Gabrovčev dan 2017 HALŠTATSKE KULTURNE SKUPINE NA OBMOČJU SLOVENIJE Štajersko-panonska skupina Znanstveni simpozij Slovenskega arheološkega društva posvečen spominu na akad. prof. dr. Staneta Gabrovca Ljubljana, 27. januar 2017, Narodni muzej Slovenije THE HALLSTATT CULTURAL GROUPS IN SLOVENIA Styrian-Pannonian Hallstatt Group A scientific symposium of the Slovenian Archaeological Society dedicated to the memory of Academician Prof. Dr. Stane Gabrovec Ljubljana, January 27, 2017, National Museum of Slovenia Vsebina / Contents Biba TERŽAN: Spremna beseda ...................................................................................................................................... 317 Foreword ....................................................................................................................................................318 Biba TERŽAN: Štajersko-panonska halštatska skupina. Uvodnik in kratek oris ........................................................... 319 The Styrian-Pannonian Hallstatt Group. An introduction and brief outline (Translation) ..................329 Markus EGG: Princely graves from Kleinklein in Styria, Austria ...................................................................................335 Knežji grobovi v Kleinkleinu na avstrijskem Štajerskem (Prevod) .........................................................348 Marko MELE: Poselitev doline reke Solbe v pozni bronasti in starejši železni dobi – nove raziskave graškega Joanneuma (s prispevkom Branka Mušiča in Barbare Horn) .............................................................353 Settlements in the Sulm River valey during the Late Bronze Age and Early Iron Age – new research of the Universalmuseum Joanneum, Graz (with a contribution by Branko Mušič and Barbara Horn) (Summary) .................................................................................................................................373 Branko KERMAN: Naselbine iz starejše železne dobe v Prekmurju .......................................................................................381 Settlements from the Early Iron Age in Prekmurje (Summary) ..............................................................397 Georg TIEFENGRABER: Die hallstattzeitlichen Gräberfelder von Nova tabla bei Murska Sobota (Slowenien) – Ein Beitrag zur Erforschung der Steirisch-Pannonischen Gruppe der Osthallstattkultur ............................................399 Grobišča iz starejše železne dobe z Nove table pri Murski Soboti. Prispevek k raziskavam štajersko- panonske skupine vzhodnohalštatskga kulturnega kroga (Povzetek) .................................................431 Matija ČREŠNAR, MANCA VINAZZA: Nove raziskave višinskih naselij na vzhodnih obronkih Pohorja in v severnih Slovenskih goricah (s prispevkom Branka Mušiča) ............................................................................................................437 New research of hilltop settlements on the eastern fringes of Pohorje and the northern Slovenske gorice (NE Slovenia) (with a contribution by Branko Mušič) (Summary) .......................................461 Teja GERBEC: Hotinja vas in nižinska poselitev na zahodnem obrobju Panonske nižine v starejši železni dobi. Ureditev naselja in njegovo časovno mesto ..........................................................................................473 Hotinja vas and lowland settlement on the western edges of the Pannonian plain in the Early Iron Age. The organization of the settlement and its chronological position (Summary) .........................486 Hrvoje POTREBICA: Kaptolska skupina i Požeška kotlina ...................................................................................................... 487 The Kaptol Group and the Požega Valley (Translation) ..........................................................................504 Spremna beseda Slovensko arheološko društvo (SAD), ki je leto dni po smrti akad. prof. dr. Staneta Gabrovca prejkone spontano priredilo spominsko strokovno srečanje (15. januarja 2016), se je zatem na pobudo predsednika društva Bojana Djurića odločilo, da bo tudi v bodoče organiziralo posvete v njegov spomin, kar nam je doslej uspelo že tretje leto. “Gabrovčev dan” postaja tako tradicionalna vsakoletna prireditev v okviru rednih dejavnosti SAD, a s sodelovanjem drugih ustanov, kot so Narodni muzej Slovenije, Oddelek za arheologijo Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani in 1. razred Slovenske akademije znanosti in umetnosti. Leta 2017 je organizacijski odbor (v sestavi Peter Turk, Matija Črešnar in Biba Teržan) zasnoval več let obsegajoči koncept znanstvenih simpozijev, 1 in sicer v treh ciklih: v prvem petletnem ciklu so srečanja posvečena obravnavi halštatskih kulturnih skupin, kot jih je v svojih temeljnih delih utemeljil Stane Gabrovec (cfr. Ar- heološki vestnik 15–16, 1964–1965; Germania 44, 1966; Praistorija jugoslavenskih zemalja 5, Sarajevo 1987). 2 Vsako leto bo obravnavana le ena izmed skupin, kar bo omogočilo, da bomo v petih letih dobili pregled o novih raziskavah starejše železne dobe na Slovenskem. Prvi tematsko zaokroženi petletki naj bi sledila dva nova cikla posvetov, organizirana po enakem principu kot prvi, usmerjena pa naj bi bila v pregled raziskav bodisi najprej kulturnih skupin latenskega obdobja po Gabrovčevi razdelitvi (Arheološki vestnik 17, 1966) bodisi kulturnih fenomenov bronaste dobe na Slovenskem, kot jih je Gabrovec predstavil v četrti knjigi Praistorija jugoslavenskih zemalja (Sarajevo 1983). Predloženi koncept strokovnih srečanj na “Gabrovčev dan” je seveda dolgoročen in zaobjema, če bo v celoti izpeljan, obdobje več kot deset let. Cilj je, da bi z javnimi predstavitvami in nato objavami raziskav, ki so bile izvedene v minulih dveh do treh desetletjih in ki jih ni bilo prav malo, hkrati pa tudi še potekajo in bodo potekale, spodbudili bolj intenzivno in študijsko bolj poglobljeno proučevanje izkopanega gradiva oz. najdišč in s tem dvignili znanstveni nivo v stroki ter seveda dopolnili in tudi preve- trili naše znanje o posameznih arheoloških obdobjih 3 tako v slovenskem prostoru kot tudi v sosednjih pokrajinah. S tem bomo v Gabrovčevem smislu pripomogli k boljšemu razumevanju ne le naše davne preteklosti, temveč tudi sedanjosti in morda celo izostrili naše poglede za prihodnost. Prvi cikel znanstvenih posvetov na temo Halštatske kulturne skupine na območju Slovenije smo začeli z “Gabrovčevim dnem” 27. januarja 2017, ki se je odvijal v prostorih Narodnega muzeja Slovenije, matične ustanove Gabrovčevega stro- kovnega in znanstvenega delovanja. Ta prvi tematski simpozij je bil posvečen kulturni skupini Kleinklein-Martijanec- -Kaptol oz. štajersko-panonski skupini. Od takrat sta se zvrstila še dva posveta, drugi simpozij, posvečen dolenjski skupini, se je odvijal 19. januarja 2018, tretji o notranjsko-kraški skupini pa 17. januarja 2019. Načrtovana sta še dva posveta, naslednje leto o svetolucijski oz. posoški skupini, leta 2021 pa predvidoma o gorenjski skupini. Tako bomo zaokrožili pregled o novih raziskavah v posameznih regijah in nadejamo se, da bo ob zaključku tega petletnega cikla simpozijev možno podati znanstveno utemeljeno, prenovljeno in obogateno podobo halštatskega obdobja na našem prostoru. Na vse dosedanje prireditve so bili vabljeni tudi strokovnjaki iz sosednjih dežel, 4 ki se ukvarjajo z zadevno problematiko in so oz. bodo s svojimi raziskavami prispevali k novim spoznanjem o halštatskem obdobju tudi prek meja današnje Slovenije. Znanstveni simpoziji, ki jih je prirejal SAD v drugi polovici 20. st. in ki so bili kar številni, so bili praviloma objavljeni v osrednjem glasilu slovenske arheološke stroke, tj. v Arheološkem vestniku. Zato nas je toliko bolj razveselila ponudba glavne urednice Sneže Tecco Hvala, da se vsakoletni prispevki z “Gabrovčevega dne” objavijo v sledečih zaporednih številkah Arheološkega vestnika. S tem je uredništvo revije dalo priznanje SAD za zastavljene cilje ter tudi za znanstveni nivo prispevkov, hkrati pa se je zavestno odločilo nadaljevati tradicijo objavljanja znanstvenih posvetov SAD, v našem primeru prispevkov z vsakoletnega “Gabrovčevega dne” , kar ocenjujemo kot hvalevredno gesto in perspektivo. V 70. zvezku Arheološkega vestnika so tako, čeprav z rahlim časovnim zamikom, objavljeni prispevki prvega tematsko opredeljenega simpozija, posvečeni Štajersko-panonski halštatski kulturni skupini. Na simpoziju se je zvrstilo osem refe- ratov, vendar pa vsi prispevki niso bili pravočasno pripravljeni za tisk. Kljub temu prinaša predstavljeni sklop člankov vpoglede v nadvse zanimive raziskave z novimi podatki in spoznanji o starejši železni dobi na območju, ki vključuje slovensko in avstrijsko Štajersko, Prekmurje, Podravino ter osrednjo Slavonijo. Biba Teržan 1 Cfr. Arheo 33, 2016, 95–96. 2 Za bibliografijo S. Gabrovca glej A. Dular, Arheološki vestnik 67, 2016, 21–30. 3 Zadnji sintetični prikaz stanja arheoloških raziskav v Sloveniji je objavljen v jubilejni, 50. številki Arheološkega vestnika, 1999. 4 Omenimo naj, da niso bili vabljeni strokovnjaki iz Madžarske, Slovaške ali severovzhodne Avstrije (razen z avstrijske Štajerske), ki se ukvarjajo s problematiko starejše železne dobe, ker bi to preseglo načrtovan tematski obseg simpozija in tudi finančne zmožnosti SAD. Foreword The Slovensko arheološko društvo (SAD) (Slovenian Archaeological Society), which a year after the death of Academi- cian Prof. Dr. Stane Gabrovec had previously spontaneously arranged a memorial professional meeting (15 January 2016), subsequently at the initiative of the society’s president Bojan Djurić decided to sponsor future conferences in his memory, which so far have been successfully organized for three years. “Gabrovčev dan” (Gabrovec Day) has thus become a tradi- tional annual event in the framework of the regular activities of the Society SAD, with the additional participation of other institutions, such as the Narodni muzej Slovenije (National Museum of Slovenia), the Oddelek za arheologijo, Filozofska fakulteta Univerze v Ljubljani (Department of Archaeology of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Ljubljana), and Section 1 of the Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti (Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts). In 2017 the organizational committee (composed of Peter Turk, Matija Črešnar, and Biba Teržan) has established a concept of scientific symposia extending over several years, 1 in three cycles: in the first five-year cycle the meetings will be dedicated to discussions of the Hallstatt cultural groups as established in the fundamental works by Stane Gabrovec (cf. Arheološki vestnik 15–16, 1964–1965; Germania 44, 1966; Praistorija jugoslavenskih zemalja 5, Sarajevo 1987), 2 in such a manner that only one of the groups will be considered each year, which would enable us over the course of five years to acquire an overview of new research into the Early Iron Age in Slovenia. The first thematically completed five-year program would be followed by two new cycles, organized according to the same principle as the first one, but oriented to a review of research, first into the cultural groups of the La Tène period according to Gabrovec’s divisions (Arheološki vestnik 17, 1966), followed by the cultural phenomena of the Bronze Age in Slovenia, as presented by Gabrovec in the fourth volume of the series P r a i stor i j a jugoslavenskih zemalja (The Prehistory of the Yugoslav Lands 4, Sarajevo 1983). The proposed concept of professional meet- ings on “Gabrovčev dan” is, of course, long-term and covers, if fully implemented, a period of more than ten years. The aim is, with public presentations and publications of excavations that had been carried out in the past two to three decades, and which were quite extensive, and in fact are still taking place and continuing, to inspire more intensive and in-depth study of the excavated material or sites, in this manner elevating the scientific level in the profession and certainly supplement- ing and even expanding our knowledge about individual archaeological periods, 3 both in the region of Slovenia as well as in neighbouring areas. In this manner, following in the steps of Gabrovec we will contribute to a better understanding not merely of our ancient past, but also the present day, and this may perhaps even sharpen our vision of the future. The first cycle of scientific conferences with the theme the Hallstatt Cultural Groups in Slovenia began with “Gabrovčev dan” on the 27 th of January 2017, which took place in the Narodni muzej Slovenije, the home institution of Gabrovec’s professional and scientific work. This first thematic symposium was dedicated to the Kleinklein-Martijanec-Kaptol group or rather the Styrian-Pannonian group. Since then, two conferences have been held, the second symposium devoted to the Dolenjska group was held on the 19 th of January 2018, and the third on the Notranjska-Kras group was held on the 17 th of January 2019. Another two conferences are planned: next year on the Sveta Lucija/Posočje group (2020), and on the Gorenjska group (2021). In this manner, we will complete the review of new research in individual regions, and it is to be hoped that at the end of this five-year cycle of symposia, it will be possible to provide a scientifically substantiated, renewed, and enriched image of the Hallstatt period in Slovenia. Experts from neighbouring countries dealing with the issues in question have also been invited to all the events so far, 4 and will certainly contribute with their research to new knowledge about the Hallstatt period beyond the borders of present-day Slovenia. Scientific meetings organized by the Slovensko arheološko društvo Society in the second half of the 20 th century, which were quite numerous, were as a rule published in the central journal of the Slovenian archaeological profession, i.e. in Arheološki vestnik. Hence we were particularly pleased with the offer of the main editor, Sneža Tecco Hvala, that annual con- tributions presented at “Gabrovčev dan” be printed in the following consecutive issues of Arheološki vestnik. In this manner, the editorial board gave recognition to the SAD Society for the goals set and also the scientific level of the contributions, while at the same time, it has deliberately decided to continue the tradition of publishing scientific conferences of the Society SAD, in our case contributions from the annual “Gabrovčev dan” , which is regarded as a laudable and perspective gesture. Thus in the 70 th volume of Arheološki vestnik, although with a slight delay, the contributions from the first thematically defined symposium dedicated to the Styrian-Pannonian Hallstatt Group are published. Eight papers were given at the sym- posium, although unfortunately not all the articles were prepared on time. Nonetheless, the published articles offer insights into extremely interesting research, presenting new data and knowledge about the Early Iron Age in an area encompassing Slovenian and Austrian Styria, Prekmurje, Podravina, and central Slavonia. Biba Teržan 1 Cf. Arheo 33, 2016, 95–96. 2 For the bibliography of S. Gabrovec, see A. Dular, Arheološki vestnik 67, 2016, 21–30. 3 The last synthetic presentation of the state of archaeological research in Slovenia was published in the 50 th anni- versary issue of Arheološki vestnik in 1999. 4 It should be noted that archaeologists from Hungary, Slovakia, and Austria (out of Styria) involved in research into problems of the Early Iron Age were not invited, as this would have exceeded the planned thematic scope of the symposium as well as the financial possibilities of the SAD.