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Ameriška Domovina* 1
SLOVENIAN MORNmO NEWSPAPER
Competing in a Slovenian Bike Race
by GREG RUDL
While Lance Armstrong was going for five-in-a-row >n France, I wasn’t doing too bad myself, two countries over to Slovenia. That’s because I bicycled with over 1,300 others in the 22nd annual Franja Marathon on •Inly 6th.
This race benefits the famous Franja Hospital in Cerkno. This Partisan Army hospital, located in a gorge, remained strategically hidden during WWII. It is ■ named after a physician who operated there.
The 150k race started at 0 BT City, a large shopping complex just northeast of downtown Ljubljana. It then made a rough circle through ihe countryside west of the capital to finally end at the j	Police academy in Tacen, a
'	Suburb of Ljubljana.
I was in Slovenia in July for three weeks to sight-see and visit relatives. One of •by goals was to see the country by bike. I never heard of the marathon before until my uncle brought it up. Bis 15-year-old grandson Would be riding in it so I %ured if he can do it, so can
1 spend the night before |he race at a veselica in ^mje, the village where my Mother grew up. From what I c°uld tell a veselica is a ^•ghborhood party that enefits the local fire department. I drank plenty of art white wine and shots of Oeberry schnapps that ai8ht and ate pork dishes W'th thick slices of bread. It 'Vas probably not the best to prepare for the long-Cst one-day ride of my life. My biggest concern was e distance - 150 km, that’s °Ver 90 miles! And doing it a bike that my uncle lent ® that was slower than hat I was useci t0 Would I
e able to finish? Would it oe
more pain than it was "mrth?
The next morning Rok, a ^ cousin’s 15-year-old son,
. me from a poor jj.^ht s sleep, mainly due to es buzzing around my bed-He prepared my bike f d gathered food and drink > the ride.
are^e drove to the starting
$20 ant* re8'stered: I paid BO for the race plus a
deposit of $30.00 for a magnetic sensing device that would record my time. My cousin helped me pin the number 1208 on my back.
This was to be a mass start so Rok and I grabbed our bikes and took our places at the starting area. Other bicyclists followed. Soon we were surrounded by hundreds, all with colorful polyester jerseys stamped with European brands and companies, most of which I had never heard of before.
A little after 9 a.m., over 1,300 of us moved out. To my surprise, we rode through downtown Ljubljana as police stopped traffic. We rode slowly and cautiously, just
feet away from each other. Slowdowns are preceded by a chorus of “wows” and arms in the air. Never before had I ridden in such a large group.
We headed southwest out of town on the Tržaška cesta (the road to Trieste). I soon realized that the riding is made easier with so many other cyclists blocking the wind in front of me. I feel like I’m floating along; like most of the ride is down-hill; like I have a motor attached to my bicycle.
We rode through the towns of Brezovica, Vrhnika, Logatec and Kalce and snaked our way down the Idrijca River. Townspeople lined the road, clapping and cheering as we went by.
The curvy roads of Slovenia often pass only a few feet by someone’s house or bam. Roads that were intended for an ox and cart centuries ago today are crowded with cyclists. A local once told me that they put curves into roads here just to slow drivers down. It certainly makes cycling more enjoyable. We zip by brick homes with light-colored, sprayed-on cement sides, orange-tiled roofs and dark skinned wooden rafters.
We then plunge down into the Idrijca River Valley via switch backs. I ride cautiously and I’m passed by many more aggressive riders. They lean their bodies through curves and keep a low, aerodynamic position. I see a few crashes on the way down and hear the familiar
whining of an European ambulance.
We ride along the river valley for about 20 km with mountains hovering on either side. Cyclists pass me as I stare at the mountain peaks surrounding us. I notice there’s not a lot of talking on the road. Cyclists have their heads down and are staying close to the bike in front of them.
We stop in the town of Cerkno for a scheduled pit stop. It’s pandemonium as hundreds of cyclists crowd into the small city square. They are drinking bottles of spring water and sport beverages courtesy of Radenska. Tables that were erected to dispense these beverages have been over-run and by now a man hands them down from a track by the six-pack to the anxious. It’s like humanitarian aid being given out in a third world country. The disorganized scene is furthered by the lack of porto-potties - so cyclists relieve themselves in nearby bushes.
Church bells toll loudly, competing with blaring music. Townspeople stand around drinking and watching us. Hundreds of crashed plastic bottles litter the square’s cobble stones. It’s difficult to move around, let alone with a bicycle.
We continue on to the hardest part of the race: the climb from Cerkno to Kladje (400 meters, 6 km). We climb switchback after
switchback Breathing heavy,
I can’t help looking down and watching Cerkno getting smaller and smaller. I’m feeling strong as I pass people with ease. A guy comes up alongside on a road bike and he’s not breathing heavy. His Mobitel (cell
phone) rings and he calmly takes it out of the back of his jersey and talks for a few minutes. I stay with him for a while, but he’s going at a pace that’s out of my comfort zone.
At the top I find, to my surprise, another rest stop, and this one is just as crazy. Bikes and riders are everywhere. A volunteer congratulates me and asks if I need anything to drink. Since I’m out of breath and don’t speak Slovenian well, I reply slowly and tell him I’m from America, and he calls me “Lance Armstrong.”
They’re serving cold, sweet chamomile tee and hot beef broth. There’s another place where you can buy a Union or Laško pivo (beer) and a sandwich. There’s so many cyclists stacked up here that it’s hard to get to the counter to get anything. We eat and drink quickly, catch our breath and then cruise down the other side of the mountain.
We continue at a brisk pace over mostly flat to rolling terrain. We pass the Premetovc Inn, in Log. This inn and restaurant traces its roots to 1820. Later in the week I talked to the bartender there and he told me that business was slow that day because the road was closed due to the race. He expected the opposite.
We continue on through towns like Sovodenj and Škofja Loka on our way back to Ljubljana. A race organizer car comes up and warns us to be careful. I ride along with an older guy with long flowing gray hair, who is wearing a jersey and riding a bike that must be at least 30 years old. I also ride along with the Idrija Bicycle Club in a long pace line.
I marvel at the white granite peaks of the Kam-nisko-Savinjske Alps north of Ljubljana. In a town I look up and see a zig-zag path cut into a steep hillside with stations of the cross at its ends. People continue to wave and clap along the roads as we pass by.
The finish line appears and I can’t believe how much fun I’ve had. I feel great - no stiffness in my neck, no sore behind and no legs that feel like lead. Many of my Slovenian family are there to congratulate me.
I finished in the middle of the pack, about A'A hours of riding time. I told everyone afterward that it was a lot easier than I thought it was going to be. My hat goes off to Rok, who at just 15 years of age, completed a race of this length. I’m 36! When I was his age, I was smoking and stunting my growth.
After the race, they served us hot dogs, bread, and risotto, there was also free expresso available, courtesy of Barcaffee, one of the race sponsors. And of course, beer and wine were available for purchase.
Cyclists packed picnic tables and Slovenian music played in the background. On a table sat large trophies for the winners. The overall winner received a new Peugeot to drive for a week.
I have ridden in large bike tours in the United States, but nothing compared to this one. I have ridden for over 20 years and can honestly say that the Franja Marathon was the best day of cycling in my life.
American Home
Oldest Slovenian newspaper in the world!
St. Mary’s Summer Picnic
St. Mary’s (Collinwood) Summer Picnic will be held on Sunday, Aug. 17 at Slovenska Pristava in Harpersfield, Ohio.
The day will begin with Mass at 12:30 p.m. A delicious roast beef / chicken dinner will follow. Donation is $10.00 for adults and $5.00 for children.
There will be a bake sale, food and refreshments throughout the day, as well as children’s games, swimming, and music by the
Veseli Godci Orchestra.
This year we will also feature a Beer Garden, with a number of various imported beers.
If you have not yet picked up your raffle tickets by the parking lot entrance to the church, do so as soon as possible and try to purchase or sell all of the tickets.
All proceeds of the raffle and picnic will be for parking lot improvements.
—Fr. John Kumse Pastor
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, AUGUST 14, 2003
AMERICAN HOME
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA
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AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA (USPS 024100)
James V. Debevec - Publisher, English Editor Dr. Rudolph M. Susel - Slovenian Editor
Ameriška Domovina Permanent Scroll of Distinguished Persons:
Rt. Rev. Msgr. Louis B. Baznik, Michael and Irma Telich,
Frank J. Lausche, Paul Kosir
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AMERICAN HOME (ISSN 0164-680X) is published weekly for $35 per year by American Home Pub. Co., 6117 St. Clair Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44103-1692. Periodicals postage paid at Cleveland, Ohio. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to AMERICAN HOME, 6117 St. Clair Cleveland, OH 44103-1692.
No. 32
August 14, 2003
ismecn&m by mm
A Goldfish Named Leona
Two Weeks in Slovenia
by fiUDY FLIS I
I don’t like fish stories. You probably don’t either. But I must tell you about a goldfish named Leona.
Leona came to our home last Sunday, to spend a leisurely week with Therese and I while our granddaughter Sarah went on vacation with her family. No problem; right? - Wrong!
Less than 24 hours after her arrival, Leona was swimming on her side, and eventually went belly up. Therese was beside herself. Here it was Monday evening, time to prepare for our vacation day the next morning, Tuesday, and Therese could only think of Sarah and her pet fish, Leona.
All night Therese tossed and turned, as Leona just floated around upside down. How was she to explain to Sarah that Leona was no longer among the living. Therese and I had a fairly nice day in Amish country. We had a delicious lunch and dessert, and yes sometimes a thought or two surfaced about the Leona situation. A decision was made. — Get a replacement.
We ended our day a little early. When home, Therese fished Leona out of the bowl and put her in a sandwich bag and the two of us headed
over to a pet fish store. There were fish tanks all over the place, big and small, just like the fish in them. Could we find Leona’s twin? “I’ve found one,” Therese excitedly shouted to me. It was a good match and also a good day for Therese. Home we went and into the fish bowl Leona II went. Now we waited for Sarah’s reaction.
Meantime Therese put dead Leona into a zip-lock bag and then into the freezer, in case Sarah was not fooled. Only my son Mike, her dad, would know of the switch.
Mike and his children came to our home to pick up Sarah’s fish. Sarah walked over to the bowl, tapped on it and said, “Leona is glad to see me.” Then she said, “I bought Leona a toy.”
“Whew it worked!” we all thought to ourselves.
The next morning Mike called me. “Sarah knows Leona’s gone. I had to tell her when she said Leona doesn’t swim around much.”
Sarah has a new name for her new fish. “Fiona.” All of Therese’s worry, her anxiety, the extra gray hair and our shortened vacation day, all for a Fiona.
Sarah will have a proper burial for Leona, a marker and all, thanks to Grandma, who kept Leona on ice.
by
STEPHANIE POLUTNIK, and
JENNIFER POLUTNIK SCHLATER
Zdravo. Dober dan. Me veseli. Oprostite. Na zdravje.
These are just a few of the words we learned during our two weeks of traveling through Slovenia in July. This unique opportunity to experience the beauty, culture and language of the country was sponsored by the Student Organization of the University of Ljubljana and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
The program, Connecting Young Adults with Slovenian Heritage, is in its second year and was led by Robi Strah, a student at the University of Ljubljana. The group included 15 young adults from the U.S. and Canada between the ages of 18 and 26, all of Slovenian descent.
The tour commenced in Ljubljana with an introduction to the country and a walking tour of the city. Once we started moving, there wasn’t much time to slow down. We first traveled to the Notranjska region,
where we hiked in Rakov Škocjan and visited the sight of the disappearing Cerknica Lake. We also visited krizna jama, using carbide lamps to navigate our way into the home that cave bears once roamed.
One of the most picturesque places we visited was Lake Bled. The view from Bled castle is breathtaking and the famous kremsnite desert was undeniably a highlight of the day. We hiked through Triglav National Park and climbed to the impressive Slap Savica.
After a walking tour of historic Škofja Loka, we departed for the Adriatic coast where we visited the beautiful cities of Portorož and Piran. We rafted down the Soča River in Tolmin and had a wine tasting at the Buzinel vineyard in Medana, Goriška brda. We enjoyed a boat ride to Izola where we swam in the Adriatic Sea and played volleyball on the beach in Portorož. We also visited Lipica, the home of the famous Lipizzaner horses.
From Portorož we drove towards Novo mesto, where we walked through Postojnska jama and Predjamski castle and then visited Prus vineyard in Metlike, Bela Krajina. From there, we traveled to Pleterje to visit the Carthusian Monastery, founded in the 15th century. We stopped in Laško for a tour and tasting at the Laško
Brewery before making our way to Maribor, home to the oldest grapevine in the world.
During our stay in Ptuj, we swam in the hot springs near the city and visited Ptuj castle. The conclusion of our trip took us back to Ljubljana. We shared one last din-. ner together and enjoyed the clubs in the city.
We were lucky to have a great group of people traveling together. Our hosts Robi Strah, Karmen Mihel-
čič, Erma Stanonik, Jani Da-garin and Gasper Peternelj were phenomenal and their kindness and hospitality was greatly appreciated.
On behalf of the entire group, we would like to thank the Student Organization of the University of Ljubljana and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for a wonderful	experience-
Slovenia is a beautiful country and we look forward to visiting again.
Experience is a good teacher, but her fees are very high.
—Ray Mlakar
Visiting Baraga’s Shrine
by Sister Ann Marie Snyder, O.P.
ADRIAN, MI - Recently, my brother Joseph, his wife Josephine (Honey), daughter Josette and I took a trip to the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, to see the Shrine of Bishop Baraga, the first Bishop of Marquette and the Apostle of the Great Lakes.
This experience led me to offer my own reflection on this missionary of legend, our Slovenian “Showshoe Priest.”
I Had A Wish

It Entered My Dreams
It spoke of a mission and faith of a man steeped in both - and more.
He had a desire and dream that could not be ignored.
Reading about him, his life, his zeal,
Spoke deeply to me about his fervent dedication to a cause.
Armed with a cross, his snowshoes and guide,
He tirelessly ministered on reservation, crossing Keweenaw Bay any hour of the night or day.
His legacy lives on as stories are told of this Shepherd of souls, his deeds and his love for all of God’s fold.
—by Sister Ann Marie Snyder,
Life in the Refugee Camps
by ANTON ŽAKELJ translated and edited by JOHN ŽAKELJ
Sunday, March 30,1947
I wrote letters to my sister, my father and mother, my brother, and to a couple of friends. In the afternoon, Cilka and I walked h> the pastry shop.
Monday, March 31,1947
Our roommate Franc Demšar left yesterday on a trip to the surrounding countryside to sell shoes, but he hasn’t returned yet.
Mire began working at the Zeltweg airport, where the British are clearing out the German flight training facilities. He likes the job because they give him a good lunch with a fourth of a loaf of white bread. The British are burning the furniture and the paperwork which the Germans had left. Among all the old papers, Mire found an American military document (market ‘Secret’) with pictures taken by American fighter planes when they attacked our home village during the war. (At that time, we were under German occupation.) One of the pictures clearly shows our village church of St. Martin from the warplane’s viewpoint. Four people died in our village that day.
The Britjsh are finding large quantities of German bombs and munitions. They transport these bombs across the river to a wooded area where they have excavated a large hole and detonate them. People are saying that
This notice will serve as a reminder for all of our St. Clair Pensioners who are Planning on going to Seneca Niagara Casino in Niagara Falls, New York. There will be no border crossing because this casino is on the American side.
Our trip is scheduled for Tuesday, Sept. 16. Please Note: The first pickup will be at the Slovenian National Nome on St. Clair. The bus '''M depart the Slovenian National Home at 6:30 a.m. and depart the Orr Arena in nclid, Ohio at 7 a.m. The c°st is $26.00. Please make your check payable to St. Clair Pensioners Club and ^end to Jeanette Ruminski, 5801 Zeman Avenue, fcuclid, OH 44132. Phone
we can expect to see trainloads of American bombs arriving, to be destroyed in the same manner.
We finished a large quantity of lace border which the UNRRA director (an Englishman) had requested, but now he is offering to pay only for the value of the thread. Was he expecting us to work for nothing? What a miser. The British are all the same: they expect to get things for free; none of them want to pay. (Fifty-six years later, we still have that same lace border.)
Tuesday, April 1,1947 We received a very welcome package of food from our friend Silva.
We heard that our roommate Franc Demšar is in jail, apparently because he was more than 10 kilometers (6 miles) from the camp, without official permission.
Wednesday, April 2,1947 I worked all day on 3 broken bicycles which belong to people in our room. I hoped to make at least one good one out of the 3, but couldn’t find two good tires. Friday, April 4,1947 Good Friday Cilka woke me at 5 a.m. to make a potica for Easter.
I visited Franc Demšar in jail. Since the jail provides very little food for prisoners, I brought him 9 pounds of apples, 2 pounds of bread, a little bit of butter and sugar, and 10 cigarettes. I read in the paper that he was arrested because he was riding his bike at night without lights. When he was arrested,
(216) 261-1667. Indicate on your check whether you will be at Slovenian National Home or the Orr Arena. Include your name and address and date of birth when sending in your check. This is also necessary if two different names appear on the check. This information is required by the Seneca Casino.
In case you are a “lucky” winner of a large amount of money, you will have to show some identification such as a driver’s license or Social Security. At the present time we do have a waiting list.
Hope to see you at our monthly meeting on Thursday, Aug. 21.
-Sylvia Plymesser
he was carrying 13 pounds of bacon and 15 pounds of flour, probably food he had obtained as payment for shoes he had made or repaired.
Saturday, April 5,1947
I couldn’t fall asleep until 1 a.m. last night, due to the rain leaking through our roof. We’ve tried patching the roof with sheet metal, but nothing seems to work.
I used a friend’s bicycle to go to Weisskirchen, to sell lace and obtain some treats for Easter, but without success.
This afternoon, Cilka and I each received 3 letters. At 4 p.m., we went to the camp chapel for the traditional Easter blessing of food. Cilka took potica, sausage, eggs, apples and horseradish - special food which we had earned through our sale of bobbin lace. We had a good dinner. At 6:30 p.m., everyone in the camp went to a solemn Easter procession. With Račič, Ceč and Zupan,
I helped carry a new canopy at the head of the procession. The singing and the weather were beautiful.
Mire helped with the ringing of the new bell which Gosar and Košir had made out of damaged airplane aluminum specially for this occasion. Next to the chapel, we have a 6-foot wooden tower where we had previously hung a steel rail for a bell. For Easter, they removed the steel rail and installed the new aluminum bell. Unfortunately, it didn’t sound as good as the steel
rail. The bell had sounded all right when they were working on it in the workshop, but when they hung it in the tower, it sounded like tin.
After the church service, we listened to my brother’s radio in our room. The reception was unusually clear. For the first time, we were able to hear Radio Ljubljana.
(To Be Continued)
Thanks
Thanks to Mary Vesel of Strongsville, Ohio, owner of Katherine’s Restaurant, 7533 Pearl Rd., Middleburg Hts., renewed her subscription plus enclosed a magnificent $100.00 donation. She says, “You are doing a great job.”
Katherine’s Restaurant specializes in plenty of good, healthy food served in a pleasant atmosphere by knowledgeable waitresses.
“Dormitory” - when you rearrange the letters you get
“Dirty Room.”_____________
9eoduck is a huge edible clam, found along the Pacific Coast, about six inches iong, but the clam itself can weigh up to
St. Clair Pensioners News
Baraga Days Fast Approaching; Riders Sought for Bus Pilgrimage
Before we know it the dates of September 13-14 are going to be here. Those are the dates that we are going to Indianapolis, IN. We are leaving on Saturday, September 13 th and return on Sunday, September 14th. The bus will be ready to board at 7 a.m. from Euclid City Hall, 585 East 222nd Street.
Depart at 7:30 promptly, to St. Vitus Village, 6114 Lausche Avenue. Departure at 8 a.m. from the Village. Please be on time so we can be on our way as scheduled.
All of those who would like to go with us, please don’t delay. It is very important you let us know if you are coming because the hotel wants to know by August 13th so they know how many rooms to set aside for us.
The cost is $130.00. This includes bus fare, hotel (double occupancy) plus tax), and banquet.
On Saturday there will be a Mass in English at 7 p.m. in the Cathedral. The reception will follow in the Arts Garden, in the heart of downtown Indianapolis.
Sunday, Sept. 14 we will have continental breakfast at the hotel. Then we depart for the Church of the Holy Trinity. The Mass will be at 11 a.m. in Slovenian. Bring your singing voices with you. You know how beautiful Slovenian songs are, especially in church. I think you will agree.
After the Mass we will have the banquet and meeting. We will enjoy the hospitality this year of KSKJ St. Aloysius Lodge #52.
As you can see, we are working on this essential matter, with hope that Bishop Baraga becomes a saint soon. All people of Slovenian descent can be proud of Bishop Baraga who already has answered many prayers and given miracles to people whom we personally know.
So, do you have doubts about going on this pilgrimage? I think $130.00 is a small sacrifice for this good cause. Plus you will be with people you know, and maybe even make new friends.
On top of all this, you will see Indianapolis. I am sure that Bishop Baraga will smile on us. Don’t you think?
Please save this article so you will have all the information. Please send your check to me as soon as possible. Thank you.
Ivanka Matic
1874 Braebum Park Dr.
Euclid, OH 44117 (Phone: 216—481-1514.)
P.S; - Don’t forget to bring your Medicare Card. Hope nobody will need it. But it is nice to be worry free. Nasvidenje.
He who would travel happily must travel light.
LAVRISHA
Construction & Repair
BUILDING IMPROVEMENT SERVICES 6507 St. Clair Ave. - Cleveland, OH 44103 216 / 391-0035
3
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, AUGUST 14, 2003
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, AUGUST 14, 2003
4
Mlakar Walks Down Memory Lane
by RAY MLAKAR
Yep, Ray is back, but then I guess I always show up like a bad penny. Anyway on with the jokes first. Maybe I should say it is a poem dedicated to yours truly.
“It’s sure upsetting what life can do
and how it can mess things up for you.
WE never know what’s in store for us
and it doesn’t help to worry and fuss.
WE just gotta take whatever life brings
and as we grow older, it brings Bad Things.
“I know from experience and it’s no idle chatter
After 40, there is always something the matter.
Your battery runs down and your motor busts
Your clutch starts to slip and your spark plug rusts.
Your chasis is cracked and you strip your gears,
But we can’t feel like 20 When we lived 50 years. We can’t have the sunshine without the rain;
and we can’t go through life without any pain.
We just have both, the bitter and sweet
For it takes them both to make Life Complete!”
Well, back to Ray’s “Walk Down Memory Lane” and from where I ended last week’s column I was again unemployed, but this time I was determined to find a job, one where I was sure there would be no layoffs regardless if there was a war on or not. Where is the one place one can work where it would be pretty certain that you would be safe from layoffs?
After much thought, I felt it had to be employment with the U.S. Government. And being a veteran, I would get veterans’ preference, and let’s face it, I needed all the preference I could get.
I lost no time in applying for a job with the US Post Office, took my tests and passed with flying colors. So on 14 September, 1954 I was hired with the post office working for $1.71 an hour. It goes without saying that was not exactly big money, but it was a job.
I started out at the main post office downtown when it was located just the other side of the High Level Bridge. All new employees were on a so-called trial basis and so we worked with what they called “junk mail;” and it certainly was not first class. We were U.S. Postal Transportation Clerks just sorting mail.
They let us know from the start that we had to study
for a test in three months in which they would throw us a scheme which covered well over 700 cities and they would pick 100 at random to see if we threw them in the right box for delivery. It was mind-boggling, but I was not going to worry about that just yet.
After working at the Main Post Office for a month, the supervisor asked me if I would like to go on a Train Mail route, sorting real mail, first class mail aboard a traveling mail car train. Hey, that was right up my alley. He said the train would be traveling to Chicago from the Termihal on the square in downtown Cleveland, have a six-hour layover and then head back. He said it would give me experience with real First Class mail rather than just sorting junk mail.
That evening I headed for the railroad in the Terminal Tower, found the mail car and was aboard in no time. There were approximately four men working in the mail car, all sorting mail. Along the way mail was dropped off at the various stations and new mail was picked up, constantly sorting mail, bagging it for the next drop-off station.
The head man said, “Since this is your first trip aboard a mail car, we will give you an easy job. All you have to do is break open each bundle of mail and take out the ‘Specials’ and throw them in that bin over there. Okay.”
“Hey, no problem,” but to tell the truth, I knew diddly squat when he said take out the “Specials.” I cracked open each bundle of mail, looked at it and could not see anything “special” about it and just threw it aside with the rest of the mail.
Soon one of the guys came over and said, “Hey, you are letting a lot of specials slide by.” “I am? I was not aware of it.” “See here, this is a special.” I said forgive me but what is “special” about that letter? “You don’t know?” “Know what?” I said. “Special means Special Delivery. There is a 45 cent stamp on it and that mail is given top priority.”
Holy smoke; now I know. All I have to do is look for the 45 cent stamps.
Right, he said and they are always on top of the mail stack; you don’t have to go through the whole bundle for if it is Special Delivery, it will be the top letters on the bundle. I replied, “Got ya; have no fear, Ray is here”.
But, I don’t think I got a good write-up for they never asked me to take another mail train route again and I
was back at the mail terminal sorting junk mail.
A few weeks later the head supervisor came up to me and said, “Mlakar, from your records, we see you live on the West Side of Cleveland, not far from the airport, right?” Yep, I said, just a couple of miles away. “How would you like to work at the air mail field sorting First Class Air Mail Letters?”
“Fine,” I said, “anything is better than sorting junk mail.” And so, the following week I reported to the air mail field.
Already I could feel the burden of a heavy cross being laid on my shoulder. Being a Substitute Mail Clerk, we were forced to work overtime anywhere from 10 to 12 hours a day, all at straight time. Being a substitute mail clerk with no status, we were not entitled to regular time-and-a-half pay and they kept overtime pay for the regular employees with status to a minimum and used us substitutes to work the overtime at straight pay.
Weeks went by and my butt was dragging for when I got home all I wanted to do is sleep, but attended to the yard chores first. Most of the time I skipped supper for I was even too tired to eat. I was not heavy to begin with and at times I felt the sacks of mail weighed more than me.
Will I make the grade? Will I hang on? God you gotta help me for the boss reminds me every day to study for the Scheme test which would be coming up in a month or so. He’s gotta be kidding. When am I going to find time to study.
I did not have much of a night life for I was just too pooped to go any place, but
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Euclid, OH 44119-(216)404-0990 Fax (216) 404-0992
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Old World Plaza
Barber Shop
Haircuts: $7.00
664 E. 185 St.
- at Abby Ave. and Windward Rd. HOURS:
7:30 a.tn. 5:30 p.m. M-F 7:30 a.m. 5:00 p.m. Sat We love the Slovenian people. We want more of them as our customers.
to bed and catch up on my sleep. Will 1 make it? Don’t bet on it, but I have to end this column or the editor will think I am writing the third edition of the Holy Bible. So it is time I put this computer to bed as well as myself.
In the meantime May the Good Lord bless and watch over all of you. Before I sign off, “Good wishes for a
speedy recovery” to my sister Irene who had undergone an operation this past Wednesday and hope she will be home soon. Unfortunately, I was not allowed to visit her since she said it was restricted to her own immediate family only. Hang in there, Irene. I am praying for you along with many, many others.”
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From Bangkok to Yokohama
(Conclusion)
Nagasaki, one of my favorite cities in Japan, was only 14 hours across the Korean Sea from Pusan. Joy Brown and Adele Goetz, both from Melbourne area of Australia, had become my friends on the ship. So I offered to try to guide them around Nagasaki. But even my limited, but rather good Japanese could not save us from something rather unusual in Japan, being cheated by a taxi driver.
The driver estimated the fare from the dock to the famous Peace Statue as 1,600 Yen (about 13 dollars). But his meter wasn’t reaching that figure as we ueared our destination so he circled around to get the meter to 1,600 as I yelled, “Where are you going?” at bim in Japanese. He added °nly a couple of dollars that ^ay, but the principle of it irritated me. I wouldn’t have been surprised if it had been 'n China, but it shouldn’t happen in Japan.
After visiting the Peace Statue near the second atomic bomb’s ground zero. We walked to see the sobering exhibits of the Atomic Uomb Museum. I was again disappointed to see the altered wording of the 1931-45 chronology of Japanese aggression. When I had visited several years ago, just after the new museum had opened, there was an amazingly honest summary of Japanese military actions during those years. But the
tdfra-nationalists had protested. So now the aggression was glossed over and Oiade to seem rather benign.
Later in the day, the ladies and I visited the Glover Mansion, the former house of a British merchant built with a spacious hillside garden overlooking Nagasaki Harbor, one of the most beauti-hd harbors in Japan. We hound that using the colorful sfreetcars in Nagasaki was c°rnfortable and economical.
There are no subways in this city of 500,000. There are four streetcar lines. Reaving Nagasaki, our final aay at sea found us sailing me Pacific 780 miles north to Yokohama, the main port 0r Tokyo. The only rather ^Pleasant sea in two weeks ^as encountered after the ^egal Princess rounded the Southeastern tip of Kyushu,
e island that is the south-^most of Japan’s four main ls ands. The Pacific was a bit
? °Ppy until we neared To-tyo Bay.
disembarking with some ^ 00 other passengers about „ a rn., in Yokohama, part of
e largest metropolitan area
in the world, Tokyo, I prayed that I wouldn’t have a problem finding my friends, the Kobayashis, who were to meet me at the dock. But there they were when I went through the gate. We had a happy reunion. Dr. Kobay-ashi is a dentist in Tokyo and his wife, Yoko, with her friends have been my guests in Cleveland.
We drove about 15 miles south to Yokusuka, to enjoy
the hospitality of Dr. Kobay-ashi’s parents. Dr. Kobay-ashi and I walked a few blocks from his parent’s home to the most important naval memorial in Japan, the battleship Mikasa, which was the flagship of Admiral Togo at the famous Battle of Tsushima against the outgunned Russian fleet in 1905.
By the time we returned from going through the Mikasa, the Kobayashis had prepared my favorite Japanese treat, a sukiyaki dinner. Even foreigners who don’t enjoy sushi and other Japanese food, love sukiyaki and I found it “oishi,” that is delicious.
The next morning we bid a reluctant farewell to our hosts, Kobayashi seniors, and drove to Tokyo where I checked into the Dai Ichi Ginza Hotel, the conveniently located medium priced hotel at which I always stay in Tokyo. By a strange coincidence, the Dai Ichi Ginza was in its last three days before closing permanently. I told the hotel staff how sad I was to see it close inasmuch as I had stayed 6 or 7 times during the 30 years it was open. The staff was quite sad, too. But the hotel was being replaced by some larger project. Tokyo continues to grow and grow.
The next day was a Monday and Dr. Kobayashi asked if there was anything special I wished to do. I told him I had not seen a baseball game in Japan for more than 30 years. The Yakult Swallows were playing the Yokohama Baystars. My favorite team of the 12 Japanese professional teams is the Chunuchi Draeons^
So we took one of the 30 or more subway and elevated electric lines to Yokohama Stadium where we joined 31 000 other fans. I had for-gotten that the main difference between watching a game in the U.S. and in Japan is that the visitors usually bring a noisy cheering section of their own fans. Some 5,000 Yakult fans m the center and right field seats, carried on with flags, signs and cheerleaders every
Author John Prince at Yokohama Stadium
The author, John Prince in front of the Peace Statue in Nagasaki, Japan
time their team came to bat. It was a show in itself.
The next day was spent with Yoko and her daughter, Naoko, as we visited Dr. Kobayashi’s office and roamed around the Ginza, Tokyo’s main street. The nicest thing on almost any trip is to spend time with your friends in the area being visited.
I checked out the Dai Ichi Hotel for the last time the next day, walked to nearby Shimbashi Station and caught the train for the northern suburb of Matsudo.
Koyanagisan, my friend for 46 years and a retired navy captain, welcomed me at Matsudo station. As happened many times before, I spent my final days in Japan with Koyanagisan and his wife Yokiko and was fortunate enough to get to enjoy sukiyaki one more time.
Koyanagi and I took a long walk through a Matsudo park the following day before it was time to catch the “densha” (electric train) for Narita Airport.
It was sad saying goodbye to my friend of so many years, Koyanagisan, not knowing whether we will ever see each other again. But I boarded a Northwest 747 for the 11 hour nonstop flight to Detroit. My spirits were raised somewhat when Joan Reutter, the widow of my University of Detroit history professor and lifetime friend, Cliff Reutter, met me at Detroit Metru Airport and we were able to talk until the flight for Cicadtanfl - only some 35 minutes -was boarding.
That meant another - perhaps my 28th or 29lh - overseas trip was now a fond memory.
Pusan, the 2nd largest city of South Korea, from a 100-meter high observation tower. Population about 4 million.
Share your knowledge. It’s a way to achieve immortality.
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, AUGUST 14, 2003
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, AUGUST 14, 201
6
The Old Country - Europe 1937
(Continued from last week)
by JOE GLINŠEK
In a small plot on the bedroom side of the house that looks down the hill, Grandpa kept a garden bordered by dahlias. There were several varieties of vegetables, but just one tomato plant. Mom and I were eating these tomatoes fresh off the vine, much to the horror of the grandparents who considered them poisonous unless cooked. I’m surprised they wasted the space to grow them at all, because tomatoes were not a staple of Slovenian cooking. The names given to tomatoes in many countries are not user-friendly, and they were long referred to as poison apples. The Slovenian word is paradizhnik (of the paradise), and no doubt refers to the infamous apple that tempted Adam. Grandma was truly worried that we would be violently ill if not worse, and our demonstration was not convincing enough to persuade either grandparent to taste a fresh tomato. It was 1937, but some medieval myths prevailed.
We had other relatives to visit and we saw a lot of Slovenia that summer. Grandpa’s house in Ljubljana was our home base for travel to anywhere. The distances were not great, but there was no public transport to the villages we were to visit. You could walk, ride a horse or hire a horse and buggy. There must have been some cars on the streets, but not enough to enter my memory-bank. Perhaps they weren’t allowed in the Old City, and besides, Dad couldn’t drive.
As you left the capital city of Slovenia, there were no suburbs separating it from rural country. A half-hour walk took you out to bucolic farmlands where the only buildings were very old bams and farmhouses with thatched roofs. All the relatives on both sides of our family lived within 35 miles of Ljubljana. Novo Mesto was the nearest city of any size, and it was just a few miles past the town where my mother’s relatives lived. A horse and wagon wasn’t much faster than a brisk walk, but it did carry your baggage.	Žužemberk,
Stavcha Vas and Trebcha Vas were close by the river Krka and near Novo Mesto, these were the villages where we stayed for a week or more. Grandpa Anzhlin’s (Anzlin’s) people lived in this area and he had many relatives, including a sister with 10 living children. A village called Velike Vrhe was the birthplace of my de-
ceased Anzhlin grandmother, and was in the same general direction.	^
The village of Želimlje, which was less than 10 miles from Ljubljana, is where Dad and his father were bom, and where their relatives now lived. We visited here for a few days at their small farm, which had an apple orchard that was planted in terraced, descending rows. A natural stream drove a very photogenic mill-wheel, and the orchard had a cleverly con-structed alternate mill race using water diverted from a brook upstream of the mill to feed its narrow channel. Only a yard wide, it flowed
parallel to the upper terrace of trees and doubled back and forth along the lower terraces before passing under a foot-bridge and rejoining the main stream beyond the mill.
It was fascinating to watch an apple fall from a tree, roll down the gently sloping terrace and into the man-made channel. Floating with the current, the apple traversed the water chute and
eggplant, no ham in hamburger, and neither pine nor apple in a pineapple. English muffins were not invented in England, French fries were not invented in France.
Quicksand takes you down slowly, boxing rings are square and guinea pig is neither from Guinea nor is it a pig. If the plural of tooth is teeth, shouldn’t the plural of phone booth be phone beeth? If the teacher taught, shouldn’t the preacher praught? If a vegetarian eats vegetables, what the heck does a humanitarian eat?
Why do people recite at a play yet play at a recital? We park on driveways and drive on parkways.
Barbecue Rib/ Pork Dinner
The Slovenian National Home, 3563 E. 80,h St., Newburgh is sponsoring their annual Barbecue Rib and Pork Dinner / Baby Back Rib on Friday, Aug. 15. Serving will be from 5 p.m. to 7 p.m.
Music 6:30 to 9:30 p.m. by Frank Moravcik.
Donation is $10.00 per person. Reservations please. Call Anna Mae (216) 341-6136 or Tony (440) 243-4062.
was captured by a rake-like wooden device suspended from the foot-bridge. A snapshot of my cousin and I sitting on the bridge with a pail, evoked this entire description. It was his job to sort these apples every day. The best were sold, and the bruised were cooked, baked •Gr pressed into cider. I didn’t see it, but there may have been brandy cooking in the mill-house.
Though Grandma stayed behind on this visit, the farmhouse still could not accommodate four extra guests, so I joined the boys who were sleeping in the hayloft to make room for the adults. It was a wonderful experience, one that every kid should have at least once. Familiar bam-smells mingled with the fragrance of hay, and no bed was ever as soft or smelled as sweet. There was a nice cross-draft in the loft, and we slept comfortably on those hot summer nights. While a visitor at the farm I was just another one of the kids, and had a great time working and playing with them.
(To Be Continued)
A house bums up as it bums down. You fill IN a form by filling it OUT.
Why isn’t 11 pronounced onety-one?
Why is a wise guy and a wise man, opposites?.
If lawyers are disbarred and clergymen defrocked, doesn’t it follow that electricians can be delighted, musicians denoted, cowboys deranged, models deposed, tree surgeons debarked and dry cleaners depressed?
When stars are out they are visible. On the other hand when lights are put they are not visible.
When a person winds up a watch it starts, yet when we finish this article we wind it up.
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IVORY CITY PIANO SERVICE
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Further thoughts on the English language
There is no egg in the
Coming Events
Friday, Aug. 15 Slovenian	National
Home, 3563 E. 80,h Annual Barbecue Rib Pork Dinner / Baby Back Rib. Serving 5 to 7 p.m. Music 6:30 to 9:30 by Frank Moravcik. Donation $10. Reservations (216) 341-6136 or (440) 243-4062.
Sunday, Aug. 17 St. Mary’s (Coll.) parish picnic at Slovenska Pristava.
Sunday, Aug. 17 Slovenian Cultural Society (Triglav) in Milwaukee, WI Second Picnic at Triglav Park in Wind Lake, Wis.
Sunday, Sept. 7 Collinwood Slovenian Home Musicfest honoring Eddie Roddick.
Sat., Sun., Sept. 13,14 Annual Bishop Baraga Days in Indianapolis.
Saturday, Sept. 13 Folklore Group Kres performance at Slovenian National Home, Cleveland.
Saturday, Sept. 13 Wine and Cheese Festival at Slovenian National Home, 3563 E. 80th St., Newburgh. Tickets ($12) call (216) 662-3339.
Sunday, Sept. 14
Wine festival (Stan Mejac Band) at Slovenska Pristava.
Sunday, Sept. 21 St. Vitus Altar Society annual dinner.
Saturday, Sept. 27 Slovenian radio program “Songs and melodies from beautiful Slovenia” celebrates 50th anniversary with banquet at Slovenian National Home, St. Clair.
Sunday, Sept. 28 Slovenian Cultural Society (Triglav) in Milwaukee,
WI Wine Festival at Triglav park in Wind Lake, WI.
Sunday, Sept. 28 Matching funds dinner in St. Vitus Auditorium, E. 61 and St. Clair Ave., Cleveland sponsored by Christ the King 226 and Sacred Heart of Jesus 172 KSKJ for benefit of Bishop’s School in Slovenia.
Serving 11 a.m. to 1:30. Adults $12, children $6. All welcome.
Saturday, Oct. 4 Slovenski Dom, Toronto
Sunday, Oct. 12 Koline dinner (Retirees Slovenska Pristava) at Slovenska Pristava.
Sunday, Oct. 19 St. Mary’s (Collinwood) School Alumni annual banquet following 12 noon Mass.
Sunday, Oct. 26 St. Vitus Alumni Honoree Day.
Sunday, Nov. 9 Slovenian Junior Chorus Fall Concert, Slovenian Society Home, Euclid, OH.
Saturday, Nov. 15 Glasbena Matica Fall Concert.
Sunday, Nov. 16 Rev. Victor Cimperman celebrates 60,h anniversary at 10:30 a.m. Mass in St. Vitus Church. Reception to follow.
Sunday, Nov. 23 30th Annual Artists & Crafts Show, 20713 Recher Ave., Euclid, OH 11 a.m. • ^ p.m. Free admission. Contact person:	Justice Skok »'
216-261-1253
Saturday, Dec. 6 Slovenski Dom, Toronto.
Saturday, Jan. 24
Pristavska Noč at Slov®' nian National Home, St-Clair.
Labor Day Weekend 2005 Bishop Baraga annua meeting and gathering Cleveland, Ohio.
Flower Power 2003
Seasonal Planting and Pruning« Grass cutting, edging, ^ planting flower beds and dis plays. Fertilizing and s amendments available niU ches, manure, and soils). feeders, feeds, and bath f0^ tains. Landscape Design tai made for you...
Call Michael J. Miv«** for appointment
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'The Lucas Team"
Roger Lucas v.m. 440-974-7207 Donna Lucas v.m. 440-974-7217
email: r.lucas@realtyone.com d.lucas@realtyone.com
pDeath Notices |
ESTHER EVELYN PERCHAN
Esther Evelyn (Zugel) Perchan died Tuesday, July 22, 2003 at Kaiser Founda-tion Hospital in Fontana, Calif., after a long illness, complicated by pneumonia. She was 75.
Esther was bom on Dec. 17, 1927 in Cleveland, Ohio to Martin and Frances (Hočevar) Zugel. She gradu-ated from St. Vitus School, and John Hay High School. She married Eugene Perchan *0 1946. They moved to Ri-a>to, CA in 1963, and she l*ved there until she moved to Redlands, CA to live with her daughter and family, five years ago.
In 1964 she began a 23-year career with the San Bernardino County Board of Supervisors, including forking as an Executive Secretary for the Supervi-s°rs, and later, as Adminis-trative Assistant, and was recognized Senior Staff
Member, a position created especially for her. She was responsible for issues affecting the entire board.
Esther retired in 1986 to sPend time with her family, pursue her love of art ^d music. She sang with the Thomas More Church Choir in Rialto, and with the °mana Master Chorale SlI»gers.
, Shortly before being hos-P'talized, she and her family ^turned from Hawaii, a l5 ace she loved.
. Survivors include her pV*ng husband of 57 years, ugene Perchan of Rialto,
0 loving sons, Michael erchan of Fontana, Mark aerchan of Kapalei, Hawaii, loving daughter Pamela Cszczynski (Michael) of . edlands, a sister Dorothy fenonik of Euclid, Ohio, ^ree grandchildren, and two
CARST-NACY
Memorials
15425 Waterloo Rd. 481-2237
“Serving the
i^Slovenian Community."
great-grandchildren. She was a beloved aunt and great-aunt, and cousin to many. Esther was loved by all.
Chapel services were held on Monday, July 28 at McNeamy Family Mortuary in Rialto, CA. Father Timothy Jernejčič, newly appointed pastor of St. Thomas More Church in Rialto, officiated at the services, and also at Riverside National Cemetery in Riverside, CA.
The family was overwhelmed when it was discovered that day, that Father Jernejčič is related to them. Father’s great-grandfather, Frank Jemejcic, and Esther’s grandmother, Marija Hočevar, were brother and sister. Their hearts were heavy with sorrow, but God helped ease the pain, with the discovery of a newly found relative.
If desired, memorial donations may be made to St. Vitus Church, 6019 Lausche Ave., Cleveland, OH 44103, or St. Thomas More Church, 221 E. Easton St., Rialto, CA 92376.
In Memory
Thanks to Theresa Gerkman of Portland, MI who added a $15.00 donation in memory of her husband, Frank,
In Memory
Thanks to Victor Intihar of Wickliffe, OH who added a $15.00 donation to his subscription in memory of his wife, Ann.
In Memory
Thanks to Mary Virant of Peoria, IL who renewed her subscription and added a $15.00 donation in memory of her husband, Frank Virant.
In Loving Memory
Of Our Husband, Father, Grandfather and Father-in-Law
Frank A. Zitko
Died Aug. 15, 1994 SADLY MISSED BY: Dorothy - Wife Frank J. - Son Susan - Daughter Ann - Daughter-in-Law Grandchildren: Frankie and Mary
£ele Funeral Home
MEMORIAL CHAPEL
Located at
452E. 152St. Ph: (216) 481-3118
Family owned and operated since
In Memory
Thanks to Caroline Stefančič of Willoughby, OH who renewed her subscription and added a $15.00 donation in memory of her husband and father.
In Memory
Thanks to Mitzi Andrews of Cleveland, OH who renewed her subscription and added a $5.00 donation in memory of friend Jo Sustarsic.
In Memory
Thanks to Fran Mavko of Marblehead, MA who added a $10.00 donation to her subscription renewal in memory of parents, Valentine and Frances Mavko.
Donation
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Donation
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Donation
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Eating Out Light & Healthy
The best commercial diet
c
Slovenians Are
eooF
Restaurants are more accommodating than you might think - a	Na-
tional Restaurant Association survey found that nearly 90 percent of all table service restaurants will alter food preparations on request. Here’s how to design delicious, low-risk meals with a chefs help.
Gain the edge on hunger by starting with a broth-based soup, fruit, raw vegetables, unbuttered bread, or a light seafood appetizer.
Choose entrees that are steamed, poached, broiled, roasted, baked, or cooked in their own juices. Fish is almost always the best choice. Pass up anything fried or sauteed.
Cut the fat off red meats, and remove skin from chicken before eating it.
Stay away from thick, rich sauces, and stick to ones that are thin and stock-based. Avoid hollandaise, beamaise, beurre blanc, or anything that sounds like gravy. Choose red pasta sauces over white.
Ask for your vegetables steamed.
Order salad dressings on the side, and then use them sparingly. Try lemon juice, plain vinegar, or buttermilk dressing as low-fat alternatives.
Eat small portions, or order half-portions at a reduced rate - and never stuff yourself. As your stomach expands, so does your appetite.
THE RIGHT DIET
programs focus on smart food choices. No plan is perfect, but the good ones all have the following features in common:
V	Recommend food that is low in fat and sugar, high in complex carbohydrates, such as breads and vegetables.
V	Teach you how to cook delicious low-fat meals that are quick and easy to prepare.
V	Include an adequate supply of vitamins and minerals.
V	Ask you to eat at least 1,100 calories a day. Allow you to eat a variety of foods and foods you like in moderation.
V	Let you eat in restaurants occasionally.
V	Encourage new eating habits and exercise.
CAUTION
Avoid crashing and popping. Studies show that people who repeatedly go on and off crash diets actually gain weight over time. The sad fact is that the only thing crash dieters ever learn is how to starve. Try suppressing your appetite with most diet pills and you risk a number of nasty side effects, such as irritability, insomnia, high blood pressure, and chemical dependency. Plus, once you stop taking them, any weight you’ve lost will probably sneak right back on. Weight control is a learned behavior.
Faith Anne Tomsick Makes Debut
Faith Anne Tomsick made her debut on August 11, 2003 at 10:04 p.m. at Hill-crest Hospital. She weighed in at 6 lbs., 9 ozs.
Proud parents are Lisa and Joey Tomsick of Euclid, Ohio. Happy grandparents are Anne and Ken Tomsick, and Dolores and John Baco of Euclid, Ohio.
The Tomsicks will be celebrating their 10th ^anniversary on August 21 and Faith Anne is the best present in the world.
My advice to youngsters would be that their own thoughts, their own feelings, their own visions are as important as anyone’s in the world; that self-empowerment and self-value is something that is very important to them. —Leslie Schulten
Dr. Zenon A. Klos
E. 185,h Area
V 531-7700
— Emergencies -Dental Insurance Accepted Laboratory on Premises - Same Day Denture Repair COMPLETE DENTAL CARE FACILITY
848 E. 185 St.
(between Shore Carpet & Fun Services)
The JOEY TOMSICK ORCHESTRA
2003 Summer' Performance Schedule, 216/481-1063
AUGUST 2003
c.« 8/16	Willo Sports Hall of Fame	Patrician Party Ctr/Eastlake	6:30p - 10:30p	440/953-0510
O d l, w» ■ Cri A/22	Reverse Raffle	St Clair Slov Home E 65th	8:00p - 12:00a	216/881-7832
ril, o#** Sat, 8/23 Tues, 8/26	Slavic Villaae Festival	Slavic Village Cleveland Oh	1:00p - 4:30p	216/429-1182
	Maple Hts. Music in Park	Dunham Park. Tumev Road	6:30p - 8:30p	216/587-9602
POLKA BUS TRIP Saturday, September 27 SUGARCREEK, Ohio
„	excursion to Sugarcreek Polka Festival ■ "Ohio s Little Switzerland" Several Bands. Dinner
J" daV	included. Reservations call 216/531-2745. Same price as 2002 Just S40Pp
CleveianTs toward Winning All Occasion Band - Contact joejrtSjoeytomsiek.com

AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, AUGUST 14, 2003
AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA, AUGUST 14, 2003
News from Slovenia
Slovenian Online Newsletter
D&B Report Places Slovenia on top
In its report for August, the international rating firm Dun&Bradstreet (D&B) confirms Slovenia’s lone stand atop the Eastern European region with a DB2c rating. Having raised Slovenia to this level a month ago, D&B says Slovenia seems likely to retain the top grade in the region for some time to come.
The August report touches on the make-or-break meeting of the four coalition party leaders that took place in the first half of July. Although the meeting raised concerns of a split in the coalition, D&B points out that it passed without incident with all parties choosing to support the government’s EU-shaping program.
The report adds the coalition is to face another test before the year is up as the government goes about drafting the 2004 and 2005 budgets.
Fire Risk
Following an extended period of drought and one of the hottest summers on record, the Slovenian Civil Protection and Disaster Relief Authority has declared the highest wildfire risk in the entire country. It is forbidden to use open fire in nature and throw away burning objects such as cigarette butts or dump flammable substances that could start a fire.
Lower Unemployment
At the end of June there were 94,385 persons registered at the employment office, which is the lowest number of unemployed in Slovenia since January, 1992. The number of unemployed was down 5.7 percent over June 2002, according to the National Statistics Office.
Adria Airways Announces
Increased Passengers
Slovenian flag carrier Adria Airways flew 479,000 passengers in the first seven months of the year, up four percent year-on-year, the carrier reported. Flights were
Men occasionally stumble on the truth, but most of them pick themselves up and hurry off as if nothing had happened.
--Sir Winston Churchill
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HAIR SALON
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Euclid, Ohio 44123 216 - 732-8077 Operated by Joe Foster
booked 56 percent on average, with charger flights recording an average booking rate of 69 percent, and scheduled flights 54 percent.
While passenger transport figures are encouraging, cargo transport has been less successful. Adria handled 2,250 tons of cargo in the year through July, which is 16 percent less than last year.
Adria pointed out, the European association of air carriers AEA, which unites 29 airlines, recorded a decrease in transport of 0.9 percent in the first six months of the year. In July, however, the number of passengers increased by 1.9 percent.
This indicates, according to Adria, that air transport is slowly emerging from the crisis. However, revenues are still critical, so pressure to cut costs has been in-creasing, the carrier stressed.
Thanks to Phil Hrvatin for this news.
Gold’s Worth
During the Roman Empire, a good suit of clothes cost an ounce of gold. Today, the price for a suit remains approximately the same as an ounce of gold ($353).
Cleveland News The Ana Pupeden American tour was successful as anticipated. The tour got off to a rousing start on Friday, May 9 and wound its way through Cleveland, New York City, Maryland and Chicago.
Ana Pupedan’s finale was held in the Travelmax basement, and their performance was compared favorably by many to Hendrix at Wood-stock and the High Life-fueled Alpine Sextet on any given Saturday night.
Rumors that “The Pu-pedan” are actually homeless Veneti freedom fighters are completely unfounded.
There is plenty of room on the Ana Pupedan bandwagon, so feel free to send in your order for their CD to Martin_Krpan@hotmail.com Zreška Pomlad’s wildly anticipated debut concert occurred on Saturday, July 5 at the SNPJ Farm in front of 700 polka fanatics. Several people complained that the music was too slow for dancing, but a few appreciated the slower tempo. They concluded their phenomenal tour at the Kres picnic, where hundreds of onlookers were amazed not only at the musical prowess of the band, but also at the organization of the Kres group.
Ansambel Ekart’s American invasion was a success
in many rights. Ekart received many compliments for their June 28th performance at Slovenska Pristava, but their coverage of Avsenik alienated a few fans eager to hear their original numbers. The sparse attendance at their follow-up concert at the Slovenian National Home was a sad tone to send to such a wonderful group.
SIoveneFest 2003 sponsored by SNPJ. Many came to enjoy good company and great Slovenian music. Zreška Pomlad played three days of intense polkas. Congratulations to Courtney Pabian for being named Miss SNPJ.
Slovenian News Lasko Brewery’s hostile takeover of Union is imminent, as Slovenia’s courts have taken up the case. Union’s cries of “we’re a better beer” went unheeded.
Upfront News Mladi Janez is dumbfounded why the Chapel a1 Pristava has not been used more than twice this year-The chapel spot was picke by Monsignor Škrbec an was the most signifi03/1 building project at Slovens a Pristava. It is dedicated to the people who fought f° Democracy against the 9/r anny of the Communists.
100 WORDS MORE OR LESS by John Mercina
“How We Treat People”
(Received via e-mail, author unknown. Part I)
□	First Important lesson (A cleaning lady)
“During my second month of college, our professor gave us a pop qtiiz- | was a conscientious student and had breezed through the questions until f read the last one: ‘What is the first name of the woman who cleans the school?’ Surely this was some kind of joke. I had seen the cleaning womao several times. She was tall, dark-haired and in her 50s, but how would 1 know her name? I handed in my paper, leaving the last question blank JuSt before the class ended, one student asked if the last question would courd toward our quiz grade. ‘Absolutely,’ said the professor. Tn your careers, will meet many people. All are significant. They deserve your attention afld care, even if all you do is smile and say ‘hello’. I’ve never forgotten tha lesson. I also learned her name was Dorothy.”
□	Second Important Lesson (Always remember those who serve)
“In the days when an ice cream sundae cost much less, a 10-year-old entered a hotel shop and sat at a table. A waitress put a glass of water 1 ? front of him. ‘How much is an ice cream sundae?’ he asked. ‘Fifty cents, replied the waitress. The little boy pulled his hand out of his pocket an studied the coins in it. ‘Well, how much is a plain dish of ice cream? inquired. By now, more people were waiting for a table and the wajtf® was growing impatient. ‘Thirty-five cents,’ she replied. The little h ^
again counted his coins. ‘I’ll have the plain ice cream,’ he said
waitress brought him the ice cream, put the bill on the table and wal away. The boy finished the ice cream, paid the cashier and left. When ^ waitress came back to clean the table, she began to cry as she down the table. There, placed neatly beside the empty dish, were nickels and five pennies...you see, he couldn’t have the sundae, been he had to have enough left to leave her a tip.”	____
FOR Freedom AND Justice		Ameriška Domovina
		AMERICAN IN SPIRIT	SLOVENIAN FOREIGN IN LANGUAGE ONLY	MORNING NEWSPAPER
		AMERIŠKA DOMOVINA	(USPS 024100) Thursday, August 14, 2003
- Vesti iz Slovenije -
Zaradi jutrišnjega praznika Marijinega
vnebovzetja slovesnosti po vsej Sloveniji
Jutri, petek, 15. avgusta, bo praznik Marijinega vnebovzetja, največji Marijin "»raznik in hkrati eden najstarejših ter je n^ Slovenskem zelo pomemben. Slovesna bogoslužja bodo na vseh večjih romarskih krajih vodili slovenski škofje.
Ljubljanski nadškof in metropolit dr. Franc Rode bo maševal na Brezjah, največjem slovenskem romarskem središču. Ljubljanski pomožni škof msgr. Andrej Glavan bo daroval mašo v župnijski cerkvi Marije vnebovzete v Turnišču, pomočni škof Alojz Uran v župnijski cerkvi Marije Vnebovzete v Kranj u-Primskovo, škof Kvas pa v Rep-njah, v Domu matere Margarete.
Mariborski škof dr. Franc Kramberger bo vodil mašo v župnijski in romarski cerkvi sv. Marije na Ptujski gori, pomožni škof dr. Jožef Smej v župnijski cerkvi Marijinega vnebovzetja v Apačah, pomožni škof dr. Anton Stres pa v župnijski cerkvi Marijinega vnebovzetja v Olimju.
Koprski škof Metod Pirih bo daroval slovesno mašo v romarski cerkvi Matere božje Tolažnice žalostnih v Logu pri Vipavi, zvečer pa v koprski stolnici. Pomožni škof dr. Jurij Bizjak bo maševal v največji primorski božjepotni cerkvi na Sveti gori Pri Gorici. Upokojeni beograjski nadškof dr. Franc Perko bo vodil mašo v župnijski cerkvi Marije Vnebovzete na Prihovi.
Hrvaška za ekonomsko cono na Jadranu -Slovenija bi bila zelo negativno prizadeta
Hrvaška je sredi preteklega tedna sezna-n'la slovenskega veleposlanika v Zagrebu dr. Petra Bekeša z diplomatskimi akcijami 2a zaščito Jadrana. Gre za ustanovitev gospodarskega pasu. Vzrok za alarm: če bi ga
razglasila še Italija, bi Slovenija izgubila dostop do odprtega morja. Hrvaški akademik dr.	Davorin Rudolf pravi,	da če	so
odnosi med državama dobri, je vedno mogoč kompromis.
Če bi	se Hrvaški	uspelo z Italijo dogovoriti o	ekonomski	coni, bi ti	državi	na
tak način odpravili kategorijo odprtega dela morja v	tem delu	Sredozemlja,	vendar	bi
Slovenija to težko izpodbijala, opozarja slovenski strokovnjak za pravo morja dr. Marko Pavliha. Italija za zdaj zagotavlja, da se bo držala dogovorov znotraj EU. Rim tako sporoča, da se zavzema za sporazumno urejanje odprtih vprašanj med vsemi tremi vpletenimi državami.
Sestra Vendelina ne bo več kuhala
V starosti 87 let je v samostanu na Brezjah umrla Marija Ilc, sestra Vendelina, ki je vzgojila številčne rodove mladih v kuharskih spretnostih; mojstrovine sladkokuscev in preproste slovenske jedi je predstavila v knjigah Kuharica sestre Vendeline, Pecivo sestre Vendeline, Božič s sestro Vendelino in mojstrom Goljatom, ravno ta mesec pa bo posthumno izšla knjiga Zmeraj sestra Vendelina z osnovami dobre domače kuhinje.
Bivši domobranec in hotelir v Gorici
Vinko Levstik žrtev tragične nesreče
Včeraj je AD telefoniral rojak Stane Šušteršič iz Washingtona, da je v torek za posledicami padca z gradbenega odra, kp so obnavljali njegov hotel v Gorici, umrl 78 let stari Vinko Levstik, ki so ga tako komunistične kakor post-komunistične oblasti v Sloveniji preganjale do pred nedavnega zaradi domnevnega vojnega hudodelstva v času, ko je Levstik služil kot domobranec. Več podrobnosti prihodnjič.
^TUDENTSKI DOM JE BIL NEKOČ PREDVIDEN KOT BARAGOVO SEMENIŠČE -Sradbo, katere del je tudi Akademskij kolegij, je po načrtih Jožeta Plečnika leta 1941 *8radila Cerkev, vendar le do polovice, saj je dokončanje preprečila 2. svetovna vojna. I	je želela sprva na tem kraju postaviti novo stolno cerkev, pozneje pa se je od-
°c'la za semenišče in ga poimenovala po škofu Frideriku Baragi. Zdaj so v njem štu-
dentski
dom Akademskij kolegij, Festivalna dvorana in Mladinsko gledališče. Prav zara-
^ različnih dejavnosti, ki potekajo v zgradbi, se je med drugim zavlekla tudi denacio-(v '*ac*ia> s tem pa so v nevarnosti stanovalci študentskega doma - država namreč ž Sa<* do nedavnega) ni bila pripravljena financirati sanacije električne napeljave, saj bo radba bržkone prej ali slej pristala spet v rokah Cerkve.
Iz Clevelanda in okolice
Piknik fare M. Vnebovzete-
Piknik fare Marije Vnebovzete bo to nedeljo, 17. avgusta, na Slovenski pristavi. Skupno srečanje se bo začelo s sv. mašo ob 12.30 uri, sledilo bo okusno kosilo z govejo pečenko in piščancem. Dar je le $10 za odrasle in $5 za otroke. Imeli bodo tudi prodajo peciva, ves popoldan hrano in tekoča okrepčila, igre za otroke, plavanje, za ples bo igral ansambel Veseli godci. Posebnost letos na pikniku bo “beer garden” z različnimi vrstami uvoženega piva. Ves dohodek bo uporabljen za obnovo parkirišča pri cerkvi. Vse vabljeni!
Pomembna obletnica—
Radijska oddaja “Pesmi in melodije iz naše lepe Slovenije” bo praznovala 50. obletnico ustanovitve v soboto, 27. septembra, z banketom in programom v SND na St. Clair Ave. Pričelo se bo ob 6h zvečer. Za rezervacije in več informacij, pokličite 440-256-2691.
Že 110. obletnica—
Čas teče dalje in razne obletnice nam gredo mimo. Tako je poprejšnjo sredo prišlo do 110. obletnice ustanovitve župnije sv. Vida, ki bo imela, kot kaže, še kar precej le-teh.
Novi grobovi
Molly M. Smolič
Umrla je 90 let stara Molly M. Smolič, rojena Urbančič, vdova po Josephu, mati JoAnn Martin, Mary Jurcak, Josepha in Allena, 12-krat stara mati, 16-krat prastara mati, sestra Williama ter že pok. Adol-pha in Mary. Pogreb je bil 13. avgusta s sv. mašo v Light of Hearts Villa Chapel v Bedfordu s pokopom na Vseh svetnikov pokopališču.
Milan J. Urbančič
Umrl je 81 let stari Milan J. Urbančič iz Chester Tvvp., mož Helen, roj. Ujčič, oče Caroline Van Slyke, dr. Johna (M.D.) in dr. Josepha (M.D.), 7-krat stari oče, brat Mildred Penharth ter že pok. Angele Aversa-no in Franka, veteran 2. svetovne vojne, v kateri je služil v ameriških letalskih silah v Kitajski, Burmi in Indiji. Pogreb je bil 13. avgusta s sv. mašo v cerkvi sv. Anselma v Chesterlandu s pokopom na Vernih duš pokopališču.
Marijino vnebovzetje—
Jutri, 15. avgusta, je praznik Marijinega vnebovzetja. Katoličan je ta dan dolžan biti pri maši. Praznik Marije Device so v jeruzalemski cerkvi začeli obhajati kmalu po koncilu v Efezu 1. 451, papež Pij XII. je leta 1950 slovesno razglasil versko resnico (dogmo) o Marijinem vnebovzetju.
Vrtna veselica Pristave—
Odbor Slovenske pristave pripravi za soboto, 30. avgusta (sicer Delavski dan praznik konec tedna), vrtno veselico. Na njej bo igral že četrti ansambel iz Slovenije letos in sicer “Mladi Dolenjci”. Ansambel bo začel igrati ob 6. uri zvečer, kuharice bodo poskrbele za dobro hrano, pa tudi za žejne bo raznovrstno pijačo na voljo. Vsi člani in prijatelji SP vabljeni!
KOLEDAR
AUGUST
31. - Društvo SRB vodi
romanje k Žalostni Materi božji v Frank, Ohio. Sv. mašo daruje č.g. dr. Pavle Krajnik ob 12. uri opoldne, druge pobožnosti ob 2.30.
SEPTEMBER
13. - Folklorna skupina
Kres ima celovečerno prireditev v SND na St. Clairju.
21. - Oltarno društvo sv.
Vida ima vsakoletno kosilo v avditoriju pri sv. Vidu.
27.	- Slovenska radijska
družina priredi banket v proslavo 50. obletnice obstoja oddaje “Pesmi in melodije iz naše lepe Slovenije”, v Slovenskem narodnem domu na St. Clair Ave. Pričetek ob 6. uri zv., za ples igra orkester Staneta Mejača.
28.	- SKD Triglav, Milwaukee, priredi Vinsko trgatev, na Parku.
28. - Društvi KSKJ št.
226 in 172 priredita dobro-. delno kosilo v dobrobit Škofovih zavodov v Šentvidu, od 11. do 1.30 pop. v avditoriju sv. Vida.
OKTOBER
18. - Moški pevski zbor
Fantje na vasi ima koncert v SND na St. Clairju.
25. - Štajerski-Prekmur-
ski klub ima martinovanje v SND na St. Clairju.
NOVEMBER
8. - Belokranjski klub
ima martinovanje v SND na St. Clairju.
Nekaj novic iz Triglavskega parka - Milwaukee
Z leve so: Matt Mejač, Charlie Strmšek, Margie Menčak in Ivan Bambič
GURNEE, 111. - Smo sredi poletja. Čeprav je vreme precej muhasto, smo imeli na Parku kar lepe dneve. Po Spominskem dnevu smo imeli že prvi piknik, nato 4. julija članski piknik, 27. julija pa Misijonski piknik.
Prvi piknik je potekel tako kot vedno. Ljudje so se pohvalili s hrano in glasbo in tudi balinarji so prišli na svoj račun.
Četrti julij - članski piknik: Naš športni referent Franci Mejač je spet organiziral tekme kot prejšnja leta, ko je bila ‘druga generacija” še mlada. Že v če-trek (3. julija) so zrasli po hribu šotori in ti so ostali kar čez nedeljo. Tekme so se začele dopoldne s kolesarjenjem, plavanjem in tekom. Prvo nagrado je dobil mladi Thomas Mejač, drugo Johnny Bambič, tretjo pa Marjan Strmšek. Skupina najmlajših se je z vso energijo pomerila v tekmi s kolesi.
Do kosila je bil Park poln življenja - staro in mlado! Kosilo je organizirala Maureen Mejač, Charlie Strmšek pa je imel komando pri ražnju. Za vse druge dobrote so poskrbele mlade članice. Hvala lepa vsem - bilo je res imenitno!
Za balinarske tekme je Leon Segedin sestavil 12 ekip iz mladih, starih in najmlajših. Dari Strmšek, naša mladostna 92-letna članica se je prav dobro odrezala!
Vzelo je dolgo časa, da so se vsi pomerili. Navdušenih gledalcev je bilo nič koliko. Zmagali so Ivan Bambič, Charlie Strmšek, Margie Menčak in Matt Mejač. (gl. foto zgoraj) Igralci in gledalci so proslavili zmago z likofom.
Po vsem tem so igrali še odbojko in zvečer organizirali imenitne “fireworks” pri jezeru.
Že ta dan so sporočili, da bodo še pred misijonskim piknikom prebarvali vsa poslopja: dvorano, kuhinjo, paviljon, klopi in mize. In res je bilo vse narejeno in Park počiščen. Zahvala gre predvsem gospodarju Janezu Mejaču, Craigu Frohna in Joškotu Orniku in njihovim pomočnikom.
Misijonski piknik je navadno od vseh najbolj obiskan. Tako tudi letos. Vreme je bilo lepo in, ker Je to dobrodelna prireditev, je res prišlo veliko ljudi, ki jih vidimo samo enkrat na leto. Kot vedno je tudi letos daroval sv. mašo naš duhovni vodja, dr. Gole. Pred mašo mu je Frank Menčak v imenu društva Triglava čestital k njegovi biserni maši in mu želel zdravja in vsega dobrega. Dr. Gole prihaja med nas že vsa ta dolga leta in smo mu hvaležni za vse sv. maše, ki jih je daroval za nas, in za vse lepe pridige, ki jih je res vredno poslušati.
	ED MEJAČ
	Vodja Radijske Družine
Pesmi "^7 ,.. in Melodij e	WCSB 89.3 FM Nedelja 9-10 am Sreda 6-7 pm
iz Naše Lepe Slovenj j e	2405 Somrack Drive
Radijska Družim Cleveland	Willoughby Hills, OH 44004 440-953-1709 tel/fax
*	web: www.wcsb.org
Mala Becky, oblečena v narodni noši, mu je poklonila šopek nageljnov.
To pot nam je dr. Gole v pridigi, tako kot zna samo on, pojasnil, zakaj in kako so skozi čas nastali vsi meniški rodovi - vsi z enim samim ciljem: “...pojdite in učite vse narode...”
Po maši smo se pogovarjali med seboj, kako zanimiva je bila ta pridiga, saj marsičesa nismo še nikoli preje slišali. Dr. Gole, hvala Vam!
Sledilo je kosilo, za njim srečolov in razne igre. Ljudje so uživali lepo popoldne. Za razvedrilo je bila glasba in nekaj starejših parov se je tudi zavrtelo. Brez balinanja v Parku seveda ne gre. Ne samo igralcev, tudi gledalcev ni manjkalo.
Za vse opravljeno delo in lep uspeh gre zahvala vsem, ki so delali. Vsem res srčna hvala.
Naš prihodnji piknik bo to nedeljo, 17. avgusta. Ta dan bo slovenska mihvauška organizacija USPH, ki povezuje veliko malih okoliških društev, praznovala 25-letnico obstoja, to v našem Parku, obenem.z našim rednim Triglavskim piknikom.
Za SKD Triglav - MK
DSPB vabi na	(31. avgusta)
Spominsko romanje
CLEVELAND, O. - Romanja so naša starodavna tradicija. Še od nekdaj so naši verni slovenski rojaki romali na razna božja pota širom Slovenije in sveta, da si utrdijo vero, naberejo milosti in moči za življenje, ki je bilo pogosto borba za preživetje.
Iz otroških let se dobro spominjam, ko nam je mama pripovedovala, kako so pred prvo svetovno vojno v Avstro-Ogr-ski monarhiji romali na razne Marijine božje poti, kot so še danes Brezje, Višarje, Gospa Sveta idr.
V	tistih časih so bila romanja velika žrtev. Potovanje je blio največ pešačenje in polno odpovedi. Bolj srečni so potovali z vozovi, ker v tistih časih ni bilo razen želežni-ce drugih hitrih prometnih sredstev.
Romanja so trajala tudi do pet ali več dni. Preživljali so se z domačim kruhom, sadjem in vodo. Prenočevali so pri dobrih ljudeh pod kozolci ali senikih, pa tudi pod milim nebom. Hodili so v malih skupinah in večino časa v molitvi in premišljevanju.
V	tistih časih je bil naš slovenski narod globoko veren in to je bil vzrok, da je preživel vse zunanje pritiske, stiske in preizkušnje, in to v trdni veri v večnega Očeta, Sina in Sv. Duha ter v zaupanju materi Mariji.
Še vedno se spominjam mojega prvega romanja, ko sem kot petleten otrok z mojo mamo romal k
božjepotni cerkvi Marije Vnebovzete v Novi Štifti na Dolenjskem. Bilo je dve uri hoda v vsako stran, kar je bilo zelo zahtevno za moja leta.
Dobro se spominjam svetih stopnic, ki so bile na zunanji steni cerkve. Bilo jih je med 20 do 30 in po njih so se romarji po kolenih pomikali navzgor. Stopnice so se končale v cerkvi za glavnim oltarjem. Obisk teh stopnic je bil ob romarskih dnevih zelo številen.
DSPB lepo vabi rojake na spominsko romanje, ki se bo vršilo 31. avgusta v romarsko svetišče k Žalostni Materi božji v Frank, Ohio. To je tradicionalno romanje, ki se vrši že skoraj 40 let. To je spominsko romanje, ko se bomo še prav posebej spomnili prvih masovnih komunističnih pokolov vernih slovenskih rojakov, ki so imeli edini greh, da so odklanjali brezbožni in nečloveški komunizem.
Odhod avtobusa bo ob 8. uri zjutraj od Slovenskega doma na Holmes Avenue. Tam imate tudi prostor za parkiranje avtomobilov. Druga postaja bo Sheliga Drug trgovina na E. 60 in St. Clair Avenue. Cena romanja je $15, v romarskih prostorih bo poskrbljeno za hrano.
Za prijavo in več informacij: V. Tominec (216-531-2728); A. Oblak (216-481-9150); F. Šega (440-944-0020).
Lepo vabljeni! F.Š.
NOVICE fare sv. Vida
CLEVELAND, O. - Sklad ustanove Josepha in Antonije Mihevc je letos odobril 166 prošenj študentov iz župnije sv. Vida, ki bodo v šolskem letu 2003-04 obiskovali zasebne osnovne šole, gimnazije in štiriletne univerze. Štipendije znašajo od $400 do $5000. Razdeljujejo se po načelih rajnega dobrotnika Ed-warda L. Mihevca st., ustanovitelja tega sklada (leta 1989 v spomin na svoje starše), ki je želel, da podporo dobijo revnejši dijaki, da lahko obiskujejo (posebno) katoliške vzgojnoizobraže-valne zavode.
Obenem ustanova želi podpreti nadarjene študente. Podpore in štipendije iz Mihevčeve ustanove letos znašajo skoraj $237.000.
Dalje, v oporoki rajnega dr. Johna Neilsena je bila župnija sv. Vida imenovana za upraviteljica podeljevanja štipendij za študente, ki obiskujejo univerzitetni študij. Za šolsko leto 2003-04 je odobrenih 42 štipendij, razdeljenih bo skoraj $23.600. Čestitamo in želimo, da bi bili še naprej tako dobri.
Tekst posredoval: Stane Kuhar
Z AMERIŠKO DOMOVINO S TE VEDNO NA TEKOČEM
V blag spomin
Ob 23. obletnici smrti našega dragega ata in starega ata
ALOJZIJ RUS
Umrl je 14. avgusta 1980.
V božjem miru zdaj počivaj, dragi, nepozabni nam; v nebesih večno srečo uživaj, do svidenja na vekomaj.
Žalujoči:
Francka, Marja, Ivanka, Tončka - hčere z družinami;
France, Ivan, Stanley, Joseph, Tony - sinovi z družinami.
Willoughby Hills, O., 14. avg. 2003-
Rev. dr. Jože Gole, biseromašnik
Dr. JOŽE GOLE slikan skupaj z Becky Kaye in sicer 27. julija na dnevu Misijonskega piknika v Triglavskem parku v Milwaukeeju (gl. dopis na str. 10)
WICHITA, Kansas - Četr-tega julija, ob štirih zju-traj, je č.g. Jože Gole, čisto sam s svojim Gospodarjem, praznoval s sv. mašo svoj biseromašni jubilej. Duhovnik 60 let. Le on in njegov ideal Jezus, kot gost in daritvena žrtev.
21. septembra 1916 je Prijokal na svet biseromašnik, osmi od devetih otrok, v mali vasici Podgorica, zraven Dobrniča na Dolenjskem. Imeli so Prav malo kmetijo, zato je moral oče služiti kruh kot tesar. Radi poklica Je bil mnogo zdoma in mati je morala sama doma skrbeti za devet otrok.
Kdo bo mogel razumeti te slovenske matere? Kako so to zmogle?
In mati je vsak dan zbrala vse otroke in so zvečer na kolenih okrog družinske mize molili sv. rožni venec, povrhu pa šo cel kup očenašev za vse dušne in telesne potrebe. Zadnji je bil vedno sv. Florijan. V molitvi Je mati dobila svoje moči.
Prvo univerzo - tako g- Gole imenuje ljudsko šolo - je opravil v Dobrniču. Pet let se je tam š°lal, m ker je pokazal izredno nadarjenost ga je ^npnik poslal na gimna-2ljo v Škofove zavode.
je študiral osem let, Vedno odličnjak in tudi Maturo naredil z odliko.
Ker so ga zanimali kla-sični jeziki, grško in la-iinsko, se je vpisal na filozofsko fakulteto ljubljanske univerze. Povrhu
Jo vzel še francoski
jezik.
Vsa ta leta pa je g. d°že globoko doli čutil,
ga Gospod kliče kot delavec v svoj vinograd. n z vsem tem znanjem
Jo odločil za duhovnici poklic. Vstopil je v Semenišče in obiskoval eološko fakulteto. Vse iz-Ifiie. vseh pet let, je na-reciil z odliko, j V semeniških letih, po-e§ resnega študija, se je ^ Jože posebno odliko-
Pri karitativnem delu. ačni ljudje po vsej Lju-stl 1 80 bili njegovi go-, e' Vsak četrtek je vzel 7°vko kruha, ki smo Pri^ *ernenaiarji pritrgali j. °bedu, revnim druži-Koliko veselja je
pripravil tem lačnim us-tam.
Ob počitnicah pa je bil glavni kuhar na otroških kolonijah na Zabre-ški planini v Finžgarjev! koči. To so bili najlepši dnevi Jožetovega življenja.
Po končanem semeni-škem študiju je bil g. Jože ordiniran dne 4. julija 1943 v Ljubljanski stolnici. Novo mašo bi moral imeti v domači fari, kjer je bilo vse pripravljeno v cerkvi, kot tudi za gostijo po maši.
Pa Gospod je odločil drugače. Ponoči je prišla v Ljubljano neka gosta -njegova dobra znanka -z žalostno vestjo, da pod nobenim pogojem ne sme domov. Komunisti ga čakajo, da ga bodo ubili.
G. Jože je ubogal in opravil sv. mašo pri sv. Petru v Ljubljani. Komunisti so pa doma divjali, ker ga niso dobili v roke. Njegova sestra Ančka je imela pripravljeno krasno belo obleko, v kateri naj bi podarila bratu Jožetu novomašni križ. Tega ni mogla storiti.
Sestra. Ančka je imela zelo tragično smrt. Ubila jo je granata na polju pred domačo hišo. In v beli obleki, ki je bila pripravljena za novomašno slavje, je ležala v mrtvaški krsti in bila položena v grob. Joj, koliko grenkega pelina se skriva za temi besedami.
Po novi maši je g. Jože vodil karitativno pisarno, kjer so v glavnem pomagali beguncem z Gorenjske in Štajerske.
Konec vojne je g. Jože doživel v Ljubljani. Četrtega in petega maja 1945 je bila strahovita panika v Ljubljani. Partizani pred vrati. Kam iti, kje se skriti. Čisto po naključju
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je g. Jože dobil na banovini tovorni avto, s katerim so se odpeljali vsi uredniki in delavci Slovenskega Doma in g. Jože je šel z njimi.
Petega maja, pet minut čez peto uro, je avto odpeljal iz dvorišča banske palače. 21 jih je bilo na njem. Vozili so preko meje. Beljaka naravnost v Millstatt. Tamkajšnja kinodvorana je bila zanje prvi “hotel”.
Drugi dan je g. Jože šel z g. Ivanom Lavrihom v župnišče in dobil g. župnika, ki jima je dal v župnišču posteljo na razpolago. Ostali so pa dobili prostor v farni dvorani. Toda, kaj hočemo tukaj? Ni hrane, ni dela, samo revščina.
8. julija je prišel odlok, da morajo vsi begunci takoj v skupni lager v Špittal. Ker so za nas vedeli, je že drugi dan prišel poseben tovorni avto in vse odpeljal v taborišče. Edino jaz sem se skril v gozdu nad Mill-stattom.
G. Jože se je naravnost čudežno rešil iz taborišča s pomočjo angleškega vojnega kurata in prišel nazaj v Millstatt. Videla sva, da tam ne moreva ostati.
G. Jože se je odločil za študij, jaz pa za kaplana v Škocjanu na Koroškem. G. Jože se je bal, da bi ga policija kje dobila kot begunca, zato je odšel z Millstatta peš v Graz. Hodil je enajst dni po samih gozdovih in stranskih poteh, nikdar po cesti.
Vse kar je imel s seboj je bila malo prepečenca v aktovki. S tem se je hranil enajst dni, vodo je pa pil iz potokov. Pri ljudeh se je bal oglasiti.
V	Graz je prišel popolnoma uničen, samo kost in koža. Dobre sestre pri Maria Trost so ga spravile malo k življenju in pri njih je ostal kot kaplan ve čas svojega študija.
V	Grazu se je g. Jože vpisal na univerzo in vse študije je končal v treh letih. Doktoriral je iz dogmatike, sv. pisma in cerkvenega prava dne 15. junija 1948 na zelo slo-, vesni doktorski promociji.
Poleg teoloških študijev se je g. Jože izpopolnjeval v francoščini, nemščini, italijanščini, angleščini, grščini, latinščini, hebrejščini in arabščini.
Z vsem tem znanjem je g. Jože prišel v Ameriko januarja 1950. V tistih časih so imeli Sacred Heart Fathers svoje semenišče v Hales Corners, zraven Milwaukee-ja. Tam je g. Jože začel svoje profesorsko delo. Sedaj se to spada k Marquette univerzi oz. njeni School of Theology.
V času svojega bivanja tam, do upokojitve, je g. Jože predaval vse teološke vede: logiko, zgodovino, filozofijo, arheologijo. uvod v sv. pismo, nova zaveza, poleg dogmatike, moralke in kanonskega prava.
Poleg tega je bil g. Jože glavni prevajalec iz vse sorte dokumentov, v vseh jezikih. Bil je znan po vsej univerzi kot naj-večji jezikoslovec. Vsa ta leta je g. Jože stanoval v čisto mali sobici, v vsej
Joseph L. FORTUNA
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skromnosti, med svojimi otroci, na tisoče knjig.
Ves svoj prosti čas pa je g. Jože porabil za obiskovanje bolnikov po bolnicah in domovih za ostarele. Mnogim je stal ob smrtni postelji in mnoge je tolažil ob smrti umrlih svojcev. Postal je vsem vse, kakor Kristus naroča.
Veliko veselja je imel tudi z zapoznelimi poklici. Semenišče v Hales Corners je bilo znano po vsej Ameriki za take poklice. Tako so tam vzeli zdravnike, advokate, inženirje vseh sort, učitelje vseh sort, mehanike, vsi poklici so bili zastopani. In g. Jože je bil njihov mentor in jim dajal posebne, osebne inštrukcije v vseh predmetih, kjer so rabili pomoč. To je, bilo njegovo veselje.
Kako suhi so vsi ti podatki in datumi. Toda, koliko življenja, koliko resnega dela in študija, koliko vztrajnosti in koliko ponižanj in lakote se skriva za vsem tem, to vesta samo. Bog in g. Jože.
Vsa ta leta so iz g. Jožeta naredila pravega asketa. Štiri kreposti so posebno vidne na njem in vse začenjajo s “po": ponižnost, pobožnost, potrpežljivost in pomoč bližnjemu.
(dalje na str. 12)
Rev. dr. Jože Gole
(NADALJEVANJE s str. 11)
Peter Vodopivec, zgodovinar
Knjižna ocena
Woodrow Wilson, samoodločba, ZDA in Slovenci
Uroš Lipušček
Ave Wilson/ZDA in prekrajanje Slovenije v Versaillesu 1919-1920
Založba Sophia, Ljubljana 2003,
395 str., 4900 SIT (oz. US$23)
Peter Vodopivec
♦ ♦
Prva in druga svetovna vojna, padec berlinskega zidu ter polom komunističnih režimov so najvažnejši prelomni dogodki svetovne, evropske in slovenske zgodovine v 20. stoletju, piše Uroš Lipušček v uvodu v svojo knjigo in dodaja, da so imele pri oblikovanju evropskih odnosov v vseh teh obdobjih odločilno vlogo ZDA, ki so se ob koncu prve svetovne vojne prvič aktivno vključile v evropsko politiko in so ostale vse do danes “sestavni del evropske politične realnosti”.
Woodrow Wilson je bil tako prvi predsednik ZDA, ki je internacionaliziral "ameriške (v resnici pa seveda v 18. stoletju iz Evrope “prevzete” razsvetljenske) vrednote, in jih poskušal po prvi svetovni vojni uveljaviti v evropski politiki.
Idejo samoodločbe, za katero se je zavzemal v rousseaujevskem smislu suverene ljudske pravice do svobodne izbire demokratične oblasti, je sprva razumel v manj radikalni, reformni obliki - v konkretnem avstroogrskem primeru kot poziv k spoštovanju narodne volje, federalni preobrazbi monarhije in uveljavitvi narodnih avtonomij za ne-nemške in nemadžarske narode.
Šele jeseni leta 1918 je sprejel tudi dejstvo, da je Habsburška monarhija na smrtni postelji in samoodločba v Srednji Evropi ne bo le boj za demokracijo, temveč tudi nacionalno razmejitev in
♦ ♦
nove, po nacionalnem ključu začrtane državne meje.
Ameriški diplomati in ameriški zunanji minister James Baker, ki so poskušali leta 1991 - tik pred slovensko in hrvaško osamosvojitvijo - sprte južnoslovanske politike še zadnjič prepričati, da morajo jugoslovansko federacijo demokratizirati in ne razbijati, so bili torej v šele prvi Wilsonovi fazi. Za drugo pa so v Washingtonu konec 20. stoletja, ko je šlo za Jugoslavijo, potrebovali precej več časa kot Woodrow Wilson na začetku stoletja v primeru Avstroogr-ske.
Lipuščkova knjiga je v več pogledih povsem nov prispevek k poznavanju novejše slovenske zgodovine. Slovenski zgodovinarji so se doslej, ko so raziskovali in obravnavali pomembne zgodovinske dogodke, zvečine ukvarjali z vprašanjem, kako smo jih doživljali Slovenci, in morda še kako so naši sosedje presojali in razumeli slovenske želje in ambicije.
Mnogo manj in bolj redko pa so posvečali pozornost vprašanju, kako so videli in doživljali razmere v državah, v katerih smo živeli, drugod v Evropi in v ZDA, koliko in kako so razumeli slovenske politične težnje in prizadevanja, kakšni so bili geostrateški premisleki velikih držav in kaj je slovenski prostor pomenil v njihovih diplomatskih načrtih.
Lipušček je na slovensko in južnoslovansko politiko v letih 1918— 1920 pogledal z drugega zornega kota, skozi ameriška diplomatska gradiva in oči ameriških politikov. V tem zrcalu je lahko že prve nastope slovenske diplomacije na svetovnem odru - tj. na mirovni konferenci v Parizu leta 1919 - zagledal bistveno bolj razločno kot dosedanji raziskovalci.
Po Lipuščku in ameriških diplomatskih dokumentih je bila slovenska politika leta 1918—1919 še bolj nespretna, kot smo ugotavljali doslej, saj je - resda v stiski zaradi pomanjkanja primernih strokovnjakov - vodstvo slovenskega zastopstva v Versaillesu prepustila sicer strokovno podkovanemu, vendar z ministrskim stolčkom v avstrijski vladi kompromitiranemu dr. Ivanu Žolgerju.
To je že pred začetkom mirovnih pogajanj povzročalo posmeh in proteste pri nasprotnikih ter zadrego in negodovanje pri (ne posebno številnih) “prijateljih”. Avtor knjige sicer opozarja, da je bilo med slovenskimi zastopniki na mirovni konferenci tudi nekaj zelo dobrih pogajalcev (npr. Bo-gumil Vošnjak in Ivan Švegelj, ki se je, ko je bil še Nemec, imenoval Johann Schwegel), toda slovenski politiki so v letih 1918—1920 šele spoznavali pomen lobiranja, medtem ko so si Čehi in Poljaki teren za pogajanja spretno in uspešno pripravili že v času vojne.
In še bolj usodno: slovenska politika je sprva precej naivno verjela v podporo antante, zlasti Francije in ZDA, ter dobesedno - ne v razsvetljenskem, temveč enostransko v nacionalnem smislu - razumela geslo o samoodločitvi. Ko je začela spoznavati, da so pojmovanja samoodločbe različna in v diplomaciji
(dalje na str. 16)
Kljub njegovi visoki izobrazbi se je vedno delal za zadnjega, za neopaznega, ponižen do kraja. Vem, da jih bom pošteno slišal, ker sem tole o njem napisal.
Pobožnost:	Vsak dan
ob štirih zjutraj mašuje, ko sam se razgovarja z Gospodom, ko skupaj o-pravljata sveto daritev. Rožni venec je njegov najboljši prijatelj, tam se srečuje z Marijo, svojo materjo. Vsak dan posveti precej časa molitvi, pogovoru z Bogom. Pobožnost ne obeša na veliki zvon, to je njegova privatna zadeva.
Pomoč bližnjemu: Vsi misijonarji po svetu poznajo radodarnost g. Jožeta, saj vsem pomaga, v Afriki in Aziji in posebno Rusiji, kamor je namenil svojo bogato knjižnico. Tam bodo namreč jezuit-je odprli svoje semenišče in g. Jože jih bo založil s teološkimi knjigami.
Reven je prišel na svet v mali vasici v Dobrniču in reven hoče oditi v nov svet, kjer bo užival božje bogastvo. Vse za druge, revne in onemogle. Kaj ni nekaj takega delal tudi Kristus?
Potrpežljivost:	Bog ga
je vse življenje obiskoval z najrazličnejšimi in hudimi boleznimi, ki ga še vedno nadlegujejo. Pa g. Jože nikdar ne toži, nikdar ne obupuje, samo trpi in sam to gleda, da ne bi komu delal kaj sitnosti. Tudi potrpežljivost je Kristus učil.
Pri vsem svojem strokovnem in karitativnem
delu g. Jože ni nikdar pozabil slovenske skupnosti v Milwaukeeju. 44 let, (da, 44 let!) jim je vsako nedeljo maševal in slovensko pridigal. 28 let jim je vedno maševal in pridigal ob vsaki slovesnosti v Triglavskem parku, slovenski pristavi.
Bil je zelo delaven pri Kolumbovih vitezih in bil njihov kaplan. Povrhu pa še skavti, njegovi najljubši prijatelji, ki so ga vedno spominjali na Za-breško planino.
In po vsem tem pestrem življenju, v katerem se je g. Jože popolnoma razdal drugim, je čisto sam s svojim Gospodom praznoval 4. julija svoj biserni jubilej mašništva.
G. Jože, prisrčne čestitke in dobri Bog naj te tudi v bodoče blagoslavlja in Marija naj stoji ob Tebi.
Tvoj prijatelj
Ivan Lavrih
Vročinski rekord
Ljubljana - Po podatkih meterologov sta bila 4. avgusta dosežena vročinska rekorda: v Ljubljani je bil 34. dan v letu, ko so namerili 30 in več stopinj Celjija (se pravi, najmanj 86 F). 9. avgusta jih je bilo že 39, doslej je bilo rekordno leto 1998 s 33 vročimi dnevi.
V Novi Gorici pa so po letu 1998 spet name-ili 37,5 stopinj Celzija (oz. kakih 100 F).
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TORONTO, Ont. - Glavni odbor KSK je na zadnji seji pred poletnimi počitnicami pregledal polletno opravljeno delo in ugotovi. da so bili vsi predlo-0- sprejeti na letnem občnem zboru, tudi uresničeni.
Nabirka v pomoč vračajočim slovenskim roja-^°ni iz Argentine je do *0. julija dosegla kar za-vidljiv uspeh in nabrana vstoa $14,025 je bila odposlana v začetku avgu-sta v Slovenijo in sicer Predsedniku Rafaelove družbe č.g. Janezu Ri-harju, ki bo sporazumno s KSK komisijo razdelil Podporo potrebnim po-Vratnikom v Slovenijo. NaJ omenimo tudi dej-stv°. da bo del poslane nabirke poslan tudi ne-katerim rojakom v Bue-n°s Aires, predvsem števni družini v Mendozi.
Nabirka je tudi pokala izredno darežljivost naših rojakov v Britanski Kolumbiji, ki so dosedaj Obrali skoraj $8000. Tu zahvala našemu pridruženemu članu odbora Ivotu Bergantu iz Vancouvra, in seveda tu-d* našima duhovnikoma V' Batiču in C Čargi, ki ob svojih obiskih pri-P°ročala pomoč rojakom V aUki.
Nabirka za vračajoče °iake bo trajala do kon-
septembra. lahk0 "Slov,
P
pdPd" pri Hranilnici in 0s°jilnici Slovenija.
KSK je na seji razpra-. ^ o dogajanju v Sve-ern slovenskem kon-
Vsakdo nakaže svoje dar 'enian Benevolent
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Odbor KSK si je zadal program za nadaljnje delo in sicer ureditev kongresnega arhiva, ki je postal zelo obširen, in predstavitev knjige dr. J. Vintarja “Od Lipe v Maple Leaf’.
Pomoč argentinskim rojakom: seznam
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Dr. Srečko Pregelj $1000 Frank Rihar	100
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Marija, Janko Čatež	1000
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Marija Dejak	50
Dr. Stane Bah	100
Valentin Pregelj	50
M. Suhadolc	. 100
Karel Volcanek	200
Joseph Pust	100
J. Sersek	200
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Ga. Helena Golob 200 Gizela Hauser	50
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S. Zadel	250
Jožica Vegelj	100
Josephine, Paul Novak 200 Ann, Joseph Ročnik 200 Angelca, Ivan Zakrajšek 50 Mara, Frank Osredkar 100 Rev. Tone Zrnec	100
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Rane, ki se ne pozabijo
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KSK je poslal na zase-(j svoje predloge gle-^ Prihodnjega dela in Uradnem poročilu iz ^ e^anJa ugotavljamo, u S° bili sprejeti trije ^Jdi predlogi:
~ novi odbor SSK ^ 0ra soočiti z vprašanj*11 Vračanja slovenskih ak°v iz Argentine;
^ ~ uresničenje statu-°Vencev brez slovenja državljanstva;
Ulk ' obnovitev delov-
konferenc.
^ Je tudi poslal dve Ena je šla Vi U 5a Slovence v za-ln PO svetu, dru-^redsedniku Državne-
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V času nemškega napada na Jugoslavijo je bil študent. Vzgojen je bil v nacionalistično usmerjeni družini, zaradi česar mu je bil izraz Osvobodilna fronta tuj, predvsem pa je nasprotoval kakršnim koli likvidacijam posameznikov s strani Vosa. Januarja 1942 se je srečal z nekaterimi ljudmi, ki so precej odkrito govorili o ciljih revolucije, zaradi česar je poiskal zvezo s slovensko nacionalno ilegalo, to je z gibanjem generala Draže Mihailoviča, ki je bil kot vojni minister takratne Jugoslavije tudi vrhovni komandant Jugoslovanske vojske v domovini (JVvD). V pogovoru za naš tednik (tj. Demokracija z dne 8. maja 2003, op. ur. AD) nam je razkril svoja medvojna in povojna leta. V ZDA je ostal zvest slovenstvu, bil je aktiven v slovenskih oddajah tamkajšnjega radia, po osamosvojitvi Slovenije pa je štiri leta vodil sekcijo za Slovence pri radiu Glas Amerike.
Frank Smole
11. avgust 2000
Tri leta so minula, od kar te več med nami ni. Naše misli so pri tebi, ker uživaš srečo ti.
Počivaj v miru.
Žena, Ivanka
Hčerka, Marie in mož David ter sinova Matevž in Samuel Sin, Frank ml. in žena Kathy ter sinova Andrew in Nathan
O ♦
Gospod Borštnik, naj najprej začneva s temo, ki vam je zelo blizu -to je dogajanje med 2. svetovno vojno. V zvezi s tem ste pred leti napisali knjigo z naslovom Pozabljena zgodba slovenske nacionalne ilegale. Kaj vas je vodilo k temu?
V času nemškega napada na Jugoslavijo sem bil študent. Ko smo jeseni leta 1941 prišli nazaj v šole, se je veliko govorilo o Osvobodilni fronti. Mene je motil termin “fronta", ki je bil takrat popolnoma neznan in je zvenel tuje.
Nekateri vrstniki so mi priporočali, naj sodelujem z OF. Še isto leto sem pri nekem nagovoru na Trgovski akademiji, kjer sem študiral, spoznal, kaj imajo v mislih, saj mi je neki vrstnik začel govoriti o likvidacijah, ki naj bi bile potrebne.
To seveda zame ni bilo sprejemljivo, saj sem izviral iz družine, ki je bila nacionalistično usmerjena in je imela dota-kratno ureditev v Jugoslaviji za dokončno.
Januarja 1942 so me Italijani zaprli in sem bil mesec in pol v šempetr-ski vojašnici, kjer sem se srečal z nekaterimi ljudmi, ki so precej odkrito govorili o ciljih revolucije.
Ko sem prišel nazaj, sem prelomil z OF in našel zvezo s slovensko nacionalno ilegalo, to pomeni z gibanjem generala Draže Mihailoviča, ki je bil kot vojni minister ta-
o
kratne Jugoslavije tudi vrhovni komandant JVvD.
Verjetno vas je pri pisanju knjige vodilo predvsem to, da ste bili pripadnik slovenske nacionalne ilegale?
Seveda. Leta 1943 mi je oče dejal, da bom šel skupaj z drugimi ilegalci v Grčarice na Dolenjskem - tam je bila stacionirana vojska (odred JVvD), vendar me mama tisti dan, ko bi moral zjutraj oditi, ni zbudila in tako sem zamudil vlak za Kočevje in ostal doma.
Slovensko nacionalno ilegalo ločimo na prvo in drugo. Kakšen je njim pomen glede na to, da nista bili preveč množični?
Prva ilegala je bila zelo maloštevilčna, saj je bilo na začetku samo 17 fantov pripravljenih, da odidejo na teren. Obljubili so jim sicer, da se jim bo na Dolenjskem pridružilo še okoli sto fantov, vendar iz tega ni bilo nič.
Pri tem se je spet po kazal stari “greh” - ločevanje med liberalci in klerikalci. Po nekaterih virih lahko sklepamo, da je del duhovščine kmečkim fantom odsvetoval, da bi šli v nacionalno ilegalo (JVvD).
Zato je prišlo poleti 1942 do delitve znotraj nje. En del se je odločil za legalizacijo, dosegel nekakšen sporazum z Italijani in se potem formiral v Legijo smrti. Drugi del pa je deloval kot JVvD;
to je tisti odred, ki se je septembra 1943 znašel v Grčaricah in katerega so - neposredno po kapitulaciji Italije - uničili partizani s pomočjo italijanskega topništva!
Verjetno je nesporno, da so partizanske čete uničile pripadnike JVvD zato, ker niso trpele konkurence oziroma nekoga, ki se je poskušal zunaj okvira OF bojevati proti okupatorju? Točno.
Tako imenovana druga nacionalna ilegala pa je zaživela po katastrofi v Grčaricah.
Druga ilegala je zaživela spomladi 1944 in v to sem bil vključen tudi sam. Do takrat je bil šolski pouk nemoten. Maja meseca tega leta pa so oblasti izdale odredbo, po kateri so morali posamični letniki predčasno končati šolsko leto in se potem odločiti, ali se bodo pridružili domobrancem ali nemški delovni službi (TODT).
Za nas, člane VDvD, pa je bilo sklenjeno, da bi se z nekakšnimi polle-galnimi dokumenti prebili iz Ljubljane v Postojno, kjer naj bi počakali, da bi se razmere v Ljubljani uredile.
To se je zgodilo, vendar me oče ni pustil v Ljubljano, ker se je bal, da me bodo ob kontroli v Ljubljani pri izhodu zgrabili in poslali v Dachau.
Tako sem za mesec in pol odšel v domobrance in na ljubljanskem gradu opravil tečaj za -signaliste. Potem so me poslali v postojanko na Koreno nad Horjulom.
Od tam sem sporočil, naj me pridejo iskat, in sredi julija 1944 sem odšel v Notranjski odred druge nacionalne ilegale.
V preteklosti se Je govorilo, naj bi bili slovenski četniki ameriške padalce izročali Nemcem. To naj bi bil storil prav odred, ki ste se mu takrat pridružili. Kako odgovarjate na o-čitke kolaboracije z o-kupatorjem?
Ta zadeva me osebno prizadeva, saj sem bil zelo blizu tega dogajanja, (dalje na str. 14)
Pavle Borštnik: Rane ki se ne pozabijo
(NADALJEVANJE s str. 13)
Ko sem prišel v odred, so bili v njem že trije letalci in na dan pred božičem so domobranci pripeljali še tri, ki so izskočili pri Rovtah. Na božični dan pa je cela posadka nekega ameriškega bombnika padla praktično na naše glave.
Celotna skupina se je zbrala v Notranjskem čet-niškem odredu. En dan po božiču so domobranci pripeljali še kapetana Brusha, ki je bil lovski pilot in so ga že 19. novembra 1944 sestrelili nad Ljubljano. Pri tem je bil zelo opečen in so ga rešili domobranci ter ga skrivaj pripeljali v Leoni-šče (stara ljubljanska po-rodišnica).
Dan po božiču so ga, preoblečenega v domobransko uniformo, pripeljali v naš odred. Prav on je nato prevzel poveljstvo nad tem zavezniškim
%
vodom, kot smo ga imenovali.
Nemci so vedeli, da je v hribih nad Višnjo Goro vsaj sedem ameriških letalcev, zaradi česar so 2. januarja 1945 ponoči začeli akcijo proti nam. Domobranci iz Šentvida so nas ponoči prek svojega kurirja obvestili, da gredo Nemci nad nas.
Umaknili smo se prek Troščina v Mateno - to je vas sredi Ljubljanskega barja - in tam smo bili štiri ali pet dni. Mislili smo, da bomo šli nazaj na Notranjsko, vendar smo se vrnili na Dolenjsko. Nekje pri Polici, morda pri Stari vasi, pa so naši komandanti sprejeli odločitev, da se bo odred razpršil, s čimer naj bi zmedli Nemce.
Tako smo se razbili. Hkrati pa je bil celoten zavezniški odred določen, da deluje kot samostojna
skupina. To je bilo trinajst ali štirinajst letalcev, Poljak, Rus in trije naši fantje za spremstvo. Vsaka skupina je dobila svojo smer gibanja in konec januarja naj bi se spet združili na določeni točki.
V noči na 21. januar 1945 je bila skupina letalcev v Selu pri Pancah, tam pa jih je zajela skupina Nemcev gestapovcev v belih smučarskih oblekah s psi, ki so jih zavohali. Skupina ni postavila nobene straže, ker so prišli v hišo okoli polnoči in so šli preprosto spat.
Ob treh zjutraj je zagrmelo. Nemci so vdrli v hišo in jih v trenutku zajeli. Z gestapovci je bil tudi Domžalčan nemškega rodu Lado Miller, ki je zajetim svetoval, naj se ne upirajo. Nemcev je bilo okoli 25 in takoj so jih s tovornjaki odpeljali v Ljubljano. To so dejstva.
Vendar še danes ni pojasnjeno, zakaj in kako se je to zgodilo.
Tu govorim popolnoma odkrito, pri čemer ne vem vsega, saj sem bil navaden vojak, ki ni o ničemer odločal. Obstajajo pa tri teorije: prva je ta, da so jih psi preprosto zavohali, kar se mi zdi še najverjetneje. Druga teorija je, da je nemška obveščevalna služba naši komandi postavila pogoj: ali nam jih izročite ali pa uničemo vašo vojsko. Tretja možnost pa je, da jih je Nemcem izdal Janez Marn (nekdanji partizanski komandant Črtomir, ki se je pridružil naši ilegali), ki se je udeležil posveta naše komande pri Polici, zato naj bi bil poznal smer gibanja skupine za-
vezniških letalcev z našim spremstvom. Marn naj bi bil za to dobil 50.000 nemških mark v zlatu.
Ta razlaga se je takrat zdela sprejemljiva. A kdor koli je imel toliko denarja v zlatu, je moral biti na visokem položaju in se je tudi zavedal, da je vojne praktično konec in da je čisto vseeno, če tistih 12 ali 13 Američanov preživelo vojno v hosti med nekakšnimi banditi ali pa v kakšnem taborišču nekje ob poljsko-ru-ski meji.
Še danes torej ni jasno, kako so jih Nemci našli in zajeli, saj so ljudje, ki bi o tem lahko kaj več vedeli - na primer general Prezelj, dr. Benedik, Janez Marn -danes mrtvi.
Ob koncu vojne leta 1945 ste imeli srečo, da ste bili med tistimi, ki so se umaknili v Italijo in ne na Koroško. Kako je potekal umik vaše enote v Italijo?
Malce smo se v Zaplane pri Vrhniki premaknili v Vipavsko dolino, kamor smo prispeli prvega aprila. V Vipavski dolini je bila cela truma srbskih četnikov in mi smo bili organizirani v prvo slovensko brigado JVvD.
Marna ni bilo z nami, ker je bil vedno precej samosvoj. K nam je poslal patruljo 14 ljudi, ki pa so že prvo noč v Vipavski dolini izginili in šli nato z Marnom na Koroško, kjer so doživeli usodo domobrancev.
Mi smo v Vipavski dolini ostali še cel mesec april. V tem času je bil v Trstu dosežen sporazum med komandanti različnih protikomunističnih skupin na slovenskih tleh:	slovenskih domo-
brancev, slovenskih četnikov, vlasovcev, srbskih četnikov vojvode Djuiča, srbskih četnikov vojvode Jevdeniča in Ljotičevih dobrovoljcev. Sporazumeli so se, da bodo vse njihove enote podrejene poveljstvu generala Prezlja.
Tako je Narodni odbor slovenske domobrance preimenoval v Slovensko narodno vojsko, poveje-val pa ji je Krener. Odločili so se, da se ne bodo umaknili v Italijo, ampak na Koroško.
Mi smo bili pri zaveznikih že prvega maja.
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Praznovala 100. rojstni dan
Čatež ob Savi - V Marijinem mesecu (4. maja) je praznovala stoti rojstni dan Antonija Komočar iz Velikih Malenc.
Rodila se je kot drugi otrok očetu Mihu in mami Mariji, rojeni Krošelj. Imela je sedem bratov in sestra, mama pa je vzela v rejo še dva druga otroka. Oče ji je zgodaj umrl zaradi hude bolezni, ki jo je staknil med prvo svetovno vojno na ruski fronti.
Otroci so se z mamo, ker niso imeli svojega posestva, preživljali tako, da so hodili v dnino k večjim kmetom. Ljudje so jih imeli radi, ker so bili zelo pridni, pošteni in zanesljivi. Mama je bila včasih zelo stroga do njih, vendar predvsem zaradi tega, da bi jih dobro pripravila na življenje.
V družini ni bilo gmotnih dobrin, je bilo pa zato toliko več duhovnih. Mama je otroke vzgajala v globoki veri in zaupanju v Boga in Marijo. Vsak večer so molili rožni venec. Duhovnike so zelo spoštovali. Zelo radi so obiskovali verouk v šoli in skupaj z učitelji hodili k šolskim mašam.
Mama jih je naučila veliko molitev, ki jih Tončka zna še na pamet in jih tudi vse moli. Ko se je ob misijonu eden izmed Tončkinih bratov upiral, da bi šel k spovedi, je toliko časa po kolenih drsala okrog ol-
Z mamo so otroci tudi radi romali na slovenske božje poti, v Zagorje, na Svete gore. Pozneje je Tončka obiskovala tudi tuja Marijina romarska središča. Kar šestkrat je bila v Lurdu.
Da je lahko romala, se je marsičemu odrekla, vendar ji to ni bilo težko narediti iz ljubezni do Marije. Ta ji je v Lurdu pri Bogu izprosila zdravja v hudi bolezni.
Tončka ima kljub stotim letom še vedno odličen spomin pa tudi kar zdrava je. Bogu in Marij' pa tudi dobrim ljudem je zelo hvaležna za v86 dobro v življenju. Velik0 tega je bilo, je močno pretehtalo vse tisto, kar je bilo hudega. Smrt pri' čakuje pripravljena, čaka božjega klica, saj po maminih besedah meni. da za smrt ni treba prositi, kajti Bog že ve, kdaj koga potrebuje pri sebi.
Mladim Tončka predvsem priporoča tisto, kar tako manjka v sodobnik slovenskih družinah: m° litev, češčenje Boga 111 Marije, spoštovanje očeta in matere, pridne r0^j vendar ne takšne, ki
za
skrbele predvsem gmotne dobrine, pozablja le pa na duhovne.
Tončki je v veliko ut® ho prejem obhajila, ki ga vsak teden prmeS domači župnik Jože ček, ter pogovore z njilT^
Rada pa tudi vzame ^ roke Družino, na kater
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Če prav vem, ste se	ni res! Ko smo koi'aka
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Res je. Obstaja poroči-	gasilci in Nemci, ki
lo, da so bili strašni boji	(DALJE na str. W
Pavle Borštnik: Rane, ki se ne pozabijo
(nadaljevanje s str. 13)
bili na gradu. Sam v Godci nisem videl nobenega slovenskega partizana.
Ko smo zapuščali Godce, smo vrgli v zrak zadnji železniški most, da partizani ne bi mogli za nami. Želeli smo namreč, da se prvi srečajo z Angleži in da jim razložimo, kdo smo.
Če hereto Tolstojevo knjigo, pisatelj opisuje ta dogodek in pravi, da so srečali “neke” vojake, ki M niso še nikoli videli
in to je bil tisti kritični trenutek. Bili smo v siarih jugoslovanskih uni-formah ali v ustrezno Predelanih italijanskih u-niformah - vsi pa smo bneli “šajkače” z belim °rlom.
Ko smo se srečali z Zvezniki, je z njimi go-v°ril general Prezelj v francoščini in jim dejal, da smo pripravljeni združb se z njimi v boju Proti Sovjetom. Angleži ^Pravzaprav so bili Novo-2elandci) so se samo sniejali: “Kakšna vojna s Sovjeti?”
Vendar jim je bilo u-kazano, da morajo vse Protitovske jugoslovanske enote razorožiti in poslati Indije v zaledje. In tako Stho od Gorice do Palma-n°ve korakali z razvitimi Stavami, godbo in orož-^eni na ramah.
V Visci smo orožje od-pri čemer smo prikovali, da bomo dobili krega. Imeli smo se za kdno jugoslovansko voj-Sk°, kralj je bil še vedno Jfrfrnan, zato smo priča-kovali, da gremo na Ta-®laniento, da bomo tam z4sedli novo slovensko kjo. Mislili smo, da bo-^ domobranci držali Lju-^Jano, dokler se zadeve e bodo razčistile ugodno * nas.
^endar se mi je zdelo ^0 čudno, ko mi je ne-Anglež dejal, da domo-j^kcev v Ljubljani ni. ^kednji dan pa sem v Q em časniku britanske armade zasledil čla-’ v katerem je pisalo, neka oklepna divi-' j0k razorožila celo divizi-v ^goslovanskih četnikov k^rovzhodni Italiji. sca	80 nas iz Vi-
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Dušan Lajovic in nam dejal, da so bili vsi domobranci vrnjeni in verjetno tudi pobiti. To je za nas pomenilo, da je vsega konec in naša vojska je začela postopoma razpadati.
Leta 1949 ste odšli v ZDA. Zakaj ste se odločili za odhod iz Evrope?
Treba se je vživeti v tisti čas. Leta 1949 je Evropo delila železna zavesa in vsi so se neznansko bedi Sovjetov, saj so se Angleži in Američani večinoma demobilizirali. Zato smo vsi želeli oditi iz Evrope, saj smo vedeli, kaj se dogaja na območjih, ki so jih zasedli Rusi.
Kot- vemo, je večina slovenskih političnih beguncev odšla v Argentino. Kako to, da vas ni zaneslo tja?
Prvi val je šel v Brazilijo in Venezuelo. To so bili tisti, ki so bili najbolj panični. Glede Argentine pa je res, da je bila zelo aktivna kampanja, da bi se vsi prijavili za to državo. Prijavljali smo se za Argentino in tudi dobili dovoljenje zanjo.
Ko je bila podpisana mirovna pogodba z Italijo, so morale vse zavezniške čete oditi. Takrat so nas Angleži premestili v britansko cono v Nemčiji. V Hanovru smo dobili dovoljenje argentinskega konzula za odhod v Argentino, ne pa vizumov; te bi lahko dobili samo v Rimu, kjer smo bili registrirani. Ker pa smo ravno prišli v Nemčijo, ni bilo možnosti, da bi šli nazaj v Italijo po vizume, zato z odhodom v Argentino ni bilo nič. Prek prijateljskih zvez sem nato prišel v ZDA.
Znašli ste se v precej drugačnem svetu. Kako ste se vživeli v ameriški način življenja?
Obstaja razlika med Slovenci, ki so prišli v Argentino, in tistimi, ki smo prišli v Cleveland. Ko smo prišli v Cleveland, je bilo tam slovensko življenje že organizirano. Tam so bili slovenski domovi, gostilne, župnije, slovenske organizacije.
V župniji sv. Vida, kjer se nas je nabrala večina, ni bilo treba zna-
Slovenija trdno na vrhu regije
Ljubljana - Največja bonitetna hiša na svetu Dun & Bradstreet je v julijskem poročilu izboljšala rating Slovenije, tako da je zdaj sama na vrhu regije, v avgustovskem poročilu pa ugotavlja, da je njen novi rating trden in ga ne ogroža nobena druga država v regiji.
Tokrat se ni spremenil rating nobeni državi v regiji. Madžarski, s katero si je Slovenija dolgo delila prvo mesto, kaže trend še vedno navzdol. Nekoliko skrb zbujajoče je tudi poročilo o Hrvaški, ki jo ogrožajo rastoči državni dolgovi.
V slovenskem poročilu so tokrat analizirali odnosi v vladajoči koaliciji, kjer je izstopala Slovenska ljudska stranka, ki pa je na julijskem srečanju vodij koalicijskih strank v celoti podprla vladni gospodarski program.
Ta med drugim predvideva prestrukturiranje javnih financ in znižanje stopnje inflacije. Vse makroekonomske napovedi so v tokratnem poročilu ostale nespremenjene.
STA
ti angleško, ker so bile vse trgovine in gostilne slovenske, medtem ko so se tisti, ki so prišli v Argentino, tam znašli v popolnoma tujem svetu. V Argentini so sicer že bili primorski Slovenci, ki so bežali pred fašizmom, vendar vsi iz političnih razlogov niso sodelovali.
Slovenci v Argentini so bili torej prepuščeni samim sebi, v Clevelandu pa smo se pridružili obstoječim slovenskem organizacijam, tako da se je življenje za nas veliko hitreje rffcrmaliziralo.
Imeli ste tudi svoje radijske oddaje. Kako je bilo s tem?
Od vsega začetka so bile v Clevelandu ob nedeljah tri slovenske radijske oddaje. V šestdesetih letih je skupina Američanov in priseljencev organizirala korporacijo, ki je kupila od radijske postaje WXEN-FM ves razpoložljiv radijski čas in ga razprodala posameznim narodnostnim skupinam.
Tako smo Slovenci dobili eno uro radijskega programa dnevno, poleg tega pa še po uro ob sobotah in nedeljah.
Sam sem poročal o novicah, ob nedeljah pa sem imel še politični komentar, ki je obravnaval dogodke bodisi v Sloveniji, bodisi v ZDA. To sem delal deset let, vse do 1. 1970, ko sem odšel na radio Glas Amerike.
Kot vemo, je imel radio Glas Amerike v času hladne vojne pomembno vlogo...
Ja, res je. Glas Amerike je bil v 70-ih letih zelo upoštevan in dobivali smo ogromno pisem poslušalcev. Vendar smo bili v zelo težkem položaju, ker je bila slovenska sekcija del jugoslovanske in razen prvega vodje so bili vsi kasnejši Srbi.
Zaradi tega je potekal nenehen boj za termine. Nam so dali termin v nočnem času, ker drugi niso imeli interesa zanj. Prihajalo je do absurdnih situacij. Ko je bila slavistična konferenca v Bostonu, so tja poslali srbsko novinarko. Udeležence je spraševala v srbščini, oni pa so odgovarjali v slovenščini. Zame osebno je bilo to ponižujoče.
Ko se je Slovenija osamosvojila, se je to čez noč spremenilo in tudi mi smo postali samostojna sekcija. V začetku sem jo vodil sam. V štiriletnem obdobju smo za svojo sekcijo dosegli več ugodnosti (tehničnih in drugih) kot prej v dvajsetih letih jugoslovanske sekcije.
Ste Slovenec, ki živi v ZDA. Kako vidite položaj Slovencev v ZDA in njihovo povezanost z matično domovino oziroma domovino njihovih prednikov?
V ZDA je še vedno treba ločiti stare in nove slovenske priseljence. Seveda ne gre več toliko za ideološke razlike kot za dejstvo, da stari naseljenci ne govorijo več slovensko, poznajo pa še slovensko kulturo.
Povojna emigracija pa še vedno govori slovensko, naši otroci že manj, naši vnuki pa so že pravi Američani in večinoma ne govorijo slovensko.
Stari naseljenci na splošno nimajo nobenih problemov. Sedaj rečemo "Mi lajkamo Slovenijo”, včasih pa so rekli “mi lajkamo Jugoslavijo”.
Povojna generacija pa ima težave z razmerjem do prejšnjega jugoslovanskega režima in današnjega režima v samostojni Sloveniji.
To so še vedno boleča vprašanja. Nekateri postavljajo vprašanja denaci-onalizacije, drugi vprašanja grobišč, kar bi se moralo končno že urediti. Nikomur praktično ni več do tega, da bi koga pripeljali pred sodišče, ampak je ljudem predvsem do tega, da bi takrat pobiti ljudje dobili krščansko spominsko znamenje in da bi se zadeva končala z ugotovitvijo, kakšne posledice je med Slovenci pustila komunistična revolucija.
Pred časom je prišla k meni neka stara gospa in mi dejala, da je rodila pet sinov, pa niti za enega ne ve, kje je pokopan. To so rane, ki jih ljudje ne morejo pozabiti in to bo šlo z njimi v grob.
Drugače pa v ZDA ni več nasprotij med starimi in novimi naseljenci, med tistimi torej, ki so prišli v ZDA pred drugo svetovno vojno, in tistimi, ki so tja prišli po njej. Prej je imel vsak svoje prireditve, sedaj pa, ko ljudi primanjkuje, se že mešamo med seboj.
Glavna dejavnost postajajo pevski zbori, za kar ni potrebno znanje slovenščine, saj se da pesmice naučiti na pamet; precej manj je gle-dalških iger, ker ni ljudi, ki bi jih gledali.
Kakšna je potem prihodnost Slovencev v ZDA?
Ni je. Nekaj se bo nekaj časa še ohranilo, prave slovenščine pa v dvajsetih, tridesetih letih ne bo več.
Poleg tega, da ste Slovenec, ste tudi Američan. Kako vidite posledice 11. septembra 2001?
To je bil naj večji pretres v zgodovini ZDA, še večje, kakor je bil Pearl Harbor leta 1941. Slednji se je zgodil v vojaškem oporišču tisoče kilometrov stran od ZDA, 11. september pa je bilo zadeto samo srce ZDA, New York in Washington.
Ko sta se zrušila dvojčka WTC, se je zrušil tudi ameriški občutek varnosti, kar vpliva na sedanje ameriško ravnanje in povečano skrb za varnost.	(KONEC)
Misijonska srečanja in pomenki
1489. Pretekli teden sem omenila članarino.
S to idejo nabiranja članarine je prišel naš prvi predsednik, pokojni Matt Tekavec. Vzel si je za vzor francoskega dekleta Paulino Jarico, katera je bila tako zavzeta za misijone, da je pričela pri svojih znancih in prijateljih nabirati vsak mesec malo vsoto, da je lahko pomagala misijonarjem. Iz tega je nastala “Družba za širjenje vere”, katera pod vodstvom svetega očeta zbira in pomaga misijonarjem pri njihovem delu; glavna nabirka je na Misijonski nedelji.
Malo na drug način smo mi pričeli z nabiranjem članarine. Prvotno smo določili $3 na leto, ker pa se je dar za sv. mašo dvignil iz $5 na $10, smo tudi mi dvignili na $5 letno. Iz tega je darovana vsak mesec sv. maša za žive in pokojne člane ter tudi za Misijonsko nedeljo. Vse svete in na Vernih duš dan. Vzdržujemo pa tudi dva bogoslovca iz tega sklada. Eden je v misijonski deželi, končuje svoje študije, in bo kmalu novomašnik; drugi je bil pa prejšnji teden predstavljen v tej rubriki v Ameriški Domovini.
Poleg članarine imamo še šparovček, kamor naberemo ob priliki sestanka, da imamo na roki, ko kdo zboli ali umrje bližnji sorodnik in prosimo za sv. mašo zanj. Tudi za umrle misijonarje darujemo za sv. mašo iz tega sklada. To gotovino tudi dodamo k članarini, saj je že več nabiralcev članarine odšlo po plačilo in se je znižala vsota v tej rubriki, da dogovorjeno lahko izpolnjujemo.
Sv. maša je velik božji dar in mislim, da je prav, da od časa do časa razložim to zadevo. Ob koncu leta to tudi pregleda ena od odbornic, da vidi, da zadeva teče v pravem smislu.
Če kateri bralec Ameriške Domovine hoče sodelovati pri članarini, to prav lahko naredi. V pismu to izrazi in doda za tekoče leto $5. Dobil bo kartico kot potrdilo. Vpisan bo in vključen med ostale člane pri sv. maši vsak mesec. Tudi vaše pokojne lahko vključite. Hvala vam že vnaprej!
Še nekaj darovalcev moram dodati: Š. Jarem (1. srečka $100 za P. Opeka) $100; V. Devine in J. Cozza vsak po $100 za s. Pavlišič; I. Hirschegger $70; Slovenska pristava $125; M.S. Grdadolnik (za bog. $100, za R.O.’ $60, za Rev. F. Urbanija v spomin +A. Nemec $50) $210; K. Drew $10; M. Celestina (za sv. mašo za +Louis Turk) $10; M.T. Lavriša (za Rev. D. Lisjaka v spomin +T. Nemec) $50.
Vsem dobrotnikom iskrena hvala!. Naj dobri Bog da svoj blagoslov vsem.
Prav lep misijonski pozdrav od vseh sodelujočih!
Marica Lavriša 1004 Dillewood Rd., Cleveland, OH 44119
Podpirajte naše oglaševalce - Tudi ti pomagajo našemu listu, da lahko še izhaja redno, ko jih je toliko že ugasnilo!
Misijonska Znamkarska Akcija (MZA) Catholic Mission Aid (CMA)
je javna, nepridobitna, dobrodelna misijonska organizacija. Ustanovil jo je Fr. Charles A. Wolbang, CM. Registrirana je v mestu Columbus, Ohio, ZDA.
Za pomoč slovenskim misijonarjem zbira finančno pomoč za njih delo med ubogimi v misijonskih deželah ter za vzdrževanje bogoslovcev za domači misijon. Hvaležni bomo za vsak dar, ki ga boste darovali v ta namen.
Spomnite se misijonarjev in ubogih v svojih oporokah. Za vse prejete darove izdamo potrdilo za “Income tax ’. Uradni naslov:
MZA - CMA
17826 Brian Ave., Cleveland, OH 44119
Glavni odbor MZA-CMA, Cleveland
Woodrow Wilson, samoodločba, ZDA in Slovenci
(nadaljevanje s str. 12)
interesi pomembnejši od načel, je bilo že prepozno.
V Lipuščkovem delu so najbolj zanimiva doslej neznana gradiva, ki govorijo o ameriških pogledih na reformo Avstroogrske ter ureditev južnoslovanskega in slovenskega prostora po prvi svetovni vojni.
Lipušček je na osnovi dokumentov posebne skupine ameriških strokovnjakov, imenovane Inquiry, razkril, da so ameriški svetovalci, ko so razmišljali o razničnih scenarijih državne organizacije južnoslovanskega o-zemlja, že leta 1918 predvideli tudi možnost nastanka samostojnih južno-slovanskih držav pod mednarodnim patronatom. Ob Srbiji s Črno goro in Hrvaški bi bila neodvisna država tudi Slovenija (po enem načrtu pa celo Makedonija).
Ameriški eksperti se seveda z mislijo o ustanovitvi samostojnih držav na južnoslovanskem ozemlju niso spogledovali zaradi načel o samoodločbi, temveč zato, ker so že pred nastankom Kraljevine SHS spoznali, da bo Jugoslavija - ob težko premostljivih nacionalnih, verskih in kulturnih razlikah in zapletenih odnosih med Srbi in Hrvati -skrajno nestabilno in problematična država.
Zamisel reševanja “jugoslovanskega vprašanja” z ustanovitvijo več manjših naconalnih držav, med drugim Slovenije, kot opozarja Lipušček, leta 1918 ni bila nova.
“Morebitno ustanovitev samostojne Slovenije" je namreč že leta 1915 o-menjal znameniti britanski zgodovinar Arnold Toynbee, ko je čfgotavljal, da bi lahko Slovenija s Trstom postala “del združenih južnoslovanskih držav ali pa neodvisna politična enota, katere porok bo Evropa”.
Toynbee sicer nad takšnim “scenarijem” ni bil posebej navdušen, saj je bil prepričan, da so “majhne države, ki ležijo na pomembnih gospodarskih in strateških točkah, preveč ranljive”. Vseeno je bila ideja o “samostoi-ni Sloveniji s Trstom aktualna še v času pri-
prav na mirovno konferenco, saj jo je tedaj kot možno rešitev tržaškega zapleta omenil še eden ameriških strokovnjakov.
Slovenski politiki o Toynbeejevih in ameriških razmišljanjih niso bili obveščeni in bi se jim, če bi pred ali med konferenco v Versaillesu zvedeli zanja, verjetno zdela povsem nerealna in fantastična.
Na slovenski strani so začeli o "samostojni Sloveniji s Trstom” razmišljati šele katoliški prvaki (L. Ehrlich, M. Krek, A. Kuhar) med drugo svetovno vojno, po drugi svetovni vojni pa nekdanji Stražarji okoli Cirila Že-bota, ki so anglo-ameri-ške zaveznike pozivali, naj Slovence s vojaškim posegom rešijo pred komunizmom.
Vendar vodstvo slovenske politične emigracije s škofom Rožmanom takšnih pobud tudi tedaj ni posebej cenilo, saj je menilo, da so “narodno škodljive in nesmiselne".
Razmišljanja o ustanovitvi več južnoslovanskih držav, med njimi Slovenije so bila leta 1918, kot kaže Lipuščkova knjiga, predvsem epizoda, saj jih Wilson in State Department nista resneje vzela v pretres.
Američani se že po prvi svetovni vojni niso bili pripravljeni bolj odločno angažirati v Srednji Evropi in na Balkanu, njihovo stališče, da se v razmere v tem delu Evrope ne kaže preveč zapletati, pa naj bi bila trajnica njihove politike vse do danes.
Vseeno so vprašanja o uresničevanju londonskega sporazuma in oblikovanju jugoslovanskih meja proti Italiji in Avstriji pred in med konferenco v Versaillesu povzročala ostra razhajanja v ameriškem vrhu. Wilson, ki je bil zvečine sprt z zunanjim ministrom Lansin-gom, je sprva odločno nasprotoval londonskemu sporazumu in nezmernim italijanskim ozemeljskim zahtevam.
Italijanom je zasedbo v londonskem sporazumu obljubljenega ozemlja v ameriškem imenu kar brez posvetovanja s predsednikom odobril najbližji
Wilsonov svetovalec polkovnik House, ki je Antonu Korošcu v isti sapi obljubljal, da bo o mejah sklepala šele mirovna konferenca.
Ameriški strokovnjaki so se razhajali tudi v ocenah razmer na Koroškem, kjer je Wilson kljub nasprotnim stališčem geografa Johnsona in zgodovinarja Kernerja pritegnil mnenju polkovniku Milesu, da je celovška kotlina geo-gospodar-
skega celota, ki je ne kaže deliti.
Wilson je tako popustil najprej Italijanom in nato še Avstrijcem, le da je v primeru Gorice zavrnil zamisel o plebiscitu, na Koroškem pa jo je sprejel.
Trk nove in stare diplomacije se je končal z zmago starih, nenačelnih j in pragmatičnih zahodnoevropskih politikov, Slovenci pa so imeli nekaj več možnosti na uspeh le pri koroškem plebisci-
tu, (vendar so na koncu tudi te zapravili).
Lipuščkova knjiga torej govori o težavnih začetkih slovenske diplomacije 1° pri tem opozarja, da m0" rajo dobri diplomati he le prepričljivo predstavlj3 ti svoje želje in zahteve-temveč natančno prisluh niti tudi stališčem in te^ njam tako zaveznikov kol nasprotnikov.
Hkrati podrobno obrav nava uveljavljanje novih-bolj demokratičnih nače v ameriški zunanji poliH ki med prvo svetovn0 vojno, t.j. v času, ko Je predsednik Wilson opu čal avtoritarno diplomUcl jo svojih predhodnik°v
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Lipušček je v te^ sklopu obširno Pri^ tudi nastajanja Wils011^ vih pogledov na sain0^ ločbo, tajno diplon13^ in londonski sP°raZU£jo orisal ameriški odno® Evrope, Srednje in Balkana ter ana^lZ^e ameriške geop0^
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Književni Vs DELO. 21. julij* 200