DE GRUYTER
OPEN
HACQUETIA 14/2 • 2015, 175-247
DOI: 10.1515/hacq-2015-0001
PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF OSTRYA CARPINIFOLIA AND FRAXINUS ORNUS COMMUNITIES IN THE JULIAN ALPS AND IN THE NORTHERN PART OF THE DINARIC ALPS (NW AND W SLOVENIA, NE ITALY)
Igor DAKSKOBLER1
Abstract
Based on comparisons between similar communities in northeastern Italy, southern Austria, central and southeastern Slovenia, and western Croatia, we classified black hornbeam and flowering ash phytocoenoses on steep rocky sites in the beech forest belt in northwestern and western Slovenia into the association Fraxinio orni-Ostryetum Aichinger 1933 and described its new subassociation -phyteumatetosum columnae in the foothills of the Julian Alps and in the northern part of the Dinaric Alps. Black hornbeam and flowering ash stands on steep shady slopes with a higher proportion of diagnostic species of beech and spruce forests are classified into the new association Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum Franz ex Dakskobler, ass. nov. hoc loco, new subassociation -mercurialietosum perennis and the provisional variant var. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus whose stands are floristi-cally rather similar to the stands of the association Hemerocallido-Ostryetum.
Key words: phytosociology, synsystematics, Fraxino orni-Ostryion, Fraxino orni-Ostryetum, Rhododendro hirsuti--Ostryetum, Julian Alps, Trnovski gozd plateau, Slovenia, Italy.
Izvleček
Na podlagi primerjav s podobnimi združbami v severovzhodni Italiji, južni Avstriji, osrednji in jugovzhodni Sloveniji ter zahodni Hrvaški smo fitocenoze črnega gabra in malega jesena na strmih skalnatih rastiščih v pasu bukovih gozdov v severozahodni in zahodni Sloveniji uvrstili v asociacijo Fraxinio orni-Ostryetum Aichinger 1933 in v prigorju Julijskih Alp in v severnem delu Dinarskega gorstva opisali njeno novo subasociacijo -phyteumatetosum columnae. Sestoje črnega gabra in malega jesena na strmih osojnih pobočjih z večjim deležem diagnostičnih vrst bukovih in smrekovih gozdov uvrščamo v novo asociacijo Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum Franz ex Dakskobler, ass. nov. hoc loco in v novo subasociacijo -mercurialietosum perennis ter v provizorno varianto var. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus, katere sestoji so floristično precej podobni sestojem asociacije Hemer-ocallido-Ostryetum.
Ključne besede: fitocenologija, sinsistematika, Fraxino orni-Ostryion, Fraxino orni-Ostryetum, Rhododendro hirsuti--Ostryetum, Julijske Alpe, Trnovski gozd, Slovenija, Italija.
1. INTRODUCTION	carpinifolia-Fraxinusornus (Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni).
M. Wraber (1961) classified hop hornbeam and The first phytosociological description of a hop flowering ash stands in the sunny rocks above hornbeam and flowering ash community in the Lake Bohinj and under Studor into the associa-Southeastern Alps was published by Aichinger tion Cytisantho-Ostryetum. Franz (2002) published (1933: 267-269), who named it association Ostrya a monograph on hop hornbeam and its commu-
1 Institute of Biology, Scientific Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Regional unit Tolmin, Brunov drevored 13, SI-5220 Tolmin, and Biotechnical Faculty of the University in Ljubljana, Department of Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources, Večna pot 83, SI-1000 Ljubljana; E-mail: igor.dakskobler@zrc-sazu.si
nities in Austria and northern Slovenia and determined, based on 360 releves, the following hop hornbeam associations: Potentillo caulescentis-Os-tryetum, Fraxino orni-Ostryetum Aichinger, Sileno glareosae-Ostryetum nom. prov. and Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum nom. prov. Franz & Willner (2007a,b) lowered the rank of these associations and classified all of them into the association Eri-co-Ostryetum Horvat 1959. According to them, the name Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933, although older, is a synonym for Horvat's association, supposedly because it is a nomen ambiguum (Weber et al. 2000, Art. 36, p. 754). Horvat (1959) described the association Erico-Ostryetum based on nine releves from western Croatia and its stands are now known on smaller areas in Gorski kotor, on Klek, in the Samobor and Žumberak Hills (Vukelic 2012: 257). In our opinion, Franz and Willner's proposal (2007a, b) is unfounded. However, based on eight releves from northern Italy (provinces of Trentino and South Tyrol), Braun-Blanquet (1961) published a phytosocio-logical table of a new association that he named Orneto-Ostryetum. He noted the differences between this and Horvat's association Querco-Ostrye-tum carpinifolie, but did not mention Aichinger's association Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni, although he listed his book as a reference. The names Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933 and Orneto-Ostrye-tum Braun-Blanquet 1961 are homonyms; Braun-Blanquet's later name is illegitimate (nom. illeg.) and should be rejected according to the Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature (Weber et al. 2000, Art. 31, p. 753). In his description, Braun-Blanquet (1961) did not refer to Aichinger, but used a name identical to his (Orneto-Ostryetum is identical to Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni) to describe a floristically very different community whose similarity with Aichinger's community, according to S0RENSEN (1948), is only around 27%. Aichinger's name is not, therefore, ambiguous and does not have to be rejected; this, however, applies to subsequent misuse of this name by other phytosociologists. In this paper we use the corrected name proposed by Franz (2002), Fraxino orni-Ostryetum carpinifoliae, because according to our findings, hop hornbeam serves as an edifier of this community.
In the period between 1986 and 2012, we made some 250 releves of black hornbeam and flowering ash stands on very steep rocky sites in the beech forest belt in the Julian Alps and their foothills (Bohinj, Upper Soča Valley: Bovec and
Kobarid regions, the valleys of the Tolminka and Zadlaščica, the Bača Valley, the Cerkno region) and in the northern part of the Dinaric Alps (the Idrijca and Trebuša valleys, the northern edge of the Trnovski gozd plateau, the Idrija Hills) (Figure 1). A part of these releves (195) has already been entered into the database and 109 have been processed and compared with similar communities in southern Austria, northeastern Italy, and northern Croatia. Our intention was to provide a comprehensive floristic description of the hop hornbeam and flowering ash community in the Julian Alps and their foothills, as the description of the association Fraxino orni-Ostryetum in Slovenia has so far been based mainly on Aichinger's table or on a very limited number of releves that were made and published in Slovenia (Šilc & Čarni 2012: 157). Most of Franz's releves (2002) were not published in analytical tables. Some of them were published individually in the text and some were incorporated in the synthetic table. Much better researched are hop hornbeam and flowering ash communities in the sub-Mediterranean part of Slovenia (Zupančič 1999). We also conducted a phytosociological analysis of their community in the transitional pre-Alpine-sub-Mediterranean part of Slovenia, in the Central Soča Valley, and classified it into the association Seslerio albicantis-Ostryetum Lausi et al. 1982 corr. Poldini & Vidali 1995 (= Mercuriali ovatae-Ostry-etum carpinifoliae Poldini 1982) - Dakskobler (2004). This association is classified into the alliance Carpinion orientalis Horvat 1958 and is therefore not the subject of comparisons in this paper.
49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65
Figure 1: Approximate localities of the hop hornbeam and flowering ash stands studied in Slovenia. Slika 1: Približna nahajališča preučevanih sestojev črnega gabra in malega jesena na zemljevidu Slovenije.
2. METHODS
Hop hornbeam and flowering ash communities were studied applying the Central-European phy-tosociological method (Braun-Blanquet 1964). Releves were entered into the FloVegSi database (Seliškar et al. 2003). Combined cover-abundance values were transformed into ordinal values 1- 9 (van der Maarel 1979). Releves were mutually compared through hierarchical classification and arranged into tables based on the results of the "(Unweighted) average linkage" - UPGMA method applying Wishart's similarity ratio. SYN-TAX 2000 (Podani 2001) software package was used in these comparisons. The floristic composition of the hop hornbeam and flowering ash communities studied in western Slovenia was compared to the floristic composition of similar communities in neighbouring countries, also by means of hierarchical classification and with two ordination methods: principle coordinates analysis (PCoA, similarity ratio) and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) with Goodman-Kruskal's y coefficient (Podani, ibid.). Geoelemental, ecological, and phytosociological designation of plant species follows the Flora alpina (Aeschimann et al. 2004a, b, c). Phytosociological groups (= groups of diagnostic species) were formed based on our own criteria, but with consideration of the Flora alpina. The nomenclature source for the names of vascular plants is Martinčič et al. (2007), Martinčič (2003, 2011) for the names of mosses, Suppan et al. (2000) for the names of lichens, Šilc & Čarni (2012) for the names of syntaxa, with the exception of the name of the class Querco-Fagetea Braun-Blanquet et Vlieger in Vlieger 1937, and Urbančič et al. (2005) for the names of soil types.
2.1 Short ecological description of THE study area
Hop hornbeam and flowering ash stands were recorded on steep to very steep slopes (30° to 50°) at elevations ranging from 300 m to 1200 m, on all aspects. In the Soča Valley, individual hop hornbeam and flowering ash trees can occur even higher, at elevations of up to about 1500 m a.s.l.. The geological bedrocks on sample plots were dolomite, dolomite with chert, dolomite limestone, limestone, limestone with chert, limestone and marlstone, in places also talus. Soil types were lithosol and (or) rendzina. The climate in
the study area of the Julian Alps and the northern part of the Dinaric Alps is humid with mean average precipitation generally exceeding 2000 mm (B. Zupančič 1995, 1998); it is relatively warm, with the mean annual temperature around 6 °C - 9 °C (Cegnar 1998). The forest stands that were studied grow on special sites with a unique local climate. On sunny aspects, temperature oscillations between day and night are considerable, rainfall and snowfall flow into the valley, the snow cover soon disintegrates and melts. These sites are subject to drought, especially in the summer, while crumbling of the rock mass frequently occurs in the winter as a result of freezing and subsequent rapid warmings. All these specific factors render the sites less suitable for the growth of beech, which is a dominant tree species that occurs contiguously in this region, building its communities in the altitudinal belt of 200 m to 1600 m a.s.l.. The current physiognomy of hop hornbeam and flowering ash stands is largely the consequence of past management and practice. Their origin is partly secondary and they are a long-term degradation stage on potential beech sites from the association Ostryo-Fagetum. People frequently used to bring small ruminants, especially goats, to graze on the steep rocky slopes covered with low woods and this practice is still maintained in some parts of the Bovec and Kobarid regions. Despite relatively extreme sites that are difficult to access, the primary physiognomy of the hop hornbeam and flowering ash community in our Alps has been preserved only in the most inaccessible rock walls and screes. Here and on rockfall areas, hop hornbeam and flowering ash are the first pioneers (Dakskobler 2007).
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Based on hierarchical classification (Figure 2) we arranged 119 releves into four tables (Tables 1-4). In order to obtain a relevant synsystematic classification we compared them to similar, already described communities in the neighbouring regions. We made a synthetic table (Table 5) into which we incorporated the studied four communities and the following syntaxa:
EOpc: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 potentilleto-sum caulescentis (Franz) Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, northern Slovenia, Franz & Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 5)
	0.8 -
	0.75^
	0.7 T
	0.65^
	0.6 ^
ty	0.55
	0.5
	
	0.45^
si	0.4 ^
is	
1:3	0.35^
	0.3 T
	0.25^
	0.2 T
	0.15^
	0.1 T
	0.05
	0.0
J71
Fraxino orni-Ostryetum
ri
ri
	
1 r^	
rl

OFO
1 ^
ri
RO
II
OFO
Figure 2: Dendrogram of releves of hop hornbeam and flowering ash in (north)western Slovenia (UPGMA, similarity ratio); OFO Fraxino orni-Ostryetum, RO Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum.
Slika 2: Dendrogram popisov sestojev črnega tabra in malega jesena v (severo)zahodni Sloveniji (UPGMA, similarity ratio); OFO Fraxino orni-Ostryetum, RO Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum.
EOty: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 typicum Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, Franz & Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 2) EOsg: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 silenetosum glareosae (Franz) Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, northern Slovenia, Franz & Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 2) EOrh: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 rhododendre-tosum hirsuti (Franz) Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, northern Slovenia, Franz & Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 3) OFO-It Ostryo carpinifoliae-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933 (northeastern Italy, Poldini & Vi-dali 1999, Table 1) CyO-SI Cytisantho-Ostryetum M. Wraber 1961 (Bohinj, M. Wraber 1961, phytosociological table, releves 1 to 11 - subassociations -typi-cum and -brometosum; the species recorded only in the third subassociation, -fagetosum, were considered with minimum frequency 4 if they occurred in other compared communities) CyO-HR Cytisantho-Ostryetum M. Wraber 1961 (western Croatia, Samobor Hills, Sugar 1978, Table 1)
EO-HR Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 (western
Croatia, Horvat 1959, Table 2, column 12) QO-HR Querco-Ostryetum carpinifoliae Horvat 1938 (Croatia, Horvat 1938, Table 1, releves 1 to 11)
QO-SI Querco-Ostryetum carpinifoliae Horvat 1938 (Slovenia, Zupančič et al. 2009, Table 1, releves 1 to 26).
This provided the basis for a table with 12 columns that we compared using hierarchical classification (Figure 3) and two ordination methods (Figures 4 and 5).
The result is similar (Figure 6) if the comparison includes Braun-Blanquet's association Orneto-Ostryetum from northern Italy (Braun-Blanquet 1961) and Aichinger's original description of the association Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni from the Karavanke Mts. (Aichinger 1933). While Aichinger's syntaxon groups with other forms of the association Fraxino orni-Ostryetum, Braun-Blanquet's syntaxon is different from all other compared syntaxa.
0.75
0.7
0.65
0.6
0.55
0.5
0.45
0.4
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0.0
Fraxino orni-Ostryetum/Querco-Ostryetum
Fraxino orni-Ostryetum/Querco-Ostryetum
"ii
Figure 3: Dendrogram of stands of associations Erico-Ostry-etum, Cytisantho-Ostryetum, Rhodoendro hirsuti-Ostryetum, Fraxino orni-Ostryetum, and Querco-Ostryetum (Slovenia, Italy, Austria, Croatia) - UPGMA, similarity ratio. Slika 3: Dendrogram sestojev asociacij Erico-Ostryetum, Cyti-santho-Ostryetum, Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum, Fraxino orni-Ostryetum in Querco-Ostryetum (Slovenija, Italija, Avstrija, Hrvaška) - UPGMA, similarity ratio.
0.20.150.10.050.0-
■0.1-
<r
■0.15-■0.2 ■0.25 ■0.3-■0.35-
QO-HR
CyO-HR	OFO-lt
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QO-SI	EOty
EOpc
CyO-SI
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■
EOsg OFO3
OFOl
OFO2
-0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1
0
Axis 1
0.1
0.2 0.3
0.4
Figure 5: Two-dimensional scatter diagram of the stands of associations Erico-Ostryetum, Cytisantho-Ostryetum, Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum, Fraxino orni-Ostryetum, and Querco-Ostryetum (Slovenia, Italy, Austria, Croatia) - NMDS, Goodman-Kruskal's y.
Slika 5: Dvorazsežni ordinacijski diagram sestojev asociacij Erico-Ostryetum, Cytisantho-Ostryetum, Rhododendro hir-suti-Ostryetum, Fraxino orni-Ostryetum in Querco-Ostryetum (Slovenija, Italija, Avstrija, Hrvaška) - NMDS, Goodman--Kruskal's y.
0.35r 0.3r 0.25^ 0.2-_ 0.15^ 0.1 r I 0.05 ! 0.0 ■ -0.057 ■0.1 r -0.15 ■0.2 ■0.25-
Fraxino orni-Ostryetum/Querco-Ostryetum
0F02 ■
Fraxino orni-Ostryetum/Querco-Ostryetum
R0
0F01
0F03
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Cy0-Sl
E0rh ■
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E0ty
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I ''' I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I-
■0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Axis 1
Figure 4: Two-dimensional scatter diagram of stands of associations Erico-Ostryetum, Cytisantho-Ostryetum, Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum, Fraxino orni-Ostryetum, and Querco-Ostry-etum (Slovenia, Italy, Austria, Croatia) - PCoA, similarity ratio. Slika 4: Dvorazsežni ordinacijski diagram sestojev asociacij Erico-Ostryetum, Cytisantho-Ostryetum, Rhododendro hirsu-ti-Ostryetum, Fraxino orni-Ostryetum in Querco-Ostryetum (Slovenija, Italija, Avstrija, Hrvaška) - PCoA, similarity ratio.
	0.85-
	0.8^
	0.75^
	0.7^
	0.65^
	0.6^
	0.55
	
	0.5
	0.45^
	0.4^
	
	0.35^
	0.3^
	0.25^
	0.2^
	0.15^
	0.1 ^
	0.05
	0.0
EE EE EE
c^ c^
EE

ci
Figure 6: Dendrogram of stands of associations Erico-Ostry-etum, Cytisantho-Ostryetum, Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum, Fraxino orni-Ostryetum, and Querco-Ostryetum (Slovenia, Italy, Austria, Croatia) - UPGMA, similarity ratio. Slika 6: Dendrogram sestojev asociacij Erico-Ostryetum, Cyti-santho-Ostryetum, Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum, Fraxino orni-Ostryetum in Querco-Ostryetum (Slovenija, Italija, Avstrija, Hrvaška) - UPGMA, similarity ratio.
Legend to Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and Tables 5 and 6:
EOpc: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 potentilleto-sum caulescentis (Franz) Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, northern Slovenia, Franz & Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 5) EOty: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 typicum Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, Franz & Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 2) EOsg: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 silenetosum glareosae (Franz) Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, northern Slovenia, Franz & Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 2) EOrh: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 rhododendre-tosum hirsuti (Franz) Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, northern Slovenia, Franz & Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 3) OFO1, OFO2, OFO3 Fraxino orni-Ostryetum Aichinger 1933, (north)western Slovenia RO Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum Franz ex Dak-
skobler ass. nov. (north)western Slovenia OFO-It Ostryo carpinifoliae-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933 (northeastern Italy, Poldini & Vi-dali 1999, Table 1) CyO-SI Cytisantho-Ostryetum M. Wraber 1961 (Bohinj, M. Wraber 1961, phytosociological table, releves 1 to 11 - subassociations -typi-cum and -brometosum; the species recorded only in the third subassociation, -fagetosum, were considered with minimum frequency 4 if they occurred in other compared communities) CyO-HR Cytisantho-Ostryetum M. Wraber 1961 (western Croatia, Samobor Hills, Sugar 1978, Table 1)
EO-HR Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 (western
Croatia, Horvat 1959, Table 2, column 12) QO-HR Querco-Ostryetum carpinifoliae Horvat 1938 (Croatia, Horvat 1938, Table 1, releves 1 to 11)
QO-SI Querco-Ostryetum carpinifoliae Horvat 1938 (central and southeastern Slovenia, Zupančič et al. 2009, Table 1, releves 1 to 26) OFO-Aic Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933 (the Karavanke Mts, Aichinger 1933, Tab. 60) OFO-BB Orneto-Ostryetum Braun-Blanquet 1961 (northern Italy, Braun-Blanquet 1961, Tab. 53)
Results of these comparisons quite clearly demonstrate that in terms of floristic composition the syntaxa Erico-Ostryetum, Querco-Ostryetum, and Cytisantho-Ostryetum from central and southeastern Slovenia and western Croatia, the syntaxa Fraxino orni-Ostryetum and Cytisantho-Ostryetum
from the Alpine part of Slovenia and northeastern Italy and the association Erico-Ostryetum from southern Austria form separate groups. Two-dimensional ordination (Figures 4 and 5) in particular clearly shows that the floristic composition of the association Erico-Ostryetum from southern Austria resembles the floristic composition of the associations from the Alpine part of Slovenia and northeastern Italy much more than it resembles the floristic composition of the syntaxa from southeastern Slovenia and western Croatia. Classification of hop hornbeam and flowering ash communities from southern Austria into the association Erico-Ostryetum is therefore unfounded as these communities are floristically very different. Two groups of phytocoenoses can be differentiated based on this comparison. The southeastern-Alpine group of phytocoenoses is classified into the association Fraxino orni-Ostryetum Aichinger 1933 s. lat. (including the phytocoenoses of the association Cytisantho-Ostryetum), while the southeastern-Slovenian and western-Croatian group of phytocoenoses is classified into the association Querco-Ostryetum carpinifoliae Horvat 1938 s. lat. (including the phytocoenoses of the association Erico-Ostryetum and the Croatian form of the association Cytisantho-Ostryetum). The synthetic table (Table 5) indicates a group of differential species that well differentiate southeastern-Alpine hop hornbeam and flowering ash communities from the communities that were first described in Croatia. These differential species include Campanula cespitosa, Primula auricula, Hieracium porrifolium, Asperula aristata, Allium ericetorum, Paederota lutea, Betonica alopecuros, Rhamnusfal-lax, Picea abies, Anemone trifolia, Laburnum al-pinum, Valeriana tripteris, Rosa pendulina, Salix glabra, Salix appendiculata, Phyteuma orbiculare, and, to a lesser extent, also, Euphrasia cuspidata, Rhododendron hirsutum, Galium purpureum, Campanula carnica, Festuca calva, Saxifraga crustata, S. hostii, Potentilla caulescens, Aconitum angustifo-lium. Partly diagnostic for Alpine hop-hornbeam stands is also Sesleria caerulea subsp. calcaria, but this species has also been recorded in the stands of the association Querco-Ostryetum in central and southeastern Slovenia (Zupančič et al., 2009). The species that are differential for the association Querco-Ostryetum s. lat. against the association Fraxino orni-Ostryetum s. lat. are Genista januensis, Asperula cynanchica, Veronica jacquinii, Daphne cneorum, Dianthusgiganteus subsp. croati-cus, Helleborus atrorubens, Acer obtusatum, Quercus
cerris, Sorbus torminalis, Erythronium dens-canis, Silene nemoralis, Lonicera caprifolium, Melampy-rum nemorosum. Quercus pubescens is also partly differential for the association Querco-Ostryetum, although it sometimes grows, with a considerably lower medium coverage and constancy, also in Alpine phytocoenoses of hop hornbeam and flowering ash. Differences between two groups of ecologically similar phytocoenoses are demonstrated also in the composition by groups of diagnostic species (Table 6). Phytocoenoses of the association Querco-Ostryetum s. lat. have a higher proportion of diagnostic species of the order Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae, while phytocoe-noses of the association Fraxino orni-Ostryetum feature a higher proportion of diagnostic species of classes Vaccinio-Piceetea, Elyno-Seslerietea, Thlaspietea rotundifolii, and Asplenieta trichomanis. The proportion of species of the class Erico-Pine-tea tends to be higher in phytocoenoses from the association Fraxino-Ostryetum s. lat.
Based on these findings we describe the studied stands of hop hornbeam and flowering ash from (north)western Slovenia. Table 1 incorporates the releves from mainly sunny slopes on the southern outskirts of the Julian Alps (the Bača Valley, Tolmin, Kobarid and Bovec regions) and from the northern part of the Trnovski gozd plateau (the upper Idrijca) that are classified into the association Fraxino orni-Ostryetum. They are dominated by thermophilous species of classes Querc-etalia pubescenti-petraeae, Trifolio-Geranietea, and Festuco-Brometea and species of beech and beech-oak forests. Pine forest species of the class Erico-Pinetea are more poorly represented in the stands of this syntaxon. Rockiness of the sites allows for the occurrence of many chasmophytic species (As-plenietea trichomanis). These releves are classified into the thermophilous form of this association, temporarily classified as the variant Fraxino orni-Ostryetum typicum Franz et Willner 2007 var. Arabis turrita. Its differential species are also Campanula rapunculoides and Quercus petraeae. In some of their species, the stands of this variant show considerable resemblance to the stands of the association Querco-Ostryetum. Within this variant we also distinguish a subvariant with Festuca calva that characterises sunny rocky slopes in the montane belt of the Julian Alps at the elevations of around 1000 m and more. Releves 1 to 16 in Table 2 are still classified into the same variant. Releves 17 to 23 in this table were made on cold, shady slopes. Different ecological conditions are indicated by
Valeriana tripteris, Veronica urticifolia, Rosa pen-dulina, Saxifraga cuneifolia, Picea abies, Homogyne sylvestris, and in two releves also by Rhododendron hirsutum. These releves are classified into the variant Fraxino orni-Ostryetum typicum var. Valeriana tripteris and characterise a hop hornbeam community on colder sites. They also mark a transition of the typical subassociation towards the subas-sociation Fraxino orni-Ostryetum rhododendretosum hirsuti Franz & Willner 2007.
Releves 1-28 in Table 3 are classified into the new subassociation Fraxino orni-Ostryetumphyteu-matetosum columnae subass. nov. Its nomenclature type, holotypus, is releve No. 7 in Table 3. This subassociation includes hop hornbeam and flowering ash stands on dolomite ridges and jags in the northern part of the Trnovski gozd plateau and in the foothills of the southern Julian Alps (the Cerkno region) that are more common on shady than on sunny aspects (Figure 7). The sub-association is named after the southern-Alpine-northern-Illyrian taxon Phyteuma scheuchzeri subsp. columnae, which is a character species of chasmophytic communities from the southern-Alpine alliance Phyteumato-Saxifragion petraeae and order Potentilletalia caulescentis. In Slovenia, it most frequently grows in the foothills of the southern Julian Alps and in the northern part of the Dinaric Alps (Banjšice, the Trnovski gozd plateau, Nanos), so it is a good indicator of phyot-coenoses of the studied association between the Alps and the Dinarides. The differential species of the subassociation are also Mercurialis ovata,
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65
Figure 7: Approximate localities of the stands of the subassociation Fraxino orni-Ostryetumphyteumatetosum columnae studied in Slovenia.
Slika 7: Približna nahajališča sestojev subasociacije Fraxino orni-Ostryetum phyteumatetosum columnae na zemljevidu Slovenije.
Genista januensis, Cotinus coggygria, Salvia pratensis subsp. saccardiana, Scabiosa hladnikiana, Primula carniolica, Potentilla carniolica, Omphalodes verna, Daphne alpina. The listed species, especially northern-Illyrian endemics (Primula carniolica, Potentilla carniolica, Scabiosa hladnikiana) and southeastern-Alpine-northern-Illyrian taxa Salvia pratensis subsp. saccardiana and Omphalodes verna, characterise the stands of the new association in terms of phytogeography. Others, Genista januensis, Mercurialis ovata, Cotinus coggygria, indicate a certain similarity with the stands of the Dinar-ic-pre-Dinaric association Querco-Ostryetum. Rhododendron hirsutum, Laserpitium peucedanoides, and Rhodothamnus chamaecistus, which are also classified as the differential species of the new subassociation, indicate both an unquestionable affinity with the southeastern-Alpine hop hornbeam community and the specific features of the sites (predominantly shady aspect). Similarity with phytocoenoses in the Julian Alps is further corroborated by the releves made in the Tolmin and Bohinj part of the Julian Alps, namely releves No. 29 to 32 in Table 3, which in hierarchical classification are grouped with the stands of the subassociation -phyteumatetosum columnae and comprise most of the species of the new subas-sociation save some phytogeographical differential species (northern-Illyrian endemics). For the time being, these four releves are classified into the typical subassociation (Fraxino orni-Ostryetum typicum Franz & Willner 2007).
According to the results of hierarchical classification (Figure 3), stands in phytosociological Table 4 could still be classified into the syntaxon Fraxino orni-Ostryetum as the subassociation -rho-dodendretosum hirsuti Franz & Willner 2007. Results of the two-dimensional ordination (Figures 4 and 5) and the analysis according to the groups of diagnostic species (Table 6) on the other hand, imply the possibility that these phytocoenoses could be classified into another association. They comprise a considerably higher proportion of beech forest species (Fagetalia sylvaticae, Are-monio-Fagion, Tilio-Acerion, Querco-Fagetea) - in total about 30 % - than other compared syntaxa. These phytocoenoses also comprise the highest proportion of diagnostic species of spruce forests (Vaccinio-Piceetea) - 11%. In the studied phy-tocoenoses, diagnostic species of beech forests therefore outweigh the proportion of diagnostic species of thermophilous oak forests from the order Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae, as well as the
proportion of basophilous pine forests of the class Erico-Pinetea. According to our findings, releves in Table 4 identify above all hop hornbeam stands on steep shady slopes in the beech forest belt and in some cases most likely represent a long-term degradation stage on potential beech sites from the associations Rhododendro hirsuti-Fagetum, Anemono-Fagetum, and (or) Arunco-Fagetum. We propose they be classified into the new association Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum Franz ex Dak-skobler ass. nov. hoc loco. They were recorded in the Julian Alps: Maklenova peč above the Limarica in the Trenta Valley, above the stream Žila in the Učja valley, Dol po Meji / Valle di Musi
-	under Muzci / Cime del Monte Musi (Italy -releve No. 1 in Table 4), Struje and Pod Sopotom above the Zadlaščica valley, Treska at Srpenica, in the Cerkno and Idrija Hills: Zakojška grapa gorge, Drnova, Mali Njivč, Šebrelje - Sv. Ivan, above the homestead Jelenk in the valley of Hotenja, Klavžarica in the Kanomlja valley and on the northern edge of the Trnovski gozd plateau above the valleys of the Idrijca (Skopica) and the Trebušica (Gradov rob, Krtovše, Poldanovec)
-	Figure 8. Its sites in central Slovenia were dis-cusssed by Accetto (2008, 2013), two releves were already published (Dakskobler et al. 2011).
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65
Figure 8: Approximate localities of stands of the association Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum in (north)western Slovenia. Slika 8: Približna nahajališča sestojev asociacije Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum v (severo)zahodni Sloveniji.
Franz (2002: 257) classified the association with the name Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum ass. prov. into the alliance Erico-Pinion mugo, class Erico-Pinetea. In his provisional description Franz stresses the similarity and syndynamic affinity of this association with the stands of the association Erico carnea-Pinetum prostratae. He published the
releve on rockfall in Rož in southern Carinthia (Jama) in the northern foothills of the Karavanke Mts. as a typical releve of this association, but not as a holotype. The diagnostic or dominant and the most frequent species of the association Rho-dodendro-Ostryetum Franz 2002 nom. prov. are Os-trya carpinifolia, Fraxinus ornus, Sorbus aria, Erica carnea, Cyclamenpurpurascens, Amelanchier ovalis, Calamagrostis varia, Polygala chamaebuxus, Campanula cespitosa, Cirsium erisithales, Rhamnus fal-lax, Rhododendron hirsutum, Pinus mugo, Paederota lutea, and Valeriana saxatilis. Species with a lower constancy of below 40% comprise Pinus sylvestris, Sesleria caerulea subsp. calcaria, Salix glabra, and Gymnocarpium robertianum. Franz & Willner (2007a: 86) subsequently lowered the rank of this provisional association to the rank of subassocia-tion and described it as a new subassociation Eri-co-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 rhododendretosum hirsuti Franz & Willner 2007. The differential species of the new subassociation are Rhododendron hirsu-tum, Valeriana tripteris, Rhamnus fallax, Petasites paradoxus, Paederota lutea, Salix glabra and Pinus mugo. Its stands grow on steep, shady, stable scree slopes in the lower montane belt. Of the listed diagnostic species of the syntaxon Erico-Ostryetum rhododendretosum, Pinus mugo and Petasites para-doxus were hardly ever recorded in the studied phytocoenoses whereas other species occurred more or less frequently in our releves. However, results of hierarchical classification do not group our releves with the releves of the subassociation Erico-Ostryetum rhododendretosum from southern Austria. The new association Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum carpinifolie Franz ex Dakskobler ass. nov. hoc loco therefore cannot be typified based on the releve published by Franz (2002: 157) and releve No. 19 in Table 4 was selected as its nomenclature type, holotypus hoc loco. Considering the dominant species of the tree layer, the new association is still classified into the alliance Fraxino orni-Ostryion and order Quercetalia pubescenti-pe-traeae; also possible is its classification into the alliance Aremonio-Fagion and order Fagetalia syl-vatica. It therefore incorporates hop hornbeam and flowering ash phytocoenoses on calcareous bedrock (dolomite, dolomite limestone, dolomite with chert, limestone with chert, rarely also talus), with moder rendzina (rarely also lithosol or colluvial-delluvial soils) on very steep (30° do 50°) shady (northern, northeastern, northwestern), exceptionally also sunny slopes in the submontane and montane belt (from about 300
to about 1100 m a.s.l.) in the Julian Alps, in the Prealpine Hills and in the northern part of the Dinaric Alps. These stands are, at least in part, of secondary origin on potential beech sites. Diagnostic species of the new association are Rhododendron hirsutum, Rosapendulina, Salix appendicu-lata, Fagus sylvatica, Acer pseudoplatanus, Gymnocarpium robertianum, Adenostyles glabra, Valeriana saxatilis and Carex ferruginea.
Based on the releves in Table 4 the new association is divided into two lower units. The stands comprising a large proportion of frigophilous species, character species of the class Vaccinio-Pi-ceetea and diagnostic species of beech forests are classified into the subassociation Rhododendro-Ostryetum mercurialietosum perennis subass. nov. hoc loco. Its nomenclature type, holotypus, is rel-eve No. 19 in Table 4. The differential species of the new subassociation are Mercurialis perennis, Laburnum alpinum, Hieracium murorum, Lathyrus vernus subsp. vernus and Lathyrus vernus subsp. Jlaccidus. In this subassociation we also distinguish the variant with Homogyne sylvestris, whose differential species are, among others, Salvia glu-tinosa and Carex ferruginea and which characterises the most frigophilous stands of the new association on fresh sites with moder rendzina. Rel-eves No. 1 to 10 are temporarily classified into the variant Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum var. Hemer-ocallis lilioasphodelus. Its stands grow on dolomite bedrock and are slightly more similar to the stands of the association Fraxino orni-Ostryetum. The taxa Molinia caerulea subsp. arundinacea and Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus often dominate in the herb layer. Floristic composition of the stands of this variant indicates considerable similarity with the stands of the association Hemerocalli-do-Ostryetum Poldini 1982 which Poldini (1982) described on very steep, shady limestone slopes in the Carnian Prealps and classified into the alliance Aremonio-Fagion. Floristic similarity between them according to S0rensen (1948) is 54%, which even allows their classification into this association. In the stands of the variant Rhodo-dendro-Ostryetum var. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus, we did not record two diagnostic species of the association Hemerocallido-Ostryetum, Adenophora liliifolia and Aconitum lycoctonum, and some other species such as Coronilla emerus, Rubus caesius and Tilia cordata. Some other species that are absent from the releves of the association Hemerocallido-Ostryetum, e.g., Valeriana saxatilis, Carex digitata, Polygala chamaebuxus, Vincetoxicum hirundinaria,
RO-HO
	0.5-
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	0.25-
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ROhl
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Figure 9: Dendrogram of the stands of the syntaxa Rhodo-dendro hirsuti-Ostryetum var. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus (ROhl), Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum mercurialietosum perennis (ROm), and Hemerocallido-Ostryetum (HO) - UP-GMA, similarity ratio.
Slika 9: Dendrogram sestojev sintaksonov Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum var. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus (ROhl), Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum mercurialietosum perennis (ROm) in Hemerocallido-Ostryetum (HO) - UPGMA, similarity ratio.
Anthericum ramosum, Phyteum orbiculare, Senecio ovatus, and others, also occur in the releves of the variant Rhododendro-Ostryetum var. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus. Stands of the associations Hemerocallido-Ostryetum and Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostrye-tum grow in the Southeastern Alps and their foothills, in very similar site conditions (steep shady slopes in the beech forest belt), and the variant Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostyretum var. Hemerocal-lis lilioasphodelus is an example of a transitional form between them that can be classified, based on its floristic composition, into either of these two associations. Other releves of the association Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum, however, cannot be included in the association Hemerocallido-Ostryetum; firstly, because one of the diagnostic species of this association, Hemerocallis lilioaspho-delus, occurs only in one of 25 releves, and secondly, because the other two, Adenophora liliifolia and Aconitum lycoctonum are completely absent from them. There are also many other floristic differences between their stands. This is further corroborated by the numerical comparison of flo-ristic similarity of the three mentioned syntaxa (Figure 9).
4. CONCLUSIONS
We have established that hop hornbeam and flowering ash communities from the Southeastern Alps and their foothills (two associations were described here, Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933 and Cytisantho-Ostryetum M. Wraber 1961) are floristically slightly similar to hop hornbeam, flowering ash, and pubescent oak communities from central and southeastern Slovenia and western Croatia (where we described the associations Querco-Ostryetum carpinifoliae Horvat 1938 and Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959). Nevertheless, hierarchical classification made on the basis of the synthetic table and the analysis of proportions of diagnostic species demonstrate obvious differences. Species diagnostic for southeastern-Alpine hop hornbeam and flowering ash communities are Campanula cespitosa, Primula auricula, Hiera-cium porrifolium, Asperula aristata, Allium ericeto-rum, Paederota lutea, Betonica alopecuros, Rham-nus fallax, Picea abies, Anemone trifolia, Laburnum alpinum, Valeriana tripteris, Rosa pendulina, Salix glabra, Salix appendiculata, Phyteuma orbicula-re, Euphrasia cuspidata, Rhododendron hirsutum, Galium purpureum, Campanula carnica, Festuca calva, Saxifraga crustata, S. hostii, Potentilla caule-scens, Aconitum angustifolium, and (partly) Sesleria caerulea subsp. calcaria. The species that are differential for the association Querco-Ostryetum s. lat. against the association Fraxino orni-Ostryetum s. lat. are Genista januensis, Asperula cynanchica, Veronica jacquinii, Daphne cneorum, Dianthus gi-ganteus subsp. croaticus, Helleborus atrorubens, Acer obtusatum, Quercus cerris, Sorbus torminalis, Erythronium dens-canis, Silene nemoralis, Lonicera caprifolium, Melampyrum nemorosum, and (partly) Quercus pubescens.
Through our comparison we determined that the floristic composition of hop hornbeam and flowering ash stands from southern Austria that Franz & Willner (2007a) classified into the association Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 is more similar to the floristic composition of associations from the Alpine part of Slovenia and northeastern Italy than to the floristic composition of syntaxa from southeastern Slovenia and western Croatia. Classification of hop hornbeam and flowering ash communities from southern Austria into Hor-vat's association Erico-Ostryetum is unfounded as these communities are floristically very different. In addition, we do not think that the name
Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933 is a nomen ambiguum as interpreted by Franz & Willner (2007a); rather, the name Orneto-Ostryetum Braun-Blanquet 1961is a later homonym that should be rejected (Weber et al. 2000, Art. 31, p. 753).
The comparisons described herein served as the basis upon which we classified most of more than 100 releves of hop hornbeam and flowering ash phytocoenoses on steep rocky sites in the beech forest belt in the Julian Alps and their foothills and on the northern edge of the Trnovski gozd plateau into the association Fraxino orni-Os-tryetum. Hop hornbeam and flowering ash stands of steep shady slopes of submontane and montane belt where the proportion of beech forest species (Fagetalia sylvaticae, Aremonio-Fagion, Tilio-Ace-rion, Querco-Fagetea) exceeds both the proportion of diagnostic species of thermophilous oak forests (Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae) and the proportion of species of basophilous pine forests (Erico-Pinetea), and which encompass many frigo-philous spruce forest species (Vaccinio-Piceetea), are classified into the new association Rhododen-dro hirsuti-Ostryetum Franz ex Dakskobler ass. nov. hoc loco. These stands are, at least in part, a long-term stage of degradation on potential beech sites. The new association is divided into two subunits; the stands of the first (Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum var. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus) are floristically rather similar to the stands of the association Hemerocallido-Ostryetum.
The hop hornbeam and flowering ash stands described are exclusively protective. They protect lower-lying areas against erosion, falling rocks and rockfall. Also significant is their role as a biotope as they serve as the site of some rare and (or) protected phanerograms (Anon. 2002, 2004), such as Epipactis atrorubens, E. muelleri, E. helleborine, Cephalanthera longifolia, C. rubra, C. damasonium, Ophrys insectifera, Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus, Ilex aquifolium, Primula auricula, Iris pallida subsp. cengialti, Sedum maximum, Dianthus hyssopifolius (= D. monspessulanus), D. sylvestris, Gentiana lutea subsp. symphyandra, Platanthera bifolia, Daphne blagayana, Listera ovata, Lilium carniolicum, Sem-pervivum tectorum, Taxus baccata, Viola pyrenaica, Orobanche teucrii, and Veratrum nigrum. They also comprise some endemic species, e.g., Aconitum angustifolium, Medicago pironae, Scabiosa hladnikia-na, Moehringia villosa, Primula carniolica, P. x venu-sta, and P. x ternovania.
Synsystematic classification of the studied communities into higher units is as follows:
Class: Querco-Fagetea Br.-Bl. et Vlieger in Vlieger 1937
Order: Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae Klika 1933 Alliance: Fraxino orni-Ostryion Tomažič 1940 Associations:
Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933=Fraxino or-ni-Ostryetum Aichinger 1933 corr. Franz 2002 typicum Franz & Willner 2007 var. Arabis turrita var. nov. var. Valeriana tripteris var. nov. phyteumatetosum columnae subass. nov. Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum Franz ex Dakskob-ler ass. nov. hoc loco
var. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus var. prov. mercurialietosum perennis subass. nov. var. Homogyne sylvestris var. nov.
5. POVZETEK
Fitocenološka oznaka združb črnega gabra (Ostrya carpinifolia) in malega jesena (Fraxi-nus ornus) v Julijskih Alpah in severnem delu Dinarskega gorstva (severozahodna in zahodna Slovenija, severovzhodna Italija)
Ugotavljamo, da so združbe črnega gabra in malega jesena iz Jugovzhodnih Alp s prigorjem (tu sta bili opisani dve asociaciji Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933 in Cytisantho-Ostryetum M. Wra-ber 1961) floristično nekoliko podobne združbam črnega gabra, malega jesena in puhastega hrasta iz osrednje in jugovzhodne Slovenije in zahodne Hrvaške (tu sta bili opisani asociaciji Querco-Ostr-yetum carpinifoliae Horvat 1938 in Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959). Kljub temu hierarhična klasifikacija na podlagi sintezne tabele in analiza deležev diagnostičnih vrst kaže očitne razlike. Diagnostične vrste za jugovzhodnoalpske združbe črnega gabra in malega jesena so Campanula cespitosa, Primula auricula, Hieracium porrifolium, Asperula aristata, Allium ericetorum, Paederota lutea, Betoni-ca alopecuros, Rhamnusfallax, Picea abies, Anemone trifolia, Laburnum alpinum, Valeriana tripteris, Rosa pendulina, Salix glabra, Salix appendiculata, Phyteuma orbiculare, Euphrasia cuspidata, Rhododendron hirsutum, Galium purpureum, Campanula carnica, Festuca calva, Saxifraga crustata, S. hostii, Potentilla caulescens, Aconitum angustifolium in (deloma) Sesleria caerulea subsp. calcaria. Vrste, ki so razlikovalne za asociacijo Querco-Ostryetum s. lat. nasproti asociacije Fraxino orni-Ostryetum s. lat. so Genista januensis, Asperula cynanchica, Veroni-
ca jacquinii, Daphne cneorum, Dianthus giganteus subsp. croaticus, Helleborus atrorubens, Acer obtusa-tum, Quercus cerris, Sorbus torminalis, Erythronium dens-canis, Silene nemoralis, Lonicera caprifolium, Melampyrum nemorosum in (deloma) Quercus pu-bescens.
S primerjavo smo ugotovili, da je floristična sestava sestojev črnega gabra in malega jesena iz južne Avstrije, ki sta jih Franz & Willner (2007a) uvrstila v asociacijo Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959, bolj podobna floristični sestavi asociacij iz alpskega dela Slovenije in severovzhodne Italije, kot pa floristični sestavi sintaksonov iz jugovzhodne Slovenije in zahodne Hrvaške. Uvrstitev združb črnega gabra in malega jesena iz južne Avstrije v Horvatovo asociacijo Erico-Ostryetum ni utemeljena, ker gre za floristično preveč različne združbe. Poleg tega menimo, da ime Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933 ni nomen ambiguum, kot ga tolmačita Franz & Willner (2007a), pač pa je ime Orneto-Ostryetum Braun-Blanquet 1961 poznejši homonim, ki ga je treba zavreči (Weber et al. 2000, Art. 31, p. 753).
Opisane primerjave so bile podlaga, da smo večino od več kot 100 fitocenoloških popisov fi-tocenoz črnega gabra in malega jesena na strmih skalnatih rastiščih v pasu bukovih gozdov v Julijskih Alpah s prigorjem in na severnem robu Trnovskega gozda uvrstili v asociacijo Fraxino orni--Ostryetum. Sestoje črnega gabra in malega jesena na strmih osojnih pobočjih podgorskega in gorskega pasu, v katerih delež vrst bukovih gozdov (Fagetalia sylvaticae, Aremonio-Fagion, Tilio-Aceri-on, Querco-Fagetea) presega delež diagnostičnih vrst toploljubnih hrastovih gozdov (Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae) in tudi delež vrst bazofilnih borovih gozdov (Erico-Pinetea), v njih pa je precej hladnoljubnih vrst smrekovih gozdov (Vaccinio--Piceetea), uvrščamo v novo asociacijo Rhododen-dro hirsuti-Ostryetum Franz ex Dakskobler ass. nov. hoc loco. Vsaj deloma so njeni sestoji dolgotrajen degradacijski stadij na potencialno bukovih rastiščih. Novo asociacijo členimo na dve po-denoti, med katerima so sestoji ene (Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum var. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus) floristično precej podobni sestojem asociacije Hemerocallido-Ostryetum. V naših sestojih nismo popisali dveh diagnostičnih vrst te asociacije, Adenophora liliifolia in Aconitum lycoctonum in še nekaterih drugih vrst kot so Coronilla emerus, Rubus caesius in Tilia cordata, v njih pa našli tudi nekatere vrste, ki jih ni v popisih sestojev asociacije Hemerocallido-Ostryetum (na primer Valeria-
na saxatilis, Carex digitata, Polygala chamaebuxus, Vincetoxicum hirundinaria, Anthericum ramosum, Phyteum orbiculare, Senecio ovatus).
Opisani sestoji črnega gabra in malega jase-na so izključno varovalni. Varujejo nižje ležeča območja pred erozijo in padajočim kamenjem ter skalnimi podori. Pomembna je njihova biotopska vloga, saj so rastišče nekaterih redkih in (ali) zavarovanih semenk (Anon. 2002, 2004), kot so vrste Epipactis atrorubens, E. muelleri, E. helleborine, Cephalanthera longifolia, C. rubra, C. damasonium, Ophrys insectifera, Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus, Ilex aquifolium, Primula auricula, Iris pallida subsp. cengialti, Sedum maximum, Dianthus hyssopifolius (= D. monspessulanus), D. sylvestris, Gentiana lutea subsp. symphyandra, Platanthera bifolia, Daphne blagayana, Listera ovata, Lilium carniolicum, Sem-pervivum tectorum, Taxus baccata, Viola pyrena-ica, Orobanche teucrii in Veratrum nigrum. V njih rasteju tudi nekatere endemične vrste, na primer Aconitum angustifolium, Medicago pironae, Scabiosa hladnikiana, Moehringia villosa, Primula carnioli-ca, P. x venusta in P. x ternovania.
Sinsistemtaska uvrstitev obravnavanih združb v višje enote je naslednja:
Razred: Querco-Fagetea Br.-Bl. et Vlieger in Vlie-ger1937
Red: Quercetaliapubescenti-petraeae Klika 1933 Zveza: Fraxino orni-Ostryion Tomažič 1940 Asociaciji:
Ostryo-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933=Fraxino orni-Ostryetum Aichinger 1933 corr. Franz 2002 typicum Franz & Willner 2007 var. Arabis turrita var. nov. var. Valeriana tripteris var. nov. phyteumatetosum columnae subass. nov. Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum Franz ex Dakskob-ler ass. nov. hoc loco
var. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus var. prov. mercurialietosum perennis subass. nov. var. Homogyne sylvestris var. nov.
6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Phytosociological processing of hop hornbeam communities was partly conducted in the framework of the target research project of updating of the vegetation system for the forest management planning purposes (Posodobitev sistema vegetacijskih osnov za potrebe načrtovanja v gozdarstvu, V4-1141), funded by the Slovenian
Research Agency and Ministry of Agriculture and the Environment. Two anonymous reviewers helped me with valuable improvements and corrections. English translation by Andreja Šalamon Verbič.
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Received 4. 3. 2014 Revision received 21. 8. 2014 Accepted 25. 8. 2014
Number of releve (Zaporedna štev. popisa)
um typicum var. Arabis turrita.																			
	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19
	00 t^ c^ 21	>,0 3 3 2	81 3 2 21	^ 8 3 2 21	5 9 3 4 3 2	o 0 0 3 2 2	(N 81 7 3 2	2 0 8 7 21	c^ 4 6 2 2 2	5 5 0 3 2	>,0 2 0 3 2 2	>,0 7 4 21 2	0 2 21 2	5 5 6 0 3 2	c^ 21 2 21	t^ 0 9 8 3 2	^^ 0 8 21	o 9 4 21 2	5 6 8 468 2
	0 3 3	0 61	0 4 4	0 9 5	0 7 5	0 6 6	0 4 4	0 5 9	0 4 0	0 2 0	0 4	0 2 5	0 81	0 0 8	0 5	0 6 9	0 5 5	0 4 7	0 3 6
	W	SE	S	SW NE		E	S	S	SW SSE SE			SW	S	S	SSE SE		S	S	SE
	40	60	30	30	35	40	35	35	45	45	45	40	30	45	45	35	35	45	35
	D	AL Gr		Gr	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	A	Gr	A	DR AR DR DR				D
	Re	Li	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Li	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re
	20	90	60	20	30	30	50	30	30	40	50	20	60	20	10	20	5	30	30
E3b	80	80	80	90	70	90	80	80	80	70	80	80	60	70	80	80	70	70	60
E3a	20	10	10		20			10									20		20
E2	20	20	30	40	15	20	30	10	20	10	10	20	20	20	10	20	30	40	40
El	60	20	60	70	80	80	60	80	80	60	70	80	50	70	80	80	80	80	70
E0	5	20	40	10	10	10	30	20	10	20	10	5	5	10	5	10	5	5	10
cm	25	30	25	30	20	20	25	30	25	20	30	20	20	15	40	30	30	30	15
m	16	17	15	17	10	8	16	18	8	10	10	12	8	8	12	10	10	12	6
	32	48	75	87	95	85	72	72	75	63	77	66	66	65	56	57	80	67	48
Database number of releve (Delov. štev. pop.)
Elevation in m (Nadmorska višina v m) Aspect (Lega)
Slope in degrees (Nagib v stopinjah) Parent material (Matična podlaga) Soil (Tla)
Stoniness in % (Kamnitost v %)
Cover in % (Zastiranje v %):
Upper tree layer (Zgornja drevesna plast)
Lower tree layer (Spodnja drevesna plast)
Shrub layer (Grmovna plast)
Herb layer (Zeliščna plast)
Moss layer (Mahovna plast)
Maximum diameter of trees (Največji prsni
premer dreves)
Maximum height of tress (Največ. dreves. v.) Number of species (Število vrst) Releve area (Velikost popisne ploskve)
Date of taking releve (Datum popisa)
200 100 400 400 200 400 400 200 200 200 200 100 200 400 200 200 200 200 100
00	^	o o	(N	O
f^
»j^
c^	^jD
	9	6		5	8	4
8	0 00		5		9	
0			9		199	
0	c^		9			
	o^					
	1	1			1	
o^						
Locality (Nahajališče)
Quadrant (Kvadrant) Coordinate GK Y (D-48) Coordinate GK X (D-48)
ad
J:
ataju
a M
gr d

c-^ 00 444
vo	c^
^ ^ ^
00	^	^
o	^	^
^	00	(N
(N	^	m
gg
a trug trug GO GO

nk
^

2
4
00	m
^	c^	(N
00	00	o
m	m	"t
m (N (N «o «o «o
gorn
ZZ
00 ^ (N
(N (N ^
kr Š
m 2 2
00 «/^
(N CS
(N (N ^
vo ^ ^ C^	C--
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ o^
o «o	m
CS ^ 00
c^ ^ ^ (N
c^ 00 o^ 00 m m m m m m
00 ^ ^
«o «o «o «o «o «o «o

		lc
		
		e
a	le	
e ic		le
	■pq	
am ok tr	ut	n
GO	R	Z
	on	CS 3
O^	^	^ (
44	4	4
76	7	8
99	9	9
33	2	8
83		6
27	4	9
39	5	6
89		
33	4	41
82	6	4
	0	2
79	9	6
56	199	7
23		
		
55	5	5
m
e
>o
il o n
^	>n
O Q
n
č n
e
^ (N (N
^	«o
c^	^
m	m
(N	^ ^ ^ ^
00 (N c^
4
(N

Diagnostic species of the association (Diagnostične vrste asociacije)
Pr. Fr.
AT Campanula carnica	E1 .	. + . +	+	.+	+	+	+		+.		.+.	9	47
ES Betonica alopecuros	E1 .			.+	1	+	1	.+	.2	+	11.	9	47
EP Galium purpureum	E1 .	. + + +						+.	1.		.+.	6	32
ES Festuca calva	E1 .	. . r .		. |3	4	2	1 1		+.			6	32
FS Laburnum alpinum	E3 .		+			+	+	.r		1		5	26
FS Laburnum alpinum	E2 .	. . . +				+	+			+		4	21
AF Rhamnus fallax	E2 .	. . . +		+.		+		.+		+		5	26
AF Anemone trifolia	E1 .	..1+			+	+					.+.	5	26
FS Luzula nivea	E1 .		2	.+	+	1	1					5	26
VP Picea abies	E2 .							.+	.+		. . +	4	21
EP Asperula aristata	E1 .	+						.+	+.		.+.	4	21
ES Phyteuma orbiculare	E1 .	. . . +	1			+	+					4	21
AT Saxifraga hostii	E1 .		+		+	+					.+.	4	21
m
m
m
Campanula persicifolia Tamus communis Carexflacca Calamintha sylvatica Quercus pubescens Quercus pubescens Clematis recta Tanacetum corymbosum Buglossoides purpurocaerulea Orchis signifera Coronilla emerus subsp. emerus QR Quercetalia roboris Frangula alnus Betonica officinalis Phyteuma zahlbruckneri Pteridium aquilinum Lembotropis nigricans Melampyrum pratense Quercus robur Serratula tinctoria TA Tilio-Acerion Tilia platyphyllos
Number of releve (Zaporedna štev. popisa)		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	Pr.	Fr.
AT Saxifraga crustata	E1						+								+		+				3	16
AT Primula auricula	E1					+				+	1										3	16
TR Campanula cespitosa	E1	+												+							2	11
VP Rosa pendulina	E2a						+					+									2	11
TR Hieracium porrifolium	E1													1	+						2	11
EP Allium ericetorum	E1	+																			1	5
Differential species of the variant (Razlikovalne vrste variante)																						
TG Campanula rapunculoides	E1	+	1	+	1	+	+									1	+	1	+		10	53
QP Arabis turrita	E1		1		1	+	+			1		+					+		+		8	42
QR Quercus petraea	E3		1													r	2	1	2		5	26
QR Quercus petraea	E2																+	+	+		3	16
QR Quercus petraea	E1												+	+							2	11
FO Fraxino orni-Ostryion																						
Ostrya carpinifolia	E3b	3	3	5		4	3	3	5	4	4	4	1		4		2	1	2	2	19 100	
Ostrya carpinifolia	E3a			+		1			+	+								1			5	26
Ostrya carpinifolia	E2b								+		1						+	+	+		6	32
Ostrya carpinifolia	E2a							+			+	+			+					+	5	26
Ostrya carpinifolia	E1			+									+								2	11
Fraxinus ornus	E3	1		1	2	2	1	2	+	+		+	4		1		1	2	2	3	15	79
Fraxinus ornus	E2b	+		2	1	1	1			1	+		1	+		+	1	2	1	1	14	74
Fraxinus ornus	E2a		1	2	3	1		1	+	1	+			+	1	+	1	2	1	1	15	79
Fraxinus ornus	E1									+		r	+	1		+		1			6	32
Euonymus verrucosa	E2		1		+	+	1	+									+				6	32
Primula veris subsp. columnae	E1	+							+	1		+				1					5	26
Peucedanum schottii	E1				+		+						+			1	+				5	26
Primula x ternovania	E1	+																			1	5
CO Carpinion orientalis																						
Asparagus tenuifolius	E1		+					+										+			3	16
Sesleria autumnalis	E1		+			+											+				3	16
Ruscus aculeatus	E2a	+	+																		2	11
Knautia drymeia subsp. tergestina	E1																	+			1	5
Mercurialis ovata	E1																	1			1	5
QP Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae																						
Melittis melissophyllum	E1		+		1	+	1	1	+	+		+				1	1	1	1	1	13	68
Sorbus aria	E3	+	+		+	1	1		+	+		+		+		1	+			1	12	63
Sorbus aria	E2b			+	+	+	1	+			1				+	1	1		+	1	11	58
Sorbus aria	E2a			+	+	1			+	+	1			+		+	+	+		1	11	58
Sorbus aria	E1				+							+		+						1	4	21
Cornus mas	E2	1	+	+	2	+	+	1										+	+		9	47
Hypericum montanum	E1					+		+	+	+				+	+	+	+		+		9	47
Convallaria majalis	E1					1	+									1	1		+	1	6	32
E1
E1
E1
E1
E3
E2a
E1
E1
E1
E1
E2
E2
E1
E1
E1
E2a
E1
E1
E1
E3
... 1	. + . + + .			.+			5	26
+ + . +				.+	+		5	26
	+ . . . . .		.. 1	.+		2	4	21
1...	..1...						2	11
				.3	1		2	11
				.+			1	5
	+ . . . . .						1	5
			.. 1				1	5
				.2			1	5
				.+			1	5
					1		1	5
+				.r		+	3	16
	1.....				+		2	11
	+		+				2	11
		.+				+	2	11
			.+.		+		2	11
. . + .							1	5
+							1	5
1 5
3 16
+
r
Number of releve (Zaporedna štev. popisa)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 P
Fr.
Acer platanoides Acer platanoides Acer pseudoplatanus Acer pseudoplatanus Geranium robertianum Phyllitis scolopendrium Polystichum aculeatum Ulmus glabra Ulmus glabra AF Aremonio-Fagion
Cyclamen purpurascens Knautia drymeia Lamium orvala Omphalodes verna Epimedium alpinum Cardamine enneaphyllos Scopolia carniolica Helleborus niger EC Erythronio-Carpinion Primula vulgaris Helleborus odorus Galanthus nivalis FS Fagetalia sylvaticae
E3 E1 E3 E1 E1 E1 E1 E3 E1
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
11
11
+ + + + + + . . . . + .
E1 . + E1 + + E1 . .
+ + 16 84 .+
3 16 2 11 2 11 15 15
8 42 3 16 15
Galium laevigatum	E1		+		1	+	1	1.		+	+ . . . 1	+++	. 11	58
Campanula trachelium	E1		+	1	1	+	1	+.	+		.1...		.8	42
Salvia glutinosa	E1	+	+	+	+			1+				. r .	.7	37
Asarum europaeum subsp. caucasicum	E1	+	+		1		+				+ . . . .		.5	26
Euphorbia amygdaloides	E1	+				+		++			. . . + .		.5	26
Fagus sylvatica	E3b						r	.+	r		r . . . +		.5	26
Fagus sylvatica	E2b									+	. . . . +		.2	11
Fagus sylvatica	E2a									+			.1	5
Fagus sylvatica	E1							+.					.1	5
Galeobdolonflavidum	E1	+			+		+	1.					.4	21
Carpinus betulus	E3		+		+		r	+.					.4	21
Brachypodium sylvaticum	E1			+	+	+					.1...		.4	21
Neottia nidus-avis	E1			+	+				r			.+.	.4	21
Dryopteris filix-mas	E1			+	+		1	+.					.4	21
Mercurialis perennis	E1				+			+.	+		+ . . . .		.4	21
Symphytum tuberosum	E1						+				r . . . 1	.+.	.4	21
Epipactis helleborine	E1									+	+.+.+		.4	21
Lathyrus vernus subsp. vernus	E1		+		+	+							.3	16
Mycelis muralis	E1		+	+	+								.3	16
Lilium martagon	E1		+								. . . . +	+ . .	.3	16
Melica nutans	E1					+		+.		+			.3	16
Viola reichenbachiana	E1					+		1.			+ . . . .		.3	16
Daphne mezereum	E2a						+	+.			+ . . . .		.3	16
Pulmonaria officinalis	E1		+				+						.2	11
Carpinus betulus	E2a			+	+								.2	11
Poa nemoralis	E1						1				+ . . . .		.2	11
Scrophularia nodosa	E1						+				+ . . . .		.2	11
Lonicera alpigena	E2							+.			r . . . .		.2	11
Myosotis sylvatica	E1								+	+			.2	11
Fraxinus excelsior	E3				r								.1	5
Lathyrus vernus subsp. flaccidus	E1					+							.1	5
Epilobium montanum	E1						+						.1	5
Heracleum sphondylium	E1						+						.1	5
Cephalanthera damasonium	E1							+.					.1	5
Cardamine bulbifera	E1							+.					.1	5
Tilia cordata	E1										+ . . . .		.1	5
Prenanthes purpurea	E1										+		.1	5
Prunus avium	E2a											.+.	.1	5
Querco-Fagetea														
Corylus avellana	E2	1	+	1	+	+			r		+ + + . +		. 10	53
					191									
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
++
+
+
Number of releve (Zaporedna štev. popisa)	1	2 3	4	5	6	7	8	9 10 11 12 13 14 15	16	17 18	19 Pr.	Fr.
Carex digitata	E1 .	+ .	1	+	1	+	+	+ . . . 1 . .	+		. 9	47
Vinca minor	E1 1	+2	1	1	1			...1...			.7	37
Cephalanthera longifolia	E1 .		+	+		+	+			++	.6	32
Hepatica nobilis	E1 .		1	+	1	+		. + . . . . .			.5	26
Lonicera xylosteum	E2 .	.+	1		+	+		+			.5	26
Clematis vitalba	E2 .	.1	+				+	. . . + . . .			.4	21
Festuca heterophylla	E1 .		+					...... 1	+	.+	.4	21
Veratrum nigrum	E1 .		+	1	+						+4	21
Viola riviniana	E1 .	.+	+					+			.3	16
Rosa arvensis	E2a .						+	......+		1.	.3	16
Acer campestre Acer campestre Hedera helix Hedera helix Listera ovata Pyrus pyraster Pyrus pyraster Taxus baccata Taxus baccata Cruciata glabra Carex montana EP Erico-Pine^ea
E3 .	+
E2b .	.
E3a +	1
E2 .	1
E1 .	.
E3 .	.
E2a	.	.	+
E3a	+ .	.
E2b	1	.	.
E1	.	.	.
E1	.	.	.
Rosa canina Cornus sanguinea Ligustrum vulgare Rubus fruticosus agg. Rosa glauca Viburnum lantana Prunus spinosa Berberis vulgaris TG Trifolio-Geranietea
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria
E2a
E2
E2a
E2a
E2
E2
E2a
E2
++ +.
2 11
1	5
2	11 2 11 2 11 15 2 11 15 15
Buphthalmum salicifolium	E1	+.	+	.1	+	+	1	+	+	+	.+	+	+	++	+	1	16	84
Calamagrostis varia	E1		+	+2	+	1				+	.+	+	1		2		10	53
Cirsium erisithales	E1	+.			+	+				+			1	.+		1	7	37
Polygala chamaebuxus	E1							+	+		.+	+		.+	+	1	7	37
Amelanchier ovalis	E2								+		.+	+		++		+	6	32
Carex alba	E1	+.		3+		2										1	5	26
Aster amellus	E1		+	.+							.+	+		.+			5	26
Epipactis atrorubens	E1		+	.+			+				.+			.+			5	26
Erica carnea	E1			.+									+	.+	+	2	5	26
Chamaecytisus hirsutus	E1						1	+			2.			.+	1		5	26
Peucedanum austriacum s. lat.	E1					+	1	+	1								4	21
Carex ornithopoda	E1			.+					+		.+						3	16
Molinia caerulea subsp. arundinacea	E1												+	.+	+		3	16
Rubus saxatilis	E1							+					+				2	11
Rhamnus saxatilis	E2a										.2	+					2	11
Cotoneaster tomentosus	E2											+				1	2	11
Leontodon incanus	E1													.+		1	2	11
Genista radiata	E2a							+									1	5
Aquilegia nigricans	E1															+	1	5
Crepis slovenica	E1															1	1	5
Vaccinio-Piceetea																		
Hieracium murorum	E1	.+		.+			+						+	.+	+		6	32
Picea abies	E2										.+		+				4	21
Solidago virgaurea	E1	.+		+.	+									.+			4	21
Clematis alpina	E2a								+	+							2	11
Veronica urticifolia	E1								+				+				2	11
Saxifraga cuneifolia	E1				+												1	5
Abies alba	E2					+											1	5
Rhamno-Prunetea																		
Crataegus monogyna	E2	++	+		+	+					+.			.1	r		8	42
Rhamnus catharticus	E2		1		+						++	+		.+		+	7	37
4 21 3 16 3 16 2 11 2 11 2 11 15 15
E1 + + +
+ + 1 1 1 + + 1
+ 1 + 1 16 84
+
+
+
+
+
++
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Number of releve (Zaporedna štev. popisa)		1 2 3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19 Pr.	Fr.
Clinopodium vulgare	E1	. . 1	1	1	1		1	+	+	+	1		+	1				+ 12	63
Digitalis grandiflora	E1	+ . .	+	1	+	1	1	+	+	r	1			+		+		. 12	63
Achillea distans	E1	. . +	+	+	1		1	1		1	+			+		+	+	. 11	58
Polygonatum odoratum	E1	. . +	+				+	+	+	+	+	+			+	+	+	. 11	58
Silene nutans	E1	. . +	+	+			+	+	1		1		+				+	.9	47
Valeriana collina	E1		+	+	+	+	+	+	1		+						+	.9	47
Origanum vulgare	E1			+		1	+	+		+	1					+	+	.8	42
Anthericum ramosum	E1		+					+			+	+				+	+	.7	37
Libanotis montana s. lat.	E1		+	1		+	1				+	+					+	.7	37
Viola hirta	E1	+ . .	+								1		+			+	+	.6	32
Lilium carniolicum	E1		+	+				+					r			+	+	.6	32
Thesium bavarum	E1							+	1	+		+				+	+	.6	32
Thalictrum minus	E1		+					+							+	+	+	.5	26
Verbascum lanatum	E1			+				+		+				+			+	.5	26
Inula conyza	E1		+				+				+		+					.4	21
Geranium sanguineum	E1													+		+	1	.3	16
Iris graminea	E1													+	+	+		.3	16
Laserpitium latifolium	E1													1	+	r		.3	16
Valeriana nemorensis	E1		+							+								.2	11
Trifolium rubens	E1		+												+			.2	11
Laserpitium siler	E1								+			+						.2	11
Hypericum perforatum	E1									+			+					.2	11
Astragalus glycyphyllos	E1	+																.1	5
Salvia pratensis subsp. saccardiana	E1					+												.1	5
Verbascum lychnitis	E1									+								.1	5
Trifolium aureum	E1										+							.1	5
Calamintha einseleana	E1												+					.1	5
Vicia sylvatica	E1													+				.1	5
Peucedanum cervaria	E1																+	.1	5
FB Festuco-Brometea
Dianthus hyssopifolius (D. monspessulanus) E1
Carex humilis	E1
Teucrium chamaedrys	E1
Euphorbia cyparissias	E1
Galium lucidum	E1
Brachypodium rupestre	E1
Genista tinctoria	E1
Bromus erectus agg.	E1
Ajuga genevensis	E1
Thymus praecox s. lat.	E1
Helianthemum ovatum	E1
Stachys recta	E1
Allium carinatum subsp. pulchellum	E1
Centaurea bracteata	E1
Inula hirta	E1
Arabis hirsuta	E1
Carlina vulgaris	E1
Pimpinella saxifraga	E1
Koeleria pyramidata	E1
Teucrium montanum	E1
Hippocrepis comosa	E1
Cirsium pannonicum	E1
Allium carinatum subsp. carinatum	E1
Peucedanum oreoselinum	E1
Centaurea triumfettii	E1
Scabiosa triandra	E1
Satureja montana subsp. variegata	E1
Carlina acaulis	E1
Linum viscosum	E1
Festuca rupicola	E1
Medicago lupulina	E1
Veronica barrelieri	E1
Polygala vulgaris	E1
11
+ . + .
++
13	68
11	58
10	53
9	47
9	47
9	47
8	42
8	42
7	37
6	32
6	32
4	21
4	21
4	21
4	21
3	16
3	16
3	16
3	16
3	16
3	16
3	16 21 21 21
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
++
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
+
+
++
+
+
+
+
+
+
++
+
+
Number of releve (Zaporedna štev. popisa)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 P
Fr.
ES
Cuscuta epithymum Galium verum Linum tenuifolium Sanguisorba minor Scabiosa columbaria Plantago media Potentilla pusilla Prunella grandiflora Asphodelus albus Hypochoeris maculata Centaurea fritschii Globularia punctata Elyno-Seslerietea
Hieracium bifidum Geranium macrorrhizum Viola pyrenaica Ligusticum seguieri Cerastium subtriflorum Veronica fruticulosa Gypsophila repens Biscutella laevigata Petasites paradoxus AT Asplenie^ea trichomanis Asplenium ruta-muraria Asplenium trichomanes
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
E1 E1
.1 11
+ + + + + + + + + + + 1 1 1 + . + 1
Sesleria caerulea subsp. calcaria	E1 .			21		1	3	2	.1	.1	11	1	. 10	53
Phleum hirsutum	E1 .			+.	.2		+	+	+.				.5	26
Carduus crassifolius	E1 .				.+	1	+		.+	+.			.5	26
Acinos alpinus	E1 .				.+	+	1			1.			.4	21
Cerastium strictum	E1 .					+		+					.2	11
Globularia cordifolia	E1 .								.1	+.			.2	11
Scabiosa lucida subsp. stricta	E1 .					r							.1	5
Campanula witasekiana	E1 .					+							.1	5
Helianthemum grandiflorum	E1 .						1						.1	5
Leucanthemum maximum agg.	E1 .						+						.1	5
Alchemilla vulgaris agg.	E1 .						+						.1	5
Erigeron glabratus	E1 .									+.			.1	5
Gentiana lutea subsp. symphyandra	E1 .										+.		.1	5
EA Epilobietea angustifolii														
Fragaria vesca	E1 .	.+	1	+1	.+	1	+	+	+.	.+	+.	+	. 12	63
Hypericum hirsutum	E1 .			.+				+					.2	11
Rubus idaeus	E2a .							+				+	.2	11
Galeopsis speciosa	E1 .							r					.1	5
Carex muricata	E1 .								+.				.1	5
MuAMulgedio-Aconitetea														
Aconitum angustifolium	E1 .		+	++		1		1					.5	26
GU Galio-Urticetea														
Geum urbanum	E1 .	.+							+.				.2	11
Torilis japonica	E1 .	.+							+.				.2	11
Rubus caesius	E2a .		+										.1	5
Viola odorata	E1 .	+.											.1	5
Solanum dulcamara	E1 .							+					.1	5
Turritis glabra	E1 .											+	.1	5
MA Molinio-Arrhenatheretea														
Lotus corniculatus s. lat.	E1 .				.+	+		r	+.	+.	+.		+7	37
Dactylis glomerata	E1 .	.+		++	.+				+.				.5	26
Lathyrus pratensis	E1 .	.+			.+	+			+.		.+		.5	26
Veronica chamaedrys	E1 .	.+	+		++	+							.5	26
Festuca rubra	E1 .							+		.+			.2	11
Leucanthemum ircutianum	E1 .			+.									.1	5
Angelica sylvestris	E1 .			.+									.1	5
Colchicum autumnale	E1										+		1	5
TR Thlaspietea rotundifolii														
3 16 2 11 2 11 2 11 5 5 5 5 5
+ . 15 79 . . 11 58
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
++
Number of releve (Zaporedna štev. popisa)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Pr. Fr.
Sedum album	E1
Festuca stenantha	E1
Polypodium vulgare	E1
Moehringia muscosa	E1
Saxifraga petraea	E1
Athamanta turbith	E1
Sedum maximum	E1
Silene hayekiana	E1
Sempervivum tectorum	E1
Hieracium glaucum Kernera saxatilis Ceterach javorkeanum Sedum hispanicum Potentilla caulescens Seseli gouanii Hieracium pospichalii Micromeria thymifolia Phyteuma scheuchzeri subsp. columnae Campanula spicata Carex brachystachys Dianthus sylvestris Erysimum sylvestre Moehringia villosa
Iris pallida subsp. cengialti	E1
O Other species (Druge vrste)
Juniperus communis	E2
Juglans regia	E2
Festuca sp.	E1
ML Mosses and lichens (Mahovi in lišaji)
. + + . 1
+ . + + . .1
Anomodon attenuatus Scleropodium purum Dermatocarpon miniatum Porella platyphylla Cladonia pyxidata Rhytidium rugosum Dicranum scoparium Fissidens dubius Bartramia halleriana Eurhynchium striatum Metzgeria furcata Plagiochila porelloides Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus Neckera complanata Collema crispum Polytrichum formosum Thuidium abietinum
E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0 E0
E1		. + . . .	+		+.
E1		. . + . .	. . + + . . .		
E1	.. 1		+		
E1		. + . . .			+.
E1			+ +		
E1	.+.				
E1		+			
E1		. . . + .			
E1			r . . . . . .		
E1			. + . . . . .		
E1			+		
E1			. . . . + . .		
E1				+	
Schistidium apocarpum	E0 .		1	1		+	+	+	+	+	1+	1	. 1 +	++
Tortella tortuosa	E0 .			+			+	+	+	+	.+	+	. + +	++
Anomodon viticulosus	E0 .	12	1		1	+	1	1	+	+	1.			
Homalothecium sericeum	E0 .		1	1	+	+		+		+		+	.+.	+.
Homalothecium lutescens	E0 .	.2	1	+	1		1		+			+	.+.	
Isothecium alopecuroides	E0 .	+.	+	1	+						+.		.. +	
Neckera crispa	E0 .			1	2	+			+	+				.+
Hypnum cupressiforme	E0 .	.1	1	1	+				+					
Peltigera canina	E0 .	.+	+		+		+				+.			
Ctenidium molluscum	E0 .	.1	+			1			+					
Thuidium delicatulum	E0 .	.+		+	+		+							
10	53
8	42 7 37
6	32
5	26 4 21 4 21 4 21 4 21
3	16
3	16
3	16
2	11
2	11
2	11 15
5	26 15 15
14	74
11	58
10	53
9	47
8	42
6	32 6	32 5	26 5	26 4	21 4	21 3	16 3	16 2	10 2	11 2	11 2	11
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
Legend - Legenda A Limestone - apneenc D Dolomite - dolomit L Marlstone - laporovec
Gr Gravel - grušč R Chert - roženec Re Rendzina - rendzina Li Lythosols - kamnišče
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+
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+
+
r . .
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2
+
+
+
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+
+
+
+
+
+
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+
+
+
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Table 3 (Tabela 3): Fraxino orni-Ostryetum phyteumatetosum columnae subass. nova.
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
23456789 10
Database number of releve (Delovna številka popisa)
Elevation in m (Nadmorska višina v m) Aspect (Lega)
Slope in degrees (Nagib v stopinjah) Parent material (Matična podlaga) Soil (Tla)
Stoniness in % (Kamnitost v %)
Cover in % (Zastiranje v %):
Upper tree layer (Zgornja drevesna plast)
Lower tree layer (Spodnja drevesna plast)
Shrub layer (Grmovna plast)
Herb layer (Zeliščna plast)
Moss layer (Mahovna plast)
Maximum diameter of trees (Največji prsni premer dreves) Maximum height of tress (Največja drevesna višina) Number of species (Število vrst) Releve area (Velikost popisne ploskve)
E3b
E3a
E2
E1
E0
cm
m
4 3 2
6 SE 40 DR Re Re 10 50
E 50 D
4 3 2
0 7 0
E 45 D Re 30
9 9 4
0 81
SE 50 D Re 20
0 2 9 6 4
050 565 876
2 2 692 246
9 6 4
70 7
69
246
0 5 8
SE E NE E NE NE 40 45 45 45 40 45 DDDDDD Re Re Re Re Re Re 30 20 40 20 30 50
80 60 60 70 90 80 60 60 60 60
20 30 40 20 10 10 40 40 30 70 80 80 90 60 80 60 5
80 50 55
5 5 5 10 5
5
30
60
5
15
14
40 50 39 63 60 58 86 66 74 70
200 200 100 200 200 200 200 200 200 200
20 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 25 10 10 6 8 9 10 8 7 10
Date of taking releve (Datum popisa)
5	3	3	1	1	1			9	9
0	0	0				9	9	9	9
0	0	0	0	0	0	9	9	9	9
		r^				9	9		
									
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5	00				00			5	
b
o
Locality (Nahajališče)
Quadrant (Kvadrant)
Coordinate GK Y (D-48)
Coordinate GK X (D-48)
-R o-
v
o rah
Gr
7 3 7
b ro
v
nov
94 9
0
3 9 8 0
4
92
9 8 9 0
lda ol
3
949
9
2 962 9 0
4
a	a	a
ic	ic	ic
pi	pi	pi
o	o	o
k	k	k
S	S	S
r^		
o^		00
4	4	4
9	9	9
9	9	9
2	6	2
5	5	9
3	3	4 84
8	8	
0	0	0
4	4	4
7	4	2
2	3	2
3	3	0
6	6	6
0	0	0
		
5	5	5
b ro
v o d
GG
o K
r^
948
9
0 9 0 4
0 3 7
o K
94 9 9
949 8 0 4
4 04
be
o
v o ndo
KK
on m
6 3 8
3 2
4
9 61
0 0
6 0 0
Diagnostic species of the association (Diagnostične vrste asociacije)
ES	Betonica alopecuros	E1	1 +	+	+	1	1	1	1	.1
AT	Paederota lutea	E1	. +	+	+	+		+	+	11
AT	Potentilla caulescens	E1	. +	+	+	+	+	+	+	
EP	Allium ericetorum	E1	. +	+	+	+	+	1	1	
EP	Asperula aristata	E1	. +	+	+	+	+	+	+	
ES	Phyteuma orbiculare	E1				+	+	+		
AT	Primula auricula	E1		1	+	+				+ 1
VP	Picea abies	E3								.r
VP	Picea abies	E2							r	+ r
TR	Campanula cespitosa	E1		1			+	+		.r
m
m
m
11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32
\o 8 2	\o 0 a\ 4 2	5 3 246	5 6 6 4 2	3 0 c^ 2 2	5 0 c^ 2 2	0 6 4 2	0 c^ 2 2	8 0 38 2	91 9 6 4 2	81 698 246	c^ 0 38 2	01 3 6 4 2	8 8 698 246	c^ 8 9 6 4 2	8 6 696 246	8 698 246	3 3 9 6 4 2	0 6 31 2 2	9 3 4 3 2	81 3 4 3 2	c^ 5 6 5 245
		0 5 8	60 4	00 4	0 3 5	0 71	500	20 4	60 3	90 3	480	0 5 4	0 7 3	60 3	20 6	20 4	0 5 7	0 1020	0 71	0 1000	0 3 0
E	NE	W	NNWNW		NW	SEE	N	E	NE	W	NE	NNW	N	SEE	W	E	E	NE	NE	S	S
45	45	45	40	40	50	40	30	45	40	45	45	45	25	45	35	45	40	45	40	45	40
D	Dr	DA	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	D	DA	A	DA	A	A
Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Li	Re
10	60	40	20	20	20	10	10	10	10	50	20	20	20	30	10	70	40	20	40	70	40
70	70	70	60	80	60	70	70	70	50	60	70	60	60	70	60	80	80	70	70	60	70
30											5				20		10				
70	30	30	30	10	20	30	20	20	40	30	30	30	40	30	70	30	60	20	30	30	20
10	60	70	80	80	80	50	80	80	70	70	80	90	80	70	40	60	10	80	70	70	60
	20	10	5	10	5	10	5	5	10	5	5	5	10	10	5	10		5	20	5	10
20	20	15	20	20	15	15	20	25	20	15	30	20	15	25	30	25	15	15	10	15	15
12	8	7	8	14	8	8	16	12	14	10	16	10	8	10	12	12	8	6	5	4	8
44	41	55	58	37	47	45	56	53	50	65	70	47	47	60	44	71	45	61	63	53	51
200	100	200	200	200	100	100	200	200	200	200	200	200	100	200	200	200	200	100	200	200	200
04 0	04 0	2 0 0	c^ c^	0 0	0 0	04 0	0 0	0 01 r^	04 0	9 9 9	0 01 r^	01	04 0	04 0	9 9 9	01 S3	2 0 0	5 9 9	91 9	7 9 9	2 01 r^
00			o^	r^ o^	S^		s^	o^	55	r^	o^		55				r^ on			o^	o^
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1 + + + + + 111111 + + +
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Pr. Fr. 28 88
r+
+
+ + . + + + + + + . . . + . .
+ + + 1
rr +.
				r	+	+	+	16	50
+	1	1				+		14	44
			.+		+	+	+	12	38
+				1	1	+		11	34
				+	+	+	2	11 3	34 9
10 31 10 31
++
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ +
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
23456789 10
EP	Galium purpureum	E1	+ + . . .	. . + . .
BA	Salix appendiculata	E2	. . . + .	. + . + +
FS	Laburnum alpinum	E3		. . . + r
FS	Laburnum alpinum	E2		. . . + r
FS	Laburnum alpinum	E1	. . r . .	
BA	Salix glabra	E2a	. . + . .	. + . . .
TR	Hieracium porrifolium	E1		r + . . .
AF	Anemone trifolia	E1		. . r + .
AT	Campanula carnica	E1		
AF	Rhamnus fallax	E2	. + . . .	
Differential species of the subassociation (Razlikovalne vrste subasociacije)
Fraxinus ornus Euonymus verrucosa Primula veris subsp. columnae CO Carpinion orientalis Asparagus tenuifolius Mercurialis x paxii Aristolochia lutea QP Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae
E1 E2 E1
E1 E1 E1
11
AT	Phyteuma scheuchzeri subsp. columnae	E1		+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	1
CO	Mercurialis ovata	E1	2	1	+	+	+	+	+	+	1	+
EP	Rhododendron hirsutum	E2a			+			+	+		1	+
QP	Cotinus coggygria	E2							1			
AF	Omphalodes verna	E1									+	r
TG	Salvia pratensis subsp. saccardiana	E1						+	+			
ES	Laserpitium peucedanoides	E1			+				+			
AT	Primula carniolica	E1						r	r	r		+
AF	Potentilla carniolica	E1									1	
FB	Scabiosa hladnikiana	E1									+	
EP	Rhodothamnus chamaecistus	E1			+				+	+		
AT	Daphne alpina	E2a		+		+	+		+			+
EP	Genista januensis	E1							+		+	+
FO	Fraxino orni-Ostryion											
	Ostrya carpinifolia	E3	2	4	3	3	4	4	3	3	3	3
	Ostrya carpinifolia	E2b	+	+	1	+	+		1	1	1	1
	Ostrya carpinifolia	E2a		+			+		+			
	Ostrya carpinifolia	E1										
	Fraxinus ornus	E3	2	1	+	2	2	2	1	1	2	1
	Fraxinus ornus	E2b	1	1		2	1	1	1	1	1	1
	Fraxinus ornus	E2a	1				1	1	1	1		1
Sorbus aria	E3	2	+1	11	+		1	+	+
Sorbus aria	E2b	+	+1	11	1	1	+	1	
Sorbus aria	E2a		+.	.+	+	1	+	+	+
Sorbus aria	E1			.+					
Melittis melissophyllum	E1	+		.+	+	+		+	+
Convallaria majalis	E1	1	+.			+	+	+	r
Carex flacca	E1			11	1	+			
Cornus mas	E2								
Quercus pubescens	E3b	2							
Quercus pubescens	E1								
Clematis recta	E1								
Epipactis muelleri	E1								
+
+
+
11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	Pr.	Fr.
		+			+	+								+					+	+		9	28
	+		r								+		1					+				9	28
	+																+					4	13
+			+			+	+															6	19
	+					+											+			+		5	16
+																			1			4	13
		+																		1		4	13
				1	+																	4	13
																	+				+	2	6
																						1	3
+	+	+	+	+	+	1	+	+	+	+	+	+		1	+	+	1					26	81
		r			r		+	1	+	1	+		+	1	+	1		+		+		23	72
3	3	r	1	+		+					2	+	+					+	1			16	50
			r	2	2	2	+	+	3	+	+	+	3		+	2						14	44
r	r	+	+		+					+	1	+		+								11	34
								+			+	+		+	+							8	25
+											+	+							1			6	19
									r		+	+	+									8	25
+					+					+	1	+										6	19
								r	1	+	+			+								6	19
+																			1			5	16
						+																6	19
					1										+							5	16
3	3	4	3	4	3	3	4	4	3	3	4	3	4	4	3	4	4	4	3	3	3	32	100
+	1					+	+		1	1	1	1	1		+				1		+	21	66
		+	+	+	+								+	+				+	1	1	+	13	41
+			+																			2	6
2	2	1	1	1	2	1	1	1	+	1	+	2		1	1	r	2		1	1	2	30	94
1	1	1	1	1	1	2		1	1	1	1			1	1	2	+	1	2		1	27	84
			+	+	1			1	1	+	+				1	1		1	1	1	1	19	59
+	+	+				+	+		1		+		1	+				+		+	1	16	50
+							+			r						+						6	19
																		+				1	3
							+			+			+		+	+						5	16
																						1	3
							1															1	3
1	+		1	1	+	+		+			r		+	+	1	+						21	66
+		1	1			+	+	+	+	1	1	+	+		1		+	1	1	+	+	26	81
+									+	+	+		+		+	+		+	+	+	+	18	56
		+																				2	6
					+		+	+		+	r			1		+		+		+		15	47
	+	1	+					+			1							1	2	+		14	44
	+				+		+			+		+			+							10	31
1 +
+ .
+ r .+ .+
16 9 3 9 6
+
r
+
+
+
+
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
_123456789	10
E1..........
E2b..........
E1..........
E1..........
E1.....r	1	.	1	.
E2	......	r	.	r	r
E1	+......+	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	+	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E3	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E3	.	. . . .	.	.	+	.	.
E2	.	. . . .	.	.	+	+	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E2a	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E3	.	. . r .	.	.	.	.	.
E2a	.	. . . .	.	.	.	+	.
E1	.	+ . + +	.	r	.	+	.
E2b	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	+	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	+ 1 + 1	1	.	+	+	+
E1	.	. . + +	1	+	+	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	+	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	1	.
E1	.	+ . . .	.	.	+	.	.
E3	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	r
E2b	.	. . r .	r	.	.	.	.
E2a	.	. . + .	r	r	r	+	r
E1	.	. . + .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	r	+	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . + +	.	.	.	.	.
E2	.	. + . .	.	.	.	+	+
E1	.	. 1 . +	.	.	.	.	+
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	r	.	.	.	.
E2a	.	. . . .	.	.	.	+	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . r .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
E2a	.	. . . .	.	.	.	.	.
Orchis signifera Sorbus austriaca s. lat. Viola alba subsp. scotophylla Buglossoides purpurocaerulea QR Quercetalia roboris Pteridium aquilinum Frangula alnus Serratula tinctoria Quercus petraea Potentilla erecta Quercus robur Quercus robur Populus tremula Populus tremula Betonica officinalis Lembotropis nigricans TA Tilio-Acerion
Acer pseudoplatanus Acer pseudoplatanus Acer pseudoplatanus Tilia platyphyllos Aruncus dioicus Thalictrum aquilegiifolium Polystichum aculeatum AF Aremonio-Fagion
Cyclamen purpurascens Helleborus niger Knautia drymeia Euphorbia carniolica Cardamine enneaphyllos EC Erythronio-Carpinion
Primula vulgaris FS Fagetalia sylvaticae Fagus sylvatica Fagus sylvatica Fagus sylvatica Fagus sylvatica Epipactis helleborine Melica nutans Salvia glutinosa Lonicera alpigena Mercurialis perennis Viola reichenbachiana Neottia nidus-avis Daphne mezereum Galium laevigatum Lathyrus vernus subsp. vernus Lilium martagon Mycelis muralis
Asarum europaeum subsp. caucasicum Prenanthes purpurea Campanula trachelium Prunus avium
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32	Pr. Fr.
.......+..............13
........r.............13
................+.....13
................+.....13
r+
+	+ . .	.	+
.	.	+	+	r	+
.	. . .	+	+	.
.	. . .	r	.	.
.	. .	+	+	11
.+
1+
++ .r
10 31 9 28 6 19 5 16 4 13 13 39 13 26 13 13
+ + . . + + +
r.+
26 5 16 10 31
+ + 1 + 1 + + 1 + 11	+ .11 + + 1 + 1
. + . + . . . + + 1 +	. .1 + . + . . .
r.. +.......+.....r..
. . . . + +.....rr.......
+	+
28 88 14 44 5 16 4 13 39
+1
7 22
. r + . + . . + . . + .
r+
rrr
+++ .+.
7	22
5	16 9	28 13
6	19 6	19 6	19 4	13
3	9
3	9
2	6
2	6
2	6
2	6
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
++
+ +
r
+
+
+
+
+
r
r
+
+
+
+ +
r
r
r
r
r
r
+
+
+
+
+
r
+
++
+
r
+
+
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
123456789 10
QF Querco-Fagetea
Carex digitata Hepatica nobilis Corylus avellana Cephalanthera longifolia Veratrum nigrum Viscum album subsp. album Platanthera bifolia Viola riviniana Lonicera xylosteum Pyrus pyraster
Listera ovata Clematis vitalba Rosa arvensis Vinca minor EP Erico-Pinetea
Erica carnea	E1	3	3
Amelanchier ovalis	E2	+	2
Polygala chamaebuxus	E1	1	1
Calamagrostis varia	E1	1	
Buphthalmum salicifolium	E1		
Chamaecytisus hirsutus	E1		+
Molinia caerulea subsp. arundinacea	E1	+	
Leontodon incanus	E1	+	
Cirsium erisithales	E1	+	
Rubus saxatilis	E1		
Cotoneaster tomentosus	E2		+
Carex ornithopoda	E1		+
Rhamnus saxatilis	E2a		
Chamaecytisus purpureus	E1		
Carex alba	E1		
Aster amellus	E1		+
Genista radiata	E2a		+
Pinus sylvestris	E3b		
Pinus sylvestris	E2b		
Epipactis atrorubens	E1		
Pinus nigra	E3b		+
Pinus nigra	E2		+
Aquilegia nigricans	E1		
Euphrasia cuspidata	E1		
Crepis slovenica	E1		
Peucedanum austriacum s. lat.	E1		
Vaccinio-Piceetea			
Hieracium murorum	E1		
Rosa pendulina	E2a		
Valeriana tripteris	E1		
Solidago virgaurea	E1		
Lonicera nigra	E1		
Rhamno-Prunetea, Sambuco-Salicion capreae			
Rhamnus catharticus	E2	+	+
Viburnum lantana	E2		
Crataegus monogyna	E3		
Crataegus monogyna	E2		
E1	.	.	.	+	.	.	.	.	+	+
E1	.	.	1	.	.	.	.	.	+	.
E2	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	+	.	.
E1	+	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
E3a	.	+	.	.	.	+	.	.	.	.
E1	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	.	.	.	r	.	.	.	.	.
E2	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
E3a	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
E2	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
E2a	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
E1	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.	.
4	4	3	3	4	3	3
1	+	1	1	1	1	1
+	1	+	1	+	+	1
+	2	3	1	1	2	1
		+	+	+	1	+
+	+		1	1	+	+
1	+	+	1			
			+		+	+
		1			1	
		r	+	1	1	
				+	+	+
				+		r
+
+
+
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
i. Dakskobler: Phytosociological description of Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxxinus ornus communities ^ 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Pr. Fr.
+ + .
1 + .
. + +
.+.
r
2	2	3	2	2	3	1	2	4	4	3	3	3	4	3	1	1	2
1	+	1	+		+	+	+	+	1	+	+	1	+	+	+	+	+
1	1	1	1	+			+	1	1	1	1	+	1	1	1	1	+
1	1	2	1		+					+	1	1	1		+	+	1
2		+						1	1	+	1	+	+		+	+	
		+			+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	1	2	+	1	
		+	1	+				1	3	+	2	3		1	+		
+			+		+				+	+			+			+	
									+	+	1	1		+		+	
			+					+			+						
		+	+														
	+	r	+			+											
		r						+	1		+		+	1	r		+
+. +. r.
+r
Pr.	Fr.
14	44
7	22
4	13
3	9
3	9
2	6
2	6
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
31	97
31	97
28	88
24	75
20	63
20	63
15	47
12	38
10	31
10	31
9	28
8	25
8	25
7	22
7	22
6	19
5	16
2	6
3	9
3	9
2	6
2	6
2	6
2	6
1	3
1	3
8	25
6	19
4	13
3	9
1	3
18	56
6	19
2	6
6	19
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
2
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
r
+
+
r
+
+
+
+
++
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
23456789 10
Berberis vulgaris SSC Sorbus aucuparia SSC Sorbus aucuparia Cornus sanguinea Ligustrum vulgare Rosa canina Berberis vulgaris Rubus fruticosus agg. TG Trifolio-Geranietea
E2a
E3a
E2a
E2
E2a
E2a
E2b
E2a
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria	E1	1	+		r	1	1	1	+	1	+
Anthericum ramosum	E1	+	+		+			+	+	+	1
Viola hirta	E1	1	+		+		+	+	+	+	+
Polygonatum odoratum	E1	+			+	+	+	+	+		+
Laserpitium siler	E1				+			+	1	1	1
Lilium carniolicum	E1	+			+	+	+	r		r	+
Origanum vulgare	E1				+	+		+	+	+	
Thalictrum minus	E1	+			r		+	+	1		
Thesium bavarum	E1	+			+			+	+		
Iris graminea	E1	+			1	1	+				
Geranium sanguineum	E1	+				+					
Digitalis grandiflora	E1										
Laserpitium latifolium	E1										
Achillea distans	E1				+	+					
Coronilla coronata	E1						+				
Valeriana collina	E1										
Clinopodium vulgare	E1				+					+	
Grafia golaka	E1						1		+		
Silene nutans	E1								+		
Hypericum perforatum	E1						+				
Campanula rapunculoides	E1										
Peucedanum cervaria	E1										
Libanotis montana s. lat.	E1										
Verbascum lanatum	E1										
Festuco-Brometea											
Carex humilis	E1	3	3	2	2	2	1	1	1	2	1
Galium lucidum	E1		+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Teucrium chamaedrys	E1	+				+		+		+	r
Dianthus hysssopifolius (D. monspessulanus)	E1	+	+		+	1	+	+	+		
Peucedanum oreoselinum	E1		+	+				+	+		
Teucrium montanum	E1		+	+	+	+	+	+			r
Brachypodium rupestre	E1	+			+	2	1	+			
Euphorbia cyparissias	E1				+	+	+				
Stachys recta	E1				+	+					
Thymus praecox s. lat.	E1									+	+
Inula hirta	E1							+	+		
Centaurea bracteata	E1				+			1	+		
Carlina acaulis	E1							+			
Bromus erectus agg.	E1	+									
Ajuga genevensis	E1				+						
Satureja montana subsp. variegata	E1										
Euphorbia verrucosa	E1							+			
Campanula glomerata	E1								+		
Linum catharticum	E1										
+
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Pr. Fr.
	r.	1	+	1	1	+	2	1	+
	.+		+	+		+	+	1	+
1	.+	+			+		+		+
							1	+	
				+		+	+	+	
				1		+			
	.r			+		+			
		+					+	+	+
			+	+		+			+
							+		+
.	1	+	1
+	1	+	+
.	+	.	+
+	1	+	+
+	+	.	.
+
+ + + +
r. r +
+ +	.
..	r
+ .	+
+ .	+
+	+
+ + +
. +
+ + + +
11 + .
+ +
5 1 2 2 2 2 1 1
26 21
16 3 6 6 6 6 3 3
81
66
19	59
16	50
15	47
11	34
11 11 11
34 34 34
10 31 7 22
16 16 9 9 9 6 6 6 3 3 3 3 3
32
1 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 2
+	1
.	+
+	.
+	+
+ + . + . +
.1 .1
+	.	1 + +	+ +
.	+ ...	+ .
.	+	+ . .	. +
+	+	+. +	+.
1 12 2 + 2
1
+
++
+.
r
++ +.
++
+. +1 .+
.+
+2
30	94
21	66
16	50
14	44
14	44
13	41
12	38
9	28
8	25
19 19 16 16 13 9 9 6 6 6
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
+
++
+
+
+
+
+
r
+
+
+
2
+
++
r
+
+ +
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
+
+
r
++
+
+
r
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
123456789 10
Allium carinatum subsp. pulchellum	E1 .		
Thlaspi praecox	E1 .	. . + . . .	
Festuca rupicola	E1 .	. . . + . .	
Anthyllis vulneraria	E1 .		.. r
Hippocrepis comosa	E1 .		.. r
Allium carinatum subsp. carinatum	E1 .		
Thesium linophyllon	E1 .		
Asperula cynanchica	E1 .		
Cirsium x linkianum	E1 .		
Prunella grandiflora	E1 .		
Helianthemum ovatum	E1 .		
Linum viscosum	E1 .		
Gentianella ciliata	E1 .		
Genista tinctoria	E1 .		
ES Elyno-Seslerietea
SCF Tofieldia calyculata
Leucanthemum maximum agg. Pimpinella alpina SCF Parnassia palustris Hieracium pilosum Festuca calva Carex firma
Centaurea haynaldi subsp. julica Gentiana lutea subsp. symphyandra Thesium alpinum Scabiosa lucida subsp. stricta Ea Epilobietea angustifolii Eupatorium cannabinum MuA Mulgedio-Aconitetea Centaurea montana Aconitum angustifolium Veratrum album s. lat. MA Molinio-Arrhenatheretea Lotus corniculatus s. lat. Festuca rubra agg. Taraxacum officinale Veronica chamaedrys Leucanthemum ircutianum
Thlaspietea rotundifolii Hieracium bifidum Gymnocarpium robertianum Biscutella laevigata Adenostyles glabra Astrantia carniolica Petasites paradoxus Aquilegia einseleana Campanula cochleariifolia
TR
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
E1
E1 E1 E1
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
Sesleria caerulea subsp. calcaria	E1	2 2 3 1	2	322	12
Carex mucronata	E1	.+.+	+	.+.	++
Carduus crassifolius	E1	. + 1 +	+	+++	
Globularia cordifolia	E1	. . . +	r	.+.	.1
Aster bellidiastrum	E1			+ . .	+.
Hieracium villosum	E1			.+.	.+
+ . r
.	+	+ .	r
.	. .	+	.
+	+ . .	.
.	. . .	+
+
r
+ +
+
11 1g 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 gg 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Pr. Fr.
g
322243233423343 + 1 133 + .....1.....+.......+ 1
++ +.
+.
++
1	32	100
	10	31
+	10	31
	7	22
	4	13
	3	9
	3	9
	2	6
	2	6
	1	3
	1	3
	1	3
	1	3
1	1	3
+	1	3
+	1	3
+	1	3
2 6 2 6 13
7 22 39 13 13 13
++++
11 4 3 2 1 1 1 1
34 13 9 6 3 3 3 3
+
+
+
r
+
+
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
3
r
+
+
++
+
+
+ +
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
+
+
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
123456789 10
Gypsophila repens AT Asplenietea trichomanis
E1
O
Asplenium ruta-muraria	E1
Asplenium trichomanes	E1
Athamanta turbith	E1
Valeriana saxatilis	E1
Kernera saxatilis	E1
Hieracium glaucum	E1
Micromeria thymifolia	E1
Erysimum sylvestre	E1
Seseli gouanii	E1
Primula x venusta	E1
Dianthus sylvestris	E1
Rhamnus pumilus	E1
Moehringia muscosa	E1
Cardaminopsis arenosa	E1
Polypodium vulgare	E1
Saxifraga crustata	E1
Sedum album	E1
Carex brachystachys	E1
Paederota bonarota	E1
Campanula spicata	E1
Iris pallida subsp. cengialti	E1
Other species (Druge vrste)	
Juniperus communis	E2
Juglans regia	E2
Viola sp.	E1
Mosses and lichens (Mahovi in lišaji)	
Neckera crispa	E0
Ctenidium molluscum	E0
Tortella tortuosa	E0
Schistidium apocarpum	E0
Fissidens dubius	E0
Homalothecium sericeum	E0
Hypnum cupressiforme	E0
Scleropodium purum	E0
Homalothecium lutescens	E0
Homalothecium philippeanum	E0
Porella platyphylla	E0
Rhytidium rugosum	E0
Conocephalum conicum	E0
Orthothecium rufescens	E0
Grimmia pulvinata	E0
Encalypta streptocarpa	E0
Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus	E0
Isothecium alopecuroides	E0
Atrichum undulatum	E0
Dicranum scoparium	E0
++ +
+	+	+	+	+	+
+	+	+		+	
+	r	+			
	r	+			+
+	+	+	1	+	+	+	1	+
+	+	+	+	+	+	+	1	+
+		+	+	+	+	+	+	+
+	+		+		+		+	+
						+	+	+
Legend - Legenda A Limestone - apneenc D Dolomite - dolomit R Chert - roženec
Re Rendzina - rendzina Li Lythosols - kamnišče
+
+
+
+
r
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
i. Dakskobler: Phytosociological description of Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxxinus ornus communities ^ 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
++++++++ . . . . . . + +
+ + + + 1 .... 1
++++++ . + + + . .
+.+
r+
r+ .+
12 + 1 1 + + + +
+++
11
1	1	+	1	+	+	1
.	1	.	.	+	+	1
.	.	+	+	.	.	.
.	.	+	.	.	.	+
1 + + +
+.+.
+ + . +
.+
1+
++++
+ + + 1 + . + 12. + 1 + 1
+ 1 + 1
+ 1 + +
Pr.	Fr.
1	3
28	88
11	34
7	22
7	22
5	16
4	13
3	9
2	6
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
7	22
2	6
1	3
25	78
25	78
24	75
15	47
10	31
7	22
7	22
6	19
4	13
3	9
2	6
2	6
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
r
+ +
+
+
+ +
+
+
+
++
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Table 4 (Tabela 4): Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum carpinifoliae Franz ex Dakskobler ass. nov. hoc loco.
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
6 9 8 2 2 2	6 8 8 468 2	7 8 8 468 2	8 8 8 468 2	6 0 0 8 3 2	0 4 9 409 2	0 0 9 469 2	8 9 9 7 3 2	2 2 0 7 247	0 0 3 6 246	61 7 3 21	3 81 2 2 2	3 7 71 247
0 6 0	0 9 4	0 4 4	0 5 5	5 8 2	0 7 6	0 4 6	0 6 2	0 9 2	0 41	0 2 0	0 2 6	0 5 5
S	N	NE	NE	NW	NE	E	E	NE	N	NNW	NE	NE
35	40	35	45	45	40	30	45	45	40	35	45	50
D	D	D	D	D	D	Gr	D	D	D	DA	D	DR
Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re
20	5	10	10	10	50	70	0	5	5	40	40	70
70	70	70	70 10	80 5	80 5	90	60	40 30	70	40 50	70	70
20	40	60	60	20	40	50	70	50	30	30	50	20
80	60	80	60	60	40	50	60	90	80	60	30	50
	10	10	15	10	10	10	10	20	5	20	20	10
15	20	20	25	30	20	30	20	25	20	30	30	25
8	8	7	10	17	16	17	15	14	10	16	10	12
57	42	42	50	50	60	38	78	45	50	51	47	65
Database number of releve (Delovna štev. popisa)
Elevation in m (Nadmorska višina v m) Aspect (Lega)
Slope in degrees (Nagib v stopinjah) Parent material (Matična podlaga) Soil (Tla)
Stoniness in % (Kamnitost v %) Cover in % (Zastiranje v %):
Upper tree layer (Zgornja drevesna plast)	E3b
Lower tree layer (Spodnja drevesna plast)	E3a
Shrub layer (Grmovna plast)	E2
Herb layer (Zeliščna plast)	E1
Moss layer (Mahovna plast)	E0
Maximum diameter of trees (Naj. prsni pr. drev.) cm Maximum height of tress (Največ. drev. višina) m Number of species (Število vrst) Releve area (Velikost popisne ploskve)	m2
Date of taking releve (Datum popisa)
Locality (Nahajališče)
200 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 100 100 200 200 200
0 0 0
7
96 99
-H a\
--H	l/^
H
M
Dol
rpe Sr
60 91 90
C^ 00
^^ c^
H
rpe Sr
rpe Sr
04 0
R
pi
kop
S
21
cj
o
o m
ki
s lar
bi
o k d Pod
v rtov Kr
še tovš rt
u b
Gor
11 01	04	6
	0	9
		9
		
--H		
		
	d	
	a	
		
	č	
	peč	
.M	a	
n č	ov	
a	en	
an		
	a	la
	Ma o	
je	-c	
rel br	nta maric em	ja
0 0 0 2
>1^ ^ kJ P
g
a k jš koj Zak
Quadrant (Kvadrant) Coordinate GK Y (D-48) Coordinate GK X (D-48)
-H
645 747 747 999
2 0 2 702
6 466
73 20 21
0 420
1 7 74
747 849 99
2
8 6 3 6 41
00
948
9
0 4
^ ^ c^
9
949
9
0 0 2
0 8 8 3 0
94 9
6 0 6
94 9
3
4 0 0 6
34 48 646 9
a\
02 4
5
3 2 8 0

4 3 2
	Diagnostic species of the asociation (Diagnostične vrset asociacije)										
EP	Rhododendron hirsutum	E2a +	23	4	23	3	3	+	23	3	2
VP	Rosa pendulina	E2a +	11	+	.1		+	1	.+		+
BA	Salix appendiculata	E3					+				
BA	Salix appendiculata	E2 +		+			+	+	1+	+	+
FS	Fagus sylvatica	E3 .	r .	r	r.	+	1	1	r.	1	
FS	Fagus sylvatica	E2 .	r .	+	++	+	+	+		+	
FS	Fagus sylvatica	E1 .			.+				.r		
TR	Gymnocarpium robertianum	E1 .	+1	+	.1	1	1		11		+
AT	Valeriana saxatilis	E1 .					+			+	+
m
m
14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35 Pr. Fr.
471 2	5 7 71 247	91 2 4 244	5 9 8 468 2	7 9 8 6 246	9 91 6 246	8 91 469 2	8 6 0 230 2	9 8 8 6 246	0 9 8 468 2	91 8 6 246	3 9 8 468 2	2 9 8 468 2	^ 8 6 246	9 469 2	5 2 9 469 2	6 2 9 6 246	7 2 9 469 2	9 2 9 469 2	0 3 9 6 246	31 9 469 2	2 3 9 469 2
0 61	0 9 5	0 7 6	0 61	0 61	0 61	0 7 5	0 0	0 81	0 81	0 5 6	0 7 6	0 5 5	0 8 7	0 5 7	0 5 7	0 71	0 8 6	0 3 9	0 91	0 91	0 9 8
NE	N	N	NNE	NW	NNW	N	N	N	N	N	N	N	NNW	NE	N	N	NW	N	N	NW	NW
45	45	15	50	45	35	40	40	45	40	25	35	45	40	45	45	40	45	35	40	35	35
DR	DR	D	D	D	D	DRG	D	AR	AR	AR	AR	AR	AR	AR	AR	AR	AR	DA	AR	Gr	DA
Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Re	Ly	Co
60	30	20	10	10	20	20	10	20	30	40	30	20	30	40	20	20	30	20	20	40	20
80	60	70 10	70	70 10	90	80	60	90	80	70	90	60	70 20	70	80	60 10	80	70	70	80 10	70
60	70	60	60	50	40	60	50	50	30	50	70	60	40	30	30	30	20	40	40	40	60
30	30	70	60	60	60	70	70	80	80	60	50	80	70	60	60	70	70	70	70	40	50
10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	20	10	5	10	20	20	20	10	10	10	10	10
25	30	20	15	35	25	20	25	25	25	15	20	20	30	25	20	30	20	15	25	40	20
12	18 (8)	12	10	15	16	14	10	7	7	5	8	6	12	10	10	14	12	8	12	16	10
51	40	65	48	58	72	71	43	44	45	38	39	55	56	54	49	37	50	49	53	41	41
200	200	200	200	200	400	200	200	200	200	100	200	200	200	200	200	100	200	200	200	200	200
0	0	2	04	04			8	3	3	3	3	3	3					2	2	2	2
0	0	01			9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	2	2	2	2	0	0	0	0
0	0		0	0	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
r^					9	9								0	0	0	0				
	So												^^	c^	r^						
--H					--H	--H			--H					m	on						
5									5												
pa	pa
ra	ra
gr	g
a	a
k	k
	
't?	
k	k
Zak	Zak
	
4	4
8 9	8 9
7	2
9	4
81	2
	8
	
4	4
5	9
6	6
2	2
4	4
	
	
5	5
o da
3
949
9
6 646

949
9
2 5 7 41
9746
9 0
949
9
6 8 4
b ro ov rado
k

94 9
0 4
		g (3	s (3	g (3	s <0	s (3	g (3
b ro		O a O m	o a o m	O a O m	o a o m	(3 a O M	(3 a O m
v o d ra		-T3	-T3	-T3	-T3	-a	-T3
		ši	c3 (J	ši	c3 (J	c3 (J	ši
k						jb	
	m o KJ						
							
948 9	4 7 9	4 7 9	748 9	4 7 9	00 748 9	748 9	4 7 9
2 01 090 4	91 3 063 4	5 41 064 4	5 41 064 4	6 2 061 4	6 3 061 4	7 2 061 4	9 6 3 063 4
2 822 1048	2 7	4 0	6 2	2 4	4 2	0 4 3 0 2	9 0
	184	01 2	01 2	01 2	01 2		01 2
51	51	51	51	51	51	51	51
>o	>o	>o	>o				
h>			j>				
				a v	a	a v	a v
				o	ov	o	o
	"(S	Is	"(S	n		n	n
				Dr	Drn	Dr	Dr
1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
č^	č^			č^	č^	č^	
5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
8	8	8	8	8	8	8	8
9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9
2	2	7	9	8	6	3	7
0	9	5	31	6	5	2	0
4	3	3		41		41	41
5	5	5	5		4		
2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2
4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
3	8	7	8	8	2	9	3
9	2	6	2	0		8	7
8	9	9	0	4	4	4	4
2	2	2	3	2	2	2	2
							
							
5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5
4 4
Pr. Fr.
35 100 29 83
1
3
	+		1	+	+	+	+	+	r	+	+	+	+	1	+	.+	+	+	2	26	74
+	+	1			r	+	r			r	+	+				.+	1	+	1	21	60
+	+			r	+					r				r		.r		+	+	17	49
+					+	+								r		+.		+		8	23
+	+	1	1	1	1	1	1			+			r	r			+	+	2	23	66
+	+		1	+	+	+		r	r		r	+	+	r		.+	1		+	18	51
+
+
Number ofreleve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
1
2 3
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
TR Adenostyles glabra	E1
TA Acer pseudoplatanus	E3
TA Acer pseudoplatanus	Egb
TA Acer pseudoplatanus	E1
ES Carex ferruginea	E1
Differential species of lower units (Razlikovalne vrste ni~jih enot) Molinia caerulea subsp. arundinacea Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus
EP AF FS FS FS FS VP
Mercurialis perennis Laburnum alpinum Laburnum alpinum Laburnum alpinum Hieracium murorum SSC Sorbus aucuparia SSC Sorbus aucuparia SSC Sorbus aucuparia FS Lathyrus vernus subsp. vernus FS Lathyrus vernus subsp. flaccidus FS Salvia glutinosa VP Homogyne sylvestris FO Fra^ino orni-Ostryion Ostrya carpinifolia Ostrya carpinifolia Ostrya carpinifolia Ostrya carpinifolia Fraxinus ornus Fraxinus ornus Fraxinus ornus Fraxinus ornus Euonymus verrucosa Primula veris subsp. columnae CO Carpinion orientalis Mercurialis ovata Asparagus tenuifolius Sesleria autumnalis QP Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae Sorbus aria Sorbus aria Sorbus aria Sorbus aria Convallaria majalis Melittis melissophyllum Carex flacca Cornus mas Hypericum montanum Sorbus austriaca s. lat. Sorbus austriaca s. lat. Epipactis muelleri Cotinus coggygria Arabis turrita QR Quercetalia roboris Pteridium aquilinum Potentilla erecta Serratula tinctoria Frangula alnus
E1
E1
E1
E3
Eg
E1
E1
E3a
Ega
E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
E3b
E3a
Egb
Ega
E3
Egb
Ega
E1
Eg
E1
E1 E1 E1
E3
Egb
Ega
E1
E1
E1
E1
Eg
E1
E3
Eg
E1
Eg
E1
E1 E1 E1 Eg
3	1	2	1		+ .	1		3
1				+		1	2	3
						+				+	+	1
							+	+		1	1	
3	3	3	4	4	4	4	2	3	3	3	2	3
			1									
1	+	1	1		+		1	1	+	+		+
									+	+		
2		2	1	1			1	1			2	2
1	1	1	1	1	+	+				+	1	1
1			1				1			+	1	1
						+				+		
				+			+	+				+
			+									
					+							
				+								
	+	1	1		+	r	+	+	1		1	
+		+	1					+	+	+	+	+
+			+							1	+	
1	1	1	+									
+		1	+				+				1	+
+					+				+			
4
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
3
+
+
+
+
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Pr. Fr. + . 1 . . 1
1	2			+		+	1 . .		+	+	1	3	16	46
1	+	1	1.				+						9	26
1	+	+	+								+	+	10	32
+		+	+	+	+			. +	r		+	+	13	37
+	+	+	+										7	20
11 6 21 19 10
7 16
3 10
8 8 5
13 13
31 17 60 54 29 20 46 9 29 23 23 14 37 37
1	1	1	1	2	+	+	1		+		+	+	+	+	+
+	+	+	+	+	+	+	2	1	+	+	+				r
+				+	+	+		+	+		+				+
				+					+				r	+	1
+ . + .
+ +
+	1
.	r
.	+
+	+
11
11 .r
+ .
1 +
+ + 11
+ + + 111
33
+ 1
+
33 1 +
3442
. + . .
+ + + +
34 11
33
2 +
+
53
33
35 100
+ +. + +. . + + + + +
1	1	1	+	2		+		1	1	+	1	+	+	+	+	+			1	
1	1	+	+	1	1	1	. +		+	r	1				+					+
+			+		+		.1	+	+				+		1					+
	+					+	. +	+					+	r			+	+	+	
+															+					
					+	+														
											+									
+	+			r	+	+	11	1	+	1		+	+	1			+	+	1	+
+	+		+		+	+		+	r	1	1	+	+	+		+	+	+	+	+
+	+												+	+						
7 28 6 26 23 15 11 6 1
20 80 17 74 66 43 31 17 3
39 13 13
26 25 8 4 8 7 3 3 3 2 2 1 1 1
74 71 23 11 23 20 9 9 9 6 6 3 3 3
5 14 4 11
39 39
+
+
+
+ +
+ +
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
+
r
+
+
+
+
+
r
r
+
+
+
+ +
+
+
+
r
4
+
+
+
+
+
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
+ +
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
23
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Quercus petraea Betula pendula Rubus hirtus
Populus tremula Populus tremula Populus tremula Quercus robur Betonica officinalis TA Tilio-Acerion
Polystichum aculeatum Aruncus dioicus Euonymus latifolia Acer platanoides Ulmus glabra Ulmus glabra Polystichum setiferum Thalictrum aquilegiifolium AF Aremonio-Fagion
Cyclamen purpurascens Anemone trifolia Omphalodes verna Cardamine enneaphyllos Euphorbia carniolica Knautia drymeia Helleborus niger Rhamnus fallax Primula vulgaris Cardamine trifolia Potentilla carniolica Daphne blagayana Scopolia carniolica FS Fagetalia sylvaticae
E1
E3
E2a
E2a
E3b
E2b
E2b
E1
E1
E1
E2
E1
E3a
E2b
E1
E1
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E2 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
Galium laevigatum	E1
Daphne mezereum	E2a
Melica nutans	E1
Lonicera alpigena	E2
Epipactis helleborine	E1
Mycelis muralis	E1
Galeobdolon flavidum	E1
Prenanthes purpurea	E1
Viola reichenbachiana	E1
Neottia nidus-avis	E1
Symphytum tuberosum	E1
Euphorbia amygdaloides	E1
Asarum europaeum subsp. caucasicum	E1
Phyteuma spicatum subsp. coeruleum	E1
Brachypodium sylvaticum	E1
Lilium martagon	E1
Luzula nivea	E1
Pulmonaria officinalis	E1
Paris quadrifolia	E1
Polygonatum multiflorum	E1
Heracleum sphondylium	E1
Tilia cordata	E1
Actaea spicata	E1
+	1	+	1	1	
				1	
				+	2
+				+	
					+
+					+
				1	
					1
	1	+	1	+	+
				+	+
+	+	+	+	+	+
					+
+	+	+	+		+
					+
+ 1
4
+
+
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
+
r
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + . + + . . . . ................+ . r r . .
1 1 1
+ + +
1+ + .+ +
+ 1 1 1 1 . + + 1 . 2 1 1 . .
1111 + 1 1 + 1 + . .
1 + .	.
111	+
.+	+
+ +	+
+ + + 1..
1111
+ + + . . + + . + +
Pr.	Fr.
3	9
3	9
2	6
2	6
2	6
1	3
1	3
1	3
10	29
8	23
3	9
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
33	94
17	49
13	37
12	34
8	23
7	20
6	17
6	17
14 11
9 6 3
+	+	+	1	1	+	+		+	+	.. 1	+ . .	. + +	+	1	+	26	74
+	+	+	+	+	+	+	1	+	1	. + +	+ . .	. . +	+	+	+	24	69
				+	+	+	+			.. 1	+ . .					15	43
					+		+		+	+ . .	+ . .	.. 1	+	1	1	11	31
r+
.+
++
20 11
9 9 9 9 9 6 6 6 6 6 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
+
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
+ +
+
r
+
+
++
+
r
r
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
23
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
QF
EP
VP
Dryopteris filix-mas Querco-Fagetea
Carex digitata Hepatica nobilis Corylus avellana Spiraea chamaedryfolia
Veratrum nigrum Lonicera xylosteum Viscum album subsp. album Cephalanthera longifolia Vinca minor Rosa arvensis Ilex aquifolium Platanthera bifolia Viola mirabilis Carex umbrosa Aegopodium podagraria Clematis vitalba Hedera helix Festuca heterophylla Erico-Pinetea
Asperula aristata Chamaecytisus hirsutus Pinus sylvestris Pinus sylvestris Cotoneaster tomentosus Pinus nigra Pinus nigra Epipactis atrorubens Genista radiata Rhamnus sa^atilis Chamaecytisus purpureus Galium purpureum Aster amellus Pinus mugo
Gymnadenia odoratissima
Vaccinio-Piceetea
Valeriana tripteris Solidago virgaurea Picea abies Picea abies Picea abies Picea abies
E1
E1
E1
E2
E2a
E1
E2
E3a
E1
E1
E2a
E2b
E1
E1
E1
E1
E2
E2
E1
+ .	.+		+	1	+	+	+	+++	
+ .			+	+				+	.1
+.	+.	+		+				+	.+
		1	+	+	3	1			
		1	+		+		1		
		+						.r.	
E1
E1
E3b
E2b
E2
E3b
E2b
E1
E2a
E2a
E1
E1
E1
E2b
E1
E1
E1
E3
E2b
E2a
E1
Calamagrostis varia	E1	+	2		1		1	.1	+	1	+	+	1
Erica carnea	E1	+	2	1	2	+	+	.3	3	1	2	+	+
Cirsium erisithales	E1	1	+	+	1		1	.+	+	1	+	+	+
Carex alba	E1	+		1		2	1	2.	+	+	2		1
Polygala chamaebuxus	E1	1	1	1	+	+		.1				+	
Rubus sa^atilis	E1	+	1	1	+	+	+	.1	+		1	+	
Buphthalmum salicifolium	E1	+		+	+	+		.+		+	+		1
Amelanchier ovalis	E2	+	1	1	+						1		
Carex ornithopoda	E1												
Peucedanum austriacum s. lat.	E1	+						.1	+				+
Aquilegia nigricans	E1					+	1	.+					
Rhodothamnus chamaecistus	E1		+										
4
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
r
r
+
+
+
i. Dakskobler: Phytosociological description of Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxxinus ornus communities ^ 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
+	+ + + + + + . + + rr + .+ +. + . . . .
+ .1.1 + +.......+ 111 + 1 + +
+	+ 1.+ + + . . . . . .+. . . . + . + +
.	. . . . + + ...............
. . 1..........r........
.................r	. . . +
.	. . . . + + ...............
.	. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . + . . . .
.	+ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.	. . . . . . . . . . . + .........
r +
1	1	1	3	2	1	1	2	+	1	2	2	2	2	1	1	3	1	2	2	+	1
+	1		1		+	+	1	+	+	2	1	1	+	3	3	3	3	3	4	1	3
	+	+	1	1	1	1	1	+	+			+	+		+		+	+	+		
	+	3	1	2	+	+	1	1	2	1	+	1							+		
			1	+			+			1	1	+		1	1	1	1	+	1	+	+
		1		+	1	1	1	+			+							1	+	+	+
	+	+	1	1	+	+	+	+					+				1	r			
					+	+	+							+	+	+	+	+			
		r	+											r	+	+	+		+	+	
				+	+	+											+				
		+			+	+															
		+	+		+	+	r														
Pr.	Fr.
1	3
25	71
18	51
16	46
7	20
6	17
4	11
3	9
2	6
2	6
2	6
2	6
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
32	91
32	91
26	74
22	63
21	60
21	60
19	54
13	37
8	23
8	23
6	17
6	17
5	14
4	11
4	11
2	6
3	9
3	9
3	9
3	9
2	6
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
18	51
17	49
14	40
11	31
13	37
7	20
+
r
r
+
+
r
+
+
+
r
+
r
+
+
r
+
+
+
r
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
r
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Gentiana asclepiadea Veronica urticifolia Larix decidua Larix decidua Clematis alpina Laserpitium krapfii Aposeris foetida Abies alba Abies alba
Maianthemum bifolium Oxalis acetosella Polystichum x illyricum Polystichum lonchitis Gymnocarpium dryopteris Vaccinium myrtillus Calamagrostis arundinacea Dryopteris dilatata Lonicera nigra RP Rhamno-Prunetea Berberis vulgaris Berberis vulgaris Berberis vulgaris Rhamnus catharticus Rhamnus catharticus Viburnum lantana Rosa canina Viburnum opulus Euonymus europaea Crataegus monogyna TG Trifolio-Geranietea
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Anthericum ramosum Laserpitium latifolium Laserpitium siler Campanula rapunculoides Grafia golaka Achillea distans Clinopodium vulgare Origanum vulgare Polygonatum odoratum Verbascum lanatum Lilium carniolicum Salvia pratensis subsp. saccardiana Thesium bavarum Digitalis grandiflora Viola hirta FB Festuco-Brometea Carex humilis Peucedanum oreoselinum Galium lucidum Brachypodium rupestre Bromus erectus agg. Teucrium chamaedrys Linum catharticum Stachys recta
E1
E1
E3
Egb
Ega
E1
E1
E3
Eg
E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
Egb
Ega
E1
E3a
Egb
Eg
Ega
Ega
Ega
E3a
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
+ .
+ +
+
+
+
+
r
r
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
i. Dakskobler: Phytosociological description of Ostrya carpinifolia and Fraxxinus ornus communities ^ 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
+++
+++
+ + + +
1 + + 1
Pr.	Fr.
8	23
7	20
6	17
1	3
5	14
5	14
4	11
3	9
2	6
2	6
2	6
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
3	9
2	6
1	3
2	6
1	3
2	6
2	6
1	3
1	3
1	3
16	46
5	14
4	11
3	9
3	9
2	6
2	6
2	6
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
	3
14	40
3	9
3	9
3	9
1	3
1	3
1	3
1	3
+
+
+
+
+
r
+
+
+ +
+
r
+ +
+ +
+
+ +
r
+
+ +
+
2
+
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
E1.............
E1.............
E1.............
E1.............
Carlina acaulis Centaurea bracteata Thymus praecox s. lat.
Dianthus hyssopifolius (D. monspessulanus) ES Elyno-Seslerietea
Sesleria caerulea subsp. calcaria	E1
Betonica alopecuros	E1
Phyteuma orbiculare	E1
Laserpitium peucedanoides	E1
Aster bellidiastrum	E1
Carex mucronata	E1
Pimpinella alpina	E1
Campanula thyrsoides	E1
Carduus crassifolius	E1
SCF Pinguicula alpina	E1
SCF Tofieldia calyculata	E1
Globularia cordifolia	E1 EA Epilobietea angustifolii
Eupatorium cannabinum	E1
Rubus idaeus	E2a BA Betulo-Alnetea viridis
Salix glabra	E2a MuA Mulgedio-Aconitetea
Senecio ovatus	E1
Aconitum angustifolium	E1
Centaurea montana	E1
Veratrum album s. lat.	E1
Athyrium filix-femina	E1
Aconitum degenii subsp. paniculatum	E1 MA Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
Galium mollugo	E1
Lotus corniculatus s. lat.	E1 TR Thlaspietea rotundifolii
Campanula cespitosa	E1
Astrantia carniolica	E1
Hieracium bifidum	E1
Aquilegia einseleana	E1
Petasites paradoxus	E1
Hieracium porrifolium	E1 AT Asplenietea trichomanis
Asplenium ruta-muraria	E1
Asplenium viride	E1
Phyteuma scheuchzeri subsp. columnae	E1
Saxifraga crustata	E1
Asplenium trichomanes	E1
Paederota lutea	E1
Campanula carnica	E1
Carex brachystachys	E1
Athamanta turbith	E1
Primula auricula	E1
Kernera saxatilis	E1
Moehringia muscosa	E1
Primula carniolica	E1
Rhamnus pumilus	E1
Hieracium pospichalii	E1
+	2	1	1	1	.
+ .	.	.	+	1
+	+	+	+	+	1
+ .	.	.	.	.
+
111
. 1 . +
+++
r+
1+
+.+
+.+
++ .+
+
+
+
+
r
+
++
++
+
++
++
+ +
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
+
+
+
r
r
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35	Pr. Fr.
.......r..............13
............r.........13
..............+.......13
.................+ . . . .	13
+ +	13g	+ + 133ggggg + 11331
.	+ .. + + . + 1..r........
.	. . . +......r........
.	.	+ . + + ..............
.	+.....+ + r.r........
.	r	......... r ....... .
.	.	. . . . . + +...........
+ + +
32 12 11 7 6 3 2 1 1 1 1 1
5 2
91 34 31 20 17 9 6 3 3 3 3 3
14
6
+ + + + + 1
10 29
+ .
+ 1
+ r + . r +
10 4 3 1 1 1
29 11 9 3 3 3
+ + +
23 11 11
6 3 3
+ + . 1 + 1
r +
+ r
+ + + .
r
. 1 + 1 1 + +
+ + + + r r r + + .
+ . .
+ + .
+ r
+ .
+ +
15 9 8 7 7 6 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 1 1
43 26 23 20 20 17 11 11 9 9 9 9 6 3 3
+
+
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
r
+ +
+
+
r
+ +
+ +
+
+
+
+
+
+ +
+
r
r
+
+
Number of releve (Zaporedna številka popisa)
23
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
O
ML
Polypodium vulgare
Micromeria thymifolia
Daphne alpina
Silene hayekiana
Other species (Druge vrste)
Juniperus communis
Juglans regia
Tussilago farfara
Selaginella helvetica
Mosses and lichens (Mahovi in lišaji)
E1 E1 E2a E1
E2 E2 E1 E1
Ctenidium molluscum	E0
Neckera crispa	E0
Fissidens dubius	E0
Tortella tortuosa	E0
Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus	E0
Hylocomium splendens	E0
Polytrichum formosum	E0
Scleropodium purum	E0
Eurhynchium striatum	E0
Plagiochila porelloides	E0
Thuidium tamariscinum	E0
Homalothecium philippeanum	E0
Hypnum cupressiforme	E0
Schistidium apocarpum	E0
Metzgeria furcata	E0
Plagiomnium undulatum	E0
Conocephalum conicum	E0
Orthothecium rufescens	E0
Cladonia sp.	E0
Rhytidiadelphus loreus	E0
Encalypta streptocarpa	E0
Homalothecium lutescens	E0
Solorina saccata	E0
Plagiothecium denticulatum	E0
Marchantia polymorpha	E0
Cladonia pyxidata	E0
Thuidium delicatulum	E0
Thuidium abietinum	E0
Bryum capillare	E0
Peltigera leucophlebia	E0
Atrichum undulatum	E0
Bartramia halleriana	E0
Mnium thomsonii	E0
Mnium marginatum	E0
Isothecium alopecuroides	E0
Plagiopus oederi	E0
Peltigera canina	E0
Dicranum scoparium	E0
1 + +
	+	+	2	+		+	2	+	1
1	+		1	+	+		1	2	1
+		+	+			+	1	+	+
		+			+		+		+
	+				1				
+				+	+		+		
+		+							
+						+			
+ 1
Legend - Legenda A Limestone - apneenc D Dolomite - dolomit R Chert - roženec
G	Claystone - glinavec
Re	Rendzina - rendzina
Li	Lythosols - kamnišče
Co	Colluvial soil - koluvialna tla
4
+
+
+
r
+
r
+
+ +
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35	Pr. Fr.
......................1 3
..........+...........13
..............+.......13
..............+.......13
5 14 2 6 13 13
1	1	1	1	1	1	1		2	1	2	1	1	1	1	1	1	+	+	+	+	+	29	83
1	1	1		1	+	+	+	+	1	+	1	1	1	1	1	+	+		+		+	28	80
+	+	+	+	1	1	+	+		+	+	1	+	+	+	+	1		+	+	1	+	27	77
	1	+			+	+	+			+	+	+	+	1	+			+	1	1	+	19	54
			1	1							1	+	+	+	+	+			+		+	14	40
+				+				1	+		1	+	+			+						13	37
1	+				+	+			+			+		+		+	+		+			12	34
										+		1		+		1			+		+	10	29
											+			+	+	+	+			+	+	9	26
+							+	+	+				+		+	+			+			9	26
	+				+	+				+				+								8	23
										+				+				+		+	+	6	17
					+	+				+	+			1	1							6	17
							+	+		+			1									6	17
			+					+	+						+				+			5	14
											+	+										4	11
							+															3	9
																			+			3	9
+																			+			3	9
																						2	6
															+							2	6
									+								+					2	6
														+	+							2	6
+
+
r
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Table 5: Synoptic table of the associations Fraxino orni-Ostryetum, Cytisantho-Ostryetum, Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum, Erico-Ostryetum and Querco-Ostryetum.
Tabela 5: Sintezna tabela asociacij Fraxino orni-Ostryetum, Cytisantho-Ostryetum, Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum, Erico-Ostry-etum in Querco-Ostryetum.
Successive number (Zaporedna številka) Number of releves (Število popisov)
12345 12 136 50 39 35
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 19 23 32 15 11 3 9 11 26
Sign for syntaxa (Oznaka sintaksonov) Differential species of the association
TR	Campanula cespitosa
AT	Primula auricula
TR	Hieracium porrifolium
EP	Asperula aristata
EP	Allium ericetorum
AT	Paederota lutea
ES	Betonica alopecuros
AF	Rhamnus fallax
VP	Picea abies
VP	Picea abies
AF	Anemone trifolia
VP	Valeriana tripteris BA Salix glabra
VP	Rosa pendulina BA Salix appendiculata
FS	Laburnum alpinum
FS	Laburnum alpinum
FS	Laburnum alpinum
ES	Phyteuma orbiculare
AT	Campanula carnica
EP	Galium purpureum
Differential species of the association
EP	Genista januensis
FB	Asperula cynanchica TG Veronica jacquinii
EC	Helleborus atrorubens
FB	Dianthus giganteus subsp. croaticus
EP	Daphne cneorum
QP	Acer obtusatum
QP	Acer obtusatum
EC	Erythronium dens-canis
QP	Quercus cerris
QP	Quercus cerris
QP	Sorbus torminalis
QP	Sorbus torminalis TG Silene nemoralis
EC	Lonicera caprifolium TG Melampyrum nemorosum
FO	Fraxino orni-Ostryion Ostrya carpinifolia Ostrya carpinifolia Fraxinus ornus
^ ^ ^ O Ot Os Or O
W W W W Fraxino orni-Ostryetum s. lat.
E1
O F O
2 O F O
3 O F O
O F O
C)
y C
E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
E1
E2
E3
E2
E1
E1
E2a
E2a
E2
E3
E2
E1
E1
E1
E1
67 27
67 42 33 25 25
17 13 8
80 4 58 42 12 34 28 26
54 23
9 3
14 17
4
11 .
24 46
15 4 2
8
24 48
Querco-Ostryetum s. lat.
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E3 E2 E1 E3 E2 E3 E2 E1 E2 E1
E3 100 98 96 100 100 E2 33 8 48 26 83 E3 8 67 42 54 74
5 10 15 3
33 23 34 51 17 18 40 56 63 21 49 51 51 28 29 83 74 54 29 20 31 11 3
11 17 16 35
31 27 27
11 21 5
26 13 4
.4
47 43 26 22 .9 21 30 26 39 . 35
11	22
.	13
26	26
16	43
34 13
. 18
79 38 33 54 44 13 . 50 . . 88 20 91
5 21
22
39
47 74 32 22
18
9	33	.
31	20	.
13	60	45
13	13	.
13	33	4
19	.	.
28	20	.
13	.	. 19 16 34
6	.	.
27	60	91
4
74
16 3
y C
R
So
15
12
100	50	54	65
100	50	27	35
100	30	54	
33		18	
33		18	
33	10		15
	70	19	
	50	36	
	30		
	10	45	46
	10	45	46
		27	4
		91	38
		64	
		54	35
		54	35
67	100	64	62
67	50	73	96
100	100	45	46
8
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)
1
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Fraxinus ornus	E2
Euonymus verrucosa	E2 Primula veris subsp. columnae Primula x ternovania Peucedanum schottii CO Carpinion orientalis Mercurialis ovata Asparagus tenuifolius Sesleria autumnalis Ruscus aculeatus Knautia drymeia subsp. tergestina Frangula rupestris Coronilla emeroides Mercurialis x paxii Aristolochia lutea Helleborus multifidus Acer monspessulanum QP Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae
Sorbus aria	E3b 17 32
Sorbus aria	E2b
Melittis melissophyllum	E1
Convallaria majalis	E1
Campanula persicifolia	E1
Clematis recta	E1
Quercus pubescens	E3b
Quercus pubescens	E2a
Lathyrus niger	E1
Laburnum anagyroides	E2
Carex flacca	E1
Cornus mas	E2
Hypericum montanum	E1
Sorbus austriaca s. lat.	E3b
Sorbus austriaca s. lat.	E2b
Arabis turrita	E1
Cotinus coggygria	E2
Epipactis muelleri	E1
Tamus communis	E1
Calamintha sylvatica	E1
Buglossoides purpurocaerulea	E1
Coronilla emerus subsp. emerus	E2
Orchis mascula subsp. speciosa	E1
Tanacetum corymbosum	E1
Viola alba subsp. scotophylla	E1
Prunus mahaleb	E2
Cephalanthera rubra	E1
Hierochloe australis	E1
Orchis purpurea	E1
Sorbus domestica	E2
Carex michelii	E1
Quercus x stremii	E3
Quercus x stremii	E2
50 58 66 67
E1 . .	.. 3	26	39
E1 . .		5	
E1 . .		26	22
E1 . .	.. 9	5	4
E1 . .	.. 3	16	4
E1 . .	.. 3	16	4
E2a . .		11	
E1 . .		5	
E2 . .			4
E2a . .			4
E1 . .			
E1 . .			
E1 . .			
E2 . .			
86 100 100 94 17 32 78 19 3
73 45 100 50 100 100 . 18 . . 9 15
36
72 20 16 .
40
100 30 45 96 . 15
27 4
30 10
32	14	67	74	63	78	66	40	64		50	9	35
34	16	49	74	84	87	88	47	45	33	30	64	92
17	2		20	68	74	47	13	82	33	90	100	100
10	8	21	23	32	30	44		19			54	31
7				26	4		7			30	64	42
7				5	13	9	47	27	67	50	45	46
5				11	4	9	53		67	30	73	73
4				5		3	40			30	91	96
2 1											64	38
9 21	. 31 20 9 33 . 73 77
9 47	35 16 20 . 67 70 82 62
9 47	30 . 7 9 . . 27 35
6 .	.
6 .	.
3 42	43
3 .	.
3 .	.
26	9
11	4
44 6
7 18 . 100
5. 54 5. 5
9.
43
30	.	38
.	73	15
.	64 38
18 .	.	.
33 30	91	58
9 33
9 15 36 . 35 . 18 . 9. .4 98
7
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
QR Quercetalia roboris
TA Tilio-Acerion
Acer pseudoplatanus Acer pseudoplatanus Acer pseudoplatanus Polystichum aculeatum Aruncus dioicus Euonymus latifolia Acer platanoides Acer platanoides Polystichum setiferum Thalictrum aquilegiifolium Ulmus glabra Ulmus glabra Tilia platyphyllos Tilia platyphyllos Geranium robertianum Phyllitis scolopendrium Tephroseris pseudocrispa AF Aremonio-Fagion
Cyclamen purpurascens Helleborus niger Rhamnus fallax Omphalodes verna Cardamine enneaphyllos Euphorbia carniolica Knautia drymeia
Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus
Cardamine trifolia Potentilla carniolica
Melampyrum pratense	E1 .	15 2	10 .	5	4		47					
Chamaecytisus supinus	E1 .	10 2										31
Quercus robur	E3 .	1.				3						
Quercus robur	E1 .	7.	.3	5		9						
Quercus petraea	E3 .	4.		26	9			9	33	10	36	31
Quercus petraea	E1 .	3.	.9	26	22	16	7			30	36	42
Genista sagittalis	E1 .	3.										
Pteridium aquilinum	E1 .		. 14	11	4	31			33	90	27	12
Potentilla erecta	E1 .		. 11			13	33					
Betula pendula	E3 .		.9									
Frangula alnus	Eg		.9	16		28	33					
Serratula tinctoria	E1 .		.9	5		19	20		33		100	31
Populus tremula	E3b .		.6			3		9				
Populus tremula	Ega		.6		4	6						
Rubus hirtus	Ega		.6		4							
Betonica officinalis	E1 .		.3	11	4	3					9	42
Populus tremula	Egb		.3			6						
Phyteuma zahlbruckneri	E1 .			11	9			9				
Lembotropis nigricans	Ega			11	13	3	20		33		45	38
Castanea sativa	E1 .				4		7					
Genista germanica	E1 .						27				18	8
E3
£2
E1
E1
E1
Eg
E3a
E1
E1
E1
E3a
Eg
E3
Eg
E1
E1
E1
E1 E1 Eg E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
25 8 8
52 7 4
46 67 10 10 26 51
26	5	4	6					
29		9	16					11
37	5	13	31					
29	5	4	3					
23			3					
9		17		13				
	5	4						
3	5	4						23
3								
3			3		4.			12
3	5							
3	5							
	16	13						
			6					
	5	9						
	5							
		4						
94	84	91	88	93	91 33	70	45	81
17	5		44		100 .	70	27	23
17 37 34 23 20 17 11 9
22
26 11 5
16 4
3
34 9 13 16
18
33
45 35
4
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Daphne blagayana	E1
Scopolia carniolica	E1
Lamium orvala	E1
Epimedium alpinum	E1
Daphne laureola	E2a
Hacquetia epipactis	E1
EC Erythronio-Carpinion
Primula vulgaris	E1
Helleborus odorus	E1
Galanthus nivalis	E1
FS Fagetalia sylvaticae
Fagus sylvatica	E3
Fagus sylvatica	E2
Mercurialis perennis	E1
Salvia glutinosa	E1
Melica nutans	E1
Campanula trachelium	E1
Mycelis muralis	E1
Poa nemoralis	E1
Carpinus betulus	E3
Carpinus betulus	E2a
Tilia cordata	E1
Galium laevigatum	E1
Daphne mezereum	E2a
Lonicera alpigena	E2
Lathyrus vernus subsp. vernus	E1
Epipactis helleborine	E1
Lathyrus vernus subsp. flaccidus	E1
Galeobdolon flavidum	E1
Neottia nidus-avis	E1
Prenanthes purpurea	E1
Symphytum tuberosum	E1
Viola reichenbachiana	E1
Asarum europaeum subsp. caucasicum	E1
Brachypodium sylvaticum	E1
Euphorbia amygdaloides	E1
Lilium martagon	E1
Phyteuma spicatum subsp. coeruleum	E1
Actaea spicata	E1
Dryopteris filix-mas	E1
Heracleum sphondylium	E1
Luzula nivea	E1
Paris quadrifolia	E1
Polygonatum multiflorum	E1
Pulmonaria officinalis	E1
Myosotis sylvatica	E1
Scrophularia nodosa	E1
Cardamine bulbifera	E1
Cephalanthera damasonium	E1
Epilobium montanum	E1
Fraxinus excelsior	E3
18 13 10 26 11 9 6 2 1
4 8 2 22 8
5 11 5
8 60 13 51 26 60
37 43
11
3
74 69 31 23 20 14 9 9 9 9 9 6 6 6 6 6 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
10 9
14 42 35 . 16 .5
42 16 11 21 11 5
11 16 21 5 21 21 5 21
21 26 16
21 9 5. 26 30
11 11 11 5 5 5 5
35	22		54		30	82	65
9							
22	22	20	4	67	50	27	23
17	38	13		67		36	27
39	9		18	33			
57	19		27				38
13	18	7	9				4
4	3		4			36	38
22	3						8
			18				
			9			27	8
4							8
74	6	33	4				23
35	6		4				8
17	13						
22	6					36	12
9	19		18				15
		7					
13	6						15
4	3						
					30	73	
30	9	13	36		10		
30	3						12
			9				
9						18	8
9	3				30		
15
4
4
2
7
4
7
Viola riviniana Acer campestre Acer campestre Listera ovata Pyrus pyraster Pyrus pyraster Carex montana Taxus baccata Taxus baccata Staphylea pinnata Malus sylvestris Anemone nemorosa Melica uniflora Stellaria holostea EP Erico-Pinetea
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10 11	12	13	14
Prunus avium	E2a .					5		3				45	8
Euphorbia dulcis	E1 .											18	12
Sanicula europaea	E1 .											9	
QF Querco-Fagetea													
Carex digitata	E1 .	10	22	15	71	47	78	44	13	54 .	30		4
Corylus avellana	E2 .	8	2	3	46	53	9	13	60	64 .	70	45	4
Cruciata glabra	E1 .	7				5	4		40	18 .			8
Hepatica nobilis	E1 .	7		15	51	26	87	22	40	36 .	70	27	23
Cephalanthera longifolia	E1 .	5			6	32	9	9	7				12
Lonicera xylosteum	E2 .	5		5	11	26	39	3	7	4.	10		15
Festuca heterophylla	E1 .	2			3	21	4					54	31
Spiraea chamaedryfolia	E2a .				20		4						
Veratrum nigrum	E1 .				17	21	26	9					
Viscum album s. lat.	E3a .				9			6					
Ilex aquifolium	E2b .				6							9	
Rosa arvensis	E2a .				6	16	13	3					31
Vinca minor	E1 .				6	37	17	3	20				
Aegopodium podagraria	E1 .				3								
Carex umbrosa	E1 .				3								
Clematis vitalba	E2 .				3	21	4	3	27	18 .	50	27	12
Hedera helix	E3a .					11							
Hedera helix	E2 .				3	11	17		13	. 33		18	
Platanthera bifolia	E1 .				3		9	6	7				
Viola mirabilis	E1 .				3								
E1
E3a
E2b
E1
E3a
E2a
E1
E3
E2
E2b
E2
E1
E1
E1
16 22 11 .
5 11 5 11 5 5 5
4 13 4
9.
54 19 9.
. 30 . 33 30 73 . . 18
67
30
36 18
9 9
Calamagrostis varia	E1	50	56	66	72	91	53	83	75	73	91		30		19
Erica carnea	E1	33	58	64	87	91	26	57	97	93	64		100	27	54
Polygala chamaebuxus	E1	33	65	36	51	60	37	70	88	67	64		50		58
Amelanchier ovalis	E2	25	34	20	39	37	32	22	97	100	100	100	30	36	54
Buphthalmum salicifolium	E1	25	59	50	46	54	84	83	63	47	91		90	91	96
Epipactis atrorubens	E1	8	24	20	13	9	26	13	9	73			10	18	23
Pinus nigra	E3		10	6	5	9			6	27		33			
Pinus nigra	E2	8	4	2	5	9			6	20					
Pinus sylvestris	E3		34	28	23	11		4	6	40					
Pinus sylvestris	E2	8	11	36	18	6			9						4
Cotoneaster tomentosus	E2		22	4	15	9	11	13	27	47	82		10	9	27
Cirsium erisithales	E1		14	44	51	74	37	35	31	7	4				12
3
7
7
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)	1	2	3	4
Rubus saxatilis	E1 .	12	12	44
Chamaecytisus hirsutus	E1 .	7	2	
Euphrasia cuspidata	E1 .	4	50	15
Pinus mugo	E2b .	2	12	23
Rhododendron hirsutum	E2a .		16	64
Carex alba	E1
Molinia caerulea subsp. arundinacea	E1
Carex ornithopoda	E1
Peucedanum austriacum s. lat.	E1
Aquilegia nigricans	E1
Rhodothamnus chamaecistus	E1
Genista radiata	E2a
Aster amellus	E1
Chamaecytisus purpureus	E1
Gymnadenia odoratissima	E1
Rhamnus saxatilis	E2a
Leontodon incanus	E1
Crepis slovenica	E1
Knautia ressmanii	E1
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi	E2a
Aquilegia atrata	E1
Coronilla vaginalis	E1
Polygala nicaeensis subsp. forojulensis	E1 VP Vaccinio-Piceetea
Hieracium murorum	E1
Solidago virgaurea	E1
Homogyne sylvestris	E1
Gentiana asclepiadea	E1
Veronica urticifolia	E1
Larix decidua	E3
Clematis alpina	E2a
Laserpitium krapfii	E1
Aposeris foetida	E1
Abies alba	E3b
Abies alba	E2
Maianthemum bifolium	E1
Oxalis acetosella	E1
Calamagrostis arundinacea	E1
Dryopteris dilatata	E1
Gymnocarpium dryopteris	E1
Lonicera nigra	E1
Polystichum lonchitis	E1
Polystichum x illyricum	E1
Vaccinium myrtillus	E1
Saxifraga cuneifolia	E1
Huperzia selago	E1 SSC Sambuco-Salicion capreae
Sorbus aucuparia	E3a
Sorbus aucuparia	E2a RP Rhamno-Prunetea
Berberis vulgaris	E2a
13 14 13 46 32 48 25
60 11
11 26
17 35
31 63 6
13 27 7
. . 9 .
100 50 100 65
100		9	50						
63	26	22	22	67	4		70	9	46
31	16	4	47	53	18	33	10		
23	16	26	24						
23	21	57	3		27			27	8
17	5	13	6		4		30		
17		4	16						
6	5	17	16	20	100	100			8
3	26	35	19	7	36	33		64	62
3		4	22		18		67		15
3									
3	11		24	67	100				46
11 5
9
43
38 3
13 27 7. 20 . 7. 7. 7 7
70 27 19
18
49 21 37 . 23 . 20 11 17 . 14 11 14 . 11 . 9. 65 6. 6. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3. 3.
39 17
30 4 13
9
36
22 4
22 6 13
13 . . . . 4
7 9 33 50 27 46
10
20
15 4 5 14 5 4 18 53 64 33 70 54 23
3
9
7
9
3
3
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)
234
5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
6	11	22	19	53	9	100	90	82	96
9	37	35	56	13	45	67	90	91	77
3	42	13	19	20	9		70	82	62
	16	9	6	7	18		70	64	23
	16	13	6	33			90	82	46
		4							
6	21	13	6	20	9		90	91	15
Viburnum lantana	E2
Rhamnus catharticus	E2b
Crataegus monogyna	E2a
Ligustrum vulgare	E2a
Cornus sanguinea	E2
Cotoneaster integerrimus	E2a
Rosa canina	E2a
Viburnum opulus	E2a
Euonymus europaea	E2a
Rosa glauca	E2 Rubus fruticosus agg. (incl. R. coryfolius) E2a
Prunus spinosa	E2a TG Trifolio-Geranietea
Vincetoxicum hirundinaria Anthericum ramosum Polygonatum odoratum Silene nutans Viola collina Origanum vulgare Thesium bavarum Geranium sanguineum Clinopodium vulgare Trifolium merdium Veronica teucrium
Achillea distans (incl. A. millefolium agg.) Trifolium alpestre Lilium bulbiferum
Laserpitium latifolium	E1
Campanula rapunculoides	E1
Laserpitium siler	E1
Grafia golaka	E1
Digitalis grandiflora	E1
Lilium carniolicum	E1
Salvia pratensis subsp. saccardiana	E1
Verbascum lanatum	E1
Viola hirta	E1
Valeriana collina	E1
Libanotis montana s. lat.	E1
Thalictrum minus	E1
Inula conyza	E1
Iris graminea	E1
Hypericum perforatum	E1
Trifolium rubens	E1
Valeriana nemorensis	E1
Astragalus glycyphyllos	E1
Calamintha einseleana	E1
Peucedanum cervaria	E1
Trifolium aureum	E1
Verbascum lychnitis	E1
Vicia sylvatica	E1
Lathyrus sylvestris	E1
13 9 8 6 2 2
11 11 5
9 22 4
3 13
54 4
E1	42	69	24	3	46	84	78	81	53	91	67	30	54	92
E1	17	29	10		14	37	57	66	33	73		30	73	88
E1	8	20			3	58	43	50	7	73	33	50	100	65
E1	8	8				47	39	6	27	91	33			
E1	8	35	24	18										
E1		21	10	5	3	42	26	34	20	45	67		9	58
E1		12	6		3	32	26	34		4	67			12
E1		7				16		22	7	45		50	100	81
E1		4	4		6	63	39	6	7	36				31
E1		3								9				
E1		3								18				12
E1		2			6	58	35	9	7				18	
E1		2											9	
E1		1							7					4
11	16	17	16	7	9		. 18	
9	53	57	3					
9	11	26	47	13	45	33	. 18	23
6			6					
3	63	48	16				. 27	50
3	32	26	34		36			
3	5		25					
3	26	4	3					
3	32	43	61	40	91	33	. 64	69
	47	43	9		73	33	50 27	54
	37	4	3					
	26	9	34	13	100	33	.9	31
	21	9			9			23
	16	4	31					38
	11	4	3		9			
	11	4				33	. 82	23
	11							
	5						.9	
	5	4			9			
	5	4	3	13			. 82	50
	5							
	5	4						
	5	4						
2
2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
FB
Bromus erectus agg.	E1
Carlina acaulis	E1
Centaurea bracteata	E1
Linum catharticum	E1
Stachys recta s. lat. (incl. S. labiosa)	E1
Thymus praecox s. lat.	E1
Genista tinctoria	E1
Ajuga genevensis	E1
Helianthemum ovatum	E1
Allium carinatum subsp. pulchellum	E1
Inula hirta	E1
Carlina vulgaris	E1
Cirsium pannonicum	E1
Hippocrepis comosa	E1
Koeleria pyramidata	E1
Pimpinella saxifraga	E1
Allium carinatum subsp. carinatum	E1
Linum viscosum	E1
Satureja montana subsp. variegata	E1
Scabiosa triandra	E1
Asphodelus albus	E1
Centaurea scabiosa subsp. fritschii	E1
Cuscuta epithymum	E1
Galium verum	E1
Globularia punctata	E1
Hypochoeris maculata	E1
Linum tenuifolium	E1
Medicago lupulina	E1
Plantago media	E1
Polygala vulgaris	E1
Potentilla pusilla	E1
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)		1	2
Coronilla coronata	E1		
Verbascum austriacum	E1		
Centaure stenolepis	E1		
Coronilla varia	E1		
Erysimum carniolicum	E1		
Dictamnus albus	E1		
Fragaria moschata	E1		
Festuco-Brometea			
Carex humilis	E1	42	63
Euphorbia cyparissias	E1	33	46
Teucrium montanum	E1	33	13
Centaurea triumfettii	E1	25	2
Euphorbia verrucosa	E1	8	4
Galium lucidum	E1	8	56
Teucrium chamaedrys	E1	8	44
Peucedanum oreoselinum	E1		29
Brachypodium rupestre	E1		27
Arabis hirsuta	E1		9
Festuca rupicola	E1		4
Dianthus hyssopifolius (D. monspessulanus)	E1		2
12
8 10
27
33
.	19
18	.
9	12
18	.
.	69
.	19
58 47 16 11
47 53 11 47 16 5 68 42 11 21
21 32 42 37 32 21 21 16 16 16 16 16 11 11 11 11 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
70	94	33	100	67	30	36	54
43	28	13	64	100	30	73	69
4	41	27	82	33			27
9		7	27	67		36	15
	6			33			46
30	66	33	45		70	100	54
48	50	73	100	67	70	82	85
35	44	60	91	67	30	73	96
30	38	67	64			9	73
			27				
4	3						
78	44		82				38
39	13	13	73	67			
4	16		18				
22	16	20	9	33	10		38
	6						
17	25	47	100			45	23
17	19		27		30		38
39	3	20			10	27	15
22	9		45				12
17	3	13	64	67	30	36	23
35	6		91				46
4	19		18	33		45	54
4						9	
						45	19
4	3					9	
9			9				
17		13	9			9	4
4	3						
	3	20	27				
30	9		64			82	12
4		7	45				38
		13		33			23
4		7	27			36	26
			27	33			8
				33		73	
			45				19
4						18	
4			9				
9
6
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Prunella grandiflora Veronica barrelieri Sanguisorba minor Scabiosa columbaria Anthyllis vulneraria Allium senescens Betonica serotina Scabiosa hladnikiana Campanula glomerata Asperula cynanchica Cirsium x linkianum Gentianella ciliata Thesium linophyllon Thlaspi praecox Gymnadenia conopsea Thymus longicaulis Carex caryophyllea
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
Dorycnium germanicum (incl. D. herbaceum) E1
Scabiosa graminifolia	E1
Thymus pulegioides	E1
Melica ciliata	E1
Orobanche gracilis	E1
Silene vulgaris subsp. vulgaris	E1
Polygala comosa	E1
Hieracium bauhinii	E1
Carex halleriana	E1
Lactuca perennis	E1
Orchis militaris	E1
Trifolium montanum	E1
Aster lynosiris	E1 ES Elyno-Seslerietea
Sesleria caerulea subsp. calcaria	E1
Carex mucronata	E1
Globularia cordifolia	E1
Carex ferruginea	E1
Laserpitium peucedanoides	E1
Aster bellidiastrum	E1
Pimpinella alpina	E1
Campanula thyrsoides	E1
Carduus crassifolius (incl. C. defloratus)	E1
SCF Pinguicula alpina	E1
SCF Tofieldia calyculata	E1
Festuca calva	E1
Phleum hirsutum	E1
Acinos alpinus	E1
Cerastium strictum	E1
Alchemilla vulgaris agg.	E1
Campanula witasekiana	E1
Erigeron glabratus	E1
Gentiana lutea subsp. symphyandra	E1
58 42
2 26
83 54 36 28
93
73 100 10
35
18
37
18
9
19 6 3 3 3 3 3
13
18
19 8 12 19 8 15
100 50 27 35
33
13 13 7 7 7 7
73
27
9
50 64 77
67
33
91 9 3 20 20 17 6 3 3 3 3
53 96 100 93 . . 31 . 11 4 22 7
64
45
19 13
6
26	17
32	17
26	4
21	9
11	
5	
5	4
5	4
5	
2.
64 33 64 .
9
54 45 36 36 18 9
12
62
10
27
7
7
8
4
4
7
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Helianthemum nummularium subsp.
grandiflorum	E1
Leucanthemum maximum agg.	E1
Scabiosa lucida subsp. stricta	E1
Hieracium villosum	E1
Carex firma	E1
Centaurea haynaldii subsp. julica	E1
Hieracium pilosum	E1
Thesium alpinum	E1
SCF Parnassia palustris	E1
Bupleurum ranunculoides	E1
Rhinanthus glacialis	E1
Sesleria juncifolia	E1 EA Epilobietea angustifolii
Fragaria vesca	E1
Hypericum hirsutum	E1
Rubus idaeus	E2a
Carex muricata	E1
Galeopsis speciosa	E1
Eupatorium cannabinum	E1
Stachys sylvatica	E1 GU Galio-Urticetea
Geum urbanum	E1
Torilis japonica	E1
Rubus caesius	E2a
Solanum dulcamara	E1
Turritis glabra	E1
Viola odorata	E1 MA Molinio-Arrhenatheretea
Lathyrus pratensis	E1
Galium mollugo	E1
Lotus corniculatus s. lat.	E1
Dactylis glomerata	E1
Veronica chamaedrys	E1
Festuca rubra agg.	E1
Angelica sylvestris	E1
Colchicum autumnale	E1
Leucanthemum ircutianum	E1
Poa angustifolia	E1
Taraxacum officinale	E1
Ranunculus nemorosus	E1
Centaurea carniolica	E1
Ajuga reptans	E1
Selinum carvifolia	E1
Inula salicina	E1 MuA Mulgedio-Aconitetea
Senecio ovatus	E1
Aconitum angustifolium	E1
Centaurea montana	E1
Aconitum degenii subsp. paniculatum	E1
Athyrium filix-femina	E1
723
3
5 4 6 13 5.3 9 3 3 3 3 3
14
29
63 70 11 .
11 5 5
11 11 5 5 5 5
4
26 4
11 5 5 5
9
.3 4. 43 4.
9
11 26 22 9 . .
7 18
36
45
13 . 7 18
20 27 33 3. 36 19
379
27
3 37 13 21 13 73 26 . . 26 4 3
15
23 34 35 73 35 82
9
4
7
6
7
9
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Veratrum album s. lat. Hypricum maculatum Phyteuma ovatum Silene dioica
Silene vulgaris subsp. antelopum TR Thlaspietea rotundifolii
E1 E1 E1 E1 E1
Petasites paradoxus	E1 .	7 58	44	3
Biscutella laevigata	E1 .	4 58	8	
Gymnocarpium robertianum	E1 .	4 20	36	66
Achnatherum calamagrostis	E1 .	2 24		
Adenostyles glabra	E1 .	1 10	21	46
Silene vulgaris subsp. glareosa	E1 .	1 42	3	
Rumex scutatus	E1 .	. 48	5	
Festuca laxa	E1 .	. 32	5	
Astrantia carniolica	E1
Hieracium bifidum	E1
Aquilegia einseleana	E1
Geranium macrorrhizum	E1
Ligusticum seguieri	E1
Viola pyrenaica	E1
Cerastium subtriflorum	E1
Gypsophila repens	E1
Veronica fruticulosa	E1
Erigeron angulosus	E1
Campanula cochleariifolia	E1
Euphorbia triflora subsp. kerneri	E1
Thesium rostratum	E1
Asplenium fissum	E1
Centaurea dichroantha	E1
Peucedanum verticillare	E1
Alysum transsilvanicum (A. montanum)	E1 AT Asplenietea trichomanis
3
3
11 11
6
16 4
11 11 11 5 5 5
93
3 9 13
7 13 7
27
3
34 3
Potentilla caulescens	E1	67	2		3		11	13	50 .	9
Kernera saxatilis	E1	58	9	10	10	9	16	4	16 .	
Asplenium ruta-muraria	E1	33	18	4		43	79	100	88 .	82
Silene hayekiana	E1	25	2	6		3	21	17		
Asplenium trichomanes	E1	17	7		3	20	58	96	34 7	45
Valeriana saxatilis	E1		4	30	28	51		4	22 .	
Asplenium viride	E1					26		17		
Phyteuma scheuchzeri subsp. columnae	E1					23	5	4	81 .	
Saxifraga crustata	E1					20	16	48	3.	
Carex brachystachys	E1					11	5		3.	
Athamanta turbith	E1					9	21	26	22 .	4
Moehringia muscosa	E1					9	32	65	3.	
Primula carniolica	E1					6			25 .	
Daphne alpina	E2a					3			19 .	
Hieracium pospichalii	E1					3	5			
Micromeria thymifolia	E1					3	5	13	9.	
Polypodium vulgare	E1					3	37	52	3.	
Rhamnus pumilus	E1					3		4	3.	
Sedum album	E1						53	52	3.	27
4 36
40 27 7
15 31 26
7
4
9
6
9
4
3
9
4
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Festuca stenantha	E1
Saxifraga petraea	E1
Saxifraga hostii	E1
Sedum maximum	E1
Sempervivum tectorum	E1
Ceterach javorkeanum	E1
Hieracium glaucum	E1
Sedum hispanicum	E1
Seseli gouanii	E1
Campanula spicata	E1
Dianthus sylvestris	E1
Erysimum sylvestre	E1
Iris pallida subsp. cengialti	E1
Moehringia villosa	E1
Cystopteris fragilis	E1
Primula x venusta	E1
Cardaminopsis arenosa	E1
Paederota bonarota	E1
Jovibarba hirta	E1
Other species (Druge vrste)	
Juniperus communis	E2
Juglans regia	E2
Selaginella helvetica	E1
Tussilago farfara	E1
Festuca sp.	E1
Hieracium sp.	E1
Minuartia sp.	E1
Viola sp.	E1
Mosses and lichens (Mahovi in lišaji)	
Ctenidium molluscum	E0
Neckera crispa	E0
Fissidens dubius	E0
Tortella tortuosa	E0
Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus	E0
Hylocomium splendens	E0
Polytrichum formosum	E0
Scleropodium purum	E0
Eurhynchium striatum	E0
Plagiochila porelloides	E0
Thuidium tamariscinum	E0
Homalothecium philippeanum	E0
Hypnum cupressiforme	E0
Schistidium apocarpum	E0
Metzgeria furcata	E0
Plagiomnium undulatum	E0
Cladonia sp.	E0
Conocephalum conicum	E0
Orthothecium rufescens	E0
Encalypta streptocarpa	E0
Homalothecium lutescens	E0
Rhytidiadelphus loreus	E0
42	35
26	4
21	26
21	13
21 16
13
9
16 13 11 . 11 5 5 5 5 5
13
9
9
45
9 9
9 17 4 9
45 9 18
45 23
54 . . 12
14 26 30 22 20 45 67 70 73 19 6546
4
83	21	70	78 .	9
80	32	91	78 .	9
77	5	13	31 .	36
54	58	91	75 .	82
40	5	22	3,0	
37		30		
34	5	4		
29	16	4	19 .	
26	5			27
26	5	4		
23				
17		9	9.	
17	26	30	22 .	27
17	74	74	47 .	36
14	5	4		9
11				
9				
9			3.	
9			3.	
6		9	3.	9
6	42	48	13 .	73
6				
18 .
O
3
8
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)	
Solorina saccata	E0
Atrichum undulatum	E0
Bartramia halleriana	E0
Bryum capillare	E0
Cladonia pyxidata	E0
Dicranum scoparium	E0
Isothecium alopecuroides	E0
Marchantia polymorpha	E0
Mnium marginatum	E0
Mnium thomsonii	E0
Peltigera canina	E0
Peltigera leucophlebia	E0
Plagiopus oederi	E0
Plagiothecium denticulatum	E0
Thuidium abietinum	E0
Thuidium delicatulum	E0
Anomodon viticulosus	E0
Homalothecium sericeum	E0
Anomodon attenuatus	E0
Dermatocarpon miniatum	E0
Porella platyphylla	E0
Rhytidium rugosum	E0
Collema crispum	E0
Neckera complanata	E0
Grimmia pulvinata	E0
Radula complanata	E0
Pedinophyllum interruptum	E0
Scleropodium touretii	E0
Brachythecium geheebii	E0
Scapania nemorosa	E0
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
4 4
5 22 32 22 .4
6 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
3 . . 3 . . 3 26,3 4 3 . . 3 . . 3 . . 3 3
5 21 53
47	65	22
16 .	.
10,5 .	.
11	30	6
11 .	6
5	4	.
5 .	.
.	4	3
.	4	.
36 9
9 18
36 27
1	- EOpc: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 potentilletosum caulescentis (Franz) Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, northern Slovenia, Franz &
Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 5)
2	- EOty: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 typicum Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, Franz & Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 2)
3	- EOsg: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 silenetosum glareosae (Franz) Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, northern Slovenia, Franz &
Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 2)
4	- EOrh: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 rhododendretosum hirsuti (Franz) Franz & Willner 2007 (Austria, northern Slovenia, Franz &
Willner 2007b, Table 13, column 3)
5	- RO: Rhododendro hirsuti-Ostryetum Franz ex Dakskobler ass. nov. (north)western Slovenia 6, 7, 8 - OFO1, OFO2, OFO3: Fraxino orni-Ostryetum Aichinger 1933, (north)western Slovenia
9	- OFO-It: Ostryo carpinifoliae-Fraxinetum orni Aichinger 1933 (northeastern Italy, Poldini & Vidali 1999, Table 1)
10	- CyO-SI: Cytisantho-Ostryetum M. Wraber 1961 (Bohinj, M. Wraber 1961, phytosociological table, releves 1 to 11
11	- CyO-HR: Cytisantho-Ostryetum M. Wraber 1961 (western Croatia, Samobor Hills, Sugar 1978, Table 1)
12	- EO-HR: Erico-Ostryetum Horvat 1959 (western Croatia, Horvat 1959, Table 2, column 12)
13	- QO-HR: Querco-Ostryetum carpinifoliae Horvat 1938 (Croatia, Horvat 1938, Table 1, releves 1 to 11)
14	- QO-SI: Querco-Ostryetum carpinifoliae Horvat 1938 (central and southeastern Slovenia, Zupančič et al. 2009, Table 1, releves 1 to 26)
3
Table 6: Groups of diagnostic species in the syntaxa Fraxino orni-Ostryetum s. lat. and Querco-Ostryetum s. lat. Tabela 6: Skupine diagnostičnih vrst v sintaksonih Fraxino orni-Ostryetum s. lat. in Querco-Ostryetum s. lat.
Successive number (Zaporedna številka)	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
Number of releves (Število popisov)	12	136	50	39	35	19	23	32	15	11	3	9	11	26
	pc	ty	g s	h		O1	2 O	pc O	C)	Eo c^	r c^	R	oi	
Sign for syntaxa (Oznaka sintaksonov)	O E	EOt	EOs	EOr	RO	F O	F O	F O	F O	y o	y o	C) E	^^	^^
Carpinion orientalis	0	0	0	0	0,3	0,8	0,4	1,7	1,5	0	2,5	1,8	1,1	1,9
Quercetalia pubescenti-petraeae	15,3	18,9	15,1	21,0	12,6	14,6	15,2	14,4	14,6	11,6	17,8	22,9	24,6	22,2
Quercetalia roboris	0	2,3	0,2	0,5	1,8	2,0	1,3	2,6	4,7	0,4	3,3	3,4	4,0	3,8
Tilio-Acerion	0	0	0	0	3,5	0,1	1,7	1,3	0,3	0,1	0	0	0	0,8
Aremonio-Fagion	3,0	4,2	4,6	8,2	7,1	3,0	2,8	4,4	3,7	4,1	1,6	3,9	1,9	2,6
Erythronio-Carpinion	0	0	0	0	0,3	0,1	0,7	0,4	0	0,9	0,8	1,6	2,3	1,6
Fagetalia sylvaticae	1,2	5,2	2,4	3,6	14,6	10,5	9,4	4,4	2,6	2,7	4,1	3,1	5,1	4,6
Querco-Fagetea	0	2,4	1,2	2,1	5,7	6,2	6,1	2,4	6,0	3,1	3,3	8,3	6,2	2,6
Erico-Pinetea	18,2	22,9	27,0	32,2	17,7	8,3	11,0	19,4	25,0	16,4	14,0	17,6	7,0	11,6
Vaccinio-Piceetea	0,6	2,8	4,3	7,6	10,8	1,8	4,5	2,1	2,3	0,7	0,8	1,8	0,5	0,8
Rhamno-Prunetea	0	3,0	0,4	0,5	2,0	2,7	2,8	2,6	5,5	2,5	4,9	15,3	9,0	5,7
Trifolio-Geranietea	6,1	11,7	4,0	1,4	2,7	13,7	10,9	11,3	6,8	13,9	14,0	6,2	13,7	15,7
Festuco-Brometea	11,5	16,1	6,6	3,3	1,9	13,3	11,2	11,3	13,8	25,9	27,2	10,9	17,9	19,5
Elyno-Seslerietea	14,7	4,0	4,8	3,0	5,1	4,4	4,1	7,4	4,9	7,3	0,8	0,5	0	1,7
Epilobietea angustifolii	0	0,4	0	0,2	0,4	1,5	1,2	0,1	0,7	0,6	0,8	0,8	0,5	0,6
Galio-Urticetea	0	0	0	0	0	0,7	0,1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Molinio-Arrhenatheretea	0	0,4	0,1	0,2	0,1	2,2	0,6	0,7	0,8	2,0	1,7	0	3	2,3
Betulo-Alnetea	0	0,1	2,5	1,5	2,2	0	0,2	0,7	1,3	0,1	0	0	0	0
Mulgedio-Aconitetea	0	0	0	0	1,2	0,4	0,6	0,3	0,2	0,2	0	0	0	1,2
Thlaspietea rotundifolii	8,0	2,9	22,2	10,2	3,5	1,4	1,2	2,2	4,3	1,7	0	0	0,3	0
Asplenietea trichomanis	21,4	2,6	4,5	4,5	5,9	9,9	13,2	9,9	0,5	5,1	0	0	1,5	0,6
Other species (Druge vrste)	0	0	0	0	0,5	0,6	0,9	0,6	0,5	0,7	2,5	1,8	1,4	0,3
Total (Skupaj)	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100	100