laične dekliške moči. Tako upamo, da so okrog božiča, ko se včasih vsi skupaj tudi srečajo, vsi dobili MZA pismo in veselo sporočilo o našem sodelovanju in njim poslane pomoči. To s prošnjo, da se kaj oglasijo od časa do časa za naše sodelavce v zaledju, kar v MSIP radi objavimo, če je za vse zanimivo ali vzpodbudno. G. Puhan bi rad dobival Ameriško Domovino in MSIP.
Lazaristu Ivanu Stanta, ki deluje v italijanski škofiji lazaristov na Madagaskarju, smo $500 MZA pomoč poslali, s pismom vred, direktno na njegov naslov. Misijonarju Jožetu Šdmen v Zaire smo poslali $500, preko lazaristov v Lou-vainu, Belgija, kot zaradi varnosti že vsa leta sam želi.
V Slovencu smo decembra opazili zahvalo laika Ivota Čerček iz Maribora, ki se zahvaljuje v ‘Klicu Dobrote’ raznim ustanovam, za poslano jim pomoč v misijon Mooto, Zaire, kjer pastiruje g. Šdmen. Če on deluje z g. Jožetom, mu bo MZA, čim preverimo potrebno informacijo, poslala za leto 1995 $250, kot drugim laičnim močem.
Zambijskim jezuitom in laičnim misijonarjem (14)
smo poslali pomoč preko njihove torontske sodelavke ge. Francke Ziernfeld, v čeku za US $5250, na ime o. Jožeta Grošlja, ki ga osebno poznam izza časa, ko je v Torontu kon-čaval svoje študije in bil v maš-nika posvečen, pred odhodom v Zambijo. Njemu smo poslali tudi za vsakega v njihovem delokrogu osebno božično pismo in veselo sporočilo o letni pomoči MZA. O. Grošelj je zbolel na neki vrsti parazita, a se je spet okrepil in pozdravil.
Po $500 so dobili naslednji: gg. Jože Grošelj, Janez Mla-


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continued support to Ohio education.	October. 1995, oewi
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regional offices, technical training, and an agent

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KEY
kar, Janez Mujdrica (trenutno še pri študiju v Angliji, ki je bil poleti na obisku v Torontu), Lojzetu Podgrajšku, Stankotu Rozmanu, Radkotu Rudežu, Lovretu Tomažinu in br. Jožetu Rovtarju, ki je pred leti lepo pošiljal rabljene znamke za MZA.
V Nangomo smo petim laičnim misijonarjem namenili vsakemt po $250: Klement Paljk (mizar), Andrej Otto (mizar), Edvin Šrobl (električar), Kristina Leskovec (šivilja), Katarina Ferjančič (šivilja; za njen poklic glej MSIP 1112), in Marija Anžič, o kateri smo bili šele informirani, da je agronominja, bo dobila v kratkem, ker je ček pri ge. Tu-shar že naročen.
Skozi celo leto čimbolj sproti
pošiljamo pomoč posameznikom ali posameznicam, ki jim kdo kaj v pomoč pošlje, da ne čakamo na konec leta. Razdelitev ob božiču pa vedno upošteva lahko višino zbrane pomoči in temu primerno napravimo razdelitev.
Z ozirom na razloge, dane v prejšnjih, nedavnih MSIP, bomo letos in v bodoče lahko pomagali posameznikom na
misijonskem terenu z večjimi vsotami pomoči, v kolikor s svojim sodelovanjem vsa leta MZA rasti k temu na kak poseben način pripomorejo. S to prakso smo letos že začeli lahko zaradi manj pomoči bogo-slovski akciji v Afriki, kjer so trije podpirani diakoni v Keniji 6. januarja postali mašniki. Rev. Charles Wolbang CM St. Joseph’s Seminary 65 Mapleton Rd. p.o. Box 807 Plainsboro, NJ 08536-0807 Telefon: 609-520-8839 Fax: 609-452-2851
Joseph L. FORTUNA
POGREBNI ZAVOD 5316 Fleet Ave. 641-0046
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— HVALA LEPA —
Vladimir M. Rus Attorney - Odvetnik
6411 St. Clair (Slovenian National Home) 391-4000
Zele Funeral Home
MEMORIAL CHAPEL
LOCATED AT
452 E. 152 Street	Phone 481-3118
Family owned and operated since 1908