BETTER, WORSE, AVERAGE Statistical Portrait of Slovenia in the International Community 2017 BETTER, WORSE, AVERAGE Statistical Portrait of Slovenia in the International Community 2017 FOREWORD Better, Worse, Average - Statistical Portrait of Slovenia in the International Community 2017 Original title: Boljši, slabši, povprečni - Statistični portret Slovenije v mednarodni skupnosti 2017 Print: ABO grafika, d.o.o. The publication is available at: http://www.stat.si/StatWeb/Catalogue/Index Information provided by the Information Centre: phone: +386 1 241 64 04 email: info.stat@gov.si @StatSlovenia Issued and published by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Litostrojska cesta 54 – © SURS – Use and publication of data is allowed provided the source is acknowledged – Printed in 230 copies – ISSN 2463-7874 All through its history Slovenia was part of international flows. Even in the period between winning independence and joining the European Union Slovenia was cooperating in the economic, cultural and social fields, particularly with the former Yugoslav republics and other European countries. A country’s cooperation is normally not limited to its closest neighbours, but it is more intense between geographically, culturally and politically similar societies. Recently, such a society has been the European Union, a unique economic and political alliance of 28 European countries. We know that this does not mean that all countries in the community are the same; on the contrary, they are quite different. Each has its own specific characteristics. The publication presents the position of Slovenia in relation to other EU-28 Member States. Where appropriate, we expanded the comparison, particularly to other countries from the territory of former Yugoslavia and EFTA countries. So, how is Slovenia doing? One cannot answer unambiguously. There are areas in which Slovenia stands out in a positive way and areas in which it stands out in a negative way. And as regards some indicators, Slovenia is in the golden middle. What are the areas in which Slovenia is better, worse or average compared to other countries will be clearer after you browse this publication. Genovefa Ružić Director-General CONTENTS 3 FOREWORD 7 COUNTRY CODEs 9 TERRITORY 13 POPUlaTION 17 EDUCaTION 21 laBOUR MaRKET 25 QUalITY OF lIFE 29 ENvIRONMENT aND ENERgY 33 agRICUlTURE aND FIshERY 37 gDP aND NaTIONal aCCOUNTs 41 PRICEs aND INFlaTION 45 FOREIgN ECONOMIC RElaTIONs 49 ENTERPRIsEs, CONsTRUCTION aND INDUsTRY 53 TOURIsM, TRaNsPORT aND TRaDE 59 sTaTIsTICal sIgNs, aBBREvIaTIONs aND UNITs OF MEasUREMENT AT BE BG CY CZ DE DK EE EL ES FI FR HR HU IE IT LT LU MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK UK Austria Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Czech Republic Germany Denmark Estonia Greece Spain Finland France Croatia Hungary Ireland Italy Lithuania Luxembourg Latvia Malta Netherlands Poland Portugal Romania Sweden Slovenia Slovakia United Kingdom COUNTRY CODES TERRITORY 9–12 The forerunner of the European largest expansion took place in smaller. Slovenia is not among the Union, the European Coal and 2004 when ten countries, including most densely populated Member Steel Community, was established Slovenia, joined the EU. In terms States, but it is one of the most in 1952 by Belgium, France, of the area, France is the largest forested. As regards the share of Italy, Luxembourg, Germany and EU Member State. In terms of land area protected for biodiversity, the Netherlands. In the coming population, Germany is the largest. Slovenia was first in the EU in 2015. decades new members joined this Slovenia is 25th as regards the area; community of six countries. The Cyprus, Luxembourg and Malta are FR 633 Total area (1,000 km2), 2016 Source: https://europa.eu/european-union/index_en, 27. 2. 2017 ES SE 506 439 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 % land area protected for biodiversity, 2015 BE FR DE Year of EU accession CY CZ EE HU LV LT MT 5 IT DK PL 0 DK UK LV LT BE IE FR MT NL SE CZ FI DE AT EU EE IT PL HU PT RO EL ES LU CY SK BG HR SI LU NL IE UK PT ES SK SI HR DE 357 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 8. 3. 2017) © SURS FI 338 1958 1973 1986 2004 2013 PL 313 year 1980 IT 302 1950 1960 1970 1990 2000 2010 2020 1981 1995 2007 UK RO 249 238 Population density, 2015 country countrypop./km2 pop./km2 country pop./km2 country pop./km2 In 2015 Slovenia was first as regards the share of land area protected for biodiversity (38%), closely followed by Croatia (37%). Countries with the lowest shares were Denmark (8%) and the United Kingdom (9%). EL AT FI SE BG RO LU MT CY sI EL BG HU BE NL SK DK HR LT EE LV IE CZ AT PT 20 3 0,3 9 132 110 93 31 42 49 43 57 65 45 65 70 79 84 92 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 27.02.2017) FI SE EE LV LT BG IE 18 24 30 32 46 66 68 74 82 86 92 93 102 105 HR EL RO CY ES sI FR 105 106 111 112 124 132 137 AT HU SK PT PL DK CZ IT LU DE UK BE NL MT © SURS 201 220 229 269 372 503 1,370 10 In 2015 the most densely populated EU Member State was Malta with on average 1,370 persons per square kilometre. The least densely populated Member State was Finland with 18 persons per square kilometre. With 102 persons per square kilometre, Slovenia is among the less densely populated Member States. 11 Source: https://europa.eu/european-union/index_en, 27. 2. 2017 BE BG CZ DK DE EE IE Belgium Bulgaria Czech Republic Denmark Germany Estonia Ireland EL ES FR HR IT CY LV Greece Spain France Croatia Italy Cyprus Latvia LT LU HU MT NL AT PL Lithuania Luxembourg Hungary Malta Netherlands Austria Poland PT RO SI SK FI SE UK Portugal Romania Slovenia Slovakia Finland Sweden United Kingdom © SURS years Median age, 2016 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 22. 2. 2017) Women per 100 men, 2016 index 120 DE 45.8 IT 45.5 115 110 105 PT 44.0 EL 43.9 100 BG 43.6 sI LT 43.1 43.2 95 HR, AT43.0 LV 42.9 ES 42.8 90 EU 42.6 LU MT SE DK NL SI IE DE UK BE FI CZ ES AT EU RO SK CY BG IT EL FR PL HR HU PT EE LT LV FI 42.5 NL 42.4 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 27. 2. 2017) © SURSHU 41.9 EE 41.6 CZ, DK 41.5 BE, RO41.4 FR 41.2 MT 41.1 life expectancy for children born in 2015, SE 40.9 In 2016 there were on average selected EU-28 Member States LU SK PL UK 39.3 39.4 39.9 40.0 CY 37.2 almost 5% more women than men boys girls in the EU-28. Most women per 100 men were recorded in Latvia (118) and Lithuania (117). Men SE outnumbered women in three Member States: Luxembourg, Malta IT and Sweden. In Slovenia there were almost 2% more women than men. ES SI In all EU Member States boys born in 2015 can expect to live shorter BG than girls born in the same year. Boys born in 2015 can expect to live longest in Sweden (80.3 years) LV LT and girls born in the same year in IE 36.6 Spain (85.3 years). Life expectancy 100 80 60 40 20 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 years years of boys born in Slovenia in 2015 was Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 27.02.2017) © SURS 77.7 years and of girls 83.4 years. 14 15 age structure of the population, 2015 0–14 years 15–64 years 65+ years DE IT BG PT MT AT EL HU HR LT SI PL ES LV SK CZ RO EU EE FI CY LU NL DK BE SE UK FR IE 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Population of Slovenia by age groups and sex, 2016 0–14 65+ years 15–64 years years EDUCaTION 17–20 52% 48% 51% 49% 41% 59% Sources: Eurostat (http://ec.uropa.eu/eurostat, 27. 2. 2017). SURS © SURS In 2016 Ireland had the most favourable least favourable age structure; 22% of its population was young (0–14 years). 18% age structure; 22% of its population was population was old. Slovenia was in the of its population was old (65+) and 67% young. On the other hand, Italy had the middle of the EU-28. In 2016, 15% of its of its population was 15–64 years old. 16 In the EU-28, Finland was the Member State with the highest share of tertiary educated population aged 15–74 (35%) in 2015. Romania had the lowest share (14%). The share of people with upper secondary education was the highest in the Czech Republic (68%) and the lowest in Estonia (22%). In Slovenia the share of persons with basic education or less was lower than the EU-28 average, the share of persons with upper secondary education was higher, while the share of persons with tertiary education was close to the average. In recent years the focus has been on lifelong learning, since obtaining new knowledge and skills is a must for preserving our current and obtaining new employments. In 2015, most adults (25–64 years) were included in lifelong learning in Northern Europe (Sweden, Denmark, Finland) and the fewest in Eastern European counties (Romania, Bulgaria, Slovakia). % Population aged 25–64 years with at least upper secondary education, 20161) Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 1. 3. 2017) 1) Provisional data. LT 94.3 CZ 93.3 Early leavers from education and training, 20161) Educational attainment level (%)1), 2015 SK 91.9 % EE 91.7 91.2 20 90.6 RO IT MT SK CZ PT HR sI DE FI 87.9 86.7 87.2 15 SE 84.9 AT 84.6 HR HU 83.2 83.3 10 BG 82.2 IE DK 80.7 80.0 5 UK 79.6 CY 79.0 LU 78.8 NL EU FR 76.8 76.9 78.0 0 HR SI LT PL IE EL LU CZ CY SK AT SE DK NL FI FR BE EE DE LV EU UK HU BG PT IT RO ES MT BE RO 75.1 76.5 1) Provisional data. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 1. 3. 2017) © SURS EL 71.5 Not in education, employment or training (15–24 years), 2015 The indicator “early leavers from education and training” describes the share of people aged 18–24 years with basic education or UK BE BG less that are not included in any HU BG PL DE EL SI AT RO IE behind Croatia. education or training. In 2016, the highest shares were recorded 1 2 1 ES 58.1 in Southern and Eastern EU Member States. Slovenia’s share was the second lowest (4.7%) EL LV FR NL DK ES BE LT PT In 2015, the shares of young people (15–24 years) neither in PL ES employment nor in education or 4 8 3 training were lower in Northern EU Member States and higher in Southern and Eastern EU PT 46.5 Member States. In Slovenia the MT 44.6 share was 9.5%. which ranked out LU SE EE UK CY IE FI country among EU-28 Member 1) The totals do not add up due to rounding. 1) Break in time series. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 1.3.2017) © SURS States with lower shares. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 1. 3. 2017) © SURS 18 19 Participation rate in education and training (25–64 years), 20161) laBOUR MaRKET 21–24 RO BG SK HR PL EL LT HU IE LV BE CY MT IT DE CZ ES PT EU SI UK EE AT LU NL FR FI DK SE In 2016, 11.7% of adult women and 9.8% of adult men were included in education or training. In 2007 slightly fewer adults were included in educa­tion or training (9.4%). In 2016, more women (13.4%) than men (10.5%) were included in lifelong learning. Ten years ago (in 2007) the share of adults included in educa­tion and training was higher (15.1%). 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 % Slovenia: participation rate in education and training, by sex, 2016 1) Provisional data. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.uropa.eu/eurostat, 1. 3. 2017) 45.2% 54.8% © SURS 20 Slovenia was among the countries with the lowest earnings (EUR 8.84; the EU-28 average was EUR 15.35). Mean gross hourly earnings were the highest in Denmark (EUR 27.61) and the lowest, almost 12 times lower, in Bulgaria (EUR 2.34). In 2015, the employment rate of 15–64-year-olds in the EU-28 was 65.6%. It was the highest in Sweden (75.5%) and the lowest in Greece (50.8%). Slovenia was ranked in the middle of EU-28 Member States with 65.2%. In the third quarter of 2016 the unemployment rate was the highest in Greece (22.6%) and the lowest in the Czech Republic 21 and Germany (4%). The rate in Slovenia was lower than the EU­28 average (Slovenia: 7.4%. EU­ 28: 8.2%). Unemployment rates of young people were higher than the average; in 2015 the unemployment rate of young people was the highest in Greece and Spain (almost 50%); in Slovenia it was 16.3%. As regards mean gross hourly earnings, in 2014 % Employment rate (15–64 years), 2015 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 2. 3. 2017) Unemployment rate of young people (15–24 years), Order of the countries by the unemployment rate, selected EU-28 Member States, 3rd qtr. 2007–3rd qtr. 2016 selected EU-28 Member States, 2006–2015 order of countries 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016% 60 NL 1. 1. CZ LT 2. 2. DE SE 75.5 50 DK 3. 3. MT CY 4. 4. HU NL 74.1 40DE 74.0 LU 5. 5. UK DK 73.5 EE 6. 6. NL UK 72.7 30 SI 7. 7. RO EE 71.9 IE 8. 8. PL20 AT 71.1 AT 9. 9. AT 10. DK SE 10. CZ 70.2 10 11. SECZ 11. DE 12. BGUK 12. 0 FI 68.5 13. LUIT 13. 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 LV 68.1 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 3. 3. 2017)LT 67.2 LU 66.1 EU 65.6 65.2 PT, MT, Part time employment, HU 63.9 selected EU-28 Member States, 2015 FR 63.8 RO BE SK, CYPL, BG IE 61.4 62.9 61.8 63.3 62.7 DE AT NL UK SE EU ES 57.8 HR SI IT HR 56.3 55.8 HU SK CZ BG © SURS In the past ten years the unemployment rates of young people were the highest in Greece and Spain; in 2013 the rate in Greece was almost 60%. In Slovenia, too, the unemployment rate of young people was the highest in 2013 (21.6%). Nevertheless, in the past ten years it has been lower than the EU average. In 2015, the share of persons in part- time employment was the highest in the Netherlands (50.7%) and the lowest in Bulgaria (2.4%). In Slovenia the share LV 14. FI 15. RO 16. MT 17. BG 18. EU 19. FR 20. BE 21. HU 22. EL 23. ES 24. PT 25. DE 26. HR 27. PL 28. SK 29. country In the third quarter of 2007 the unemployment rate in Slovenia was 4.5%, ranking Slovenia seventh in the EU-28. A year later (in 2008) it was even lower, 4.1%, so Slovenia had the fifth lowest rate in the EU-28. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. SI EE LT FI BE IE EU LV SK FR PT HR IT CY ES EL In the third quarter of 2016 the unemployment rate in Slovenia was 7.3%, ranking Slovenia 14th in the EU-28. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 was 10.6%. which is less than the EU-28 % Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 3.3.2017) © SURS average (20.3%). Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 1. 3. 2017) © SURS EL 50.8 22 23 The difference between the mean gross hourly earnings1) of individual countries and the EU-28 average, 2014 DK EUR EUR 27.61 12 9 QUalITY OF lIFE 25–28 6 3 0 3 6 9 12 15 BG RO As regards mean gross hourly earnings, Bulgaria (EUR 2.34) was the furthest from the EU-28 average (by EUR 13.01). On the other hand, Denmark (EUR 27.61) had much higher mean gross hourly earnings than the EU-28 average; it was namely EUR 12.26 higher than the EU-28 In 2015, the at-risk-of-poverty rate countries with the lowest rates. of people using the internet at least was the highest in Romania. More In 2014, Romania had the lowest once a week was the lowest in than a quarter of its population number of cars per 1,000 population: Romania (56%) and the highest in lived below the at-risk-of-poverty 246. Malta had the highest number: Luxembourg (97%). Slovenia (73%) threshold. The fewest people were 625 per 1,000 population, while was ranked just below the EU-28 average. living below the at-risk-of-poverty Slovenia had 518 cars per 1,000 average (79%). threshold in the Czech Republic population. The number of internet 1) Activities B-S excl. O with at least 10 employees. (less than a tenth). With 14.3% users is growing in all EU-28 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.uropa.eu/eurostat, 6. 3. 2017) © SURS Slovenia was ranked among the Member States. In 2016, the share 24 % at-risk-of-poverty rate, 2015 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 3. 3. 2017) RO 25.4 % of persons35 severe material deprivation rate, 2015 Romania Hungary Lithuania Number of cars per 1,000 population, selected EU-28 Member States, 2014 Croatia Slovakia 30 25 EEEL IT PT HR LT BG ES LV 22.5 22.2 22.1 22.0 20.0 21.6 19.9 21.4 19.5 5 10 15 20 246 315 329 347 360 PL EU 17.6 17.3 0 SE LU FI NL AT DK DE EE FR CZ BE SI UK ES IE EU MT PL SK PT IT HR LT CY LV HU EL RO BG Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 3. 3. 2017) © SURS FI SK DK NL CZ FR AT sI SE LU CY HU, BE MT, IE UK, DE 13.9 9.7 16.2 12.3 15.3 13.6 16.3 14.5 12.2 16.7 14.9 12.4 11.6 14.3 Regular internet users1), selected EU-28 Member States, 2007–2016 2007 2008 2009 20102014 2015 2016 40 60 80 100% 0 20 RO BG SI EU DK LU Severely materially deprived are persons living in households experiencing at least four out of nine material deprivation items that are the result of limited financial sources and not own decision or habits. In 2015, the share of persons experiencing severe material deprivation was the highest in Bulgaria (34%) and the lowest in Sweden (1%). 625 1 icon = 100 cars 610 582 558 518 552 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 7.3.2017) 1) Share of persons (16–74 years) who used the internet at least once a week. © SURS 2011 2012 2013 The number of people using the internet at least once a week is growing. In 2007 the share in Slovenia was less than half, while in 2016 it was 73%. In 2016, the share was the highest in Luxembourg (97%) and the lowest in Romania (56%). Malta Italy Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 6. 3. 2017) Finland Cyprus Austria © SURS 26 2735 Number of physicians, 2014 PL RO SI UK IE LU BE FI1) FR HR EE HU CY DK1) MT CZ1) ES IT BG DE SE1) LT AT ENvIRONMENT aND ENERgY 29–32 1) Data for 2013. Sources: Eurostat (http://ec.uropa.eu/eurostat, 22. 3. 2017). NIJZ © SURS Greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect in the Earth’s atmosphere. One of them is carbon dioxide. In 2014, the per capita The most common cause of death; Slovenia, 2015 CO emissions were the highest diseases of the diseases of the 2diseases of the circulatory system neoplasms respiratory system digestive system other in Luxembourg (22 tons) and the been the only European country that produces more energy than it consumes. In 2015 most renewable energy was produced by Austria and the least by Malta. In 2015 most municipal waste was recycled in (13%) and Slovakia (15%). In March 2017 fuel was the cheapest in Bulgaria (95-octane unleaded cost EUR 1.02 and diesel EUR 1.03); 95-octane unleaded was the most expensive in the Netherlands (EUR lowest in Croatia (5 tons). In 2015 Germany (66%) and Austria (57%); 1.58) and diesel in Sweden (EUR all EU-28 Member States consumed Slovenia was third with 54%. The 1.47). injuries, poisonings and external causes more energy than they produced. least municipal waste was recycled Source: NIJZ © SURS For several years Norway has in Malta (7%), followed by Romania 28 29 t/preb. Carbon dioxide emissions, 2014 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 8. 3. 2017) LU 21.9 Electricity from renewable sources, selected EU-28 Member States, 2006–2015 Petroleum products price, 14 March 2017 % of gross electricity consumption 80 AT Price of diesel fuel (litre) EUR 1.5 1.47 70 1.03 1.03 1.06 1.06 1.07 1.09 1.13 1.13 1.13 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.25 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.42 SE 60 50 PT 1.2 EE IE CZ NL DE FI CY BE PL DK EL AT EU, UK sI BG MT SK ES FR IT LT PT SE, LV, HU RO HR 40 0.9 SI 30 16.1 20 EU 0.6 1.50 EUR 0 10 HU LU MT 0.0 0.3 1.49 EUR Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 8. 3. 2017) 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 © SURS P r i c e o f E u r o - s u p e r 9 5 LU BGRO PL LT LV CZ AT ES SI MT SK DE HRHU CY NL EE BE FR IE PT EL DK FI IT UK SE 1.23 EUR 1.18 13.1 EUR 1.53 11.8 11.5 12.1 Recycled waste (% of total municipal waste), selected EU-28 Member States, 2015 1.40 EUR 1.39 EUR 1.58 EUR EUR 1.10 1.16 EUR 10.5 11.2 10.7 AT DE1) With a 33% share of electricity generated from renewable sources in gross 1.40 EUR 1.39 EUR 1.15 EUR EUR 1.30 9.2 10.0 9.6 8.7 9.5 EU SI1) electricity consumption Slovenia was 9th among the EU-28 Member States in 2015. The share was the highest in Austria (70%) and the lowest in Malta highest Price of unleaded petrol 95-octane (litre) 1.41 EUR 1.19 EUR 1.32 EUR 1.20 EUR 1.20 EUR EUR 1.06 EUR 8.0 7.2 7.8 7.0 7.5 6.6 5.6 7.4 6.5 5.9 5.5 8.1 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 14.3.2017) 1) Estimate. 0 10 20 30 40 50 MT RO SK 60 © SURS 70 % (4%). In 2015 most municipal waste was recycled in Germany (66%) and the least in Malta (7%). In Slovenia the share of recycled municipal waste was higher than the EU-28 average (Slovenia: 54%. EU-28: 45%). 1.25 EUR 1.49 EUR lowest Source: https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/data-analysis/weekly-oil-bulletin, (14. 3. 2017) 1.56 EUR 1.31 EUR 1.31 EUR 1.02 EUR 1.55 EUR 1.25 EUR © SURS 30 31 Energy dependency, 2015 Energy dependency is the ratio of net imports (import UK EU-28 BE – export) and energy supply at the country level. It Agricultural holdings in the EU-28 sold just over 152 billion litres of cow’s milk in 2016. Most milk per capita was purchased in Ireland (1,450 l), Denmark (925 l) and the Netherlands (844 l); the least milk per capita was purchased in Southern Europe. With 278 litres per capita, Slovenia was in the middle of the EU-28 Member States. In 33 2015 EU-28 Member States caught more than 5 million tons of marine animals (fish, crustaceans and molluscs); Slovenia contributed 191 tons or 0.004%. Norway caught over 2 million tons of marine animals, 40% of the total EU-28 output. As regards the share of organically farmed areas, in 2015 Slovenia was among countries with high shares agRICUlTURE aND FIShERY 33–36 of organic agriculture. The largest wine producers in Europe are Italy, France and Spain. Slovenia is one of the smaller wine producers; in 2016 it produced 823,000 hl of wine, 169,000 hl less than Croatia. Factor income per annual work unit in 2015 was relatively low in Slovenia (EUR 6,264); it was lower only in Romania, Croatia and Poland. litre Collected cow’s milk per capita, 2016 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 27. 3. 2017), calculation by SURS 1) Estimate. 1,450IE Utilised agricultural area with organic farming, 2015 Marine fishing (1,000 kg), 2015 % ES DK UK FR NL DE IE SE IT PL PT FI LV LT HR EE EL BE BG RO MT CY SI 21 18 15 12 9 6 3 DK 925 0 MT IE RO BG HU NL UK LU CY PL FR HR BEEU1) DK DE PT LT ES EL SI SK FI IT LV CZ EE SE AT Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 17. 3. 2017) © SURS NL 844 LU 628 The largest wine producers in the EU-28, 2015/2016 IT EE 543 FR1) LT 489 ES1) DE FI 435 DE LV 1) 414 FR 371 AT 356 389 PT EL BE 343 EU1) 299 AT PL 293 SE 291 278 BG sI CZ 265 HR PT, IT CY 233 UK 222 SI 178 In 2014 almost 6% of utilised agricultural area in the EU-28 was organically farmed. In 2015 the share of organically farmed area was the smallest in Malta (0.25%) and the largest in Austria (20%). With almost 9%, Slovenia was above the European average. In 2015 the largest wine producer in the EU-28 was Italy, followed by France and Spain. Slovenia produced 823,000 hectolitres of wine; 69% of it white. A BG HU SK HR MT RO EL ES 57 74 99 117 148 152 158 48 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 17.3.2017) 1) Data for 2014/2015. 0 1 2 3 4 © SURS bn. litres 5 6 person in Slovenia drank on average 43 litres of wine, of which 29 litres of white wine, in 2015. 34 Factor income per aWU, 2015 RO HR PL SI LT BG HU PT CY SK EL MT EE EU AT CZ FI IE DE LU IT SE ES DK FR BE UK NL Factor income per annual work unit in 2015 was EUR 6,264; compared to 2014 it was 9% higher. The increase in factor income is the result of the higher value of agricultural production (by 3%), and the lower values of intermediate consumption (by 2%) and employment (by 1%). gDP aND NaTIONalaCCOUNTS 37–40 0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 EUR Source: Eurostat (http://ec.uropa.eu/eurostat, 20. 3. 2017). preračun SURS © SURS Value of gross fixed capital formation in agriculture, Slovenia, 2015 EUR 38 mio. total non-agricultural products plantations and animals Source: SURS © SURS National accounts provide a systematic overview of the national economic activity and are an indispensable tool for monitoring the economy. The most important national accounts indicator is gross domestic product (GDP), which measures the economic situation in a country. In 2015 GDP per capita was the highest in Luxembourg 36 (EUR 89,900) and the lowest in Bulgaria (EUR 6,300). Annual GDP per capita growth rate was the highest in Ireland (25.5%) and the lowest in Finland (–0.1%). All EU­ 28 Member States are borrowers, but the rate is very different. In 2015 the debt was the highest in Greece and the lowest in Estonia. General government debt is total amount of debt of a country: it is increasing if the country spends more money than it collects through taxes. The household saving rate in the EU­28 has been declining since 2009. In 2015 households in the EU-28 saved on average 10.3% of their disposable income. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 20. 3. 2017) © SURS gross household saving rate, In the past ten years the debt has been the highest in Greece and the lowest in selected EU-28 Member States, 2015 Estonia. Slovenia’s debt is increasing: % in 2006 it was 26% and in 2015 83% 20 SE of gross domestic product. Slovenia’s DE deficit jumped in 2013 due to government 4.4 SI 15 recapitalisation of banks. 3.8 EU 10 3.6 Households in Slovenia were among 3.3 5 the most economical in 2015 since 2.7 they saved almost 15% of disposable income. Only two EU-28 Member States 2.3 0 were more economical: Germany (17%) 2.2 LTLV 1.5 1.4 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 20.3.2017) © SURS borrowers. 0.1 1.9 CY the least economical in Cyprus, Latvia 0.0 38 -0.1 –5 and Sweden (19%). Households were 2.0 1.6 –10 and Lithuania, where households were 1.0 0.9 0.8 annual growth rate of gDP per capita, 2015 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 20. 3. 2017) 1) Provisional data. 2) Estimate. general government debt, selected EU-28 Member States, 2006–2015 % of GDP 200 EL 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: Eurostat (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 4. 4. 2017) © SURS 39 gDP per capita in purchasing power standards, 2015 EU-28 average BG RO HR EL HU PL EE LT PT SK CY SI CZ MT ES IT FR UK FI BE DE SE DK NL AT IE LU In 2015 people in Slovenia could afford on average 17% less than people in the EU-28 overall. People in Luxembourg were able to afford 164% more than people in the EU-28 overall. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.uropa.eu/eurostat, 20. 3. 2017) © SURS 40 index Producer price index (year/previous year), 2016 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 20. 3. 2017) average annual growth of dwelling prices, 2015 UK 101.9 % 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 PL 99.9 0 MT 99.5 –2 IE, EE 99.3 –4 SE 99.0 DE 98.8 –6 sI, LU 98.7 LV HR IT FR CY FI SI PL BE BG EU RO PT ES NL LT CZ DE AT MT LU SK UK EE DK IE HU SE BE 98.6 DK 98.5 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 27. 3. 2017) EU, HU 98.4 AT, IT, 98.1 RO average annual growth of food prices according to FI, FR 97.8 the harmonised index of consumer prices, LV 97.6 selected EU-28 Member States, 2016 ES 97.3 PT 97.2 BE MT BG 96.9 CZ 96.8 LU SE CY 96.4 ES LT SK 95.9 SI LT 95.7 HR 95.6 EU FI CZ IE UK RO NL 94.4 EL 94.2 SK –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 % Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 20.3.2017) © SURS © SURS 1.1 0.4 Average annual inflation rate (measured by HICP), 2016 FI SE 0.8 1.8 LV 0.1 0.7 EE 0.7 DK0.0 LT EU 0.3% 0.6 IE -0.2 ES UK SI AT HR SK IT LU CZ DE PL FR BE HU NL 0.1 0.4 0.6 -0.5 0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.9 -0.2 1.0 BG RO -1.1 PT -0.3 EL0.0 MT -1.3 CY Source: Eurostat (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 27. 3. 2017) © SURS 43 -1.2 Between 2014 and 2015 dwelling prices decreased the most in Latvia (by 3.4%) and increased the most in Sweden (by 13.1%). In Slovenia they increased on average by 0.8% and in the EU-28 overall by 2.8%. In 2016 food prices decreased in nine EU-28 Member States, the most in Slovakia (by 2.9%). followed by Romania and the United Kingdom (by 2.4%). Food prices increased the most in Belgium (by 1.9%), followed by Malta (by 1.8%) and Luxembourg (by 1.5%). In Slovenia they increased by 0.6% and in the EU-28 overall by 0.3%. 42 actual individual consumption per capita in purchasing power standards, 2015 FOREIgN ECONOMICRElaTIONS 45–48 In 2015 actual individual consumption per capita BE UK BG in purchasing power standards in Slovenia lagged behind the EU-28 average by 25%. At that time countries with the values closest to Slovenia’s were Greece and Slovakia (77% of the EU-28 average), Poland (74%) and Estonia (71%). IE RO ELPT ES PL Among non-EU countries, actual individual Turnover per person employed in was the most important market for In 2016 the most important trading consumption per capita was the lowest in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Albania (63% lower than the EU-28 average). while the value in the United States of America was 61% higher than the foreign affiliates in Slovenia was Slovenia; Slovenia imported from partner of Slovenia was Germany; EUR 213,000 in 2014, almost four the EU-28 71% of its total imports Slovenia exported to Germany times lower than in Luxembourg and exported to the EU-28 75% of its over EUR 5 billion of goods and (EUR 832,000) and almost twice as total exports. Among EU-28 Member imported from Germany almostEU-28 average. high as in Romania (EUR 115,000). States the Netherlands imported EUR 5 billion of goods. Slovenia’s In 2015 Slovenia exported slightly the least goods from other EU-28 exports represented 79% of GDP more electricity than it imported Member States (47%), but exported in 2016, while Slovenia’s imports (by 48 GWh). At that time most 76% of its total exports to them. represented 69% of GDP. Source: Eurostat (http://ec.uropa.eu/eurostat, 27. 3. 2017) © SURS electricity was imported by Italy and Malta exported the least goods to exported by France. The EU-28 other EU-28 Member States (39%). 44 in EUR 1,000 LU BE NL IT UK AT FR, DE SE ES FI DK EL CY SK HU, sI CZ PT MT PL LT HR EE BG RO Turnover per person employed in foreign affiliates, 2014 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 4. 4. 2017) Electricity trading balance, 2015 Export and import, the most important trade partners, Slovenia, 2016 832 GWh (1,000) 80 801 FR 60 DE –20 0 20 40 BE UK FI EU HU AT EL NL LT HR DK LU SK PT LV MT IE CY SI ES PL EE RO BG CZ SE DE 5.2 4.6 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 BE RO 592 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 4. 4. 2017) –60 –40 IT © SURS IT 2.7 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.9 ES NL 3.7 0.5 Total export/import of goods to/from EU-28, selected EU-28 Member States, 2016 % Slovenia 0.5 0.4 0.4 SK 420 437 454 UK NL 40 60 80 EE LV Of the EU-28 Member States, in 2015 the electricity trading balance was the lowest in Italy; Italy imported 46,000 GWh more electricity than it exported. France had HR 2.1 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 CZ UK 387 20 the highest difference between exports 2.0 1.0 355 MT 0 SK and imports; it exported 64,000 GWh more electricity than it imported. Slovenia AT 2.7 0.7 333 was the second most balanced Member State behind Cyprus. 0.9 162 230 210 174 197 248 270 213 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 4.4.2017) SIEU IT export import EL © SURS CZ AT Slovenia’s exports and imports are focused on European markets; in 2016 Slovenia exported 75% of its total exports to the EU and imported 71% of its total imports from the EU. In the EU­28 Estonia was the most focused on European markets (82% of total exports and 74% of total imports). Source: Eurostat (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 27. 3. 2017) export (bn. EUR) the line width represents the export and import value import (bn. EUR) FR PL HU © SURS 126 115 46 47 Import and export of goods and services (% of gDP). 2016 IMPORT EXPORT LU MT IE SK HU BE NL2) CZ EE SI LT BG2) CY2) In 2016 Slovenia exported almost EUR 25 LV billion of goods, 4% more than in 2015. DK AT PL HR DE SE EU RO2) PT1) FI ES2) El2) IT FR2) UK 250 % 200 150 100 50 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 % Source: Eurostat (http://ec.uropa.eu/eurostat, 4. 4. 2017) 2) Provisional data.1) Estimate. © SURS 48 Real labour productivity per person employed (2010 = 100), 2015 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 6. 4. 2017) 1) Provisional data. 2) Estimate. 3) Data for 2015. average dwellings size, 2012 Industrial production, selected EU-28 Member States, 2007–2016 EE LV LT index (2010 = 100) RO140 up to 69 m2 120 127.7 100 PL HU CZ BG 80 70–79 m2 60 40 SI IE HR SK EL FI 20 0 80–89 m2 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 116.2 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 6. 4. 2017) © SURS 114.3 ES IT FR DE 90–99 m2 share of enterprise births, selected EU-28 Member States, 2014 SE PT NL 106.2 ATLT 105.8 105.6 SK 104.8 104.9 100–109 m2 104.5 LV 103.7 103.8 From 2015 to 2016 the industrial SI production index in Slovenia increased 103.5 101.4 102.1 by 14%. It increased the most in Slovakia CY (by 37%); in Cyprus it decreased by 20%. LU CY BE 100.9 DK 100.2 100.5 IE Of all enterprises active in Slovenia in BE 2014, 11% were born in 2014. The share 110 m2 or more was the highest in Lithuania (a quarter) 0 5 10 15 20 25 % and the lowest in Belgium (4%), followed Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 7.4.2017) © SURS by Ireland and Cyprus (7% each). Source: Eurostat (https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 6. 4. 2017) © SURS 50 51 share of high-growth enterprises among enterprises with at least 10 employees and share of persons employed in such enterprises, 2014 EE IE ES high-growth enterprises LT CY LV Source: Eurostat, News release 209/2016 © SURS 52 Enterprises selling via the internet, 2016 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 13. 4. 2017) household expenditure on personal mobility, selected EU-28 Member States, 2006–2015 % 20 LU 18 16 14 EU 12 10 CZ 8 SK6 4 23 2 0 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 21 Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 10. 4. 2017) © SURS 20 19 18 17 Number of overnight stays per resident, 2015 BE 16 SE BG 20 FI CZ In 2015 Slovenia was among the EU­28 Member States in which households 15 spent the most on personal mobility 13 RO EE (16.0%), followed by Luxembourg (15.8%) and Bulgaria (15.4%). PT IE 12 Households in Slovakia spent the least EL (7.5%). PL AT ES In 2015 Malta was the country in which tourists generated most overnight stays per capita (20.8), followed by Croatia (16.9) and Cyprus (15.8). With 5 overnight stays per capita Slovenia LU CY LT LV was in the middle of the EU-28 Member Source: Eurostat (http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat, 10.4.2017) © SURS States. 54 Net occupancy rate of tourist beds, 2014 65% 64% 58% 54% 49% 47% 47% CY MT ES HR EL DK FR 46% 45% 44% 44% 44% 43% 43% NL SI PT BE EE SE DE 43% 39% 39% 37% 37% 37% 36% IT LU FI BG LT PL LV 36% 36% 34% 30% 29% HU CZ RO SK AT Source: Eurostat, News release 209/2016 © SURS M AWU GDP EFTA EU EU-28 EUR Eurostat HICP NIJZ SURS bn. mio. no. pop. qtr. CO2 GWh hl km2 l m2 t % less precise estimate – use with caution annual work unit gross domestic product European Free Trade Association European Union 28 Member States of the European Union euro Statistical Office of the European Union harmonised index of consumer prices National Institute of Public Health Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia billion million number population quarter carbon dioxide gigawatt hour hectolitre square kilometre litre square metre ton percent STaTISTICal SIgNS, aBBREvIaTIONS aND UNITS OF MEaSUREMENT Icons for some infographics were obtained from http: http://www.flaticon.com. on Statistical Office’s website via mail, phone, e-mail and social media by ordering statistical publications by visiting the Information Centre www.stat.si/eng address: Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, Litostrojska cesta 54, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia phone: +386 1 241 64 04 e-mail: info.stat@gov.si @StatSlovenia address: Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, Litostrojska cesta 54, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia phone: +386 1 241 52 85 e-mail: gp.surs@gov.si office hours: Monday to Thursday from 9.00 to 15.30, Friday from 9.00 to 14.30 hOW TO OBTaIN STaTISTICal DaTa aND INFORMaTION?