108 arhitektov bilten • architect's bulletin • 224 • 225 • 226 • 227 Arhitektura. Skulptura. Spomin. / Architecture. Sculpture. Remembrance. 07_ PODGORA, 1962 Rajko Radović HRV Spomenik Jugoslovanske vojne mornarice – Krila galebov • Podgora, Hrvaška • Kipar: Rajko Radović • Arhitektura: Gradbeno podjetje Lavčević • Material: beton, bron, kamen • Fotografije: Roberto Conte, Matija Kralj • Besedilo: Sanja Horvatinčić Monument to Yugoslav navy / Gull’s Wings • Podgora, Croatia • Sculptor: Rajko Radović • Architecture: construction company Lavčević • Material: concrete, bronze, stone • Photographs: Roberto Conte, Matija Kralj • Text: Sanja Horvatinčić 109arhitektov bilten • architect's bulletin • 224 • 225 • 226 • 227 razstava / exhibition V Podgori, jadranski vasici južno od Makarske, je bil septembra 1942 ustanovljen prvi oddelek jugoslovanske mornarice. Njeni vlogi v osvobodilni vojni (1941– 1945) je bil dvajset let pozneje posvečen spomenik, ki ga je odkril jugoslovanski predsednik Tito. Spomenik je med letoma 1960 in 1961 zasnoval srbski kipar Raj- ko Radović. To je bilo njegovo največje in najbolj znano javno delo. Skulptura je visoka 32 m, narejena pa je iz belega betona, ki se dviga neposredno iz črnega granitnega platoja dimenzij 12 x 30 m. Poleg zahtevne gradbene tehnike, ki so jo uporabili za izvedbo visoke in tanke betonske skulpture, je najpomembnejša zna- čilnost spomenika njegova lega nad jadransko avtocesto. Postavljen je med mor- sko obalo in strmo gorovje Biokovo in tako ustvarja močan vizualni poudarek v pokrajini, a je umeščen premišljeno, viden le z določenih ovinkov na panoramski obalni cesti. Glavni pogled nanj je seveda z morja – namenjen je predvsem tistim, ki jim je bil posvečen: mornarjem in prebivalcem vasi Podgora. Do njega in do ši- rokega spominskega platoja pred njim vodi ozka cesta, ki se odcepi z jadranske magistrale. Plato je bil prvotno namenjen uradnim spominskim slovesnostim. V začetku osemdesetih let je bil nasproti spomenika zgrajen proti morju orientiran amfiteater, namenjen neformalnim srečanjem in kulturnim prireditvam. V začet- ku devetdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja, ob političnih spremembah in skrajnih na- cionalističnih težnjah na Hrvaškem, so spomenik večkrat neuspešno minirali, po- zneje pa je bil pomen dogodkov iz protifašističnega upora namerno marginalizi- ran. Revizionistične težnje so prisotne tudi pri novem opisu spomenika na spo- minski plošči, ki trdi, da je spomenik posvečen vsem »hrvaškim mornarjem«, partizanskega upora pa ne omenja. In Podgora, a small Adriatic village south of Makarska, the first detachment of Yugoslav navy was established in September 1942. Its role in the liberation war (1941-1945) was commemorated twenty years later by a monument, which was unveiled by Yugoslav president Tito. The monument was designed between 1960 and 1961 by Serbian sculptor Rajko Radović. This was his largest and best known public work. The sculpture is 32 m tall, made from white concrete rising directly from the black granite platform measuring 12 m by 30 m. Beside the demanding construction technique used for the execution of the tall and slender concrete sculpture, the most important characteristic of the monument is its location above the Adriatic Highway. Placed between the sea coast and the steep moun- tain Biokovo, it is a powerful visual accent in the landscape, yet carefully sited so as to be visible only from certain curves of the panoramic coastal road. The prin- cipal view of it is, naturally, from the sea - it is intended primarily for those in whose honour it was built: sailors and the inhabitants of village Podgora. The monument and the wide memorial platform may be accessed by a narrow road which branches off the Adriatic Highway. The platform was initially intended for official remembrance commemorations. In the early 1980s, an amphitheatre ori- ented towards the sea was built opposite the monument, intended for informal gatherings and cultural events. In the early 1990s, amid political change and ex- tremist nationalistic tendencies in Croatia, there were several unsuccessful at- tempts to blow up the monument, while the significance of antifascist resistance has subsequently been deliberately downplayed. Revisionist tendencies can also be seen in the new description of the monument on the memorial plaque claim- ing that the monument is dedicated to all “Croatian sailors” while avoiding any mention of the Partisan struggle.