Hladnika J5-16: 23-41 (2003) 23 Analiza vegetacije na otoku Čiovu (Hrvatska) The Vegetation Analysis of the Island Čiovo (Croatia) Juraj Kamenfarin Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science University of Split, Teslina 12. HR-21000 Split Croatia, E-mail: iuiai.kameniarin@st.hinpt.hr zlnka Pavlet«5 Dunjevac 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia, E-mail: zinka.pavletic@zg.hinet.hr Sažetak: Fitocenološka analiza biljnog pokrova otoka Čiova kod Trogira u Republic! Hrvatskoj pokazala je da se na opožarenim i pašnjačkim površinama razvijaju kamenjarsko-pašnjačke zajed-nice - na južnim padmama otoka as. Brachypodio-Cymbopogonetum hirti, a na grebenu i sjevernoj padini as. Koelerio-Festucetum illyricae subas. brachypodietum retusi. Slijed sukcesije as. Brachypodio-Cymbopogonetum hirti, započinje razvojem stadija Junipentt phoemcea, stadija Ci.ms monspeliensis i stadija Cistus creticus, koji vrlo brzo prelaze u rnakiju as Pistacio-Junipereturn phoeniceae i as. Oleo-Juniperetum phoeniceae. Na južnoj padini i vršnom dijelu grebena sukcesija vrlo brzo teče dalje u smjeru šume alepskog bora as. Jumpero phoeniceae-Pinetum halepensis koja se dalje održava kao trajni stadij. Na sjevernoj padini i zapadnom dijelu otoka sukcesija teče u smjeru šuma alepskog bora as Pistacio-Pmetum halepensis i as. Querco ilicis-Pinetum halepensis. Sukcesija završava razvitkom klimazonalne šumske vegetacije as. Myrto-Quercetum ilicis na topli-jim položajima. Ključne riječi: suksesija vegetacije, otok Čiovo, Hrvatska Abstract: Phytocoenological analysis plant cover of island Čiovo near Trogir. Croatia shows that rocky-pasture associations have developed on the fire and pasture sites - on the southern slope of the island as. Brachypodio-Cymbopogonetum hirti and on the crest and northern slope as. Koelerio-Festucetum illyricae subas. brachypodietum retusi. The succession of as. Brachypodio-Cymbopogonetum hirti starts with the development of stage Jumperus phoemcea, then stage Cistus monspeliensis and stage Cistus creticus, which very quickly transformes into macchia of as. Pistacio-Juniperetum phoeniceae and as. Oleo-Juniperetum phoeniceae. On the southern slope and crest peak the succession expands very quicklv towards Aleppo pine forest ot as. Juniperophoeniceae-Pinetum halepensis which stays as a constant stage On the northern slope and on the western part of the island succession runs towards Aleppo pme forest of as. Ptstacto-Pinetum halepensis and as. Querco ilicis-Pinetum halepensis The succession finishes with the development of climazonal forest vegetation as Myrto-Quercetum ilicis on warmer sites. Keywords: succession vegetation, island Čiovo, Croatia I. Introduction Ciovo is an island situated in the middle pan of the Adriatic coast, in Croatia. It is situated west of Split, and from the southwestern side closes the Kastela Bay. Its northwestern part is connected with the town Trogir by leaf bridge. In length it is 14.3 km and covers apro-ximately 29 knr. Ciovo's highest peck is 218 m above sea-level. The geological bed consists of limestone which develops limestone soil. Climavegetationaly the island belongs to the stenomediterranean and eumcditerranean vege-tational zone. 24 J. KameNJar, Z. Pavletic: Analiza vegetacije na otoku Čiovu (Hrvatska) In historical-eccomonical terms the few islanders raised cattle and wines, the woods were chopped down for firewood, pastures and only a small part for farming. As cattle raising is completly and farming mostly neglected, abandoned areas are overgrown with elements of forestic vegetation. These elements after occasional fires gave up over rocky-pasture vegetation. Up to this point the floristic and vegeiational studies of island Ciovo (Slade Silovic, 1909; Trinajstic & Kamenjarin, 1998, Kovacic & al., 2001, Trinajstic & Kamenjarin, 2001) have been fragmentary. Therefor an analysis of the natural vegetation has been conducted in order to research the succession of its vegetation 2. Materials and methods The vegetation researches carried out on the island Ciovo in the spring, summer and autumn of 2002 are based on the combined estimation according to the Zurich-Montpellier school, while the syntaxonomic nomenclature is presented according to Horvatic (1963) and Trinajstic (1973, 1977, 1987, 1988, 1995). 3. Results On the basis of phytosociological research, the studied vegetation of island Ciovo could be shown in terms of syntaxonomy in the following way: Class: Festuco-Brometea Br.-Bl. et Tilxen 1943 Order: Scorzonero-Chrysopogonetalia Ht, ct H-ic. 1934 Alliance: Chnsopogoni-Saturejon H-ic. et Ht. (1956)1958 Ass: Koelerio-Festucetum iltyricae (Hic. 1962) Trinajstic 1992 subass. brachypudietosum retusi Trinajstic 1992 Class: Thero-Brachypodietea Br.-Bl. 1947 Order: Cymbopogo-Brachypodietalia H-ic, (1956)1958 Alliance: Cymbopogo-Brachypodion retusi (»ramosi«) H-i<5. (1956) 1958 Ass: Brachypodio-Cymbopogonetum hirti H-ic. 1961 Class: Erico-Cistetea Trinajstic (1978) 1985 Order: Cisio-Ericetalia H-ic. 1958 Alliance: Cisto-Ericion H-ic. 1958 Stadium: Cistus monspeliensis Stadium: Cistus creticus Class: Querceta ilicis Br.-Bl. 1947 Order: Quercetaliu ilicis Br.-Bl. (1931) 1936 Alliance: Quercion ilicis Br.-Bl. (1931)1936 Ass: Pistado-Pinetum halepensis De Marco, Veri et Caneva 1984 Ass: Querco ilicis-Pinetum halepensis Loisel 1971 Ass: Myrto-Quercetum ilicis (H-ic.) Trinajstic 1985 Alliance: Oleo-Ceratonion Br.-Bl. 1931 Stadium: Juniperus phoenicea Ass: Pistacio-Junipertum phoeniceae Trinajstic 1987 Ass: Oleo-Junipertum phoeniceae Bruno et al. 1983 Ass: Junípero phoeniceae-Pinetum halepensis Trinajsti<5 1989 On the southern, warmer side of the island relatively large areas of the rocky-pasture association Brachypodio-Cymbopogonetum hirti are spread, as a result of antropogenetic degradation. Floristic composition is shown on table 1 which was made on the basis of 5 phytosociological records. 49 species have been recorded and Heteropogon contortus, Brachypodium retusum and Hyparrhenia hirta dominate. In this case, companions show that association Brachypodio-Cymbopogonetum hirti relatively quickly turns into stage Cistus monspeliensis on the southwestern part of the south slope and western part of the island. The floristic composition shown on table 2 is a result of 4 phytosociological records. 26 specics have been recorded. As there is no flysh beding associations Erica manipulijiora and Erica arbórea are absent and association Rosmarinus officinalis is missing because of the cold. Also the association Brachypodio-Cymbopogonetum hirti relatively quickly tums into stage Juniperus phoenicea on the southeastern part of the south slope. The floristic composi- Hiadnika 15-16: 23^(1 (2003) 25 tion is shown on table 3 which is a result of 3 phytosociological records. 22 species have been recorded. The apperance of elements of class Thero-Brachypodietea among the companions shows the origin of this association and of class Quercetea Uicis which means that stages Juniperus phoenicea and Cistus monspeliensis are overgrown with elements of macchia and on the south side of tiovo, near the sea, in deeper grounds protected from the northern winds association Pistacio-Juniperetum phoeniceae is developed which floristic composition is shown on table 4. The table is a result of 7 phytosociological records. Dominating are Juniperus phoenicea, Pistacia lentiscus and Juniperus macrocarpa. All together 40 species have been recorded and among the companions a lot of elements of class Cisto-Ericetea and class Thero-Brachypodietea are found. On the crest, on somewhat shallow ground, exposed to the northern and southern wind association Oleo-Juniperetum phoeniceae is developed whose floristic composition is shown on table 5. Tt is made from 8 phytosociological records. Dominating are Juniperus phoenicea, J. macrocarpa, Olea europaea and O, sylve-stris. 24 species have been recorded. Among the companions elements of class Thero-Brachy-podietea and class Erico-Cistetea stand out and indicate the origin of this association. Further succession of associations Pistacio-Juniperetum phoeniceae and Oleo-Juniperetum phoenicae goes towards evolution of forests -association Junipero phoeniceae-Pinetum hale-pensis which lean on the prior associations. The floristic composition is shown on table 6 which was made according to 9 phytosociological records. 36 species have been recorded. This association stayes for a long time as a permanently stage. And here we can find elements of classes Thero-Brachypodietea and Erico-Cistetea among the companions but in a smaller amount. On the crest and northern slopes of the island the rocky-pasture association Koelerio-Festucerum illyricae subassociation brachypo-dietosum retusi develops as a result of colder, north winds and antropogenetic influence . The elements of class Festuco-Brometea belong to submediterrancan, while Ciovo com-pletetly belongs to eumeditcrranean. This can be explained that while cattle breeding was high on the island, the cattle was brought from the sub-mediterranean to éiovo, with it the seeds of class Festuco-Brometea. Floristic composition is shown on table 7 which was made on the basis of 11 phytosociological records. Classified are 75 species. Dominate Brachypodium retusum, Bupleunim veronense and Festuca dalmatica. Among the companions elements of class Erico-Cistetea and class Quercetea ilicis show up which indicates that the succesion of rocky pastures association Koelerio-Festucetum illyricae subassociation brachypodietosum retusi develops into stage Cistus creticus. Because of the kind of ground we miss species of genus Erica. The floristic composition is shown on table 8 which was made on the basis of 7 phytosociological records. 34 species have been recorded. Among the companions grassland elements of both classes appear and elements of class Quercetea ilicis indicate that stage Cistus creticus turns into a forest of association Pistacio-Pinetum halepensis which is developed on the northern slope and on part of the crest. In case that the acom of holm oak isn't supplied it stayes for a long time as a permanent stage. The floristic composition is shown on table 9 which was made on the basis of 6 phytosociological records. 40 species have been recorded. Pistacia lentiscus dominates in the shrubbery. Among the companions elements of grassland vegetation appear and elements of class Erico-Cistetea. If the source of holm-oak acom is secured association Pistacio-Pinetum halepensis quickly transforms into association Querco ili-cis-Pinetum halepensis. The floristic composition is shown in table 10 which was made on the basis of 4 phytosociological records. 40 spc-cies have been recorded. Quercus ilex and Pistacia terebinthus dominate in the shrubbery layer. Among the companions elements of grassland vegetation appear and so do elements of class Erica-Cistetea. Further succession of association Querco ilicis-Pinetum halepensis proceeds in the direc- 56 J. KaMENJAr, Z. Pavletic: Analiza vegetacije na otoku Čiovu (Hrvatska) tion of evolution of climazonal evergreen forest vegetation - association Myrto-Quercetumtlicis as shown on table 1. made from 6 physiological records. In the layer of fores, do~ -ilex and in the shrubbery layer Quercus ilex, Myrtus communis and Pistacxa lennscus. All^together 45 species have been recorded. This association is completely developed on the north s.de of th fiTnear Sveti Krti and on the western side near Okxuk Donji. Among the compamons «11 appear elements of grassland vegetation and elements of class Erica- Cistetea. 4. Discussion and conclusion Succession of rocky-pasture meadows vegetation depends on the humidity, as it is shown na picture 2 In semihumid areas of the. island čiovo. like its southern and western slopes grassland a station Bnchypodio-Cymbopogonetum hirti developes, which overgrows fast will, elements of gSe andTstages JuJperJplenicea and monspeliensis appear. They cross into mac- chia associations Pistacio-Juniperetum phoeniceae and Oleo-Juntperetum phoemceae Further more, with their succession association Juniper, phoeniceae-Pinetum halepensw developes and bccause of the aridic conditions stayes long as a permanent stage. In humid part of Ciovo, such as the crest and north slope, the rocky-pasture grassland ,s developed - association Koderio-Festucetum iilyricae subassociation brochypodtetosum retus, - which overgrow with elements of garigue which results into stage Cistus creticus. This stage can turn into association Oleo-Jumper turn pkoeniceae and association Pistacio- mostly it forms association Pistacio-Pinetwn halepensis. If the source of holm-oak acorn snt pm-ded it stays as a permanent stage If the holm-oak acom is provided it will quickly transform into Querco iUcis-Pinelln halepensis. The success,on finishes us torming w„h chmazonal forcslic vegetation - association Myrto-Quercetum dtas. The frequency of characteristic sorts of vegetationa. classes in all of the studied associations ts shown in table 12 5. Literatura KovačIc S N. Jasprica & M. Ruščic, 2001: Floptical characteristics of phoenicean juniper mac-chla (« Pistacio lentisci-Juniperetum phoeniceae Trinajst* 1987) in central and southern Dalmatia (Croatia). Nat. Croat.. Vol. 10, No. 2, 73-81. Zagreb. Sladf Šilovič R 1909: Nekoje crtice iz narodnog gospodarstva u Trogiru. Dubrovnik tXS i! 1973: O zoni svez, Oleo-Ceratonion u istočnojadranskom dijelu Balkanskog poluo- Oleo-Ceratonion Br.-Bl. na otoku Lastovu. Acta Bot. Croat. TRINWsS.J987: Fitocenološko-tipoloSka analiza sastojina makije somine Juniperus phoenicea l 11 Mrvatskom orimoriu. Acta Bot. Croat. 46, 115-121. Zagreb. O problemu sintaksonomske pripadnost, šuma alepskogbo. -Pinus halepen- sis Miller u jadranskom primorju Jugoslavije. Glas. Šum. Pokuse 24 233-45^ Trinajstič, I., 1995: Vegetacijske značajke otoka Mljeta. Simpozij Pnrodne znacajke , društvena valorizacija otoka Mljeta. Pomena. 19(1), 155-176. /n,,«™« Trinapstič, i. & j. KamENJARIN, 1998: Fitocenološka analiza vegetacije mak,je česmme (Quercus ilex L ) na otoku Čiovu. Šum. list 122 (5-6), 207-211. Trinajsik?, I & J. KameniaRIN, 2001: Fitocenološkc značajke pašnjačke asocijacje Brachvpodio-Cymbopogonetum hirti H-ic. 1961. Agronomski glasnik 4-5, 181-188. Zagreb. Uladmka 15-16: 23-41 (2 003) 27 ISLAND CIOVO Picture 1. Geographical position of studied area No. of veget. record \ 2 3 4 5 Size of veget. record (m7) 100 50 100 50 100 / No. of SDecies 15 16 22 26 20 / Char, hss í ----,-.-- Heteroooeon contortus 3.3 | 3.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 100 rh*T. »11. order and class: ---- Brachypodium retusum 1.2 2.3 3.3 4.4 4.3 100 Hyparrhenia hiria 3.3 1.2 3.2 1.2 1.2 100 Convolvulus cantahricus +.2 + 1.1 + 1.1 100 Galium corrudaefolium + + 1.2 + +.2 100 Fumanu cricoides + +.3 +.3 +.2 80 Teucrium poliitm +.2 +.2 +.2 60 Allium subhirsutum +.3 +.3 40 Convolvulus eleganiissimus 1.2 20 Tanaceium cinerariifolium 1.2 20 Lagurus ovatus 1.1 20 Lotus edulis 1.1 20 Cynosurus echinatus + 20 Linum spicatum + 20 Diff. all. , order and class: Petrorhagia saxífraga + 1.1 1.2 + +.2 100 Seseli tomentosum + + 1.1 + 1.1 100 Salvia officinalis +.2 +.2 2.2 60 Euphorbia spinosa +.2 +.2 +.2 60 Satureja montana +.2 2.2 40 Euphorbia frag ¡fera +.2 1.2 40 28 J. Kamenjar, z. Pavietič: Analiza vegetacije na otoku Čiovu (Hrvalska) Dacrylis hispánico +.2 +.2 40 Chrysopogon gryllus 2.2 20 Ruta äivaricata 1.2 20 Leontodon autumnalis 1.2 20 Linum galicum +.2 20 Bell is sylvestris +.2 20 Anthvllis rubicunda + 20 Astragalus muelleri + 20 Bupleurum veronense + 20 Dianthus tergestinus + 20 Mélica ciliata + 20 Coran. Asparagus acutifolius 1.2 + 2.2 60 Cistus incanus + 3.3 40 Jitniperus macrocarpa 3.3 3.4 40 Sedum rupestre 1.3 + 40 Teucrium flavum +.2 +.3 40 Ephedra fragilis +.2 +.2 40 Aethionema saxatile + + 40 Prasium majus + + 40 Coronilla emeroides 2.2 20 Pistacia lentiscus 1.2 20 Coronilla valentina +.2 20 Smilax aspera +.2 20 Avena barbota + 20 Lotus corniculatus + 20 Mercurialis annua + 20 Muscari comosum + 20 Silene angusiifolia + 20 Vicia gracilis + 20 Tab. l.Ass. Brachypodio-Cymbopogonetum hirti H-ič. 1961 Hladnika 15-16: 23^/1 (2003) 29 No. of veget. record 1 2 3 4 ?(<* Size of veget. record (rrr) 50 50 50 50 / No. of species 10 19 13 8 / Char, all., order and class: Cuius monspeliensis 3.3 3.3 2.3 4.3 100 Cisrus créticas 2.3 2.3 +.2 75 Fumana erkoides +.2 +.2 75 Comp: Brachypodium retusum 2.2 2.3 1.3 1.3 100 Pistacia lentiscus +.3 1.3 +.3 +.3 100 Satureja montana +.2 +.2 +.2 +.2 100 Asparagus acutifolius +.2 +.2 +.2 75 Salvia officinalis +.2 +.2 +.2 75 Spartium junceum 1.3 +.3 50 Euphorbia spinosa +.3 +.3 50 Euphorbia wulfenii +.3 +.2 50 Pistacia terebinthus + +.2 50 Convolvulus cantabricus + + 50 Micromeria juliana +.2 25 Festuca dalmatica +.2 25 Teucrium pollium +.2 25 Allium flavum 4 25 Asphodelus microcarpus + 25 Carduus micropterus + 25 Chaerophyllum coloration + 25 Daucus major + 25 Dianthus tergestinus + 25 Echium italicum + 25 Eryngium amethystinum + 25 Petrorarghia saxífraga + 25 \ Silene angustifolia + 25 Tab. 2. Stadium Cistus monspeliensis 30 _I. Kamenjar. z. Pavletič: Analiza vegetacije na otoku Čiovu (Hrvatska) No. of veget. record 1 2 3 ?(%) Size of veget, record (m ) 50 50 50 / No. of sDecies 15 13 17 / Char, all , nrd«-r and class: - Juniperus phoenicea 3.3 3.3 3.4 100 Juniperus macrocarpa 2.2 1.2 1.2 100 Asparagus acutifolius +.2 +.2 +.2 100 Lonicera implexa +.2 +.2 67 Olea svlvestris +.2 33 Cnmn.: -- Brachypodium retusum 3.3 2.2 3.2 100 Coronilla emeroides +.3 +.2 +.2 100 Heieropogon contortus +.3 +.2 +.2 100 Briza maxima +.2 +.2 +.2 100 Teucrium pollium +.2 +.2 +.2 100 Bellis sylvestris + + + 100 Bupleurum veronense +.2 +.2 67 Hyparrhenia hirta +.2 +.2 67 Micromeria juliana +.2 +.2 67 Salvia officinalis +.2 +.2 67 Carduus mycropterus +.2 33 Cistus monspeliensis +.2 33 Coronilla valentina +.2 33 Dactylis hispanica +.2 33 Galium corrudaefolium +.2 33 Seseli tomentosum +.2 33 Dianthus tergestinus + 1 33 Tab. 3. Stadium Juníperas ¡ihoenicea Hladnika 15-16: 23^/1 (2003) 31 No. of vcget. record 1 2 3 4 5 (i 7 ?(%) Size of veget. record (m") 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 / No of species 19 21 22 14 13 14 18 1 Char, ass.: B Juniperus Phoenicia I +.2 | +.2 I +.2 | 1.2 | 2.2 1 3.2 | 3 .2 | 100 Cliar. all.: B Pistacia lentiscus 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 100 Juniperus macrocarpa 1.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.2 +.2 86 Olea europaea 2.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 71 Ceratnnia siliqua + .2 1.2 1.2 +.2 57 Prasium majus 1.2 +2 +.2 +.2 57 Ephedra fragilis 1.2 1.2 +.2 43 Olea sylvestris +.2 +.2 29 Coronilla valentina 1.3 14 Char, order and class: B Quercus ilex 2.2 1.2 29 Spartium junceum +.2 2.2 29 Lonicera implexa + + 29 C Asparagus acutifolius +.2 +.2 + +.2 +.2 +.2 100 Smilax aspera +.2 1.2 1.2 +.2 1.2 71 Rubia peregrina + + 1.2 43 Allium subhirsutum + + 29 ConiD. Brachypodium retusum 2.2 2.3 2.2 1.1 2.3 1.2 2.3 100 Cistus creticus 2.3 3.2 1.2 3.3 +.2 71 Salvia officinalis + +.2 +.2 + 71 Coronilla emeroides +.2 2.2 +.2 +.2 57 Teucrium chamaedrys 1.2 +.2 +.2 43 Cistus monspeliensis +.2 +.2 +.2 43 Mercurianis annua + +.2 43 Anagalis coerulea + + + 43 Geranium columbinum + + + 43 Muscari coniosum + + + 43 Teucrium polium + + + 43 Vicia híbrida + + + 43 Euphorbia wulfenii + +.2 29 Crucianella latifolija + + 29 Dorycnium hirsutum + + 29 Euphorbia frugífera +.2 14 Ficus carica +.2 14 Satureja montana +.2 14 Avena fatua 14 Daucus carota 14 Phagnalon rupestre + 14 Scorsonera vilosa + 14 Urospermum picroides + 14 Vicia sativa subsp. angustifolia \ + 14 Tab. 4. Ass. Pistar in-Junip e ret um phoeniceae Trinajstic 1987 32 j. KaMENJAr, z. Pavletic: Analiza vegetacije na otoku Čiovu (Hrvatska) No. of veaet. record 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Size of vepet. record (m ) 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 f No. of species 7 11 13 10 9 10 15 12 ! Char, ass.: --.-.-j- B Olea sylvestris 1 +.2 1 +.2 | +.2 | +.2 | +.3 | 1.3 | +.2 | +.2 | 100 Diff. iss: —,-1—-- P ^„¡r„„ \ T3 1 2.3 3.3 2.3 1 3.3 I 2.3 1 2.2 1 3.3 1 100 Char. villr Juniperus macrocarpa 2,3 2.2 1.3 2.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 100 Olea europaea 1.3 + ¡.2 +.2 1.3 +.2 1.3 1.3 100 Pistacia lentiscus +.2 +.2 25 Arbutus unedo +.3 13 Ephedra fraeilis +.3 13 rh«r. order and class: B Phillyrea media +.3 +.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 75 Pistacia terebinthus +.2 +.2 25 + 2 +.2 25 C Asparagus acutifolius +.2 +.2 25 Ruscus aculeatus +.2 13 Comp: B Cistus creticus + +.2 +.2 +.2 +.2 63 C Brachypodium retusum 3.3 2.3 2.3 1.2 2.3 2.2 2.3 +.3 100 Scilla autumnalis 4. + + + + + 88 Salvia officinalis +.2 +.2 +.2 +.2 50 Euphorbia spinosa +.3 +.2 + .2 +.2 38 +.2 +.2 25 Teuer tum potium +.2 + 25 Bupleurum veronense -h + 25 Hypericum veronense + .2 13 Chamaecvtisus spinescens +.2 13 Carduus mycropierus + 13 | Geranium columbmum + 1 13 Tab. 5. Ass. Oleo-Juniperetum phoeniceae Bruno et al. 1983 Hladnika 15-16: 23^/1 (2003) 63 No. ot ve*ei. record i 2 3 4 5 6 1 8 9 ?(ü Ch nr «11.! -- +.2 + 2 3.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 íoo Olea sylvestris 1.1 +.2 +.2 +.2 +.2 67 +.3 +.2 +.2 +.2 44 +.3 n Prasium maius +.2 ii Ch»r, *rAer nnrt flass: - +.3 +.3 +.2 1.3 1.2 56 +.2 +.2 +.2 + 56 Pistacia terebinthus +.3 +.2 22 1.2 +.3 1.3 +.3 +.2 +.2 +.2 +.2 89 +.2 +.2 +.2 44 Carex distachya +.3 +.2 22 +.3 +.2 22 + + 22 +.2 + + +.2 44 Coronilla emeroides +.3 + +.3 33 +.2 +.2 22 Cistus monspeíiénsis +.3 11 Paliurus spina christi +.2 11 Fraxinus o mus +.2 11 Cistus salvifolius +.2 11 C Brachypodium ro.tusum 1.2 2.3 3.3 4.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 4.4 4.3 100 Salvia officinalis +.2 +.2 +.2 +.2 44 Dactylis hispanica +.2 +.2 + +.2 44 +.2 +.2 Briza máxima +.2 11 Euphorbia wulfenü +.2 1 1 +.2 1 1 Satureja montana +.2 1 1 Teucrium polium +.2 1 1 1 1 Plantago lanceolata + 11 Sanguisorba muricata 11 Sonchus sp. ■ ■ H- | 11 Tab. 6. Ass. Junípero phoeniceae-Pinetum halepe.nsis Trinajstic 1989 34 J. kamenjar, Z. Pavletic: Analiza vegetacije na otoku Čiovu (Hrvatska) No- of vegel, record 1 2 4 5 6 7 S 9 10 11 ?<*> Size of veget. record (m~) 150 100 100 10« 100 150 ISO 150 100 100 150 / No. of species 27 20 24 29 28 31 29 18 19 23 26 / Cliar. as.: Festuca illyrica 1 ■ . 1.3 4.3 +2 +,2 55 nirr. as.: Brachypodium retusum 3.3 2.3 3.2 2.2 2.3 3 3 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 3.3 100 Briza maxima 1.2 +.2 2.3 +.2 +.2 4.2 + 64 Cynpsurus echinatus 4 4 18 Char, all.: Salvia officinalis +.2 1.2 2.3 +.3 +.2 +.2 4.2 2.2 73 Euphorbia spinosa 1.2 4.2 +.2 +.2 36 Astraçallus mttelleri +.2 4.2 4.2 T.2 36 Potenlilla australis +.2 27 Hclichrisum iialicum 4.2 4.2 16 Asphndelus microcarpus +.2 + 18 Char, order and class: Bupleurum veronense *.2 + .2 1.3 1.3 4.2 + + 1.2 4.2 +.2 +.2 100 Festuca dalnuitica +.3 2.3 1.2 1.2 4-.3 +.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 100 Carthamus lanatus + + .2 + 4 + 2 4 91 Koeleria splendens +.2 +.3 1.3 1.3 4.2 1.2 1.2 +.2 4 2 82 Koeleria niacrantha 1.2 +.2 1 2 + .2 1.2 1.2 4.2 4.2 73 Dactylis hispánico +.2 +.2 +.2 +.2 +.2 H-,2 4.2 + 73 Scorzonera villosa + 2 +.2 + 1.2 +.2 55 Allium sphaerocepbalon 4 + + 4 + 55 Galium corrudaefolium + +.2 +.2 + 36 Allium flavum 1 + + 36 Musca ri comosum 4 + 4 36 Mélica cilíala +.2 1.2 +.2 27 Linum teniufolium + -t- 18 Euphorbia frugífera +.2 9 Anthyllis rubicunda 4 9 Dianlhus tergestinus + 9 Eryngium amethysllnum 4 9 Friiilaria gracilis 9 Petrorarghia saxífraga + 9 Tragopogón porrifalius 4 9 Trifolium campestre 4 9 Dirr. order: Carduus myrioplcrus + 4 + + + 4 + 4 73 Micrameria juliana +.2 +.2 +.2 27 Ttmacelum cuieraiifalium +.2 4.2 18 Comp: Avena fatua 1.2 1.2 4.2 4.2 1.2 1.2 12 4.2 73 Dor\cnium hirsuturn + 2 1.2 +.2 1.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 73 Hypericum veronense +.2 1.2 +.2 +.2 + .2 +.2 4.2 4 2 73 Asparagus acunfolius +.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 +.2 4.2 64 Teucrium polium +.2 +.2 +.2 4 +.2 +.2 +.2 64 Crupina crupinastrum + +.2 +.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 55 Convolvulus cantábricas +.2 +.2 +.2 +.2 4.2 45 Plantago lanceolata +.2 +.2 +.2 4.2 4,2 45 Euphorbia wulfenli +.2 +.2 +.2 4.2 36 picris echioides +.2 +.2 + 4 36 Coronilla emeraides +.3 4.2 4.2 27 Allysanthus sinualus +.2 +.2 +.2 27 Aethionemu saxatile + 4 27 Chaerophyllum coloratum + 4 27 Dane us major 4 4 4 27 Silene angustifolia 4 + 4 27 Tordylium npulum 4 4 27 Fumaria ericuides +.2 + .2 18 Onobryohis aenuidenlata +.2 4.2 18 Trifolium stellatum +.2 +.2 18 Nig&lla clamascena 4 +.2 18 Trifolium angustifolium +.2 + 18 iiladmka 15-16: 23-41 (2003) 35 Trigonella corniculata +.2 + 1* Cen tau rium t rith ra ea - + 18 Echium parviflorum 18 Fiiago germánico 18 Iris illvrica 18 Orobanche sp. + 18 Vicia sp. + 18 Hyporrher.ia hirta 1.2 9 Cistus ere t ¡cus 9 Coronilla scorpioides +.2 9 Juntperus macrocarpa +.2 9 Mctliíoius indica + .2 9 Pistaría terebinthus +.2 y Spartium j unce uní 4. 2 y AUium subhirsutum + 9 Coronilla crética <) Ceranium columbinum Rumcx sp. 9 Scotymus hispánicas 9 Tab. 7. Ass. Koelerio-Fesiucetum iüyricae (H-ic. 1962)Trinajsi¡c 1992 subass. brachypodietosum reiiiii'Triiiajstid 1992 36 J. KameNJar, Z. Pavletic: Analiza vegetacije na otoku Čiovu (Hrvatska) No of veget. record 1 2 3 ?(%) Size of veget. record (m ) 50 50 50 / Nn of snecies 20 20 8 / Thar, all . nriier and class: -- Cistus creiicus 2.3 3.3 4.4 100 Cistus salvifolius 2.3 33 Dorycnium hirsutum +.2 33 Junioerus macrocarpa +.2 33 Cn mn: -- Brachypodium retusum 1.3 1.2 3.3 100 Carduus micropterus + + + 100 Coronilla emeroides +.3 +.2 67 Salvia officinalis +.2 1.2 67 Asparagus acutifolius +.3 +.2 67 Pistacia lentiscus +.3 +.2 67 Briza maxima +.2 +.2 67 Koeleria macrantha +.2 +.2 67 Bupleurum veronense + +.2 67 Cruvina crupinastrum + + 67 Pinus halepensis + + 67 Daucus major 1.1 33 Phillvrea media >.3 33 Euphorbia spinosa +.3 33 Allysanthus sinuatus +.2 33 Euphorbia wulfenii +.2 33 Festuca dalmatica +.2 33 Helichrisum italicum +.2 33 Koeleria solendens +.2 33 Micromeria juliana +.2 33 Olea sylvestris +.2 33 Pistacia terebinthus +.2 33 Ruscus aculeatus +.2 33 Teucrium pollium +.2 33 Aethionema saxatile + 33 Muscari comosum 33 Pirethrum cinerariifolium + 33 Scleropoa rigida + 33 Tragopogon porrifolius + 33 Trig one lia corniculata + 33 Tab. 8. Stadium Cistus creíicux Hladnika 15-16: 23^11 (2003) 37 No. of veget. record 1 2 3 4 5 6 ? (%.l Size of veget. record (nr) 100 100 100 100 100 100 / No. of suecies 18 10 11 16 20 11 / Thnr ««■: A Pinus halepensis 4.1 4.1 3.1 4.1 3.1 3.1 100 B Pinus halepensis + 17 Diff. ass. : , T-1--1- •p 1 2.3 1 1.3 1 1.2 1 +.2 1 2.3 1 2.2 | 100. Thar all.: - B Prasium ma jus +.3 +.2 +.2 1.2 67 Juniperus phoenicea +.2 +.2 +.3 50 Olea europaea +.3 1.2 33 Myrtus communis +.3 +.2 33 Juniperus macrocurpa +.2 +.2 33 Olea sylvestris +.2 +.2 33 Ceratonia siliquu +.2 17 Arbutus unedo + 17 Thnr nrHpr and class: B Phillyrea media +.2 1.2 + + 2 67 Pistacia terebinthus +.2 +2 33 Viburnum tinus 1.2 17 Ephedra fragilis +.3 17 17 Spartiwn junceum Quercus ilex +.2 17 Lonicera implexa + 17 C Asparagus acutifolius +.3 + +.2 +.3 +.2 83 Rubia peregrina +.3 +.2 -+.2 +.2 67 Smilax aspe ra +.2 2.3 +.2 50 Allium subhirsutum + + + 50 Ruscus aculeatus 1.2 +.2 33 Cyclamen repandum 2.2 17 Carex distachxa +.2 • 1 ■ 17 fnnrn: Brachypodium retusum 2.3 + 2.2 3.3 2.3 4.3 100 Coronilla emeroides +.2 +.2 +.2 1.2 67 Salvia officinalis +.2 +.2 33 Sesleria uutumnalis +.2 +.2 33 Prunus mahaleb + 33 Geranium columbinum +.3 17 Dorycnium hirsutum +.2 17 +.2 17 Mercurialis annua +.2 17 Asplenium trichomanes + 17 17 Briza maxima Celtis australis + 17 Muscari comosum + 17 Rhagadiolus stellatus + 17 Sonchus sp. + 17 Tab. 9. Ass. Pistacio-Pmetum halepensis De Marco, Veri et Caneva 1984 38 J. KamenJaR, Z. Pavi-ETIč: Analiza vegetacije na otoku Čiovu (Hrvaiska) No. of vepet. record 1 2 3 4 ?(%) Size of veget. record (m') 100 100 100 100 ! No. of soecies 12 13 28 19 / r'haf n«s • - A Pinus halepensis 3.1 2.1 1.1 3.1 100 R Pinuc halenensis + 25 niff ass,; -- A Quercus ilex 1.2 1.2 50 B Ouercus ilex 3.3 3.2 2.2 +.2 100 B Juniperus macrocarpa + + + 75 Olea europaea +.2 1.1 50 Olea sylvestris +.3 +.3 50 Myrtus communis +.2 25 Junityerus nhoenicea + 25 Chnr. ordpr «ni: — B Pistacia lentiscus 1.3 +.3 1.2 +.2 100 Phillyrea media + +.2 50 Clematis flammula +.2 25 Juniperus oxycedrus +.2 25 Lonicera implexa +.2 25 Spartium junceum +.2 25 C Rubia peregrina 1.2 +.2 1.3 75 Asparagus acutifolius 1.2 +.2 + 75 Carex distachya +.2 +.3 +.2 75 Smilax aspera 1.3 +.2 50 Ruscus aculeatus ■ +.3 25 fírnrkvnodium relusum 2.3 +.2 1.2 4.5 100 Coronilla emeroides +.3 +.2 +.2 1.2 100 Cislus creticus +.3 +.2 2.3 75 Salvia officinalis +.3 +.2 1.3 75 Geranium columbinum + +.2 50 Ceterach officinarum 1.3 25 Sesleria autumnalis 1.2 25 Paliurus spina christi 1.2 25 Anemonae hortensis +.2 25 Carduus myeropterus +.2 25 Euphorbia wulfenii +.2 25 Prunus mahaleb +.2 25 Tamus communis +.2 25 Arabis turita + 25 Centaurium erithraea + 25 Hyeracium sp. + 25 Mélica ciliata + 25 Mercurialis annua + 25 Muscari comosum + 25 Phagnalon rupestre + 25 Satureja montana + 25 Tab. 10. Ass. Querco Uicis-Pinetum halepensis Leisel 1971 39 Hladnika ¡5-16: 23^1 (2003)___ J 2 3 4 5 6 ?(%) 200 200 200 100 200 200 / 20 18 27 24 22 24 1 / 1.3 1.2 2.3 +.2 3.3 4.3 100 + 17 l>iff a« • --—— +.2 4.2 + 4 67 Juniper us phoenicea 1.2 4 4.2 33 33 Olea europaea +.3 17 +.2 17 Thar all order anil e\nss: -- 1.1 4.1 1.1 1.1 4.1 4.3 100 1.1 17 Juniperux oxycedrus 3 3 4 3 3 1.3 17 100 Ö Que reus ilex +.3 1.3 1.2 +.2 1.2 1.3 100 +.2 + 1.2 4 4.2 4 100 1.3 1.3 +.2 4-. 2 + 83 Juniperus rtuicrocarpa +.2 (+) +.2 + 4.3 +.-> 4- 83 67 Spariium j un ce um + +.3 33 1.2 17 + 17 4 17 4 17 + 17 1.3 1.3 1.3 4 1-3 +.3 100 1.2 1.2 +.2 +.2 +.2 +.2 100 + 1.2 1.1 + + 4 100 1.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 3.4 K3 1.2 2.3 4 +.3 2.3 83 3.3 4.4 4 + 67 +.2 + 4 1.3 67 + + 4 50 17 + 17 Teuer i um fía v um + 17 17 Viburnum lin us 2.2 1.2 +.2 + 1.2 1.3 loo + 4 4 4 1.3 83 ftrachypodium relus um 2.3 1.3 4.2 +.3 67 1.2 SO +.2 +.2 33 Cistus salvifolius +.2 +.2 33 +.2 4 33 + 4 33 + 4 33 +.2 17 Cisius monspeUensis 4.2 17 Dorycnium hirsulum +.2 17 +.2 17 + 17 + 17 \Paliurus spina-chrtsti 4 17 Tab. 11 As.s Myrio-Quercetum ilïcis (H-ic.)TrinajStič 1985 re.'inw • 40 J. kamenjar, Z. Pavlfxiö: Analiza vegeiacije na otoku Ciovu (Hrvaiska) SEMEHUMID HUMID Myrta-Quercetum ilicis Koeterio-Festucetom illyricae subass. brachypodietosum retusi Picture 2. Succession of vegetation on the island Ciovo Hladnika 15-16: 23^11 (2003) 41 1 1 tl H in j 4 a SjS J 8, 'o f, 11 ¡1 It £ 'S. 8 S 6 4 tl £ 6 ■11 4 s 1 i |f c 3 ii E Si-- i J Species: ICO 10« 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 67 H)0 45 50 100 100 100 1 100 67 w 80 s 60 64 43 100 i 40 50 50 64 100 B up leu rum veronense 100 67 67 100 91 82 Salvia officinalis 60 73 75 67 67 71 50 44 50 s